Barbara Mikulski
Barbara Ann Mikulski (b. July 20, 1936, in Baltimore, MD) is a former Democratic member of the United States Senate representing Maryland. Mikulski served from 1987 to 2017.[1]
On March 2, 2015, Mikulski announced she would not seek re-election in 2016.[2]
Prior to her election in the Senate, Mikulski served as a member of the Baltimore city council.[1]
She previously was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1977 to 1987.[3]
Biography
Mikulski was born on July 20, 1936, in East Baltimore, MD. She earned her B.A. from Mt. Saint Agnes College (now a part of Loyola Maryland University) in 1958 and went on obtain her Master's from the University of Maryland School of Social Work in 1965. Mikulski worked as a social worker and college professor prior to her career in politics.[4]
Career
Below is an abbreviated version of Mikulski's political career:[4]
- 1987-2017: U.S. Senator from Maryland
- 1977-1987: U.S. House of Representatives
- 1971-1976: Baltimore City Council
Committee assignments
U.S. Senate
2015-2016
Mikulski served on the following Senate committees:[5]
- United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
- Appropriations Committee Ranking Member
- Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
- Subcommittee on Department of Defense
- Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencie
- Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs
- Subcommittee on Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies
- Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee
- Subcommittee on Children and Families
- Subcommittee on Primary Health and Retirement Security
2013-2014
Mikulski served on the following Senate committees:[6][7]
- Appropriations Committee
- Subcommittee on Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies
- Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs
- Subcommittee on Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies
- Subcommittee on Legislative Branch
- Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies
- Subcommittee on Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies
- Subcommittee on Department of Homeland
- Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government Members
- Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
- Subcommittee on Department of Defense
- Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
- Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies
- Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee
- Subcommittee on Primary Health and Aging
- Subcommittee on Children and Families
- Select Committee on Intelligence
2011-2012
Mikulski served on the following Senate committees:[8]
- Appropriations Committee
- Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee
- Select Committee on Intelligence
Key votes
114th Congress
The first session of the 114th Congress enacted into law six out of the 2,616 introduced bills (0.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 1.3 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the first session. In the second session, the 114th Congress enacted 133 out of 3,159 introduced bills (4.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 7.0 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.[9][10] The Senate confirmed 18,117 out of 21,815 executive nominations received (83 percent). For more information pertaining to Mikulski's voting record in the 114th Congress, please see the below sections.[11]
Economic and fiscal
Trade Act of 2015
On May 22, 2015, the Senate passed HR 1314, which was used as a legislative vehicle for trade legislation with the titles "Trade Act of 2015" and the "Bipartisan Congressional Trade Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015," by a vote of 62-37. The bill proposed giving the president trade promotion authority (TPA). TPA, also known as fast track authority, allows the president to negotiate trade deals that cannot be amended by Congress. Congress casts a simple up or down vote on a trade agreement, and the legislation only requires a simple majority for approval. The bill also included a statement of trade priorities and provisions for trade adjustment assistance. Mikulski voted with 30 other Democratic senators against the bill.[12][13]
Trade promotion authority
On June 24, 2015, by a vote of 60-38, the Senate approved trade promotion authority (TPA) as part of HR 2146 - Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act. Mikulski was one of 31 Democrats to vote against the bill. After, Senate Republican leadership honored a pledge to support trade adjustment assistance (TAA) by passing the measure as part of HR 1295 - Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015 by voice vote. The House passed HR 1295 the following day, on June 25, 2015, and both TPA and TAA were signed into law on June 29, 2015.[14][15][16]
2016 Budget proposal
On May 5, 2015, the Senate voted to approve SConRes11, a congressional budget proposal for fiscal year 2016, by a vote of 51-48. The non-binding resolution will be used to create 12 appropriations bills to fund the government before funding runs out on October 1, 2015. The vote marked the first time since 2009 that Congress approved a joint budget resolution. All 44 Democrats, including Mikulski, voted against the resolution.[17][18][19]
Defense spending authorization
