superego

See also: Superego, süperego, and super-ego

English

Alternative forms

• super-ego

Etymology

From super +‎ ego, from earlier form super-ego, calqued after German Über-Ich, from über- (“super-”) + Ich (“ego”), from the pronoun ich (“I”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /supɛɹiɡoʊ/

  Rhymes: -iːɡəʊ

Noun

superego (plural superegos)

1. (psychoanalysis) The part of the mind that acts as a self-critical conscience, reflecting social standards that have been learnt.
   • 1974, Thomas S. Szasz, chapter 9, in The Myth of Mental Illness, →ISBN, page 152:

     Still, it would be an error to believe that psychoanalytic theory makes no contribution to describing and assessing different types of ethical conduct. The crucial notion in this connection is the relative rigidity or flexibility of the superego. The childish, immature, or neurotic superego is rigid; it is characterized by slavish adherence to rules which, moreover, may not be clearly understood. The mature or normal superego, on the other hand, is flexible; it can evaluate the situation at hand and modify the rules accordingly. Thus, in an early, classic paper, Strachey suggested that the basic aim of psychoanalytic treatment is to make such “mutative interpretations” as would help to render the patient’s “rigid superego” more “flexible”.⁸ Like the psychoanalytic theory of the superego, on which it is based, this view suffers from the limitation of being silent on what sort of rigidity is considered bad or undesirable and what sort of flexibility is considered good or desirable.

Translations

part of the mind

• Arabic: الْأَنَا الْعُلْيَا f (al-ʔanā l-ʕulyā), الْأَنَا الْأَعْلَى m (al-ʔanā l-ʔaʕlā)
• Catalan: superjò m, superego m
• Chinese: 超我 (zh) (chāowǒ)
• Czech: superego n, nadjá n, nad-já n
• Danish: overjeg n, superego n
• Esperanto: superegoo (eo), supermio (eo)
• Finnish: yliminä (fi)
• French: surmoi (fr) m
• Galician: superego m
• German: Über-Ich (de) n, Superego n
• Greek: υπερεγώ (el) n (yperegó)
• Hebrew: אני עליון
• Hindi: पराहम् m (parāham‌)
• Irish: os-mhise m
• Japanese: 超自我 (chōjiga)
• Persian: فراخود (farâxod)
• Polish: superego (pl) n
• Portuguese: superego (pt) m, supereu m
• Russian: сверх-я́ (ru) n (sverx-já), супер-э́го (ru) n (super-égo)
• Spanish: superyó m, superego m
• Swedish: överjag
• Turkish: süperego, üstbenlik

See also

• ego
• id

Anagrams

• Pegueros, perogues, pure egos

Czech

Noun

superego n

1. superego (psychoanalysis)

   Synonym: nadjá

Declension

Declension of superego (velar neuter)

	singular	plural
nominative	superego	superega
genitive	superega	supereg
dative	superegu	superegům
accusative	superego	superega
vocative	superego	superega
locative	superegu	superegách
instrumental	superegem	superegy

Finnish

Etymology

From English superego.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuperˌeɡo/, [ˈs̠upe̞rˌe̞ɡo̞]
• Rhymes: -eɡo
• Hyphenation^(key): super‧ego, su‧pe‧re‧go

