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{{short description|Electric formula race car designed for use in the FIA Formula E Championship}}
{{short description|Electric formula race car designed for use in the FIA Formula E Championship}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox racing car
{{Infobox racing car
|Constructor=[[Spark Racing Technology]]<br>[[Dallara]]
| Constructor = [[Spark Racing Technology]]<br>[[Dallara]]
|Category=[[FIA Formula E Championship]]
| Category = [[FIA Formula E Championship]]
|Image=[[File:Nico Rosberg Formula E Gen2 car 2018 Berlin E-Prix on track.jpg|250px]]<br>[[Nico Rosberg]] driving the Gen2 at a [[2018 Berlin ePrix]] demo
| Image = [[File:Nico Rosberg Formula E Gen2 car 2018 Berlin E-Prix on track.jpg|250px]]<br>[[Nico Rosberg]] driving the Gen2 at a [[2018 Berlin ePrix]] demo
|Team={{flagicon|FRA}} [[DAMS|Nissan e.dams]]<br>{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Techeetah|DS Techeetah]]<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[ABT Sportsline|Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler]]<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[HWA AG|HWA Racelab]]<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[Porsche Formula E Team|TAG Heuer Porsche]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Andretti Autosport|BMW i Andretti Motorsport]]<br>{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Jaguar Racing]]<br>{{flagicon|GBR}} [[NIO Formula E Team]]<br>{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Envision Virgin Racing]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Dragon Racing|GEOX Dragon]]<br>{{flagicon|MON}} [[Venturi Formula E Team]]<br>{{flagicon|IND}} [[Mahindra Racing]]<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[Mercedes-Benz EQ Formula E Team|Mercedes-Benz EQ]]
| Team = {{flagicon|FRA}} [[DAMS|Nissan e.dams]]<br>{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Techeetah|DS Techeetah]]<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[ABT Sportsline|Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler]]<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[HWA AG|HWA Racelab]]<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[Porsche Formula E Team|TAG Heuer Porsche]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Andretti Autosport|BMW i Andretti Motorsport]]<br>{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Jaguar Racing]]<br>{{flagicon|GBR}} [[NIO Formula E Team]]<br>{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Envision Virgin Racing]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Dragon Racing|GEOX Dragon]]<br>{{flagicon|MON}} [[Venturi Formula E Team]]<br>{{flagicon|IND}} [[Mahindra Racing]]<br>{{flagicon|GER}} [[Mercedes-Benz EQ Formula E Team|Mercedes-Benz EQ]]
|Predecessor=[[Spark-Renault SRT 01E|SRT01-e]]
| Predecessor = [[Spark-Renault SRT 01E|SRT01-e]]
|Successor=Spark Gen3
| Successor = [[Formula E Gen3|Gen3]]
| Designer = Théophile Gouzin (Technical Director)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.juliusbaer.com/en/insights/future-insights/energy-transition/designing-the-gen2-car/|title=Designing the Gen2 car|last=Yearley|first=Elisabeth|date=12 June 2019|website=[[Julius Baer]]|access-date=6 May 2024}}</ref>
|Tyres=[[Michelin]] Pilot Sport All-Weather Treaded (18-inch (46 cm) wheel diameter)
| Tyres = [[Michelin]] Pilot Sport All-Weather Treaded (18-inch (46 cm) wheel diameter)
|Length=5160mm
| Length = 5160mm
|Width=1770mm
| Width = 1770mm
|Height=1050mm
| Height = 1050mm
|Wheelbase=3100mm
| Wheelbase = 3100mm
|Weight=900kg (FIA minimum)<br>Battery: 385kg
| Weight = 900kg (FIA minimum)<br>Battery: 385kg
|Battery=54kW.h (194 MJ) by [[McLaren Applied Technologies]]
| Battery = 54kW⋅h (194 MJ) by [[McLaren Applied Technologies]]
|Electric motor position=[[mid-engine design|mid-mounted]]
|Electric motor=Various
| Electric motor position = [[mid-engine design|mid-mounted]]
| Electric motor = Various
| Gearbox name = Various
| Gearbox name = Various
| Gears = unknown
| Gears = unknown
|Chassis=[[Carbon fibre]] and [[aluminium]] [[monocoque]]
| Chassis = [[Carbon fibre]] and [[aluminium]] [[monocoque]]
|Track=Front: 1553mm<br>Rear: 1505mm
| Track = Front: 1553mm<br>Rear: 1505mm
|Power=Max: {{convert|250|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}}<br>Race: {{convert|200|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}}
| Power = Max: {{convert|250|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}}<br>Race: {{convert|200|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}}
|Brakes=Front: 278mm [[Brembo]] Carbon Disks & Callipers<br>Rear: 263mm [[Brembo]] Carbon Disks & Callipers with Brake-By-Wire
| Brakes = Front: 278mm [[Brembo]] Carbon Disks & Callipers<br>Rear: 263mm [[Brembo]] Carbon Disks & Callipers with Brake-By-Wire
}}
}}
The '''Spark SRT05E''', also known as the '''Spark Gen2''' (or the '''Spark Gen2EVO''' for the upgraded chassis set to be introduced in the [[2020–21 Formula E World Championship|2020–21 season]] but eventually cancelled) is an electric formula race car designed for use in the FIA Formula E Championship. The car is the successor to the [[Spark-Renault SRT 01E|SRT01-e]], and is constructed by [[Spark Racing Technology]] with assistance from [[Dallara]]. It has been used as the base car for all manufacturers and teams since the [[2018–19 Formula E Championship|2018-2019 FIA Formula E Championship]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2018/january/introducing-the-gen2-formula-e-car/|title=Introducing: the Gen2 Formula E car|website=FIA Formula E|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref> The car features a new 56&nbsp;kW.h (202 MJ) battery from [[McLaren Applied Technologies]], alongside the new [[Halo (safety device)|Halo]] cockpit protection system,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/di-grassi-calls-for-bespoke-formula-e-halo/|title=Di Grassi Calls for Bespoke Formula E HALO – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref> and is the first Formula E car capable of completing a full-race distance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/6/17084496/formula-e-gen-2-car-specs-geneva-motor-show-2018|title=Formula E's wild new racecar makes electric racing look cool|last=O'Kane|first=Sean|date=2018-03-06|website=The Verge|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref>
The '''Spark SRT05E''', also known as the '''Spark Gen2''' (or the '''Spark Gen2EVO''' for the unreleased upgraded chassis that was set to be introduced in the [[2020–21 Formula E World Championship|2020–21 season]] but eventually cancelled) was an electric formula race car designed for use in the FIA Formula E Championship. The car was the successor to the [[Spark-Renault SRT 01E|SRT01-e]], and was constructed by [[Spark Racing Technology]] with assistance from [[Dallara]]. It was used as the base car for all manufacturers and teams from the [[2018–19 Formula E Championship|2018-2019 FIA Formula E Championship]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2018/january/introducing-the-gen2-formula-e-car/|title=Introducing: the Gen2 Formula E car|website=FIA Formula E|date=30 January 2018 |language=en|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=12 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012112739/https://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2018/january/introducing-the-gen2-formula-e-car/|url-status=live}}</ref> The car featured a new 56&nbsp;kW⋅h (202 MJ) battery from [[McLaren Applied Technologies]], alongside the [[Halo (safety device)|Halo]] cockpit protection system,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/di-grassi-calls-for-bespoke-formula-e-halo/|title=Di Grassi Calls for Bespoke Formula E HALO – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719154417/https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/di-grassi-calls-for-bespoke-formula-e-halo/|url-status=live}}</ref> and was the first Formula E car capable of completing a full-race distance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/6/17084496/formula-e-gen-2-car-specs-geneva-motor-show-2018|title=Formula E's wild new racecar makes electric racing look cool|last=O'Kane|first=Sean|date=6 March 2018|website=The Verge|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214065824/https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/6/17084496/formula-e-gen-2-car-specs-geneva-motor-show-2018|url-status=live}}</ref>


