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    Introduction of Dispensing Pharmacy

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    Aina Butt
    The document provides an introduction and overview of dispensing in pharmacy, including receiving and processing prescriptions, ensuring legality and completeness, accurately filling prescriptions, and maintaining a clean and organized dispensing environment to minimize errors and provide quality patient care. It discusses best practices for prescription handling, checking for accuracy and understanding, and general dispensing procedures to correctly fill medication orders. Maintaining professional standards through organization, focus, and attention to detail in all aspects of dispensing is emphasized.

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    Introduction of Dispensing Pharmacy

    Uploaded by

    Aina Butt
    2K views21 pages
    The document provides an introduction and overview of dispensing in pharmacy, including receiving and processing prescriptions, ensuring legality and completeness, accurately filling prescriptions, and maintaining a clean and organized dispensing environment to minimize errors and provide quality patient care. It discusses best practices for prescription handling, checking for accuracy and understanding, and general dispensing procedures to correctly fill medication orders. Maintaining professional standards through organization, focus, and attention to detail in all aspects of dispensing is emphasized.

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    The document provides an introduction and overview of dispensing in pharmacy, including receiving and processing prescriptions, ensuring legality and completeness, accurately filling prescriptions, and maintaining a clean and organized dispensing environment to minimize errors and provide quality patient care. It discusses best practices for prescription handling, checking for accuracy and understanding, and general dispensing procedures to correctly fill medication orders. Maintaining professional standards through organization, focus, and attention to detail in all aspects of dispensing is emphasized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2K views21 pages

    Introduction of Dispensing Pharmacy

    Uploaded by

    Aina Butt
    The document provides an introduction and overview of dispensing in pharmacy, including receiving and processing prescriptions, ensuring legality and completeness, accurately filling prescriptions, and maintaining a clean and organized dispensing environment to minimize errors and provide quality patient care. It discusses best practices for prescription handling, checking for accuracy and understanding, and general dispensing procedures to correctly fill medication orders. Maintaining professional standards through organization, focus, and attention to detail in all aspects of dispensing is emphasized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    Introduction to

    Dispensing
    Pharmacy
    By
    Dr. Muhammad Akbar

    Dispensing
    Dispensing is an important part of the practice

    of pharmacy, in which the pharmacist or the


    pharmacy

    technician

    (under

    the

    direct

    supervision of the pharmacist) interprets the


    physician's requirements on the prescription and
    accordingly supplies medicines for the treatment
    of his patient (s).
    This usually involves interpreting a written

    prescription but may, on occasions, also include


    taking instructions given by word of mouth or
    by telephone from the physician.

    The various activities involved in


    Dispensing are
    Receiving and confirming orders

    Dispensing modules for good pharmacy practice


    1. Dispensing environment
    a) Prescription Counter
    b) Waiting Area
    c) Requirements of a good dispensing environment
    d) Barriers, noise and distractions that can affect dispensing
    2. Handling of Prescriptions
    a) Receiving the prescription
    b) Reading the prescription and checking for
    A. Legality
    B. Legibility
    C. Completeness and correctness
    3. Processing a prescription
    a) Filling a prescription
    b) Removal of medicines from shelves.
    c) Assembling of medicines.
    d) Billing.
    e) Packing.
    f) Refilling a prescription
    4. Other aspects of dispensing
    a) Dispensing errors
    b) Role of pharmacists in promoting correct dispensing
    c) Refusal to dispense prescriptions
    d) Alternatives to conventional prescriptions.

    DISPENSING ENVIRONMENT
    1.1 Prescription counter
    Ideally the prescription counter should:
    Be accessible to the client
    Preferably be separate and in a quite location. If

    there are other separate sections (e.g cosmetics,


    general items, OTC section), it should be slightly
    away from them
    Be calm. Orderly, attractive and marked with an

    identifying sign or symbol which can be easily


    identified and seen from other parts of the pharmacy.
    A different color, appearance, demarcation etc may

    be given to the prescription section, to provide added


    emphasis.
    Have a waiting area for clients who wait for their

    prescriptions to be dispensed or filled

    1.2 Waiting area


    What should and ideal waiting area provide?
    Comfortable chairs/place to sit (especially for

    elderly/disabled/sick patients to rest).