Noun

superego

1. (psychoanalysis) superego

Declension

Inflection of superego (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		superego	superegot
genitive		superegon	superegojen
partitive		superegoa	superegoja
illative		superegoon	superegoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		superego	superegot
accusative	nom.	superego	superegot
	gen.	superegon
genitive		superegon	superegojen
partitive		superegoa	superegoja
inessive		superegossa	superegoissa
elative		superegosta	superegoista
illative		superegoon	superegoihin
adessive		superegolla	superegoilla
ablative		superegolta	superegoilta
allative		superegolle	superegoille
essive		superegona	superegoina
translative		superegoksi	superegoiksi
abessive		superegotta	superegoitta
instructive		—	superegoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of superego (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative superegoni superegoni accusative nom. superegoni superegoni gen. superegoni genitive superegoni superegojeni partitive superegoani superegojani inessive superegossani superegoissani elative superegostani superegoistani illative superegooni superegoihini adessive superegollani superegoillani ablative superegoltani superegoiltani allative superegolleni superegoilleni essive superegonani superegoinani translative superegokseni superegoikseni abessive superegottani superegoittani instructive — — comitative — superegoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative superegosi superegosi accusative nom. superegosi superegosi gen. superegosi genitive superegosi superegojesi partitive superegoasi superegojasi inessive superegossasi superegoissasi elative superegostasi superegoistasi illative superegoosi superegoihisi adessive superegollasi superegoillasi ablative superegoltasi superegoiltasi allative superegollesi superegoillesi essive superegonasi superegoinasi translative superegoksesi superegoiksesi abessive superegottasi superegoittasi instructive — — comitative — superegoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative superegomme superegomme accusative nom. superegomme superegomme gen. superegomme genitive superegomme superegojemme partitive superegoamme superegojamme inessive superegossamme superegoissamme elative superegostamme superegoistamme illative superegoomme superegoihimme adessive superegollamme superegoillamme ablative superegoltamme superegoiltamme allative superegollemme superegoillemme essive superegonamme superegoinamme translative superegoksemme superegoiksemme abessive superegottamme superegoittamme instructive — — comitative — superegoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative superegonne superegonne accusative nom. superegonne superegonne gen. superegonne genitive superegonne superegojenne partitive superegoanne superegojanne inessive superegossanne superegoissanne elative superegostanne superegoistanne illative superegoonne superegoihinne adessive superegollanne superegoillanne ablative superegoltanne superegoiltanne allative superegollenne superegoillenne essive superegonanne superegoinanne translative superegoksenne superegoiksenne abessive superegottanne superegoittanne instructive — — comitative — superegoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative superegonsa superegonsa accusative nom. superegonsa superegonsa gen. superegonsa genitive superegonsa superegojensa partitive superegoaan superegoansa superegojaan superegojansa inessive superegossaan superegossansa superegoissaan superegoissansa elative superegostaan superegostansa superegoistaan superegoistansa illative superegoonsa superegoihinsa adessive superegollaan superegollansa superegoillaan superegoillansa ablative superegoltaan superegoltansa superegoiltaan superegoiltansa allative superegolleen superegollensa superegoilleen superegoillensa essive superegonaan superegonansa superegoinaan superegoinansa translative superegokseen superegoksensa superegoikseen superegoiksensa abessive superegottaan superegottansa superegoittaan superegoittansa instructive — — comitative — superegoineen superegoinensa

Synonyms

• yliminä

Further reading

• “superego”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Polish

Etymology

From super- +‎ ego. Calque of German Über-Ich.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /su.pɛrˈɛ.ɡɔ/
• Rhymes: -ɛɡɔ
• Syllabification: su‧per‧e‧go

Noun

superego n (indeclinable)

1. (psychoanalysis) superego (part of the mind that acts as a self-critical conscience, reflecting social standards that have been learnt)

   Coordinate terms: ego, id

Further reading

• superego in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• superego in PWN's encyclopedia

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• supereu

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˌsu.peɾˈɛ.ɡu/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˌsu.peɾˈɛ.ɡu/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˌsu.peɾˈɛ.ɡo/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˌsu.pɛɾˈɛ.ɡu/ [ˌsu.pɛɾˈɛ.ɣu]

• Rhymes: -ɛɡu
• Hyphenation: su‧pe‧re‧go

Noun

superego m (plural superegos)

1. (psychoanalysis) superego (part of the mind that acts as a self-critical conscience)

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /supeˈɾeɡo/ [su.peˈɾe.ɣ̞o]
• Rhymes: -eɡo
• Syllabification: su‧pe‧re‧go

Noun

superego m (plural superegos)

1. superego

Further reading

• “superego”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10