árpa

See also: arpa, ARPA, arpã, and .arpa

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries), from Proto-Turkic *arpa. The sense “bacterial infection of the eye” is perhaps a calque of scientific Latin hordeolum (“stye”), from Latin hordeolus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈaːrpɒ]
• Hyphenation: ár‧pa
• Rhymes: -pɒ

Noun

árpa (plural árpák)

1. barley
2. (pathology) stye, hordeolum (a bacterial infection in the eyelash or eyelid)

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	árpa	árpák
accusative	árpát	árpákat
dative	árpának	árpáknak
instrumental	árpával	árpákkal
causal-final	árpáért	árpákért
translative	árpává	árpákká
terminative	árpáig	árpákig
essive-formal	árpaként	árpákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	árpában	árpákban
superessive	árpán	árpákon
adessive	árpánál	árpáknál
illative	árpába	árpákba
sublative	árpára	árpákra
allative	árpához	árpákhoz
elative	árpából	árpákból
delative	árpáról	árpákról
ablative	árpától	árpáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	árpáé	árpáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	árpáéi	árpákéi

Possessive forms of árpa
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	árpám	árpáim
2nd person sing.	árpád	árpáid
3rd person sing.	árpája	árpái
1st person plural	árpánk	árpáink
2nd person plural	árpátok	árpáitok
3rd person plural	árpájuk	árpáik

Derived terms

• Árpád

 

Compound words

• árpacukor
• árpakása

 

Further reading

• árpa in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• árpa in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Northern Sami

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Related to Finnish arpi.

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈaːrːpa/

Noun

árpa

1. scar

Inflection

Even a-stem, rp-rpp gradation
Nominative	árpa
Genitive	árppa
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	árpa	árppat
Accusative	árppa	árppaid
Genitive	árppa	árppaid
Illative	árpii	árppaide
Locative	árppas	árppain
Comitative	árppain	árppaiguin
Essive	árpan
Possessive forms Singular Dual Plural 1st person árpan árpame árpamet 2nd person árpat árpade árpadet 3rd person árpas árpaska árpaset

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[1], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Romani

Noun

árpa f

1. harp

Derived terms

• arpáika
• arpári