ANSIIESD S20.

20-2021
Revision of ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014
§
�­
�­

�-

For the Development of an Electrostatic

Discharge Control Program for

Protection of Electrical and Electronic

Parts, Assemblies, and Equipment
(Excluding Electrically Initiated
Explosive Devices)

Electrostatic Discharge Association

218 West Court Street
Rome, NY 13440

An American National Standard

Approved December 14, 2021
 ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021

BSD Association Standard

for the Development of an Electrostatic Discharge
Control Program for

Protection of Electrical and Electronic

Parts, Assemblies and Equipment
(Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive
Devices)

Approved October 28, 2021

EOS/ESD Association, Inc.
 ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021

Electrostatic Discharge Association (ESDA) standards and publications are designed to serve the
CAUTION public interest by eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating
the interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and
NOTICE obtaining the proper product for his particular needs. The existence of such standards and publications
shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of the Association from manufacturing
or selling products not conforming to such standards and publications. Nor shall the fact that a standard
or publication that is published by the Association preclude its voluntary use by non-members of the
Association whether the document is to be used either domestically or internationally. Recommended
standards and publications are adopted by the ESDA in accordance with the ANSI Patent policy.
Interpretation of ESDA Standards: The interpretation of standards in-so-far as it may relate to a specific
product or manufacturer is a proper matter for the individual company concerned and cannot be
undertaken by any person acting for the ESDA. The ESDA Standards Chairman may make comments
limited to an explanation or clarification of the technical language or provisions in a standard, but not
related to its application to specific products and manufacturers. No other person is authorized to
comment on behalf of the ESDA on any ESDA Standard.
THE CONTENTS OF ESDA'S STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE PROVIDED "AS­
DISCLAIMER OF IS," AND ESDA MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
WARRANTIES IMPLIED, OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO SUCH CONTENTS. ESDA DISCLAIMS
ALL REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION,
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
USE, TITLE, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT.
ESDA STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE CONSIDERED TECHNICALLY SOUND
DISCLAIMER OF AT THE TIME THEY ARE APPROVED FOR PUBLICATION. THEY ARE NOT A
GUARANTY SUBSTITUTE FOR A PRODUCT SELLER'S OR USER'S OWN JUDGEMENT WITH
RESPECT TO ANY PARTICULAR PRODUCT DISCUSSED, AND ESDA DOES NOT
UNDERTAKE TO GUARANTEE THE PERFORMANCE OF ANY INDIVIDUAL
MANUFACTURER'S PRODUCTS BY VIRTUE OF SUCH STANDARDS OR
PUBLICATIONS. THUS, ESDA EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR
DAMAGES ARISING FROM THE USE, APPLICATION, OR RELIANCE BY OTHERS ON
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THESE STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS.
NEITHER ESDA, NOR ITS PRESENT OR FORMER MEMBERS, OFFICERS,
LIMITATION ON EMPLOYEES OR OTHER REPRESENTATIVES WILL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES
ESDA's LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE USE OR MISUSE OF ESDA
STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
THEREOF. THIS IS A COMPREHENSIVE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY THAT APPLIES
TO ALL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOSS OF
DATA, INCOME OR PROFIT, LOSS OF OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY AND CLAIMS OF
THIRD PARTIES.

Published by:

Electrostatic D ischarge Association

21 8 West Court Street
Rome, NY 13440

Copyright© 2021 by EOS/ESD Association, Inc.

