Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)tewp-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Extended from *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”).

Root

*(s)tewp-^[1]^[2]^[3]

to push, to stick

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)tewp- (6 c, 0 e)

*(s)téwp-e-ti ~ *(s)téwp-o-nti (simple thematic present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(s)táwpati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(s)táwpati
    - Sanskrit: तोपति (tópati)
  - Proto-Iranian: *stáwpatī
    - Middle Persian: stwbynytn' (/⁠stōwēnīdan⁠/, “to defeat”)^[4]
*(s)tup-yé-ti ~ *(s)tup-yó-nti (zero-grade ye-present)
- Proto-Albanian:
  - ⇒ Albanian: përtyp (“to chew”), shtyp (“to press”)
- Proto-Hellenic: *túpťō
  - Ancient Greek: τύπτω (túptō)
*(s)tup-eh₁-(ye)- (stative)
- Proto-Italic: *stupēō
  - Latin: stupeō (see there for further descendants)
*(s)tup-néh₂-ti
- >? Proto-Germanic: *stuppōną (“to stop, close; to stop up, plug, stuff”)
  - Proto-West Germanic: *stoppōn (see there for further descendants)
    - ⇒? *stuppijan (see there for further descendants)
*(s)tup-ró-s
- Proto-Italic: *stupros (“struck, hit > dishonoured”)
  - ⇒ Latin: stuprum (“dishonour”, noun) (see there for further descendants)
*(s)tup-os
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: τύπος (túpos)
*(s)tup-os ~ *(s)tup-es-
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: στύπος (stúpos)
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - Proto-Slavic: *tъpati
    - Old Church Slavonic: тъпати (tŭpati)
- >? Proto-Germanic: *staupaz (“steep”) (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Germanic: *steupa- (“step-”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: δοῦπος (doûpos), ἐρίγδουπος (erígdoupos)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Middle Persian: stwb' (/⁠stō⁠/, “distressed, defeated”)^[4]
    - Classical Persian: ستوه (sutōh, “struck by strong negative emotion”)

References

^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*(s)teu̯p-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 602-603
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*staup”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 367
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 77

[1] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*(s)teu̯p-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 602-603

[2] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*staup”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 367

[3] Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag

[Mackenzie-4] 4.0 ^4.1 MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 77

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