luvata
Finnish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *lubat'ak (compare Estonian lubama, Karelian luvata, Votic luvatõ). Equivalent to lupa + -ta.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editluvata
- (transitive) to promise, vow [with allative ‘to someone’, along with first infinitive or possessive form of present active participle ‘to do’]
- Synonym: vannoa (“to vow”)
- Voin luvata sinulle ettei niin pääse enää käymään.
- I can promise you that it will not happen again.
- (transitive) to bode (indicate by signs, as future events)
Conjugation
editInflection of luvata (Kotus type 73*E/salata, p-v gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | lupaan | en lupaa | 1st sing. | olen luvannut | en ole luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | lupaat | et lupaa | 2nd sing. | olet luvannut | et ole luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | lupaa | ei lupaa | 3rd sing. | on luvannut | ei ole luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | lupaamme | emme lupaa | 1st plur. | olemme luvanneet | emme ole luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | lupaatte | ette lupaa | 2nd plur. | olette luvanneet | ette ole luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | lupaavat | eivät lupaa | 3rd plur. | ovat luvanneet | eivät ole luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luvataan | ei luvata | passive | on luvattu | ei ole luvattu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | lupasin | en luvannut | 1st sing. | olin luvannut | en ollut luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | lupasit | et luvannut | 2nd sing. | olit luvannut | et ollut luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | lupasi | ei luvannut | 3rd sing. | oli luvannut | ei ollut luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | lupasimme | emme luvanneet | 1st plur. | olimme luvanneet | emme olleet luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | lupasitte | ette luvanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte luvanneet | ette olleet luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | lupasivat | eivät luvanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat luvanneet | eivät olleet luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luvattiin | ei luvattu | passive | oli luvattu | ei ollut luvattu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | lupaisin | en lupaisi | 1st sing. | olisin luvannut | en olisi luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | lupaisit | et lupaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit luvannut | et olisi luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | lupaisi | ei lupaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi luvannut | ei olisi luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | lupaisimme | emme lupaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme luvanneet | emme olisi luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | lupaisitte | ette lupaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte luvanneet | ette olisi luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | lupaisivat | eivät lupaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat luvanneet | eivät olisi luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luvattaisiin | ei luvattaisi | passive | olisi luvattu | ei olisi luvattu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | lupaa | älä lupaa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | luvatkoon | älköön luvatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon luvannut | älköön olko luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | luvatkaamme | älkäämme luvatko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | luvatkaa | älkää luvatko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | luvatkoot | älkööt luvatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot luvanneet | älkööt olko luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luvattakoon | älköön luvattako | passive | olkoon luvattu | älköön olko luvattu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | luvannen | en luvanne | 1st sing. | lienen luvannut | en liene luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | luvannet | et luvanne | 2nd sing. | lienet luvannut | et liene luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | luvannee | ei luvanne | 3rd sing. | lienee luvannut | ei liene luvannut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | luvannemme | emme luvanne | 1st plur. | lienemme luvanneet | emme liene luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | luvannette | ette luvanne | 2nd plur. | lienette luvanneet | ette liene luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | luvannevat | eivät luvanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät luvanneet | eivät liene luvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luvattaneen | ei luvattane | passive | lienee luvattu | ei liene luvattu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | luvata | present | lupaava | luvattava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | luvannut | luvattu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | luvatessa | luvattaessa | agent4 | lupaama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | lupaamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | luvaten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | lupaamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | lupaamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | lupaamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | lupaamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | lupaamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | lupaaman | luvattaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | lupaaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
editnouns
verbs
Further reading
edit- “luvata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
editIngrian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *lubat'ak, equivalent to lupa (“permission”) + -ta. Cognates include Finnish luvata and Estonian lubada.
Pronunciation
edit- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈluʋɑtɑ/, [ˈɫuʋɑt]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈluʋɑtɑ/, [ˈɫuʋɑd̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -uʋɑt, -uʋɑtɑ
- Hyphenation: lu‧va‧ta
Verb
editluvata
- (transitive) to promise
- (auxiliary + 1st infinitive) to promise to
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 8:
- Luppaamma tetretit pittää puhtaan, kirjoja ei reppiä, oppitunnille ei mööhästyä.
- We promise to keep the notebooks tidy, not to tear books, not to be late for class.
