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警

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 儆
警 U+8B66, 警
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B66
← 譥
[U+8B65] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 譧 →
[U+8B67]

Translingual

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Han character

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警 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+13 in traditional Chinese, 言+12 in simplified Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 20 strokes in traditional Chinese, 19 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 廿大卜一口 (TKYMR), four-corner 48601, composition ⿱敬言)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1183, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35989
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1645, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4017, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8B66

Chinese

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trad. 警
simp. # 警
2nd round simp. ⿰忄井

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 警
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (敬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蟼 *kraː, *kreŋ, *kreŋʔ
憼 *kaŋʔ, *kreŋʔ
驚 *kreŋ
警 *kreŋʔ
儆 *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋs
璥 *keŋʔ
檠 *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋ, *ɡreŋs
敬 *kreŋs
擎 *ɡreŋ
曔 *ɡreŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreŋʔ) : phonetic 敬 (OC *kreŋs) + semantic 言 (“spoken language, speech”).

Etymology

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Cognate with 驚 (OC *kreŋ, “to be afraid; to scare”) (Schuessler, 2007); the sense "to be on guard" is the endoactive of 驚 (OC *kreŋ). See there for more.

儆 (OC *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋs, “to warn; to guard against”) is the same word.

Pronunciation

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Note: gêng2 - Jieyang, Chaoyang.
Rime
Character 警
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居影切
Baxter kjaengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠiæŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚiaŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiaŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kiajŋX/
Li
Rong 		/kiɐŋX/
Wang
Li 		/kĭɐŋX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯ɐŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jǐng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ging2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 警
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jǐng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjaengX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kreŋʔ/
English warn, admonish

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 警
Reading # 1/1
No. 6879
Phonetic
component 		敬
Rime
group 		耕
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		警
Old
Chinese 		/*kreŋʔ/

Definitions

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警

  1. to warn; to admonish
    警告  ―  jǐnggào  ―  to warn
  2. to be on the alert; to be vigilant
    警覺／警觉  ―  jǐngjué  ―  vigilance
  3. intuitive; sharp; alert
  4. aphoristic; epigrammatic; witty
  5. alarm; alert; siren
    火警  ―  huǒjǐng  ―  fire alarm
  6. Short for 警察 (jǐngchá, “police”).
    警車／警车  ―  jǐngchē  ―  police car
    交通警 [Cantonese]  ―  gaau1 tung1 ging2 [Jyutping]  ―  traffic police

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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警

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. admonish
  2. commandment

Readings

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  • Go-on: きょう (kyō)←きやう (kyau, historical)
  • Kan-on: けい (kei, Jōyō)
  • Kun: いましめる (imashimeru, 警める)

Korean

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Hanja

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警 (eumhun 경계할 경 (gyeonggyehal gyeong))

  1. hanja form? of 경 (“guard, watch”)
  2. hanja form? of 경 (“alert, alarm”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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警: Hán Nôm readings: cảnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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