== Development ==
== Development ==
=== Initial development ===
=== Initial development ===
On September 28, 2016, McLaren Applied Technologies was announced to have won the tender to exclusively supply batteries for the Gen2 car.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mclaren.com/appliedtechnologies/case-study/formula-e-battery/|title=Formula E Battery - McLaren Applied Technologies|website=www.mclaren.com|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.autosport.com/fe/news/126390/mclaren-technology-arm-wins-fe-battery-deal|title=McLaren F1 team's technology arm wins Formula E battery tender|last=Mitchell|first=Scott|website=Autosport.com|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref> Initially, the tender called for the battery to be supplied for two seasons, before it was announced subsequently that battery development would only be opened up for the 3rd Generation car, to reduce development costs for teams.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/fe-battery-supplier-competition-987025/1382880/|title=Formula E to keep standard battery until at least 2025|website=www.motorsport.com|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref>
On 28 September 2016, McLaren Applied Technologies was announced to have won the tender to exclusively supply batteries for the Gen2 car.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mclaren.com/appliedtechnologies/case-study/formula-e-battery/|title=Formula E Battery - McLaren Applied Technologies|website=www.mclaren.com|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=15 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115185708/https://www.mclarenapplied.com/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.autosport.com/fe/news/126390/mclaren-technology-arm-wins-fe-battery-deal|title=McLaren F1 team's technology arm wins Formula E battery tender|last=Mitchell|first=Scott|website=Autosport.com|language=en|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214065925/https://www.autosport.com/fe/news/126390/mclaren-technology-arm-wins-fe-battery-deal|url-status=live}}</ref> Initially, the tender called for the battery to be supplied for two seasons, before it was announced subsequently that battery development would only be opened up for the 3rd Generation car, to reduce development costs for teams.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/fe-battery-supplier-competition-987025/1382880/|title=Formula E to keep standard battery until at least 2025|website=www.motorsport.com|date=9 December 2017 |language=en|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=15 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115185707/https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/fe-battery-supplier-competition-987025/1382880/|url-status=live}}</ref>