All rights reserved

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in

an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior
written permission of the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

ISBN: 1-58537-332-X
 ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021

(This foreword is not part of ESD Association Standard ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021)

FOREWORD
This standard covers the requirements necessary to establish, implement, and maintain an
electrostatic discharge (ESO) control program for activities that manufacture, process, assemble,
install, transport, package, label, service, test, inspect, or otherwise handle electrical or electronic
parts, assemblies, and equipment susceptible to damage by electrostatic discharges greater than
or equal to 100 volts human body model (HBM) and 200 volts charged device model (COM). The
COM voltage level used in this document is based on managing process essential insulators to
mitigate field-induced voltages on devices that could lead to damage.
This standard also defines the requirements for isolated conductors. The reference to machine
model (MM) is retained in this standard for the historical association to the MM robustness of
devices to isolated conductors.
HBM and COM fully characterize the ESO robustness of devices. Therefore, MM testing is no longer
required to qualify devices, and test data may not be available.
This document covers the ESO control program requirements for establishing a program to handle
ESO sensitive (ESOS) items based on the historical experience of both military and commercial
organizations. References include EOS/ESO Association, U.S. Military, and ANSI approved
standards for material properties and test methods. The fundamental ESO control principles that
form the basis of this document are:
A. All conductors in the environment, including personnel, shall be bonded or electrically
connected and attached to a known ground or contrived ground (as on shipboard or aircraft).
This attachment creates an equipotential balance between all items and personnel.
Electrostatic protection can be maintained at a potential above a "zero" voltage ground potential
if all items in the system are at the same potential.
B. Process essential insulators in the environment cannot lose their electrostatic charge by
attachment to ground. Ionization systems provide neutralization of charge on these process
essential insulators (circuit board materials and some device packages are examples of
necessary insulators). Assessment of the ESO hazard created by electrostatic charge on the
process essential insulators in the workplace is required to ensure that appropriate actions are
implemented, commensurate with the risk to ESOS items.
C. Transportation of ESOS items necessitates enclosures in protective materials, although the
type of material depends on the situation and destination. While these materials are not
discussed in the document, it is important to recognize the differences in applications. For more
clarification, see ANSI/ESO S541.
Any relative motion and physical separation of materials or flow of solids, liquids, or particle-laden
gases can generate an electrostatic charge. Common sources of electrostatic charge include
personnel, items made from common polymeric materials, and processing equipment. ESO
damage can occur in several ways, including:
i. A charged object (including a person) coming into contact with an ESOS item.
ii. A charged ESOS item making contact with ground or another conductive object at a different
potential.
iii. An ESOS item making contact with ground or another conductive object while exposed to an
electrostatic field.
Examples of ESOS items include, but are not limited to, microcircuits, discrete semiconductors,
thick and thin film resistors, hybrid devices, printed circuit boards, and piezoelectric crystals. It is
possible to determine device and item susceptibility by exposing the item to simulated ESO events.
The level of sensitivity, determined by testing using simulated ESO events, may not necessarily
relate to the level of sensitivity in a real-life situation. However, the sensitivity levels are used to
establish a baseline of susceptibility data to compare devices with equivalent part numbers from
different manufacturers. Two different models are used for the characterization of electronic items:
HBM and COM.
ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021

For more information on the requirements in this standard, there is a technical report, ESD TR20.20
- ESD Association Technical Report- Handbook for the Development of an Electrostatic Discharge
Control Program for the Protection of Electronic Parts, Assemblies, and Equipment.
Compliance with this standard can be demonstrated through third-party certification. The
certification process is like any quality management system certification such as ISO 9001.
Information on the certification process can be obtained by contacting an EOS/ESD Association,
Inc. approved certification body. For a list of EOS/ESD Association, Inc. approved certification
bodies, see www.esda.org.
This standard 1 was originally designated ANSI/ESD S20.20-1999 and was approved on August 4,
1999. ANSI/ESD S20.20-2007 was a revision of ANSI/ESD S20.20-1999 and was approved on
February 11, 2007. ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 is a revision of ANSI/ESD S20.20-2007 and was
approved on March 25, 2016. ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021 is a revision of ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 and
was approved on October 28, 2021.
At the time, the ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021 was prepared, the 20.20 ESD control program
Subcommittee had the following members:

John T. Kinnear, Jr., Chair

IBM

Christopher Almeras Kevin Duncan Reinhold Gaertner

Raytheon Seagate Technology Infineon Technologies AG
Ron Gibson David Girard
Steven Gerken Advanced Static Control Staticon Support Services,
Consulting Inc.
Fatjon (Toni) Gurga Ginger Hansel Shane Heinle
Reliant ESD Dangelmayer Associates Digi-Key Corporation

