This simple logging module is a modification of log4m with the following improvements:

• multiple loggers can be created and retrieved by name (à la Python)
• different logging levels appear in different colors if using Matlab in the terminal

Each logger's output can be directed to the standard output and/or to a file.

Each logger is assigned a logging level that will control the amount of output. The possible levels are, from high to low:

• ALL (highest)
• TRACE
• DEBUG
• INFO (default)
• WARNING
• ERROR
• CRITICAL
• OFF (lowest)

The default level in INFO. If a logger outputs at a level lower than or equal to its assigned level, the output will be logged. To silence a logger, set its level to OFF.

All loggers output a string according to the Matlab format '%-s %-23s %-8s %s\n'. Note that a newline is always appended, so there is no need to terminate log lines with a newline. The format is as follows:

• %-s is used to display the caller name, i.e., the function or method in which logging occured
• %-23s is used for a time stamp of the form 2016-09-14 14:23:44,271
• %-8s is used for the logging level
• %s is used for the message to be logged.

An instance of the logging class is created using the logging.getLogger function. The first argument for this function must be the name of the logger. Four additional optional arguments are also available. These can either be provided as name/value pairs (such as logger.getlogger(name, 'path', path)) or as a struct where the field names are the names of the argument (such as logger.getlogger(name, struct('path', path)). The available arguments are:

• path: The path to the log file. If this is not specified or is an empty string, then logging to a file is disabled. This must be a string.
• logLevel: set the file log level. Only log entries with a level greater than or equal to this level will be saved. This can either be a string or an integer. Note that this argument will be ignored if path is empty or not specified.
• commandWindowLevel: set the command window log level. Only log entries with a level greater than or equal to this level will be displayed. This can either be a string or an integer.
• datefmt: the date/time format string. This contains the date/time format string used by the logs. The format must be compatible with the built-in datestr function. This must be a string.
• bufferingSize : set the number buffered logging lines berfore writing to file. Must be a positive integer.

If logger is an instance of the logging class, the following methods can be used to log output at different levels:

• logger.trace(string): output string at level TRACE. This level is mostly used to trace a code path.
• logger.debug(string): output string at level DEBUG. This level is mostly used to log debugging output that may help identify an issue or verify correctness by inspection.
• logger.info(string): output string at level INFO. This level is intended for general user messages about the progress of the program.
• logger.warn(string): output string at level WARNING (unrelated to Matlab's warning() function). This level is used to alert the user of a possible problem.
• logger.error(string): output string at level ERROR (unrelated to Matlab's error() function). This level is used for non-critical errors that can endanger correctness.
• logger.critical(string): output string at level CRITICAL This level is used for critical errors that definitely endanger correctness.

The following utility methods are also available:

• logger.setFileName(string): set the log file to string. This can be used to specify or change the file logs are saved to.
• logger.setCommandWindowLevel(level): set the command window log level to level. Only log entries with a level greater than or equal to level will be displayed. level can either be a string or an integer.
• logger.setLogLevel(level): set the file log level to level. Only log entries with a level greater than or equal to level will be saved. level can either be a string or an integer. Note that even if the level is changed, nothing will be written if a valid filename has not been set for the log.

The following properties can be read or written:

• logger.datefmt: the date/time format string. This contains the date/time format string used by the logs. The format must be compatible with the built-in datestr function.
• logger.commandWindowLevel: the command window log level. Only log entries with a level greater than or equal to level will be displayed. It can be set with either a string or an integer, but will always return an integer.
• logger.logLevel: the file log level. Only log entries with a level greater than or equal to level will be saved. It can be set with either a string or an integer, but will always return an integer.

The following properties are read-only (note that these are called in a different way):

• logging.logging.ALL: The integer value for the ALL level (0).
• logging.logging.TRACE: The integer value for the TRACE level (1).
• logging.logging.DEBUG: The integer value for the DEBUG level (2).
• logging.logging.INFO: The integer value for the INFO level (3).
• logging.logging.WARNING: The integer value for the WARNING level (4).
• logging.logging.ERROR: The integer value for the ERROR level (5).
• logging.logging.CRITICAL: The integer value for the CRITICAL level (6).
• logging.logging.OFF: The integer value for the OFF level (6). Note that there is no corresponding write method for this level, so if this level is set no logging will take place.

A logger at default level INFO logs messages at levels INFO, WARNING, ERROR and CRITICAL, but not at levels TRACE or DEBUG:

>> addpath('/path/to/logging4matlab')
>> logger = logging.getLogger('mylogger')  % new logger with default level INFO
>> logger.info('life is just peachy')
logging.info 2016-09-14 15:10:06,049 INFO     life is just peachy
>> logger.debug('Easy as pi! (Euclid)')    % produces no output
>> logger.critical('run away!')
logging.critical 2016-09-14 15:12:37,652 CRITICAL run away!

A logger's assigned level for the command window (or terminal) can be changed:

>> logger.setCommandWindowLevel(logging.logging.WARNING)

A logger can also output to file:

>> logger2 = logging.getLogger('myotherlogger', 'path', '/tmp/logger2.log')
>> logger.setLogLevel(logging.logging.WARNING)

Output to either the command window or a file can be suppressed with logging.logging.OFF.

1. Why is there no colored logging in the Matlab command window? I haven't gotten around to evaluating the performance of cprintf, which seems to be the only viable option for colored output in the command window. Pull request welcome!
2. Can I change the colors? Currently, no, but feel free to submit a pull request!
3. Can I change the format string used by loggers? Currently, no, but feel free to submit a pull request!