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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
U+83CA, 菊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83CA

[U+83C9]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+83CB]
菊 U+2F9A1, 菊
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9A1
荓
[U+2F9A0]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 菌
[U+2F9A2]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 140, +8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿心火木 (TPFD), four-corner 44927, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1037, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31153
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1495, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3238, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+83CA

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kuɡ) : semantic + phonetic (OC *kluɡ).

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 鞠 (ball)?”)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • kiok - literary;
  • kak/kek - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕy²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕy²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕy¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕy¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕy³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕiu²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕyəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕyəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕioʔ⁵/
/t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕioʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕɤu²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕiuʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕiu⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕiəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kʰiuk̚¹/
Taoyuan /kʰiuk̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kok̚⁵/
Nanning /kuk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kuk̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kiɔk̚³²/
/kik̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /køyʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ky²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kik̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kiak̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter kjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kiuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kuwk̚/
Li
Rong
/kiuk̚/
Wang
Li
/kĭuk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ki̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ju
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
guk1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7005
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kuɡ/

Definitions

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  1. (literary, or in compounds) chrysanthemum
  2. (in compounds) A plant of Asteraceae or with chrysanthemum-like flowers
      ―  chú  ―  Bellis perennis
    松葉松叶  ―  sōngyè  ―  Lampranthus spectabilis
  3. (informal, euphemistic) anus; asshole
  4. a surname: Ju

Synonyms

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  • (chrysanthemum):
  • (anus):

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (きく) (kiku)
  • Korean: 국(菊) (guk)
  • Vietnamese: cúc ()

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: あき (aki) (hi)

Etymology

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Kanji in this term
きく
Grade: S
on'yomi
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
(kiku): silver chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum japonense, one of many chrysanthemum species

From Middle Chinese (MC kjuwk).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(きく) or (キク) (kiku

  1. a chrysanthemum
    Synonyms: 河原薺蒿 (kawara ohagi), 河原艾 (kawara yomogi)
  2. a kind of 家紋 (kamon, family crest) with a chrysanthemum flower design
  3. Short for 菊襲 (kikugasane): a type of 襲の色目 (kasane no irome, garment-layering color combination) with white overlayers and purple/sappanwood red inner layers
  4. a loop in the shape of a chrysanthemum flower
  5. Short for 菊腸 (kikuwata): the intestines of a cod, resembling that of a chrysanthemum flower
  6. (card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of September
    Coordinate terms: , , , , 菖蒲, 牡丹, , , , 紅葉, ,
  7. in a 京阪 (Keihan) vegetable market, a sign representing the number 9
  8. (euphemistic) the anus

Usage notes

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As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as キク.

Derived terms

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Proper noun

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(きく) (Kiku

  1. a female given name

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC kjuwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 국〮 (kwúk) (Yale: kwuk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 국화 (gukhwa guk))

  1. hanja form? of (chrysanthemum)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: cúc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.