On 9 January 2017, Spark Racing Technology was announced to have won the tender to supply chassis for the 2nd Generation Formula E Car.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sparkracingtechnology.com/en/content/spark-racing-technology-develop-formula-e-season-5-car|title=Spark Racing Technology to develop Formula E Season 5 car {{!}} SPARK Racing Technology|website=www.sparkracingtechnology.com|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref> On 12 February 2017, concept images of the 2nd Generation Formula E car were released.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/spark-releases-next-gen-formula-e-concept-images-873123/873123/|title=Spark releases next-gen Formula E concept images|website=www.motorsport.com|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref>
On 9 January 2017, Spark Racing Technology was announced to have won the tender to supply chassis for the 2nd Generation Formula E Car.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sparkracingtechnology.com/en/content/spark-racing-technology-develop-formula-e-season-5-car|title=Spark Racing Technology to develop Formula E Season 5 car {{!}} SPARK Racing Technology|website=www.sparkracingtechnology.com|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=21 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821213915/https://www.sparkracingtechnology.com/en/content/spark-racing-technology-develop-formula-e-season-5-car|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 12 February 2017, concept images of the 2nd Generation Formula E car were released.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/spark-releases-next-gen-formula-e-concept-images-873123/873123/|title=Spark releases next-gen Formula E concept images|website=www.motorsport.com|date=12 February 2017 |language=en|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215173339/https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/spark-releases-next-gen-formula-e-concept-images-873123/873123/|url-status=live}}</ref>


In September 2017, the SRT05e had its first shakedown run, held in secret at the Circuit Ecuyers, in Reims, France, with [[Anthoine Hubert]] at the wheel. The shakedown was used to evaluate the performance of the new battery, with the car completing over 400&nbsp;km, but running without the Halo driver protection device, or fully installed bodywork.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/revealed-new-generation-car-runs-in-secret-test/|title=Revealed: New Generation Car Runs in Secret Test – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref>
In September 2017, the SRT05e had its first shakedown run, held in secret at the Circuit Ecuyers, in Reims, France, with [[Anthoine Hubert]] at the wheel. The shakedown was used to evaluate the performance of the new battery, with the car completing over 400&nbsp;km, but running without the Halo driver protection device, or fully installed bodywork.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/revealed-new-generation-car-runs-in-secret-test/|title=Revealed: New Generation Car Runs in Secret Test – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719154550/https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/revealed-new-generation-car-runs-in-secret-test/|url-status=live}}</ref>


In October 2017, the SRT05e successfully completed its first endurance tests held across three days, at the [[Circuito Monteblanco|Monteblanco Circuit]] in Spain, once again, without the halo cockpit protection system, but with the full bodywork of the car installed. Four full-race simulations were also conducted across the three days, with Anthoine Hubert and Frederic Makowiecki at the wheel of the car.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/successful-endurance-test-for-new-formula-e-car/|title=Successful Endurance Test for New Formula E Car – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref>
In October 2017, the SRT05e successfully completed its first endurance tests held across three days, at the [[Circuito Monteblanco|Monteblanco Circuit]] in Spain, once again, without the halo cockpit protection system, but with the full bodywork of the car installed. Four full-race simulations were also conducted across the three days, with Anthoine Hubert and Frederic Makowiecki at the wheel of the car.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/successful-endurance-test-for-new-formula-e-car/|title=Successful Endurance Test for New Formula E Car – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215175308/https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/successful-endurance-test-for-new-formula-e-car/|url-status=live}}</ref>


