This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (February 2021) |
Ĵ or ĵ (J circumflex) is a letter in Esperanto orthography representing the sound [ʒ].[1]
J with circumflex | |
---|---|
Ĵ ĵ Jh jh Jx jx | |
Usage | |
Writing system | Latin script |
Type | Alphabet |
Language of origin | Esperanto language |
Sound values | [ʒ] |
In Unicode | U+0134 U+0135 |
Alphabetical position | 14 |
History | |
Development | |
Time period | 1887 to present |
Other | |
Writing direction | Left-to-right |
While Esperanto orthography uses a diacritic for its four postalveolar consonants, as do the Latin-based Slavic alphabets, the base letters are Romano-Germanic. Ĵ is based on the French pronunciation of the letter j to better preserve the shape of borrowings from that language (such as ĵurnalo from journal) than Slavic ž would.
Ĵ is the fourteenth letter in Esperanto orthography. Although it is written as jx and jh respectively in the x-system and h-system workarounds, it is normally written as J with a circumflex: ĵ.
Ĵ is used in the Persian Latin (Rumi) alphabet, equivalent to ژ.[citation needed]
Usage
editIn mathematics
edit- The letter ĵ is often used to denote a unit vector in mathematics and physics for representing y-vector.
Character mappings
editPreview | Ĵ | ĵ | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J WITH CIRCUMFLEX | LATIN SMALL LETTER J WITH CIRCUMFLEX | ||
Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
Unicode | 308 | U+0134 | 309 | U+0135 |
UTF-8 | 196 180 | C4 B4 | 196 181 | C4 B5 |
Numeric character reference | Ĵ |
Ĵ |
ĵ |
ĵ |
Named character reference | Ĵ | ĵ |