slay

参见：Slay

英语

词源1

源自中古英语 sleen, slayn ← 古英语 slēan (“敲，击，重打，杀，锻造，冲撞，重踩，刺”) ← 原始日耳曼语 *slahaną (“打斗，敲，杀”) ← 原始印欧语 *slak- (“击，打，扔”)。与荷兰语 slaan (“敲，击，打”)、低地德语 slaan (“敲，击，打”)、德语 schlagen (“敲，击，打”)、丹麦语、挪威语, 瑞典语 slå (“敲，击，打”)、冰岛语 slá (“击打”)同源。与slaughter、onslaught有关。

发音

• 英语发音：slā, 国际音标^(帮助): /sleɪ/

• 音频 (美式)：

  (档案)

• 韵部：-eɪ
• 同音词：sleigh, sley

动词

slay (第三人称单数简单现在时 slays，现在分词 slaying，过去式 slew 或 slayed，过去分词 slain 或 slayed 或 (棄用) yslain)

1. (现在多用于书面) 杀，谋杀

   The knight slew the dragon.

   骑士杀死了龙。

   Our foes must all be slain.

   我们必杀死仇敌。

   • Template:RQ:Holinshed Chronicles
   • c. 1596-97, 威廉·莎士比亚《威尼斯商人》, Act II scene i^[2]:

     The Prince of Morocco:

     […] By this scimitar,

     That slew the Sophy and a Persian prince

     That won three fields of Sultan Solyman,

     I would outstare the sternest eyes that look,

     Outbrave the heart most daring on earth,

     Pluck the young sucking cubs from the she-bear,

     Yea, mock the lion when he roars for prey,

     To win thee, lady. […]

2. (书面) 消灭，根除

   You must slay these thoughts.

   你必须根除这种思想。

3. (引申，口语，夸张) （在比赛中）打败，击败
   • 1956, “Giants Slay Bears in Pro Title Battle”, in Lodi News-Sentinel, 1956 December 31, page 8.
   • 1985, “Redskins slay Giants; Thiesmann shatters leg”, in The Gadsden Times, 1985 November 19, page D1-5.
   • 1993, Jack Curry, “Yanks’ Bullpen Falls Short Again”, in The New York Times, 1993 April 21:

     The Yankees were actually slayed by two former Yankees because Rich Gossage pitched one scoreless inning in relief of Eckersley to notch his first victory.

4. (俚语) 使人感觉良好、高兴

   Ha ha! You slay me!

5. (俚语，及物、不及物) 迷住，“迷杀”
6. (俚语) 和……发生性关系
   • 2015 Sexual Harassment in Education and Work Settings: Current Research and Best Practices for Prevention: Current Research and Best Practices for Prevention

     The Online Slang Dictionary offers nearly 200 words referring to sexual intercourse. Many of the terms and phrases connote violence, such as: “bang,” “beat,” “chopped up,” “cut,” “hit,” “hit raw,” “hit that,” “kick it,” “nail,” “pound,” “ram,” “slap and tickle,” “slay,” “smack,” “smash,” and “spank”

使用注意

• 另一种过去式及过去分词“slayed”基本上用于俚语义“使人感觉良好、高兴”：

  Harry Charles Witwer (1929年) Yes Man's Land‎^[3]，第 254 页:“"Cutey, you slayed me !" grins Jackie, working fast. "I guess that's what made the rest of 'em look so bad — you was so good!"”

• 当然，其他义项也有使用“slayed”，但一般被视为是非标准用法。
• 根据COCA在美国2000年-2009年的调查中，“slayed”的使用普及度正在上升，但仍不如“slew”。BNC的调查则显示，“slayed”在英国使用一直很少。
• “slain”现在多用于新闻标题，因为比“murdered”短。

近义词

• (杀)： kill, murder, assassinate
• (击败)： conquer, defeat, overcome
• (使人感觉良好、高兴)： kill, hit it out of the park
• (发生性关系)： coitize, go to bed with, sleep with

派生词

• foreslay
• slayee
• slayer
• slay someone in the Spirit

相关词汇

• onslaught
• slaughter
• self-slaughter

词源2

参见sley。

名词

slay (复数 slays)

1. sley的另一种写法

异序词

• lays

中古英语

其他写法

• sleye，slaye

词源

源自古英语 slege的比喻用法，源自原始西日耳曼语 *slagi，源自原始日耳曼语 *slagiz。

发音

• 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈslɛi̯(ə)/

名词

slay (复数 slayes)

1. 筘座

派生语汇

• 英语: sley

参考资料

• “sleie (n.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-25.