法度

Chinese

		law; method; way law; method; way; Buddhist teaching; Legalist; France (abbrev.)	capacity; degree; standard
simp. and trad. (法度)		法	度

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fǎdù

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄚˇ ㄉㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faat³ dou⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fap-thu

  (Hailu, HRS): fab tu^˖

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hah⁶ dou⁵
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hoat-tō͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fǎdù
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄚˇ ㄉㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fǎdù
    • Wade–Giles: fa³-tu⁴
    • Yale: fǎ-dù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: faaduh
    • Palladius: фаду (fadu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: faat³ dou⁶
    • Yale: faat douh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faat⁸ dou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: fad³ dou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːt̚³ tou̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fap-thu
    • Hakka Romanization System: fab^ˋ tu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fab⁵ tu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fap̚² tʰu⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: fab tu^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /fap⁵⁻² tʰu³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hah⁶ dou⁵ [Phonetic: hah⁴ dou⁵]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haʔ¹⁻⁴² tɔu²¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hah⁶ dou⁵ [Phonetic: hah⁷ dou⁵]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haʔ²⁻²⁴ tɔu²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoat-tō͘
    • Tâi-lô: huat-tōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoatdo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /huat̚³²⁻⁴ tɔ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /huat̚³²⁻⁵ tɔ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /huat̚³²⁻⁴ tɔ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /huat̚³²⁻⁴ tɔ³³/

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• Middle Chinese: pjop duH

Rime
Character	法	度
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	乏 (148)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	方乏切	徒故切
Baxter	pjop	duH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨɐp̚/	/duoH/
Pan Wuyun	/piɐp̚/	/duoH/
Shao Rongfen	/piɐp̚/	/doH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puap̚/	/dɔH/
Li Rong	/piɐp̚/	/doH/
Wang Li	/pĭwɐp̚/	/duH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯wɐp̚/	/dʱuoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fa	dù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faat3	dou6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[p.k]ap  [d]ˤak-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pqab  daːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	法	度
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fǎ	dù
Middle Chinese	‹ pjop ›	‹ duH ›
Old Chinese	/*[p.k]ap/	/*[d]ˁak-s/
English	model, law	measure (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	法	度
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	2867	11902
Phonetic component	法	庶
Rime group	盍	暮
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	法	渡
Old Chinese	/*pqab/	/*daːɡs/
Notes	說文灋省文	說文庶省聲，實亦石聲

Noun

法度

1. rule; law
2. norm; standard
3. (Hokkien, Puxian Min, Taiwanese Hakka) way; method

   這項代誌我嘛無法度。 [Hokkien, trad.]
   这项代志我嘛无法度。 [Hokkien, simp.]

   Chit hāng tāi-chì góa mā bô hoat-tō͘. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

   [If] it [happens this way, then] I have no way [to change it]/[to help you].

Synonyms

• (rule):

edit

• 例 (lì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 則度／则度 (zédù) (literary)
• 守則／守则 (shǒuzé)
• 方案 (fāng'àn)
• 條例／条例 (tiáolì)
• 條規／条规 (tiáoguī)
• 程度 (chéngdù) (archaic)
• 紀綱／纪纲 (jìgāng) (literary)
• 綱目／纲目 (gāngmù) (Classical Chinese)
• 繩墨／绳墨 (shéngmò) (figurative)
• 規／规 (literary, or in compounds)
• 規則／规则 (guīzé)
• 規定／规定 (guīdìng)
• 規條／规条 (guītiáo)
• 規準／规准 (guīzhǔn) (literary)
• 規矩／规矩 (guījǔ)

 

• (norm):

edit

• 判準／判准 (pànzhǔn)
• 基準／基准 (jīzhǔn)
• 尺寸 (chǐcùn)
• 尺度 (chǐdù)
• 尺碼／尺码 (chǐmǎ)
• 平臺／平台 (píngtái)
• 度程 (dùchéng) (literary)
• 式 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 格 (gé) (literary, or in compounds)
• 格式 (géshì)
• 標準／标准 (biāozhǔn)
• 水準／水准 (shuǐzhǔn)
• 準則／准则 (zhǔnzé)
• 準繩／准绳 (zhǔnshéng)
• 規格／规格 (guīgé)
• 規範／规范 (guīfàn)
• 道揆 (dàokuí) (Classical Chinese)

 

• (way):

edit

• 主意
• 作法 (zuòfǎ)
• 做法 (zuòfǎ)
• 卯竅／卯窍 (mao³ qiao⁴) (Sichuanese)
• 套套 (tau³ tau^3-2) (Jin, colloquial)
• 對策／对策 (duìcè)
• 工具 (gōngjù) (figurative)
• 手段 (shǒuduàn)
• 措施 (cuòshī)
• 方式 (fāngshì)
• 方法 (fāngfǎ)
• 法子 (colloquial)
• 渠道 (qúdào)
• 竅門／窍门 (qiàomén)
• 竅門兒／窍门儿 (qiàoménr)
• 管道 (guǎndào) (figurative, especially of communication)
• 行法 (xíngfǎ) (literary)
• 訣竅／诀窍 (juéqiào)
• 訣要／诀要 (juéyào)
• 路子 (lùzi)
• 路徑／路径 (lùjìng)
• 蹊徑／蹊径 (xījìng) (literary, figurative)
• 辦法／办法 (bànfǎ)
• 途徑／途径 (tújìng)
• 進路／进路 (jìnlù)
• 道理 (dàolǐ)
• 道術／道术 (dàoshù) (literary)
• 道道 (dau³ dau^3-2) (Jin)
• 門徑／门径 (ménjìng)
• 門路／门路 (ménlù)
• 門道／门道 (méndao)
• 門頭／门头 (méntóu) (literary, figurative)
• 頭路／头路 (tóulù) (colloquial)

 

Derived terms

• 無法度／无法度

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (法度):

• → Japanese: 法(はっ)度(と) (hatto)
• → Korean: 법도(法度) (beopdo)

See also

• 法律 (fǎlǜ)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
法	度
ほう > はっ Grade: 4	と Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) はっと [háꜜttò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) はっと [hàttó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ha̠t̚to̞]

Noun

法(はっ)度(と) • (hatto) 

1. law

   武(ぶ)家(け)諸(しょ)法(はっ)度(と)

   bukeshohatto

   basic law of feudal lords

2. forbidden acts; banned acts; prohibited acts

   職(しょく)場(ば)恋(れん)愛(あい)は法(はっ)度(と)

   shokuba ren'ai wa hatto

   workplace romance is forbidden

Synonyms

• ご法(はっ)度(と) (go-hatto)

See also

• 駄(だ)目(め) (dame)
• 禁(きん)止(し) (kinshi, “forbiddance, ban, prohibition”)