Conjugation
editConjugation of luvata (type 16/maata, p-v gradation, gemination) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | luppaan | en luppaa | 1st singular | oon luvant, oon luvannut | en oo luvant, en oo luvannut |
2nd singular | luppaat | et luppaa | 2nd singular | oot luvant, oot luvannut | et oo luvant, et oo luvannut |
3rd singular | lupajaa | ei luppaa | 3rd singular | ono luvant, ono luvannut | ei oo luvant, ei oo luvannut |
1st plural | luppaamma | emmä luppaa | 1st plural | oomma luvanneet | emmä oo luvanneet |
2nd plural | luppaatta | että luppaa | 2nd plural | ootta luvanneet | että oo luvanneet |
3rd plural | lupajaat1), luppaavat2), luvataa | evät luppaa, ei luvata | 3rd plural | ovat luvanneet | evät oo luvanneet, ei oo luvattu |
impersonal | luvataa | ei luvata | impersonal | ono luvattu | ei oo luvattu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | lupaisin | en luvant, en luvannut | 1st singular | olin luvant, olin luvannut | en olt luvant, en olt luvannut |
2nd singular | lupaisit, luppaist1) | et luvant, et luvannut | 2nd singular | olit luvant, olit luvannut | et olt luvant, et olt luvannut |
3rd singular | lupais | ei luvant, ei luvannut | 3rd singular | oli luvant, oli luvannut | ei olt luvant, ei olt luvannut |
1st plural | lupaisimma | emmä luvanneet | 1st plural | olimma luvanneet | emmä olleet luvanneet |
2nd plural | lupaisitta | että luvanneet | 2nd plural | olitta luvanneet | että olleet luvanneet |
3rd plural | lupaisiit1), lupaisivat2), luvattii | evät luvanneet, ei luvattu | 3rd plural | olivat luvanneet | evät olleet luvanneet, ei olt luvattu |
impersonal | luvattii | ei luvattu | impersonal | oli luvattu | ei olt luvattu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | lupajaisin | en lupajais | 1st singular | olisin luvant, olisin luvannut | en olis luvant, en olis luvannut |
2nd singular | lupajaisit, lupajaist1) | et lupajais | 2nd singular | olisit luvant, olisit luvannut | et olis luvant, et olis luvannut |
3rd singular | lupajais | ei lupajais | 3rd singular | olis luvant, olis luvannut | ei olis luvant, ei olis luvannut |
1st plural | lupajaisimma | emmä lupajais | 1st plural | olisimma luvanneet | emmä olis luvanneet |
2nd plural | lupajaisitta | että lupajais | 2nd plural | olisitta luvanneet | että olis luvanneet |
3rd plural | lupajaisiit1), lupajaisivat2), luvattais | evät lupajais, ei luvattais | 3rd plural | olisivat luvanneet | evät olis luvanneet, ei olis luvattu |
impersonal | luvattais | ei luvattais | impersonal | olis luvattu | ei olis luvattu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | luppaa | elä luppaa | 2nd singular | oo luvant, oo luvannut | elä oo luvant, elä oo luvannut |
3rd singular | luvatkoo | elköö luvatko | 3rd singular | olkoo luvant, olkoo luvannut | elköö olko luvant, elköö olko luvannut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | luvatkaa | elkää luvatko | 2nd plural | olkaa luvanneet | elkää olko luvanneet |
3rd plural | luvatkoot | elkööt luvatko, elköö luvattako | 3rd plural | olkoot luvanneet | elkööt olko luvanneet, elköö olko luvattu |
impersonal | luvattakkoo | elköö luvattako | impersonal | olkoo luvattu | elköö olko luvattu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | luvannen | en luvanne | |||
2nd singular | luvannet | et luvanne | |||
3rd singular | luvannoo | ei luvanne | |||
1st plural | luvannemma | emmä luvanne | |||
2nd plural | luvannetta | että luvanne | |||
3rd plural | luvannoot | evät luvanne, ei luvattane | |||
impersonal | luvattannoo | ei luvattane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | luvata | present | luppaava | luvattava | |
2nd | inessive | luvatees | past | luvant, luvannut | luvattu |
instructive | luvaten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (luvatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | luppaamaa | |||
inessive | luppaamaas | ||||
elative | luppaamast | ||||
abessive | luppaamata | ||||
4th | nominative | luppaamiin | |||
partitive | luppaamista, luppaamist |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 281
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- Finnish terms suffixed with -ta (causative)
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