On November 10, 2015, the Senate passed S 1356 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 by a vote of 91-3. The second version of the $607 billion national defense bill included "$5 billion in cuts to match what was approved in the budget" and language preventing the closure of the Guantanamo Bay military prison.[20][21] Mikulski voted with 41 Democrats, 48 Republicans and one independent in favor of the bill.[22] On November 5, 2015, the House passed the bill by a vote of 370-58, and President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 25, 2015.[23]
On June 18, 2015, the Senate passed HR 1735 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 by a vote of 71-25. The bill "authorizes FY2016 appropriations and sets forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It does not provide budget authority, which is provided in subsequent appropriations legislation." Mikulski voted with 21 Democrats, two Republicans and one Independent against the bill.[24] The House passed the bill on May 15, 2015.[25] President Barack Obama vetoed the bill on October 22, 2015.[26]
2015 budget
On October 30, 2015, the Senate passed HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 by a vote of 64-35. The bill increased military and domestic spending levels and suspended the debt ceiling until March 2017.[27] Mikulski voted with 43 Democrats, 18 Republicans and two independents in favor of the bill.[28] It passed the House on October 28, 2015.[29] President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 2, 2015.
Foreign Affairs
Iran nuclear deal
- See also: Iran nuclear agreement, 2015
On May 7, 2015, the Senate voted to approve HR 1191 - A bill to provide for congressional review and oversight of agreements relating to Iran's nuclear program, and for other purposes, by a vote of 98-1. The bill required President Barack Obama to submit the details of the nuclear deal with Iran for congressional review. Congress had 60 days to review the deal and vote to approve, disapprove or take no action on the deal. During the review period, sanctions on Iran could not be lifted. All 43 Democratic senators who voted, including Mikulski, approved the bill.[30][31]
Hire More Heroes Act of 2015
On September 10, 2015, the Senate voted to filibuster the measure to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal by a vote of 58-42.[32] Sixty votes were needed to proceed to HJ Res 61 - the Hire More Heroes Act of 2015, the legislative vehicle the Senate was expected to use to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal. Mikulski voted with 39 Democrats and two Independents against proceeding to the measure of disapproval.[33]
Hire More Heroes Act of 2015 follow up votes
On September 15, 2015, the Senate voted for a second time to filibuster the measure to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal by a vote of 56-42.[34] Sixty votes were needed to proceed to HJ Res 61 - the Hire More Heroes Act of 2015, the legislative vehicle the Senate was expected to use to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal. Mikulski voted with 39 Democrats and two Independents against proceeding to the measure of disapproval.[35] The legislation was voted on for a third time on September 17, and it failed for a third time by a vote of 56-42.[36]
Hire More Heroes Act of 2015 fourth vote
On September 17, 2015, the Senate voted to filibuster a vote on S.Amdt.2656 to S.Amdt.2640 by a vote of 53-45. The amendment proposed prohibiting "the President from waiving, suspending, reducing, providing relief from, or otherwise limiting the application of sanctions pursuant to an agreement related to the nuclear program of Iran."[37] Mikulski voted with 42 Democrats and two Independents against proceeding to the amendment.[38]
Domestic
USA FREEDOM Act of 2015
On June 2, 2015, the Senate passed HR 2048 - the Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 or the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015 by a vote of 67-32. The legislation revised HR 3199 - the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 by terminating the bulk collection of metadata under Sec. 215 of the act, requiring increased reporting from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court and requiring the use of "a specific selection term as the basis for national security letters that request information from wire or electronic communication service providers, financial institutions, or consumer reporting agencies." Mikulski voted with 42 Democrats, 23 Republicans and one Independent to approve the legislation. It became law on June 2, 2015.[39][40]
Cyber security
On October 27, 2015, the Senate passed S 754 - the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015 by a vote of 74-21.[41] The bill proposed procedures that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. Mikulski voted with 29 Democrats, 43 Republicans and one independent in favor of the bill.[42]
Immigration
On October 20, 2015, the Senate voted against proceeding to a vote on S 2146 - the Stop Sanctuary Policies and Protect Americans Act by a vote of 54-45. The bill proposed withholding federal funding from "sanctuary jurisdictions" that violate the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 and other federal immigration laws. In addition, the bill proposed increasing "penalties for individuals who illegally reenter the United States after being removed" and providing "liability protection for State and local law enforcement who cooperate with Federal law enforcement."[43] Mikulski voted with 41 Democrats, one Republican and two Independents against proceeding to the bill.[44]
