Bayswater Synagogue was an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue located in Chichester Place, Paddington, in the City of Westminster, London, England, in the United Kingdom.[1] The congregation worshipped in the Ashkenazi rite.
| Bayswater Synagogue | |
|---|---|
 The former synagogue building | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Orthodox Judaism (former) |
| Rite | Nusach Ashkenaz |
| Ecclesiastical or organisational status | Synagogue (1863–1965) |
| Status | Closed; and demolished |
| Location | |
| Location | Chichester Place, Paddington, City of Westminster, London, England |
| Country | United Kingdom |
  Location of the former synagogue in the City of Westminster | |
| Geographic coordinates | 51°31′11″N 0°11′14″W / 51.519834°N 0.187235°W |
| Architecture | |
| Date established | 1860s (as a congregation) |
| Completed | 1863 |
| Demolished | 1965 |
| Materials | Brick |
Built in 1863, as a branch synagogue jointly of the Great Synagogue and the New Synagogue, it was one of the original five synagogues that formed the United Synagogue in 1870.[2][3] The building was demolished in 1965 for construction of the Westway overpass and the Warwick Estate redevelopment.
History
editFrom about 1820, many Jewish families had joined the westward expansion of London, placing them at an inconvenient distance from established synagogues whose wardens ("the Jewish City Fathers") required them to attend, even to the exclusion of private worship. Agitation commenced for a new synagogue, and "endless negative negotiations ensued between those who had moved into the Bayswater area and the authorities of the City synagogues." Support was gained from Chief Rabbi Nathan Marcus Adler and, after orderly formal proceedings, the Chichester Road site was selected and the foundation stone laid on 10 July 1862. On 21 February 1863 The Illustrated London News published an article on the new synagogue and, on 30 July 1863, the building was consecrated by the Chief Rabbi.[4]: pp.2–4
WWII bombing
editDuring the Blitz of World War II, the board-room was destroyed by Luftwaffe bombing, with the loss of a portrait gallery of 19th-century communal leaders.[4]: p.4 On the same night (10 May 1941), both London's Great Synagogue and the 1870 Central Synagogue[5] were also destroyed.
Notable rabbis
edit- Dr Hermann Adler CVO, from 1864 to 1891; later served as Chief Rabbi of the UK
- Raymond Apple AO, from 1960 until its closure in 1965[6][7]
- Sir Hermann Gollancz, from 1892 to 1922
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "Bayswater Synagogue". Jewish Communities & Records-UK. JewishGen and the Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain. March 2013.
- ^ Jewish United Synagogue legislation, 1870 page 2
- ^ The New Synagogue at JCR-UK, March 2013
- ^ a b Phillips, Olga Somech; Simons, Hyman A. The Bayswater Synagogue 1863–1963, London 1963
- ^ The Central Synagogue – a brief history at Central Synagogue London official website
- ^ Apple, Raymond (Rabbi) (28 December 1984). "End of an era at Bayswater". The Jewish Chronicle.
- ^ Apple, Raymond (Rabbi) (8 May 1965). "Valedictory Sermon – Bayswater Synagogue" – via OzTorah.
External links
edit- Bayswater Synagogue at AIM25 Archives collection, March 2010
- Baker T. F. T.; Bolton, Diane K.; Croot, Patricia E. C. (1989). "Paddington: Judaism". In Elrington C. R. (ed.). A History of the County of Middlesex: Hampstead, Paddington. Vol. 9. Institute of Historical Research. pp. 264–265. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
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