On 1 December 2017, the [[Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile|FIA]], as well as Formula E Holdings announced via Press Release, that they would renew their exclusive partnership with [[Michelin]] to supply tyres for the Championship until 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.michelinmotorsport.com/var/michelin_motorsport/storage/original/application/90a83178d481f6c3dede9497d64be867.pdf|title=Michelin Renews Partnership With Formula E As Official Tyre Supplier|date=2017-01-12|website=www.michelinmotorsport.com|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref>
On 1 December 2017, the [[Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile|FIA]], as well as Formula E Holdings announced via Press Release, that they would renew their exclusive partnership with [[Michelin]] to supply tyres for the Championship until 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.michelinmotorsport.com/var/michelin_motorsport/storage/original/application/90a83178d481f6c3dede9497d64be867.pdf|title=Michelin Renews Partnership With Formula E As Official Tyre Supplier|date=12 January 2017|website=www.michelinmotorsport.com|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214070622/https://www.michelinmotorsport.com/var/michelin_motorsport/storage/original/application/90a83178d481f6c3dede9497d64be867.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>


On 30 January 2018, the SRT05e was revealed online with a series of computer generated images.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/formula-e-gen-2-car-breaks-cover/|title=Formula E 'Gen 2' Car Breaks Cover – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref> The launch date for the car was also set at 6 March, at the Geneva International Motor show.<ref name="auto"/>
On 30 January 2018, the SRT05e was revealed online with a series of computer generated images.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/formula-e-gen-2-car-breaks-cover/|title=Formula E 'Gen 2' Car Breaks Cover – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719154415/https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/formula-e-gen-2-car-breaks-cover/|url-status=live}}</ref> The launch date for the car was also set at 6 March, at the Geneva International Motor show.<ref name="auto"/>


On 6 March 2018, the SRT05e was launched at the [[Geneva Motor Show|Geneva International Motor show]] by FIA President [[Jean Todt]], as well as Formula E Holdings CEO [[Alejandro Agag]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2018/march/next-generation-formula-e-car-breaks-cover-in-geneva/|title=Next generation Formula E Car breaks cover in Geneva|website=FIA Formula E|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref> The car was also revealed to be the first-ever race car to be fully conceived and project-led by the FIA, with the FIA organising the concept from design, through manufacture.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/new-formula-e-launched-in-geneva/|title=New-Gen Formula E Car Launched in Geneva – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref>
On 6 March 2018, the SRT05e was launched at the [[Geneva Motor Show|Geneva International Motor show]] by FIA President [[Jean Todt]], as well as Formula E Holdings CEO [[Alejandro Agag]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2018/march/next-generation-formula-e-car-breaks-cover-in-geneva/|title=Next generation Formula E Car breaks cover in Geneva|website=FIA Formula E|date=6 March 2018 |language=en|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112140923/https://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2018/march/next-generation-formula-e-car-breaks-cover-in-geneva/|url-status=live}}</ref> The car was also revealed to be the first-ever race car to be fully conceived and project-led by the FIA, with the FIA organising the concept from design, through manufacture.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/new-formula-e-launched-in-geneva/|title=New-Gen Formula E Car Launched in Geneva – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=14 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214070859/https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/new-formula-e-launched-in-geneva/|url-status=live}}</ref>


The first manufacturer group test took place, behind closed doors at the [[Circuito Monteblanco|Monteblanco Circuit]] in Spain from 28 to 30 March 2018. The track was modified to include two specially-inserted temporary chicanes, on the front and back straight, with lap times estimated to be around the 1:01 mark. On the first day of testing alone, 2000&nbsp;km of running was achieved among the teams.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/strong-test-for-radical-new-formula-e-car/|title="Strong Test" for Radical New Formula E Car – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref>
The first manufacturer group test took place, behind closed doors at the [[Circuito Monteblanco|Monteblanco Circuit]] in Spain from 28 to 30 March 2018. The track was modified to include two specially-inserted temporary chicanes, on the front and back straight, with lap times estimated to be around the 1:01 mark. On the first day of testing alone, 2000&nbsp;km of running was achieved among the teams.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/strong-test-for-radical-new-formula-e-car/|title="Strong Test" for Radical New Formula E Car – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=11 December 2018|archive-date=6 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706133020/https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/strong-test-for-radical-new-formula-e-car/|url-status=live}}</ref>


