<p>The variation of the PBDE composition was summarized by means of a principal component a... more <p>The variation of the PBDE composition was summarized by means of a principal component analysis (PCA) using the Hellinger distance <a href="https://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0041829#pone.0041829-Legendre1" target="_blank">[63]</a>. Biplots of the first two principal components (A) and the second and third (B) are shown. Symbols refer to each sample analyzed and vary to show the corresponding trophic level (color) and taxonomic position (shape) as indicated in the legend. With a few exceptions primary and secondary consumers are discriminated between them.</p
<p>Mean and standard deviation are indicated, if more than one sample was available. The co... more <p>Mean and standard deviation are indicated, if more than one sample was available. The complete list of measured values is provided as <a href="https://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0041829#pone.0041829.s001" target="_blank">Table S1</a>. Bar colors correspond to basal resources (green), primary consumers (yellow), secondary consumers (red), and fish (blue). Error bars correspond to standard deviation of the whole number of samples analyzed for a given species or assemblage.</p
We analyzed the presence of endocrine disruptors in fish from 10 European mountain lakes, spannin... more We analyzed the presence of endocrine disruptors in fish from 10 European mountain lakes, spanning from Norway to Bulgaria and Spain. Organic components from total of 55 fish muscle samples were extracted using a protocol that eliminates natural hormones and analyzed for estrogenic activity with a designed version of the Recombinant Yeast Assay. We combined these data with a GC-MS analysis of the organic contaminants present in muscle and liver from the same animals. Both highlyand low-estrogenic samples were found in most lakes studied; the lakes showing the highest proportion of highly estrogenic samples were Velke Hinçovo in the Tatra mountains (Slovakia) and Redo in the Pyrenees (Spain). Endocrine disruption activity was strongly correlated with fish age, as well as with the concentration, in muscle and/or in liver, of several organochlorine compounds, like pp'-DDE, HCHs, and high-number PCBs. The data provided evidence for bioaccumulation of endocrine disruptors, and for a ...
One of the key actions identified by the Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC) is to develo... more One of the key actions identified by the Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC) is to develop ecological assessment tools and carry out a European intercalibration (IC) exercise. The aim of the Intercalibration is to ensure that the values assigned by each Member State to the good ecological class boundaries are consistent with the Directive’s generic description of these boundaries and comparable to the boundaries proposed by other MS. In total, 83 lake assessment methods were submitted for the 2nd phase of the WFD intercalibration (2008-2012) and 62 intercalibrated and included in the EC Decision on Intercalibration (EC 2013). The intercalibration was carried out in the 13 Lake Geographical Intercalibration Groups according to the ecoregion and biological quality element. In this report we describe how the intercalibration exercise has been carried out in the Central Baltic Lake Phytoplankton IC group.
... Author(s): Marchetto, A.; Rogora, M.; Boggero, A.; Musazzi, S.; Lami, A.; Lotter, A.; Tolotti... more ... Author(s): Marchetto, A.; Rogora, M.; Boggero, A.; Musazzi, S.; Lami, A.; Lotter, A.; Tolotti, M.; Thies, H.; Psenner, R.; Massaferro, J.; Barbieri, A. Affiliation FEM: Research and Innovation Centre. ... Citation: Marchetto, A., Rogora, M., Boggero, A., Musazzi, S., Lami, A., Lotter, A., et al. ...
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Jun 1, 2005
Levels, distribution, possible sources and potential risks of 16 USEPA priority polycyclic aromat... more Levels, distribution, possible sources and potential risks of 16 USEPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated comprehensively in frequently consumed seafood species collected from the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Samples were collected in winter and summer, 2015. The total concentration of PAHs (P PAHs) in the examined seafood was 184.5-2806.6 ng/g wet weight (ww) in winter and 117.9-4216.8 ng/g ww in summer, respectively. The levels of P PAHs were comparable to or higher than those reported from other coastal areas. Seasonal variation was not significant for the majority of the monitored PAHs. Spatial distribution revealed that the seafood collected from areas with recent urbanization and industrialization (Chittagong, Cox's Bazar and Sundarbans) was more contaminated with PAHs than those from the unindustrialized area (Meghna Estuary). Low-molecular-weight isomers dominated the PAH composition. Molecular ratios suggested the abundance of mixed sources of PAHs in the Bangladeshi coastal areas with a slight imposition toward the petrogenic origin. A preliminary evaluation of human health risk indicated that the dietary PAH exposure from consumption of Bangladeshi seafood would certainly induce adverse health effects. This finding suggests the need to enhance risk management regarding seafood consumption through public advisory in Bangladesh.
