depolymerize

As a result, lignin can be more efficiently depolymerized, solubilized, and transported out of the cell wall at milder treatment conditions.

They also presented signals between 6.35- 6.51 and 6.73-6.90 ppm, referring to the aromatic ring hydrogens' signals of the depolymerized product, specifically to MDI, according to Motokucho et al.

Under the new process, "plastic waste is depolymerized back to the starting material and then repolymerized to yield virgin-like plastics," said the commentary.

Cellulose fibres isolated from sawdust, sugarcane bagasse, corn cob, and sago pith waste samples were depolymerized by dissolving in AMIMCl to form 5 wt% of cellulose solution and the subsequent addition of 0.05 g Amberlyst 15 DRY (0.23 mmol [H.sub.3][O.sup.+]) as the catalyst.

This was probably attributed to their better solubility in comparison to depolymerized or high molecular weight AXs [2, 26].

(2) Electrospun Nanofibers of Poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL)/ Depolymerized Chitosan.

Removal of hemicellulose and lignin is not significant for AFEX pretreatment as for acid or alkali pretreatment, while the structure of lignin is modified or altered during the process and the hemicellulose is also depolymerized by interacting with ammonia (Wyman et al., 2005).

[10] depolymerized PEN in aqueous ammonia solution and aqueous alkaline (NaOH and KOH) solutions under hydrothermal conditions (160-280[degrees]C and 10 MPa), and showed that PEN was almost completely converted into monomers in an aqueous ammonia solution as well as aqueous NaOH and KOH solutions under hydrothermal conditions.

Furthermore, macroalgae have high carbohydrate concentrations, reaching values above 70% (Cardozo et al., 2007; Sebaaly et al, 2012), which can be easily depolymerized by different microorganisms or bacteria for conversion into bioenergy.

The solution is rapidly heated by superheated steam and styrene resins depolymerized. The monomer is purified and repolymerized to form homopolymers or copolymers.