    Current

    popular

    health

    magazines

    and

    carefully selected material to good health, to


    keep the client busy/occupied and prevent
    boredom while waiting to receive medicines.
    Pamphlets and posters related to public, family

    and

    other

    individual

    health

    problems

    prominently displayed (as the waiting area


    could be used as a health education center)

    1.3 Requirements of a Good Dispensing


    Environment
    1. Be clean: To give a professional impression and outlook to the pharmacy.
    2. Be organized: To provide for a safe and efficient working area. (Such that things are found

    in the right place at the right times and there are minimum obstructions and hurdles).
    3. Have sufficient space For easy movement of personnel in the pharmacy, and to prevent

    congestion and physical contact among staff while working.


    4. Temperature and humidity controlled As appropriate temperature and humidity are

    necessary for stability of medicines till the expiry date.


    5. No loud music playing, gossiping, talking, or television (e.g. a cricket match or a

    movie) : To avoid distractions during dispensing.


    6. Have medicines stored in an organized way on shelves in alphabetical order or using the

    method normally employed in that particular pharmacy: To ensure quick, but safe
    selection of the correct medicines from the shelves to minimize dispensing errors.
    .BE CLEAN, GET ORGANISED!! GIVE THE PHARMACY A PROFESSIONAL LOOK

    Maintaining a clean environment requires


    A regular routine of cleaning shelves, medicines/products, and a daily cleaning of

    floors. A regular schedule for checking, cleaning and defrosting the refrigerator.
    Immediate wiping of accidental spills due to breakage, etc, during dispensing.
    Activity 1: Prepare separate SOPs for cleaning the floor, shelves, refrigerator,

    drawers etc. Each SOP should define the periodicity with which cleaning (of
    each) should be carried out and also assign the responsibilities to the pharmacy
    staff.
    Activity 2: Prepare a work chart to be signed by the person doing the cleaning

    and the person supervising, on the completion of work

    Advantages of a good dispensing


    enviroment
    I. Reduces dispensing errors.
    II. Reduces fatigue among pharmacy
    staff.
    III. Enhances services.
    IV. Improves the image of pharmacy
    V. Increases clients
    Working in VI.
    a clean
    and an organized
    Increases
    speed.environment in a pharmacy, aids
    a professional
    in accuracyVII.Creates
    while dispensing,
    and also gives a image
    professional look to the
    pharmacy. Presence of a separate prescription counter and waiting
    area can further Highlight professionalism and competence of the
    pharmacist. Pharmacists handle medicines, and a slight dispensing
    error could result in serious consequences i.e. health -wise for the
    patient, and for the pharmacy a loss of reputation. Thus a good
    dispensing environment is recommended for every pharmacy.

    2) HANDLING
    PRESCRIPTIONS
    2.1

    Receiving the Prescription

    As clients come into the pharmacy, they must be made

    to feel attended to and comfortable by :


    Good
    Friendly gestures.
    mornig
    madam!
    A smile.
    Can I help
    you
    Eye-to-eye contact.
    A friendly welcome.
    Courtesy. Feeling of caring .

