A goroutine pool for Go

中文项目说明 | Project Tutorial

Package ants implements a fixed goroutine pool for managing and recycling a massive number of goroutines, allowing developers to limit the number of goroutines that created by your concurrent programs.

• Automatically managing and recycling a massive number of goroutines.
• Friendly interfaces: submitting tasks, getting the number of running goroutines, readjusting capacity of pool dynamically, closing pool.
• Efficient in memory usage and it even achieves higher performance than unlimited goroutines in golang.

go get -u github.com/panjf2000/ants

Or, using glide:

glide get github.com/panjf2000/ants

If your program will generate a massive number of goroutines and you don't want them to consume a vast amount of memory, with ants, all you need to do is to import ants package and submit all your tasks to the default limited pool created when ants was imported:

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"sync"
	"sync/atomic"

	"github.com/panjf2000/ants"
	"time"
)

var sum int32

func myFunc(i interface{}) error {
	n := i.(int)
	atomic.AddInt32(&sum, int32(n))
	fmt.Printf("run with %d\n", n)
	return nil
}

func demoFunc() error {
	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
	fmt.Println("Hello World!")
	return nil
}

func main() {
	runTimes := 1000

	// use the common pool
	var wg sync.WaitGroup
	for i := 0; i < runTimes; i++ {
		wg.Add(1)
		ants.Submit(func() error {
			demoFunc()
			wg.Done()
			return nil
		})
	}
	wg.Wait()
	fmt.Printf("running goroutines: %d\n", ants.Running())
	fmt.Printf("finish all tasks.\n")

	// use the pool with a function
	// set 10 the size of goroutine pool
	p, _ := ants.NewPoolWithFunc(10, func(i interface{}) error {
		myFunc(i)
		wg.Done()
		return nil
	})
	// submit tasks
	for i := 0; i < runTimes; i++ {
		wg.Add(1)
		p.Serve(i)
	}
	wg.Wait()
	fmt.Printf("running goroutines: %d\n", p.Running())
	fmt.Printf("finish all tasks, result is %d\n", sum)
}

Tasks can be submitted by calling ants.Submit(func())

ants.Submit(func() {})

Ants also supports custom limited pool. You can use the NewPool method to create a pool with the given capacity, as following:

// set 10000 the size of goroutine pool
p, _ := ants.NewPool(10000)
// submit a task
p.Submit(func() {})

You can change ants pool capacity at any time with ReSize(int):

pool.ReSize(1000) // Readjust its capacity to 1000
pool.ReSize(100000) // Readjust its capacity to 100000

Don't worry about the synchronous problems in this case, this method is thread-safe.

All the tasks submitted to ants pool will not be guaranteed to be processed in order, because those tasks distribute among a series of concurrent workers, thus those tasks are processed concurrently.

In that benchmark-picture, the first and second benchmarks performed test with 100w tasks and the rest of benchmarks performed test with 1000w tasks, both unlimited goroutines and ants pool, and the capacity of this ants goroutine-pool was limited to 5w.

• BenchmarkGoroutine-4 represent the benchmarks with unlimited goroutines in golang.

• BenchmarkPoolGroutine-4 represent the benchmarks with a ants pool.

The test data above is a basic benchmark and the more detailed benchmarks will be uploaded later.

There was only the test of ants Pool because my computer was crash when it reached 1000w goroutines.