冬眠

Chinese

		winter	sleep
simp. and trad. (冬眠)		冬	眠

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dōngmián

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥ ㄇㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dung¹ min⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tûng-mìn
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tong-biân / tong-bîn / tang-bîn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dōngmián
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥ ㄇㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dongmián
    • Wade–Giles: tung¹-mien²
    • Yale: dūng-myán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dongmian
    • Palladius: дунмянь (dunmjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ mi̯ɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: dung¹ min⁴
    • Yale: dūng mìhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dung¹ min⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: dung¹ min⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ miːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tûng-mìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: dung^ˊ min^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dung¹ min²
    • Sinological IPA: /tuŋ²⁴ min¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tong-biân
    • Tâi-lô: tong-biân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dongbieen
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ³³ biɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² biɛn¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² biɛn²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tong-bîn
    • Tâi-lô: tong-bîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dongbiin
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ bin²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ bin²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tang-bîn
    • Tâi-lô: tang-bîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dangbiin
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /taŋ³³ bin²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bin¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bin²⁴/

Verb

冬眠

1. (biology) to hibernate

Noun

冬眠

1. (biology) hibernation

Adjective

冬眠

1. dormant

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (冬眠):

• → Japanese: 冬眠(とうみん) (tōmin)
• → Korean: 동면(冬眠) (dongmyeon)

See also

• 休眠 (xiūmián)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
冬	眠
とう Grade: 2	みん Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) とーみん [tòómíń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [to̞ːmʲĩɴ]

Noun

冬(とう)眠(みん) • (tōmin) 

1. hibernation

Verb

冬(とう)眠(みん)する • (tōmin suru) intransitive suru (stem 冬(とう)眠(みん)し (tōmin shi), past 冬(とう)眠(みん)した (tōmin shita))

1. to hibernate

Conjugation

Conjugation of "冬眠する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	冬眠し	とうみんし	tōmin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	冬眠し	とうみんし	tōmin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	冬眠する	とうみんする	tōmin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	冬眠する	とうみんする	tōmin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	冬眠すれ	とうみんすれ	tōmin sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	冬眠せよ¹ 冬眠しろ²	とうみんせよ¹ とうみんしろ²	tōmin seyo¹ tōmin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	冬眠される	とうみんされる	tōmin sareru
Causative	冬眠させる 冬眠さす	とうみんさせる とうみんさす	tōmin saseru tōmin sasu
Potential	冬眠できる	とうみんできる	tōmin dekiru
Volitional	冬眠しよう	とうみんしよう	tōmin shiyō
Negative	冬眠しない	とうみんしない	tōmin shinai
Negative continuative	冬眠せず	とうみんせず	tōmin sezu
Formal	冬眠します	とうみんします	tōmin shimasu
Perfective	冬眠した	とうみんした	tōmin shita
Conjunctive	冬眠して	とうみんして	tōmin shite
Hypothetical conditional	冬眠すれば	とうみんすれば	tōmin sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
冬	眠

Noun

冬眠 • (dongmyeon) (hangeul 동면)

1. hanja form^? of 동면 (“hibernation”)