=== Gen2EVO ===
=== Gen2EVO ===
It was later confirmed on 18 January 2019, that similar to its predecessor, the [[Spark-Renault SRT 01E|SRT01-e]], the SRT05e would also undergo a bodywork update ahead of its intended 3rd season of competition, the [[2020–21 Formula E season|2020–21 season]], while the car would also see its use extended until the [[2021–22 Formula E World Championship|2021–22 season]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/gen-2-car-update-extra-season-confirmed/|title=Gen 2 Car Update, Extra Season Confirmed – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-20}}</ref>
It was later confirmed on 18 January 2019, that similar to its predecessor, the [[Spark-Renault SRT 01E|SRT01-e]], the SRT05e would also undergo a bodywork update ahead of its intended 3rd season of competition, the [[2020–21 Formula E season|2020–21 season]], while the car would also see its use extended until the [[2021–22 Formula E World Championship|2021–22 season]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/gen-2-car-update-extra-season-confirmed/|title=Gen 2 Car Update, Extra Season Confirmed – e-racing365|last=Smith|first=Sam|website=e-racing365.com|language=en-US|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719154415/https://e-racing365.com/formula-e/gen-2-car-update-extra-season-confirmed/|url-status=live}}</ref>


Subsequently, the Gen2 car was found to be much stronger than the original [[Spark-Renault SRT 01E|SRT01-e]] car, leading to the drivers becoming more aggressive and making contact with each other.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/gen2-car-stronger-parts-contact/4375362/|title=Why Formula E's Gen2 cars are 'too strong' now|website=www.motorsport.com|language=en|access-date=2019-08-08}}</ref> As a result, a car redesign was proposed, with the newer front of the car made more fragile, in a bid to punish drivers for making excessive contact.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/self-punishing-front-end-facelift/4509302/|title=Formula E set for new "self-punishing" front end design|website=www.motorsport.com|language=en|access-date=2019-08-08}}</ref>
Subsequently, the Gen2 car was found to be much stronger than the original [[Spark-Renault SRT 01E|SRT01-e]] car, leading to the drivers becoming more aggressive and making contact with each other.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/gen2-car-stronger-parts-contact/4375362/|title=Why Formula E's Gen2 cars are 'too strong' now|website=www.motorsport.com|date=25 April 2019 |language=en|access-date=8 August 2019|archive-date=8 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808163452/https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/gen2-car-stronger-parts-contact/4375362/|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, a car redesign was proposed, with the newer front of the car made more fragile, in a bid to punish drivers for making excessive contact.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/self-punishing-front-end-facelift/4509302/|title=Formula E set for new "self-punishing" front end design|website=www.motorsport.com|date=6 August 2019 |language=en|access-date=8 August 2019|archive-date=8 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808142356/https://www.motorsport.com/formula-e/news/self-punishing-front-end-facelift/4509302/|url-status=live}}</ref>


On February 4, 2020, Formula E unveiled the new design, named ''Gen2EVO''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2020/feb/formula-e-gen2-evo-revealed|title=INTRODUCING: The Gen2 EVO World Championship Car|website=FIA Formula E|language=en|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> Owing to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], a raft of emergency technical measures saw the Gen2EVO's debut delayed to the 2021-22 Season.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-09|title=Formula E to delay Gen2 EVO car|url=https://the-race.com/formula-e/formula-e-manufacturers-ask-to-delay-gen2-evo-car/|access-date=2020-08-23|website=The Race|language=en-GB}}</ref>
On 4 February 2020, Formula E unveiled the new design, named ''Gen2EVO''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2020/feb/formula-e-gen2-evo-revealed|title=INTRODUCING: The Gen2 EVO World Championship Car|newspaper=The Official Home of Formula E|language=en|access-date=13 April 2020|archive-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417065115/https://www.fiaformulae.com/en/news/2020/feb/formula-e-gen2-evo-revealed|url-status=live}}</ref> Owing to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], a raft of emergency technical measures saw the Gen2EVO's debut delayed to the 2021-22 season.<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 April 2020|title=Formula E to delay Gen2 EVO car|url=https://the-race.com/formula-e/formula-e-manufacturers-ask-to-delay-gen2-evo-car/|access-date=23 August 2020|website=The Race|language=en-GB|archive-date=29 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629043409/https://the-race.com/formula-e/formula-e-manufacturers-ask-to-delay-gen2-evo-car/|url-status=live}}</ref>