113th Congress
The second session of the 113th Congress enacted into law 224 out of the 3215 introduced bills (7 percent). Comparatively, the 112th Congress had 4.2 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.[45] The Senate confirmed 13,949 out of 18,323 executive nominations received (76.1 percent). For more information pertaining to Mikulski's voting record in the 113th Congress, please see the below sections.[46]
National security
John Brennan CIA nomination
Mikulski voted for the confirmation of John Brennan as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. The nomination was confirmed by the Senate on March 7, 2013, with a vote of 63 - 34. Most Democrats supported the nomination, while Republicans were somewhat divided with roughly one-third supporting the nomination.[47]
Economy
Farm bill
On February 4, 2014, the Democratic controlled Senate approved the Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013, H.R. 2642, also known as the Farm Bill.[48] It passed the Senate with a vote of 68-32. The nearly 1,000-page bill reformed and continued various programs of the Department of Agriculture through 2018. The $1 trillion bill expanded crop insurance for farmers by $7 billion over the next decade and created new subsidies for rice and peanut growers that will kick in if or when prices drop; however, cuts to the food stamp program cut an average of $90 per month for 1.7 million people in 15 states.[49] Mikulski joined with 46 other Democratic senators in favor of the bill.
2014 Budget
On January 16, 2014, the Democratic-controlled Senate approved H.R. 3547, a $1.1 trillion spending bill to fund the government through September 30, 2014.[50][51] The Senate voted 72-26 for the 1,582 page bill, with 17 Republicans and 55 Democrats voting in favor of the bill.[51] The omnibus package included 12 annual spending bills to fund federal operations.[52] It included a 1 percent increase in the paychecks of federal workers and military personnel, a $1 billion increase in Head Start funding for early childhood education, reduced funding to the Internal Revenue Service and the Environmental Protection Agency and left the Affordable Care Act without any drastic cuts. Mikulski voted with the Democratic Party in favor of the bill.[50][51]
Government shutdown
- See also: United States budget debate, 2013
During the shutdown in October 2013, the Senate rejected, down party lines, every House-originated bill that stripped the budget of funding for the Affordable Care Act. A deal was reached late on October 16, 2013, just hours before the debt ceiling deadline. The bill to reopen the government, H.R. 2775, lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funded the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made by Senate Democrats was to require income verification for Obamacare subsidies.[53] The final vote on H.R. 2775 was 81-18, with all 18 votes against the bill from Republican members. Mikulski voted with the Democratic Party for the bill.[54]
No Budget, No Pay Act of 2013
Mikulski voted for H.R.325 -- No Budget, No Pay Act of 2013. The bill passed the Senate on January 31, 2013, with a vote of 64 - 34. The purpose of the bill was to temporarily suspend the debt ceiling and withhold the pay of members of Congress until a budget could be passed. The vote largely followed party lines with Democrats overwhelmingly supporting it and many Republicans in opposition to the bill.[47]
Immigration
Mexico-U.S. border
Mikulski did not vote on Senate Amendment 1197 -- Requires the Completion of the Fence Along the United States-Mexico Border. The amendment was rejected by the Senate on June 18, 2013, with a vote of 39 - 54. The purpose of the amendment was to require the completion of 350 miles of fence described in the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 before registered provisional immigrant status may be granted. It would also require 700 miles of fence be completed before the status of registered provisional immigrants may be changed to permanent resident status. The vote followed party lines.[47]
Social issues
Violence Against Women (2013)
Mikulski voted for S.47 -- Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013. The bill was passed by the Senate on February 12, 2013, with a vote of 78 - 22. The purpose of the bill was to combat violence against women, from domestic violence to international trafficking in persons. All 22 dissenting votes were cast by Republicans.[47]
Previous congressional sessions
Fiscal Cliff
Mikulski voted for the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003 while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. The bill was passed in the Senate by an 89 - 8 vote on January 1, 2013.[55]
Issues
Presidential preference
2016 presidential endorsement
✓ Mikulski endorsed Hillary Clinton for the Democratic primary in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.[56]
- See also: Endorsements for Hillary Clinton
Elections
2016
Mikulski announced she would not seek re-election in 2016.