Matt Jane Gary Latta Michael Manders

Tesla SAIC The United States Air Force

Chuck McClain Robert "Hank" Mead

Ronnie Millsaps
Micron Semiconductor BAE Systems, Inc.
Daniel O'Brien
Carl Newberg Andrew Nold
University of Dayton
Simco-Ion Teradyne, Inc.
Research Institute
Dale Parkin Nathaniel Peachey Keith Peterson
Seagate Technology Qorvo Missile Defense Agency
David E. Swenson
Wolfgang Stadler Matt Strickland
Affinity Static Control
Intel Deutschland GmbH The Boeing Company
Consulting, LLC
Terry Welsher Craig Zander
Dangelmayer Associates Transforming Technologies

1 ESD Association Standard (S): A precise statement of a set of requirements to be satisfied by a material,
product, system, or process that also specifies the procedures for determining whether each of the
requirements is satisfied.

ii
 ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021

The following ind ivid uals contributed to the d evelopment of ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014, ANSI/ESD
S20.20-2007, and/or ANSI/ESD S20.20-1999.

Brent Beamer Donald E. Cross Robert Cummings

3M USN NASA

Kevin D uncan Reinhold Gaertner Steve Gerken

Seagate Technology Infineon Technologies USAF
Ron Gibson
Tim Jarrett Ronald L. Johnson
Ad vanced Static Control
Boston Scientific Intel
Consulting
John T. Kinnear, Jr. Anthony Klinowski Dave Leeson, Co-Chairman
IBM Boeing Motorola SSTG
Garry McGuire Thomas Mohler
Ralph Myers
NASA Raytheon Systems
ASC
(Hernand ez Engineering) Corporation
Gene Monroe Carl Newberg D ale Parkin
NASA-LARC MicroStat Laboratories Seagate Technology

Robert Parr Brian Retzlaff Jeffrey Scanlon

Consultant Plexus ASC
D avid E. Swenson
Jeremy Smallwood Sam Theabo
Affinity Static Control
Electrostatic Solutions Ltd . Plexus
Consulting, LLC
Joel Weid end orf
Scott Ward Craig Zand er
River's Ed ge Technical
Texas Instruments Transforming Technologies
Service
Sheryl Zayic
Boeing

iii
ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................... 1

2.0 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................... 1

3.0 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................................ 1

4.0 DEFINITIONS .......................................................................................................................... 2

5.0 PERSONNEL SAFETY ........................................................................................................... 2

6.0 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM................................................................................................... 2

6.1 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................ 2

6.2 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM MANAGER OR COORDINATOR ........................................................ 3
6.3 TAILORING ............................................................................................................................ 3
7.0 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS..................................... 3

7.1 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM PLAN ............................................................................................ 3

7.2 TRAINING PLAN ..................................................................................................................... 3
7.3 PRODUCT QUALIFICATION PLAN ............................................................................................. 3
7.4 COMPLIANCE VERIFICATION PLAN .......................................................................................... 4
8.0 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM PLAN TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS.................................... 4

8.1 GROUNDING/EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING SYSTEMS ................................................................... 4

8.2 PERSONNEL GROUNDING ...................................................................................................... 5
8.3 ESD PROTECTED AREAS (EPAs) .......................................................................................... 6
8.3.1 Insulators ...................................................................................................................... 6
8.3.2 Isolated Conductors ..................................................................................................... 7
8.4 PACKAGING ........................................................................................................................ 1 0
8.4.1 United States Department of Defense (DoD ) Packaging Requirements ................... 1 0
8.5 MARKING ............................................................................................................................ 10

Annexes
Annex A (Informative) : Ad d itional Process Consid erations .......................................................... 11
Annex B (Informative) : ESD Sensitivity Testing ........................................................................... 12
Annex C (Informative): Tailoring ................................................................................................... 14
Annex D (Informative): Related Documents ................................................................................. 16
Annex E (Informative) : Statement of Direction ............................................................................. 18
Annex F (Informative): Revision History for ANSI/ESD S20.20 ................................................... 19