It was subsequently reported the introduction of the Gen2EVO bodywork update could be entirely scrapped on 11 May 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-05-11|title=Formula E's Gen2 EVO car may never race|url=https://the-race.com/formula-e/formula-es-gen2-evo-car-may-never-race/|access-date=2020-08-23|website=The Race|language=en-GB}}</ref> The cancellation of the Gen2EVO bodywork update was confirmed on 19 August 2020, as Formula E was set to introduce its Gen 3 car for the 2022-23 season; the reason for the cancellation was that running the bodywork update for only a single season was deemed uneconomical.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-19|title=Formula E's Gen 2 EVO car Cancelled|url=https://formulaezone.com/2020/08/19/formula-es-gen-2-evo-car-cancelled/|access-date=2020-08-23|website=Formula E Zone|language=en-US}}</ref>
It was subsequently reported the introduction of the Gen2EVO bodywork update could be entirely scrapped on 11 May 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 May 2020|title=Formula E's Gen2 EVO car may never race|url=https://the-race.com/formula-e/formula-es-gen2-evo-car-may-never-race/|access-date=23 August 2020|website=The Race|language=en-GB|archive-date=22 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722075826/https://the-race.com/formula-e/formula-es-gen2-evo-car-may-never-race/|url-status=live}}</ref> The cancellation of the Gen2EVO bodywork update was confirmed on 19 August 2020, as Formula E was set to introduce its Gen 3 car for the 2022–23 season; running the bodywork update for only a single season was deemed uneconomical.<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 August 2020|title=Formula E's Gen 2 EVO car Cancelled|url=https://formulaezone.com/2020/08/19/formula-es-gen-2-evo-car-cancelled/|access-date=23 August 2020|website=Formula E Zone|language=en-US|archive-date=20 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320101217/https://formulaezone.com/2020/08/19/formula-es-gen-2-evo-car-cancelled/|url-status=live}}</ref>


== Technology ==
== Technology ==
=== Electric motors ===
=== Electric motors ===
Teams are able to use their own motor designs homologated with the FIA, or may procure one from an existing manufacturer with an FIA homologated design, at a cost of no more than €250,000.
Teams are able to use their own electric motor designs homologated by the FIA regulations, or may procure one from an existing manufacturer with an FIA-homologated design, at a cost of no more than €250,000.


=== Charging ===
=== Charging ===

Charging is done by the teams before the race.
Charging is done by the teams before the race.


=== Tyres ===
=== Tyres ===
The cars are shod with 18in (47&nbsp;cm) Michelin Pilot Sport All-Weather tyres, and are expected to last a whole race weekend, with one set of tyres per car.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.michelinmotorsport.com/News/ABB-FIA-Formula-E-Michelin-reveals-the-new-MICHELIN-Pilot-Sport|title=ABB FIA Formula E: Michelin reveals the new MICHELIN Pilot Sport|last=Motorsport|first=MICHELIN|website=Michelin Motorsports UK|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-12-13}}</ref> Compared to the tyres on the previous car, the tyres are 2&nbsp;kg lighter at the front and 2.5&nbsp;kg lighter at the rear.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.michelinmotorsport.com/var/michelin_motorsport/storage/original/application/9498ea2211af1f2d67dd87848e2d772b.pdf|title=New Michelin Pilot Sport|website=www.michelinmotorsport.com|access-date=2018-12-13}}</ref>
The cars are shod with 18in (47&nbsp;cm) Michelin Pilot Sport All-Weather tyres, which are expected to last a whole race weekend, with one set of tyres per car.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.michelinmotorsport.com/News/ABB-FIA-Formula-E-Michelin-reveals-the-new-MICHELIN-Pilot-Sport|title=ABB FIA Formula E: Michelin reveals the new MICHELIN Pilot Sport|last=Motorsport|first=MICHELIN|website=Michelin Motorsports UK|date=6 March 2018 |language=en-GB|access-date=13 December 2018|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215222332/https://www.michelinmotorsport.com/News/ABB-FIA-Formula-E-Michelin-reveals-the-new-MICHELIN-Pilot-Sport|url-status=live}}</ref> Compared to the tyres on the previous car, the tyres are 2&nbsp;kg lighter at the front and 2.5&nbsp;kg lighter at the rear, for a total weight reduction of 9&nbsp;kg, excluding other factors.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.michelinmotorsport.com/var/michelin_motorsport/storage/original/application/9498ea2211af1f2d67dd87848e2d772b.pdf|title=New Michelin Pilot Sport|website=www.michelinmotorsport.com|access-date=13 December 2018|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215174110/https://www.michelinmotorsport.com/var/michelin_motorsport/storage/original/application/9498ea2211af1f2d67dd87848e2d772b.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 15:44, 17 September 2024