This paper makes a deep analysis on PL control mode and static water level control mode, which co... more This paper makes a deep analysis on PL control mode and static water level control mode, which could control operation parameters more conveniently and ensure safety and stability of hydropower water conveyance system. Considering the physical circumstance of monitoring parameters of the air chamber, the mathematic model of air chamber is built. On the basis of two basic criteria which are the maximum pressure at the end of spiral case and the down surge of the air chamber in hydraulic transient process, one hydropower station with air chamber is taken as an example. Determined by the effects of the upper reservoir water level on monitoring parameters, the allowable ranges of PL and air height could be consulted to control actuating and impeding the air compressor and the exhaust valve in an appropriate way. It is put forward that the maximum (minimum) product of the pressure and air height under dynamic initial condition, the maximum (minimum) air height under dynamic initial condition and static initial condition are determined by the criteria of down surge in the air chamber with large volume air (the criteria of the maximum pressure at the end of the spiral case with small volume air).
Aiming to elucidate whether large-scale dispersal factors or environmental species sorting prevai... more Aiming to elucidate whether large-scale dispersal factors or environmental species sorting prevail in determining patterns of Trichoptera species composition in mountain lakes, we analyzed the distribution and assembly of the most common Trichoptera (Plectrocnemia laetabilis, Polycentropus flavomaculatus, Drusus rectus, Annitella pyrenaea, and Mystacides azurea) in the mountain lakes of the Pyrenees (Spain, France, Andorra) based on a survey of 82 lakes covering the geographical and environmental extremes of the lake district. Spatial autocorrelation in species composition was determined using Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM). Redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to explore the influence of MEM variables and in-lake, and catchment environmental variables on Trichoptera assemblages. Variance partitioning analysis (partial RDA) revealed the fraction of species composition variation that could be attributed uniquely to either environmental variability or MEM variables. Finally, the distribution of individual species was analyzed in relation to specific environmental factors using binomial generalized linear models (GLM). Trichoptera assemblages showed spatial structure. However, the most relevant environmental variables in the RDA (i.e., temperature and woody vegetation in-lake catchments) were also related with spatial variables (i.e., altitude and longitude). Partial RDA revealed that the fraction of variation in species composition that was uniquely explained by environmental variability was larger than that uniquely explained by MEM variables. GLM results showed that the distribution of species with longitudinal bias is related to specific environmental factors with geographical trend. The environmental dependence found agrees with the particular traits of each species. We conclude that Trichoptera species distribution and composition in the lakes of the Pyrenees are governed predominantly by local environmental factors, rather than by dispersal constraints. For boreal lakes, with similar environmental conditions, a strong role of dispersal capacity has been suggested. Further investigation should address the role of spatial scaling, namely absolute geographical distances constraining dispersal and steepness of environmental gradients at short distances.
This paper introduces the results of an integrated project designed to compare high resolution an... more This paper introduces the results of an integrated project designed to compare high resolution analysis of proxy records of climate change in the sediments of seven mountain lakes across Europe with reconstructed instrumental records of climate change over the last 200 years. Palaeolimnological methods used include radiometric dating (210Pb, 137 Cs), mineral magnetics, dry weight, loss-on-ignition, carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, pigments,
Polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed in bulk atmospheric deposition collected in four E... more Polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed in bulk atmospheric deposition collected in four European remote mountain areas over a period of two years
The effect of solar UVB radiation on the growth and species composition of phytoplankton from a h... more The effect of solar UVB radiation on the growth and species composition of phytoplankton from a high-mountain lake (2417 m a.s.l.) was studied in situ for 16 days in two enclosures of 1 m-\ receiving either full sunlight or sunlight without UVB. A total of 20 species were identified in both enclosures, consisting mainly of dinoflagellates, chrysophytes and diatoms. During the experiment, there were no significant differences in phytoplankton species composition between the two enclosures. In both treatments, the abundance of phytoplankton increased continuously, and chlorophyll a changed by-5-fold. We observed high fluctuations in the abundance of several species. However, these fluctuations occurred in both enclosures, and hence they were not related to UVB radiation. Some species were affected by daily fluctuations of radiation (UVA + photosynthetically active radiation). Cyclotella aff. gordonensis showed a robust positive correlation, whereas species of Gymnodimum were negatively correlated. For most species, the sensitivity to radiation found during the experiment was consistent with their diurnal vertical distribution in the lake. Our findings suggest that the phytoplankton from this very clear lake (10% of the surface UVB radiation at 305 nm reached 9.6 m depth) were well adapted to the high UVB radiation characteristic of high-elevation sites.