2010
On November 2, 2010, Barbara Mikulski (D) won re-election to the United States Senate. She defeated Eric Wargotz (R), Richard Shawver (Constitution), Kenniss Henry (Green), Claud L. Ashbury (Write-in, R), Donald Kaplan (Write-in), James T. Lynch, Jr. (Write-in, D), Lih Young (Write-in), Denise L. Whittington (Write-in), Robert J. Evans (Write-in) and Mary Catherine Podlesak (Write-in, R) in the general election.[57]
Full history
To view the full congressional electoral history for Barbara Mikulski, click [show] to expand the section. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2004 On November 2, 2004, Barbara Mikulski won re-election to the United States Senate. She defeated E.J. Pipkin (R), Maria Allwine (Green), Thomas Trump (Constitution), Robert Gemmill II (Write-in), Ray Bly (Write-in) and Dennard A. Gayle-El, Sr. (Write-in) in the general election.[58] 1998 On November 3, 1998, Barbara Mikulski won re-election to the United States Senate. She defeated Ross Z. Pierpont in the general election.[59]
1992 On November 3, 1992, Barbara Mikulski won re-election to the United States Senate. She defeated Alan L. Keyes (R) in the general election.[60]
1986 On November 4, 1986, Barbara Mikulski won election to the United States Senate. She defeated Linda Chavez (R) in the general election.[61]
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Campaign finance summary
Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.
Personal Gain Index
- See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)
- See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)
The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:
PGI: Change in net worth
Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Mikulski's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $227,016 and $682,000. That averages to $454,508, which is lower than the average net worth of Democratic senators in 2012 of $13,566,333. Mikulski ranked as the 85th most wealthy senator in 2012.[62] Between 2004 and 2012, Mikulski's calculated net worth[63] decreased by an average of 1 percent per year. Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.[64]
Barbara Mikulski Yearly Net Worth | |
---|---|
Year | Average Net Worth |
2004 | $509,274 |
2012 | $454,508 |
Growth from 2004 to 2012: | −11% |
Average annual growth: | −1%[65] |
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.[66] |
The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.
PGI: Donation Concentration Metric
Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). In the 113th Congress, Mikulski was the Chair of the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations. Mikulski received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Lawyers/Law Firms industry.