Spark SRT05e

Nico Rosberg driving the Gen2 at a 2018 Berlin ePrix demo
CategoryFIA Formula E Championship
ConstructorSpark Racing Technology
Dallara
Designer(s)Théophile Gouzin (Technical Director)[1]
PredecessorSRT01-e
SuccessorGen3
Technical specifications
ChassisCarbon fibre and aluminium monocoque
Length5160mm
Width1770mm
Height1050mm
Axle trackFront: 1553mm
Rear: 1505mm
Wheelbase3100mm
Electric motorVarious mid-mounted
TransmissionVarious unknown
Battery54kW⋅h (194 MJ) by McLaren Applied Technologies
PowerMax: 250 kW (335 hp; 340 PS)
Race: 200 kW (268 hp; 272 PS)
Weight900kg (FIA minimum)
Battery: 385kg
BrakesFront: 278mm Brembo Carbon Disks & Callipers
Rear: 263mm Brembo Carbon Disks & Callipers with Brake-By-Wire
TyresMichelin Pilot Sport All-Weather Treaded (18-inch (46 cm) wheel diameter)
Competition history
Notable entrantsFrance Nissan e.dams
China DS Techeetah
Germany Audi Sport ABT Schaeffler
Germany HWA Racelab
Germany TAG Heuer Porsche
United States BMW i Andretti Motorsport
United Kingdom Jaguar Racing
United Kingdom NIO Formula E Team
United Kingdom Envision Virgin Racing
United States GEOX Dragon
Monaco Venturi Formula E Team
India Mahindra Racing
Germany Mercedes-Benz EQ

The Spark SRT05E, also known as the Spark Gen2 (or the Spark Gen2EVO for the unreleased upgraded chassis that was set to be introduced in the 2020–21 season but eventually cancelled) was an electric formula race car designed for use in the FIA Formula E Championship. The car was the successor to the SRT01-e, and was constructed by Spark Racing Technology with assistance from Dallara. It was used as the base car for all manufacturers and teams from the 2018-2019 FIA Formula E Championship.[2] The car featured a new 56 kW⋅h (202 MJ) battery from McLaren Applied Technologies, alongside the Halo cockpit protection system,[3] and was the first Formula E car capable of completing a full-race distance.[4]

Development

[edit]

Initial development

[edit]

On 28 September 2016, McLaren Applied Technologies was announced to have won the tender to exclusively supply batteries for the Gen2 car.[5][6] Initially, the tender called for the battery to be supplied for two seasons, before it was announced subsequently that battery development would only be opened up for the 3rd Generation car, to reduce development costs for teams.[7]

On 9 January 2017, Spark Racing Technology was announced to have won the tender to supply chassis for the 2nd Generation Formula E Car.[8] On 12 February 2017, concept images of the 2nd Generation Formula E car were released.[9]

In September 2017, the SRT05e had its first shakedown run, held in secret at the Circuit Ecuyers, in Reims, France, with Anthoine Hubert at the wheel. The shakedown was used to evaluate the performance of the new battery, with the car completing over 400 km, but running without the Halo driver protection device, or fully installed bodywork.[10]

In October 2017, the SRT05e successfully completed its first endurance tests held across three days, at the Monteblanco Circuit in Spain, once again, without the halo cockpit protection system, but with the full bodywork of the car installed. Four full-race simulations were also conducted across the three days, with Anthoine Hubert and Frederic Makowiecki at the wheel of the car.[11]

On 1 December 2017, the FIA, as well as Formula E Holdings announced via Press Release, that they would renew their exclusive partnership with Michelin to supply tyres for the Championship until 2021.[12]

On 30 January 2018, the SRT05e was revealed online with a series of computer generated images.[13] The launch date for the car was also set at 6 March, at the Geneva International Motor show.[2]

On 6 March 2018, the SRT05e was launched at the Geneva International Motor show by FIA President Jean Todt, as well as Formula E Holdings CEO Alejandro Agag.[14] The car was also revealed to be the first-ever race car to be fully conceived and project-led by the FIA, with the FIA organising the concept from design, through manufacture.[15]

The first manufacturer group test took place, behind closed doors at the Monteblanco Circuit in Spain from 28 to 30 March 2018. The track was modified to include two specially-inserted temporary chicanes, on the front and back straight, with lap times estimated to be around the 1:01 mark. On the first day of testing alone, 2000 km of running was achieved among the teams.[16]

Gen2EVO

[edit]

It was later confirmed on 18 January 2019, that similar to its predecessor, the SRT01-e, the SRT05e would also undergo a bodywork update ahead of its intended 3rd season of competition, the 2020–21 season, while the car would also see its use extended until the 2021–22 season.[17]