Over recent decades, palaeolimnological records from remote sites have provided convincing eviden... more Over recent decades, palaeolimnological records from remote sites have provided convincing evidence for the onset and development of several facets of global environmental change. Remote lakes, defined here as those occurring in high latitude or high altitude regions, have the advantage of not being overprinted by local anthropogenic processes. As such, many of these sites record broad-scale environmental changes, frequently driven by regime shifts in the Earth system. Here, we review a selection of studies from North America and Europe and discuss their broader implications. The history of investigation has evolved synchronously with the scope and awareness of environmental problems. An initial focus on acid deposition switched to metal and other types of pollutants, then climate change and eventually to atmospheric deposition-fertilising effects. However, none of these topics is independent of the other, and all of them affect ecosystem function and biodiversity in profound ways. Currently, remote lake palaeolimnology is developing unique datasets for each region investigated that benchmark current trends with A celebration of Prof. Rick Battarbee's contributions to palaeolimnology, edited by Holmes et al. This paper has been written as a contribution to celebrating Rick Battarbee's influence on palaeolimnology. Some of us have benefitted from his leadership (and friendship) in transnational European projects during the last decade (e.g., ALPE, ALPE2, MOLAR, CHILL-10000, EMERGE, EUROLIMPACS), which together with some other initiatives spawned pan-European remote lake research. Others have respected Rick as a teacher, colleague and a friend. To some extent, this review follows the chronological order of topics addressed in these projects, which also respond to the growing social awareness about each issue. Rick also facilitated bridges between North American and European schools, and beyond. We expect his attitude towards collaboration will pervade and persist through the palaeolimnological community for years to come, and global change will certainly provide stimulating and challenging questions with which to do so.
Phytoplankton constitutes a diverse array of short-lived organisms which derive their nutrients f... more Phytoplankton constitutes a diverse array of short-lived organisms which derive their nutrients from the water column of lakes. These features make this community the most direct and earliest indicator of the impacts of changing nutrient conditions on lake ecosystems. It also makes them particularly suitable for measuring the success of restoration measures following reductions in nutrient loads. This paper
Trout in high mountain lakes display age-dependent accumulation of certain organochlorine polluta... more Trout in high mountain lakes display age-dependent accumulation of certain organochlorine pollutants.
High mountain lakes are sensitive to environmental change and the effects of air pollution and la... more High mountain lakes are sensitive to environmental change and the effects of air pollution and lake acidification have been recorded in many countries. The EU funded EMERGE programme included a pan-European assessment of the extent of acidification in mountain lakes located above the tree-line. A static critical loads model, the First-order Acidity Balance (FAB) model, was used to assess (1) the extent of critical load exceedance in 300 lakes in nine European lake districts and (2) the relative importance of sulphur and nitrogen deposition in contributing to acidification. The regional sensitivity of FAB to the choice of critical acid neutralising capacity (ANC: 0 or 20 meq L-1) was explored. With a critical ANC value of 0 meq L-1 only four lake districts had sites showing exceedance of critical loads; Piedmont Aquat. Sci.
El informe &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;Clima en Esp... more El informe &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;Clima en España: Pasado, presente y futuro&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; elaborado por los investigadores de la red temática CLIVAR-España se presentó el pasado 12 de Abril de 2010 en Madrid, en un acto oficiado por la secretaria de Estado de Cambio Climático, Teresa Ribera. Este ...