From 1989-2014, 16.52 percent of Mikulski's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.[67]
Barbara Mikulski Campaign Contributions | |
---|---|
Total Raised | $19,702,196 |
Total Spent | $19,128,364 |
Chair of the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations | |
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee | |
Lawyers/Law Firms | $922,399 |
Lobbyists | $630,113 |
Real Estate | $624,545 |
Health Professionals | $554,155 |
Pro-Israel | $523,509 |
% total in top industry | 4.68% |
% total in top two industries | 7.88% |
% total in top five industries | 16.52% |
Analysis
Ideology and leadership
Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Mikulski was a rank-and-file Democrat as of July 22, 2014. This was the same rating Mikulski received in June 2013.[68]
Like-minded colleagues
The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.[69]
Mikulski most often voted with: |
Mikulski least often voted with: |
Lifetime voting record
According to the website GovTrack, Barbara Mikulski missed 339 of 9,632 roll call votes from January 1987 to September 2015. This amounts to 3.5 percent, which is worse than the median of 1.6 percent among current senators as of September 2015.[70]
Congressional staff salaries
The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Mikulski paid her congressional staff a total of $2,546,660 in 2011. She ranked 16th on the list of the lowest paid Democratic senatorial staff salaries and ranked 47th overall of the lowest paid senatorial staff salaries in 2011. Overall, Maryland ranked 33rd in average salary for senatorial staff. The average U.S. Senate congressional staff was paid $2,529,141.70 in fiscal year 2011.[71]
National Journal vote ratings
- See also: National Journal vote ratings
Each year, National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted, as compared to other members, in the previous year. More information about the analysis process can be found on the vote ratings page.
2013
Mikulski ranked 5th in the liberal rankings in 2013.[72]
2012
Mikulski ranked 5th in the liberal rankings in 2012.[73]
2011
Mikulski ranked 5th in the liberal rankings in 2011.[74]
Voting with party
The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.
2014
Mikulski voted with the Democratic Party 98.7 percent of the time, which ranked 3rd among the 53 Senate Democratic members as of July 2014.[75]
2016 Democratic National Convention
Personal
Note: Please contact us if the personal information below requires an update.
Mikulski is unmarried and lives in Baltimore, MD.[85] On March 17, 2012, she became the longest serving woman in the history of the United States Congress.[85]
Recent news
This section links to a Google news search for the term Barbara + Mikulski + Maryland + Senate
See also
- Maryland
- United States Senate
- U.S. Senate delegation from Maryland
- United States Senate elections, 2014
External links
- Social media:
- Biographies:
- Political profiles:
- Financial (federal level):
- Interest group ratings:
- Issue positions:
- Legislation:
- Public statements:
- Voting record:
- Works by or about:
- Media appearances:
- Media coverage:
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bioguide U.S. Senate, "Barbara Mikulski," accessed August 13, 2013
- ↑ USA Today, "Reports: Longtime Sen. Barbara Mikulski to retire," March 2, 2015
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Biographical Guide to Members of Congress, "Barbara Mikulski," accessed October 25, 2011
- ↑ United States Senate, "Committee Assignments," accessed February 4, 2015
- ↑ Congressional Quarterly, "Senate Committee List," accessed January 18, 2013
- ↑ United States Senate, "Committee Assignments," accessed March 29, 2014
- ↑ Official Senate Website, "Committee Assignments," accessed October 25, 2011
- ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 113th Congress," accessed April 29, 2015
- ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 114th Congress," accessed January 5, 2017
- ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress," April 13, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1314," accessed May 25, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "H.R. 1314 (Ensuring Tax Exempt Organizations the Right to Appeal Act)," accessed May 25, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "Roll Call for HR 2146," June 24, 2015
- ↑ The Hill, "Senate approves fast-track, sending trade bill to White House," June 24, 2015
- ↑ The Hill, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "S.Con.Res.11," accessed May 5, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany S. Con. Res. 11)," accessed May 5, 2015
- ↑ The Hill, "Republicans pass a budget, flexing power of majority," accessed May 5, 2015
- ↑ The Hill, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "S. 1356," accessed November 12, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to S. 1356)," accessed November 12, 2015
- ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 618," accessed November 12, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture Re: Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 1735)," accessed October 6, 2015
- ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015," accessed November 1, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1314)," accessed November 1, 2015
- ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1191," accessed May 8, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "H.R. 1191," accessed May 8, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2640 )," accessed September 10, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "HJ Res 61," accessed September 10, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2640 )," accessed September 16, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "HJ Res 61," accessed September 10, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2640 )," accessed September 17, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "S.Amdt.2656 to S.Amdt.2640," accessed September 17, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2656)," accessed September 17, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2048)," accessed June 2, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "S 754," accessed November 1, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (S. 754, As Amended)," accessed November 1, 2015
- ↑ Congress.gov, "S 2146," accessed November 2, 2015
- ↑ Senate.gov, "On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Proceed to S. 2146)," accessed November 2, 2015
- ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 112th Congress," accessed September 5, 2013
- ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014
- ↑ 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 Project Vote Smart, "Barbara Mikulski Key Votes," accessed October 17, 2013
- ↑ Senate.gov, "H.R. 2642 (Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013)," accessed February 12, 2014
- ↑ NY Times, "Senate Passes Long-Stalled Farm Bill, With Clear Winners and Losers," accessed February 12, 2014
- ↑ 50.0 50.1 Politico, "Senate approves $1.1 trillion spending bill," accessed January 20, 2014
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 U.S. Senate, "January 16 Vote," accessed January 20, 2014
- ↑ Roll Call, "House Passes $1.1 Trillion Omnibus," accessed January 20, 2014
- ↑ The Washington Post, "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013
- ↑ Senate.gov, "H.R. 2775 As Amended," accessed October 31, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Senate, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013
- ↑ Baltimore Sun, "Hillary Clinton unveils more than 70 Md. endorsements," November 17, 2015
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1992," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1986," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ OpenSecrets, "Mikulski, (D-MD), 2012," accessed February 18, 2014
- ↑ This figure represents the average annual percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or their first year in office (as noted in the chart below) to 2012, divided by the number of years calculated.
- ↑ This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.
- ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth divided by the number of years for which there are net worth figures for each member.
- ↑ This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Sen. Barbara A. Mikulski," accessed September 18, 2014
- ↑ GovTrack, "Barbara Mikulski," accessed July 22, 2014
- ↑ OpenCongress, "Sen. Barbara Mikulski," accessed September 23, 2015
- ↑ GovTrack, "Sen. Barbara Mikulski," accessed September 23, 2015
- ↑ LegiStorm, "Barbara Mikulski," accessed 2012
- ↑ National Journal, "2013 Senate Vote Ratings," accessed July 22, 2014
- ↑ National Journal, "TABLE: House Liberal Scores by Issue Area," accessed February 26, 2013
- ↑ National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012
- ↑ OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014
- ↑ Ballotpedia's list of superdelegates to the 2016 Democratic National Convention is based on our own research and lists provided by the Democratic National Committee to Vox.com in February 2016 and May 2016. If you think we made an error in identifying superdelegates, please send an email to [email protected].
- ↑ Five Thirty Eight, “The Endorsement Primary,” June 7, 2016
- ↑ To find out which candidate a superdelegate supported, Ballotpedia sought out public statements from the superdelegate in other media outlets and on social media. If we were unable to find a public statement that clearly articulated which candidate the superdelegate supported at the national convention, we listed that superdelegate as "unknown." If you believe we made an error in identifying which candidate a superdelegate supported, please email us at [email protected].
- ↑ Congressional Research Service, "The Presidential Nominating Process and the National Party Conventions, 2016: Frequently Asked Questions," December 30, 2015
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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- ↑ CNN, "Maryland Exit Polls," April 26, 2016
- ↑ 82.0 82.1 Democratic National Committee, "2016 Democratic National Convention Delegate/Alternate Allocation," updated February 19, 2016
- ↑ The Green Papers, "2016 Democratic Convention," accessed May 7, 2021
- ↑ Democratic National Committee's Office of Party Affairs and Delegate Selection, "Unpledged Delegates -- By State," May 27, 2016
- ↑ 85.0 85.1 Official Website, "Biography," accessed October 25, 2011
Political offices | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by Charles Mathias, Jr. |
U.S. Senate - Maryland 1987-2017 |
Succeeded by Chris Van Hollen |
Preceded by ' |
U.S. House - Maryland 1977-1987 |
Succeeded by ' |