Subsequently, the Gen2 car was found to be much stronger than the original SRT01-e car, leading to the drivers becoming more aggressive and making contact with each other.[18] As a result, a car redesign was proposed, with the newer front of the car made more fragile, in a bid to punish drivers for making excessive contact.[19]

On 4 February 2020, Formula E unveiled the new design, named Gen2EVO.[20] Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, a raft of emergency technical measures saw the Gen2EVO's debut delayed to the 2021-22 season.[21]

It was subsequently reported the introduction of the Gen2EVO bodywork update could be entirely scrapped on 11 May 2020.[22] The cancellation of the Gen2EVO bodywork update was confirmed on 19 August 2020, as Formula E was set to introduce its Gen 3 car for the 2022–23 season; running the bodywork update for only a single season was deemed uneconomical.[23]

Technology

[edit]

Electric motors

[edit]

Teams are able to use their own electric motor designs homologated by the FIA regulations, or may procure one from an existing manufacturer with an FIA-homologated design, at a cost of no more than €250,000.

Charging

[edit]

Charging is done by the teams before the race.

Tyres

[edit]

The cars are shod with 18in (47 cm) Michelin Pilot Sport All-Weather tyres, which are expected to last a whole race weekend, with one set of tyres per car.[24] Compared to the tyres on the previous car, the tyres are 2 kg lighter at the front and 2.5 kg lighter at the rear, for a total weight reduction of 9 kg, excluding other factors.[25]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Yearley, Elisabeth (12 June 2019). "Designing the Gen2 car". Julius Baer. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
  2. ^ a b "Introducing: the Gen2 Formula E car". FIA Formula E. 30 January 2018. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  3. ^ Smith, Sam. "Di Grassi Calls for Bespoke Formula E HALO – e-racing365". e-racing365.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  4. ^ O'Kane, Sean (6 March 2018). "Formula E's wild new racecar makes electric racing look cool". The Verge. Archived from the original on 14 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  5. ^ "Formula E Battery - McLaren Applied Technologies". www.mclaren.com. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  6. ^ Mitchell, Scott. "McLaren F1 team's technology arm wins Formula E battery tender". Autosport.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  7. ^ "Formula E to keep standard battery until at least 2025". www.motorsport.com. 9 December 2017. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  8. ^ "Spark Racing Technology to develop Formula E Season 5 car | SPARK Racing Technology". www.sparkracingtechnology.com. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  9. ^ "Spark releases next-gen Formula E concept images". www.motorsport.com. 12 February 2017. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  10. ^ Smith, Sam. "Revealed: New Generation Car Runs in Secret Test – e-racing365". e-racing365.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  11. ^ Smith, Sam. "Successful Endurance Test for New Formula E Car – e-racing365". e-racing365.com. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  12. ^ "Michelin Renews Partnership With Formula E As Official Tyre Supplier" (PDF). www.michelinmotorsport.com. 12 January 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  13. ^ Smith, Sam. "Formula E 'Gen 2' Car Breaks Cover – e-racing365". e-racing365.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  14. ^ "Next generation Formula E Car breaks cover in Geneva". FIA Formula E. 6 March 2018. Archived from the original on 12 November 2021. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  15. ^ Smith, Sam. "New-Gen Formula E Car Launched in Geneva – e-racing365". e-racing365.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  16. ^ Smith, Sam. ""Strong Test" for Radical New Formula E Car – e-racing365". e-racing365.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.
  17. ^ Smith, Sam. "Gen 2 Car Update, Extra Season Confirmed – e-racing365". e-racing365.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  18. ^ "Why Formula E's Gen2 cars are 'too strong' now". www.motorsport.com. 25 April 2019. Archived from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  19. ^ "Formula E set for new "self-punishing" front end design". www.motorsport.com. 6 August 2019. Archived from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  20. ^ "INTRODUCING: The Gen2 EVO World Championship Car". The Official Home of Formula E. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  21. ^ "Formula E to delay Gen2 EVO car". The Race. 9 April 2020. Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  22. ^ "Formula E's Gen2 EVO car may never race". The Race. 11 May 2020. Archived from the original on 22 July 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  23. ^ "Formula E's Gen 2 EVO car Cancelled". Formula E Zone. 19 August 2020. Archived from the original on 20 March 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  24. ^ Motorsport, MICHELIN (6 March 2018). "ABB FIA Formula E: Michelin reveals the new MICHELIN Pilot Sport". Michelin Motorsports UK. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  25. ^ "New Michelin Pilot Sport" (PDF). www.michelinmotorsport.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
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