Tables
Table 1: Ground ing / Equipotential Bonding Requirements ........................................................... 5
Table 2: Personnel Ground ing Requirement .................................................................................. 5
Table 3: EPA ESD Control Items .................................................................................................... 8
Table 4: Packaging Requirements ............................................................................................... 10
Table 5: ESD Susceptibility Test References for D evices ........................................................... 13

iv
ESD Association Standard ANSJIESD S20.20-2021

ESD Association Standard for the D evelopment of an Electrostatic D ischarge Control

Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies, and Equipment
(Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive D evices)

1.0 PURPOSE
The purpose of this stand ard is to provid e ad ministrative and technical requirements for
establishing, implementing, and maintaining an ESD control program (hereafter referred to as the
"Program") .

2.0 SCOPE
This d ocument applies to organizations that manufacture, process, assemble, install, package,
label, service, test, inspect, transport, or otherwise handle electrical or electronic parts, assemblies,
and equipment susceptible to d amage by electrostatic d ischarges greater than or equal to 1 00 volts
human bod y model (HBM) and 200 volts charged d evice model (COM) . Also, protection from
isolated conductors is hand led by limiting the voltage on isolated conductors to less than 35 volts.
Processes that includ e items susceptible to lower withstand voltages may require ad d itional control
elements or ad justed limits. Processes d esigned to handle items with a lower ESD withstand
voltage can still claim compliance to this stand ard . This d ocument d oes not apply to electrically
initiated explosive d evices, flammable liquid s, or powd ers.
NOTE: The COM voltage level used in this document is based on industry experience when managing
process essential insulators to mitigate induced voltages on devices that could lead to damage.

3.0 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS

Unless otherwise specified , the following d ocuments of the latest issue, revision, or amend ment
form a part of this stand ard to the extent specified herein:
ESD ADV1 .0, ESD Association's Glossary of Terms2
ANSI/ESD S1.1, Wrist Straps2
ANSI/ESD STM2.1 , Garments -Resistive Characterization2
ANSI/ESD STM3.1 , lonization2
ANSI/ESD SP3.3, Period ic Verification of Air lonizers2
ANSI/ESD STM4.1 , Worksurfaces-Resistance Measurements2
ANSI/ESD S6.1, Ground ing(2 )
ANSI/ESD STM7.1 , F looring Systems-Resistive Characterization2
ANSI/ESD S8.1, Symbols-ESD Awareness2
ANSI/ESD STM9.1 , Footwear-Resistive Characterization2
ANSI/ESD SP9.2, Foot Grounders-Resistive Characterization2
ANSI/ESD STM1 1.11 , Surface Resistance Measurement of Static D issipative Planar Materials2
ANSI/ESD STM1 1.12, Volume Resistance Measurements of Static D issipative Planar Materials2
ANSI/ESD STM1 1.13, Two-Point Resistance Measurement2
ANSI/ESD STM1 1.31 , Bags2
ANSI/ESD STM1 2.1 , Seating-Resistance Measurements2
ANSI/ESD S13.1 , Electrical Sold ering/Desold ering Hand Tools2
ESD TR53, Compliance Verification of ESD Protective Equipment and Materials2

2 EOS/ESD Association, Inc. 218 West Court Street, Rome, NY 13440, Ph: 315-339-6937; www.esda.org
因其它等原因，不能全部发布。
此为样本文件，如需更多交流：

www.file123.top

[email protected]

微信：STD7879
ANSI/ESD S20.20-2021

8.4.1 United States Department of Defense (DoD) Packaging Requirements: New section was
added per a request from the DoD to support the withdrawal of Mil-STD 1686.
Annex C Tailoring: New annex was added with examples of tailoring.
Annex E Statement of Direction: New annex that discusses possible additions to ANSI/ESD
S20.20. These are statements at this time and may or may not become requirements in the future,.

20