<p>The variation of the PBDE composition was summarized by means of a principal component a... more <p>The variation of the PBDE composition was summarized by means of a principal component analysis (PCA) using the Hellinger distance <a href="https://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0041829#pone.0041829-Legendre1" target="_blank">[63]</a>. Biplots of the first two principal components (A) and the second and third (B) are shown. Symbols refer to each sample analyzed and vary to show the corresponding trophic level (color) and taxonomic position (shape) as indicated in the legend. With a few exceptions primary and secondary consumers are discriminated between them.</p
<p>Mean and standard deviation are indicated, if more than one sample was available. The co... more <p>Mean and standard deviation are indicated, if more than one sample was available. The complete list of measured values is provided as <a href="https://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0041829#pone.0041829.s001" target="_blank">Table S1</a>. Bar colors correspond to basal resources (green), primary consumers (yellow), secondary consumers (red), and fish (blue). Error bars correspond to standard deviation of the whole number of samples analyzed for a given species or assemblage.</p
We analyzed the presence of endocrine disruptors in fish from 10 European mountain lakes, spannin... more We analyzed the presence of endocrine disruptors in fish from 10 European mountain lakes, spanning from Norway to Bulgaria and Spain. Organic components from total of 55 fish muscle samples were extracted using a protocol that eliminates natural hormones and analyzed for estrogenic activity with a designed version of the Recombinant Yeast Assay. We combined these data with a GC-MS analysis of the organic contaminants present in muscle and liver from the same animals. Both highlyand low-estrogenic samples were found in most lakes studied; the lakes showing the highest proportion of highly estrogenic samples were Velke Hinçovo in the Tatra mountains (Slovakia) and Redo in the Pyrenees (Spain). Endocrine disruption activity was strongly correlated with fish age, as well as with the concentration, in muscle and/or in liver, of several organochlorine compounds, like pp'-DDE, HCHs, and high-number PCBs. The data provided evidence for bioaccumulation of endocrine disruptors, and for a ...
One of the key actions identified by the Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC) is to develo... more One of the key actions identified by the Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC) is to develop ecological assessment tools and carry out a European intercalibration (IC) exercise. The aim of the Intercalibration is to ensure that the values assigned by each Member State to the good ecological class boundaries are consistent with the Directive’s generic description of these boundaries and comparable to the boundaries proposed by other MS. In total, 83 lake assessment methods were submitted for the 2nd phase of the WFD intercalibration (2008-2012) and 62 intercalibrated and included in the EC Decision on Intercalibration (EC 2013). The intercalibration was carried out in the 13 Lake Geographical Intercalibration Groups according to the ecoregion and biological quality element. In this report we describe how the intercalibration exercise has been carried out in the Central Baltic Lake Phytoplankton IC group.
... Author(s): Marchetto, A.; Rogora, M.; Boggero, A.; Musazzi, S.; Lami, A.; Lotter, A.; Tolotti... more ... Author(s): Marchetto, A.; Rogora, M.; Boggero, A.; Musazzi, S.; Lami, A.; Lotter, A.; Tolotti, M.; Thies, H.; Psenner, R.; Massaferro, J.; Barbieri, A. Affiliation FEM: Research and Innovation Centre. ... Citation: Marchetto, A., Rogora, M., Boggero, A., Musazzi, S., Lami, A., Lotter, A., et al. ...
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Jun 1, 2005
Levels, distribution, possible sources and potential risks of 16 USEPA priority polycyclic aromat... more Levels, distribution, possible sources and potential risks of 16 USEPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated comprehensively in frequently consumed seafood species collected from the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Samples were collected in winter and summer, 2015. The total concentration of PAHs (P PAHs) in the examined seafood was 184.5-2806.6 ng/g wet weight (ww) in winter and 117.9-4216.8 ng/g ww in summer, respectively. The levels of P PAHs were comparable to or higher than those reported from other coastal areas. Seasonal variation was not significant for the majority of the monitored PAHs. Spatial distribution revealed that the seafood collected from areas with recent urbanization and industrialization (Chittagong, Cox's Bazar and Sundarbans) was more contaminated with PAHs than those from the unindustrialized area (Meghna Estuary). Low-molecular-weight isomers dominated the PAH composition. Molecular ratios suggested the abundance of mixed sources of PAHs in the Bangladeshi coastal areas with a slight imposition toward the petrogenic origin. A preliminary evaluation of human health risk indicated that the dietary PAH exposure from consumption of Bangladeshi seafood would certainly induce adverse health effects. This finding suggests the need to enhance risk management regarding seafood consumption through public advisory in Bangladesh.