    2.2
    Communication should be initiated in such a
    manner that it encourages the client to convey
    his/her needs by producing a prescription or by
    asking for other products or advice

    Upon receiving the prescription, the


    pharmacist should confirm
    Whether the client is the patient

    himself or has come on the


    patient's behalf.
    The relation of the client with
    the patient.
    The client may politely be
    requested to wait, while the
    pharmacist
    reviews
    the
    prescription for:
    Legality

    and completeness of
    prescription.
    Therapeutic aspects
    Appropriateness for the individual

    Excuse me
    sir! Is this
    your
    medicine

    No

    For whom
    medication
    is
    prescribed

    It is
    prescribed
    for me

    2.2 Reading the Prescription and Checking for


    Completeness and Correctness
    While reading and checking the

    prescription,

    the

    pharmacist

    Should
    Be alert, and concentrate on the

    prescription.
    Not be distracted.
    Not engage in talking or chatting.
    Engage/

    use his professional/

    experience
    prescription.

    in

    assessing

    the

    After receiving the prescription, it is important for the

    pharmacist to read the prescription to verify whether


    It is legal and complete with respect to the various parts of the

    prescription, and therefore


    It can be dispensed as such, or not.

    Legality
    A prescription is legal when :
    It is written (can also be typed) by a R.M.P.
    Signed by the R.M.P.
    Has all the information required to be contained with respect to

    parts of prescription

    Legibility
    Handwritten names of patients and medicines are often

    difficult to read. In case of illegibility of name, age, etc,


    ask the patient for the correct spelling tactfully. For
    example the pharmacist may ask

    Always use excuse me or please etc and be


    polite

    Excuse me
    the first
    name is
    Jame or
    Jane

    Never dispense Guess work


    Legibility is a problem requiring alertness and critical judgment on the part of the

    pharmacist. Careless handwriting and similarity in spelling of names of different


    drugs add to the difficulty.

    Example of a Reading error:


    Arlidin and Artidin - Due to illegible handwriting of doctors, Artidin could be read

    as Arlidin. Artidin is a brand containing Diclofenac whereas Arlidin contains


    Nylidrin two different drugs used for two different conditions. When handwriting is
    illegible, the best thing to do is to contact the physician over the phone and confirm.
    Remember, you are dealing with medicines and thus, the lives of patients so be sure

    of what you are dispensing. Imagine the disastrous consequences of dispensing the
    wrong medicine NEVER DISPENSE GUESS WORK

    b) The dosage form, the dosage and the quantity to be

    dispensed have to be legible so that dispensing becomes


    easier for the pharmacist.
    The instructions written for administration should state

    clearly what the physician expects from the patient so that


    the pharmacist can counsel the patients efficiently.
    All terminology, including units of measures (metric,

    apothecary or English) and Latin abbreviations should be


    properly interpreted

    Completeness and correctness

    The prescription serves as a vehicle for communication from the licensed

    practitioner to the pharmacist about the pharmaceutical care of the patient.


    Details to be checked for
    i) Physician's details.
    ii) Patient's details.
    iii) Check the product details

    Checking the product details will include checking :


    Name of the product.
    Dosage form.
    Strength/ potency of the medicine.
    Total amount to be dispensed and its availability
    Dosage and directions for use.

    General dispensing procedure


    1. Work on your own place.
    2. Wear freshly laundered overall coat.
    3. Provide yourself with a clean glass-cloth, a

    duster and either sponge.


    4. Work in a clean and tidy manner.
    5. Read the prescription carefully, make sure
    you understand it and that it is legally
    correct.
    6. If necessary, find out the formula of the
    prescription in an appropriate source of
    information.

    7. Check the doses of internal preparations.


    8. Find, from an appropriate source, if any

    ingredient is a poison.
    9. Conform that there are no pharmaceutical or
    therapeutic
    incompatibility
    in
    the
    preparation.
    10. if you are unsure of correct method of
    preparation refer to your practical notebook.
    11. Look up the storage conditions for the
    preparations.
    12. Work out the calculations.
    13. Check the calculations.

    14. Collect the correct container and closure.


    15. If necessary, trim the label to fit the container but do not
    16.
    17.
    18.
    19.
    20.
    21.

    remove the name of suppliers.


    Write the main label and collect any special labels that
    are required.
    Make the preparation, pack it in the containers and
    polish the label.
    Check the label and fix them to the container.
    Check the finished preparation.
    Wrap the container and write the patients name and
    address on the wrapper.
    Make the appropriate records.

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