This paper makes a deep analysis on PL control mode and static water level control mode, which co... more This paper makes a deep analysis on PL control mode and static water level control mode, which could control operation parameters more conveniently and ensure safety and stability of hydropower water conveyance system. Considering the physical circumstance of monitoring parameters of the air chamber, the mathematic model of air chamber is built. On the basis of two basic criteria which are the maximum pressure at the end of spiral case and the down surge of the air chamber in hydraulic transient process, one hydropower station with air chamber is taken as an example. Determined by the effects of the upper reservoir water level on monitoring parameters, the allowable ranges of PL and air height could be consulted to control actuating and impeding the air compressor and the exhaust valve in an appropriate way. It is put forward that the maximum (minimum) product of the pressure and air height under dynamic initial condition, the maximum (minimum) air height under dynamic initial condition and static initial condition are determined by the criteria of down surge in the air chamber with large volume air (the criteria of the maximum pressure at the end of the spiral case with small volume air).
Aiming to elucidate whether large-scale dispersal factors or environmental species sorting prevai... more Aiming to elucidate whether large-scale dispersal factors or environmental species sorting prevail in determining patterns of Trichoptera species composition in mountain lakes, we analyzed the distribution and assembly of the most common Trichoptera (Plectrocnemia laetabilis, Polycentropus flavomaculatus, Drusus rectus, Annitella pyrenaea, and Mystacides azurea) in the mountain lakes of the Pyrenees (Spain, France, Andorra) based on a survey of 82 lakes covering the geographical and environmental extremes of the lake district. Spatial autocorrelation in species composition was determined using Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM). Redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to explore the influence of MEM variables and in-lake, and catchment environmental variables on Trichoptera assemblages. Variance partitioning analysis (partial RDA) revealed the fraction of species composition variation that could be attributed uniquely to either environmental variability or MEM variables. Finally, the distribution of individual species was analyzed in relation to specific environmental factors using binomial generalized linear models (GLM). Trichoptera assemblages showed spatial structure. However, the most relevant environmental variables in the RDA (i.e., temperature and woody vegetation in-lake catchments) were also related with spatial variables (i.e., altitude and longitude). Partial RDA revealed that the fraction of variation in species composition that was uniquely explained by environmental variability was larger than that uniquely explained by MEM variables. GLM results showed that the distribution of species with longitudinal bias is related to specific environmental factors with geographical trend. The environmental dependence found agrees with the particular traits of each species. We conclude that Trichoptera species distribution and composition in the lakes of the Pyrenees are governed predominantly by local environmental factors, rather than by dispersal constraints. For boreal lakes, with similar environmental conditions, a strong role of dispersal capacity has been suggested. Further investigation should address the role of spatial scaling, namely absolute geographical distances constraining dispersal and steepness of environmental gradients at short distances.
This paper introduces the results of an integrated project designed to compare high resolution an... more This paper introduces the results of an integrated project designed to compare high resolution analysis of proxy records of climate change in the sediments of seven mountain lakes across Europe with reconstructed instrumental records of climate change over the last 200 years. Palaeolimnological methods used include radiometric dating (210Pb, 137 Cs), mineral magnetics, dry weight, loss-on-ignition, carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, pigments,
Polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed in bulk atmospheric deposition collected in four E... more Polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed in bulk atmospheric deposition collected in four European remote mountain areas over a period of two years
The effect of solar UVB radiation on the growth and species composition of phytoplankton from a h... more The effect of solar UVB radiation on the growth and species composition of phytoplankton from a high-mountain lake (2417 m a.s.l.) was studied in situ for 16 days in two enclosures of 1 m-\ receiving either full sunlight or sunlight without UVB. A total of 20 species were identified in both enclosures, consisting mainly of dinoflagellates, chrysophytes and diatoms. During the experiment, there were no significant differences in phytoplankton species composition between the two enclosures. In both treatments, the abundance of phytoplankton increased continuously, and chlorophyll a changed by-5-fold. We observed high fluctuations in the abundance of several species. However, these fluctuations occurred in both enclosures, and hence they were not related to UVB radiation. Some species were affected by daily fluctuations of radiation (UVA + photosynthetically active radiation). Cyclotella aff. gordonensis showed a robust positive correlation, whereas species of Gymnodimum were negatively correlated. For most species, the sensitivity to radiation found during the experiment was consistent with their diurnal vertical distribution in the lake. Our findings suggest that the phytoplankton from this very clear lake (10% of the surface UVB radiation at 305 nm reached 9.6 m depth) were well adapted to the high UVB radiation characteristic of high-elevation sites.
Over recent decades, palaeolimnological records from remote sites have provided convincing eviden... more Over recent decades, palaeolimnological records from remote sites have provided convincing evidence for the onset and development of several facets of global environmental change. Remote lakes, defined here as those occurring in high latitude or high altitude regions, have the advantage of not being overprinted by local anthropogenic processes. As such, many of these sites record broad-scale environmental changes, frequently driven by regime shifts in the Earth system. Here, we review a selection of studies from North America and Europe and discuss their broader implications. The history of investigation has evolved synchronously with the scope and awareness of environmental problems. An initial focus on acid deposition switched to metal and other types of pollutants, then climate change and eventually to atmospheric deposition-fertilising effects. However, none of these topics is independent of the other, and all of them affect ecosystem function and biodiversity in profound ways. Currently, remote lake palaeolimnology is developing unique datasets for each region investigated that benchmark current trends with A celebration of Prof. Rick Battarbee's contributions to palaeolimnology, edited by Holmes et al. This paper has been written as a contribution to celebrating Rick Battarbee's influence on palaeolimnology. Some of us have benefitted from his leadership (and friendship) in transnational European projects during the last decade (e.g., ALPE, ALPE2, MOLAR, CHILL-10000, EMERGE, EUROLIMPACS), which together with some other initiatives spawned pan-European remote lake research. Others have respected Rick as a teacher, colleague and a friend. To some extent, this review follows the chronological order of topics addressed in these projects, which also respond to the growing social awareness about each issue. Rick also facilitated bridges between North American and European schools, and beyond. We expect his attitude towards collaboration will pervade and persist through the palaeolimnological community for years to come, and global change will certainly provide stimulating and challenging questions with which to do so.
Phytoplankton constitutes a diverse array of short-lived organisms which derive their nutrients f... more Phytoplankton constitutes a diverse array of short-lived organisms which derive their nutrients from the water column of lakes. These features make this community the most direct and earliest indicator of the impacts of changing nutrient conditions on lake ecosystems. It also makes them particularly suitable for measuring the success of restoration measures following reductions in nutrient loads. This paper
Trout in high mountain lakes display age-dependent accumulation of certain organochlorine polluta... more Trout in high mountain lakes display age-dependent accumulation of certain organochlorine pollutants.
High mountain lakes are sensitive to environmental change and the effects of air pollution and la... more High mountain lakes are sensitive to environmental change and the effects of air pollution and lake acidification have been recorded in many countries. The EU funded EMERGE programme included a pan-European assessment of the extent of acidification in mountain lakes located above the tree-line. A static critical loads model, the First-order Acidity Balance (FAB) model, was used to assess (1) the extent of critical load exceedance in 300 lakes in nine European lake districts and (2) the relative importance of sulphur and nitrogen deposition in contributing to acidification. The regional sensitivity of FAB to the choice of critical acid neutralising capacity (ANC: 0 or 20 meq L-1) was explored. With a critical ANC value of 0 meq L-1 only four lake districts had sites showing exceedance of critical loads; Piedmont Aquat. Sci.
El informe &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;Clima en Esp... more El informe &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;Clima en España: Pasado, presente y futuro&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; elaborado por los investigadores de la red temática CLIVAR-España se presentó el pasado 12 de Abril de 2010 en Madrid, en un acto oficiado por la secretaria de Estado de Cambio Climático, Teresa Ribera. Este ...
El paisaje vegetal del Parque Nacional de Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici es el resultado d... more El paisaje vegetal del Parque Nacional de Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici es el resultado de la interacción entre clima, dinámica propia de la vegetación y la ocupación humana del territorio. El proyecto OCUPA tuvo como objetivo reconstruir esta interacción a lo largo de los últimos milenios combinando métodos de paleoecología y arqueología. El estudio se centró principalmente en el valle de Sant Nicolau y se fundamentó en el análisis multidisciplinar del archivo sedimentario de los dos lagos (Llebreta y Redó) y una serie de yacimientos arqueológicos ubicados en refugios y al aire libre. Hay evidencia arqueológica de la presencia humana desde 9000 cal BP, y un registro continuo desde 7500 cal BP. En las primeras etapas, transformaron sólo el entorno inmediato de los refugios ocupados. Las herramientas líticas indican contactos con áreas tan lejanas como la llanura del Ebro. Desde hace más de 3.000 años, el impacto humano sobre la vegetación ha continuado sin interrupción hasta la actualidad. En un principio, los impactos estuvieron en su mayoría relacionados con la ganadería: uso del fuego 1 CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, [email protected]. 08028. 03 J CATALAN 11/9/13 21:12 Página 71 CATALAN, J. Y COLS.
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