ENGLISH LANGUAGE 5 exam model A JUNE 2022

Student’s surname and name:_________________________________________________________

Signature:________________________________________________________________________

Lecturer/ group: ___________________________________________________________________

Section A: USE OF ENGLISH [30 marks]

Part 1: Multiple Choice Cloze [10 marks]

Read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. Write all your answers
on your answer sheet.
Example answer (0): A. relevance B. importance C. quality D. significance
Correct answer: B
England’s Breakfast Revolution

The (0) ____ of a good breakfast is beyond (1) _____ according to health experts, but in historical
terms breakfast is a relatively new arrival in England, with descriptions of breakfast seldom (2) _____
in medieval literature. (3) _____, there are (4) _____ references to travellers having a meal at dawn
before (5) ____ on arduous journeys, and to the sick sitting down to breakfast for medicinal reasons,
but most people went without unless they were monarchs or nobles.
However, in the 16th century it gradually became the (6) ____, not the exception. Some writers have
(7) ____ this to the greater availability of food. Proponents of this view have not always considered
other profound social changes. For example, new (8) ____ of employment may well offer a plausible
explanation for the greater importance now (9) ____ to breakfast, as individuals were increasingly
employed for a prescribed number of hours. Often this involved starting work extremely early. Thus,
having a meal first thing in the morning was (10) ____ in necessity, and was no longer associated with
social status.

1. A. disagreement B. dissent C. dispute D. discord

2. A. displaying B. manifesting C. disclosing D. featuring
3. A. Deservedly B. Admittedly C. Conceivably D. Assuredly
4. A. disbanded B. sprinkled C. scattered D. collected
5. A. engaging B. launching C. embarking D. committing
6. A. norm B. prototype C. standard D. trait
7. A. attributed B. assigned C. accounted D. accorded
8. A. figures B. shapes C. lines D. patterns
9. A. linked B. fixed C. attached D. secured
10. A. embedded B. rooted C. entrenched D. founded
Part 2: Open Cloze [5 marks]
For gaps (11-20) decide on the most appropriate word. Write all your answers on your answer
sheet. Example answer (0): SHOULD
Carrying out a ghost hunt

(0) ____ a visit to a house convince you that there may be something (11) worth
____ investigating, follow
these simple steps. There is (12)much
____ you can do in the way of preliminary research before you (13)
____ any serious attempt to carry (14) ____
make out any practical investigation. Documents devoted to the area
can often be (15) of____ interest and a visit to the local museum will be invaluable. Maps can also
provide information on the whereabouts of underground water. Water running underground through
streams, old sewers and so (16) ____
on beneath or close to the foundations of a house may subject it to
spasmodic thrusts. (17) ____
when the water builds up, such jolts cause objects in the house to move,
that sound eerie at night. Such
increasing the general strain on the house, and produce noises (18) ____
possibilities have to be (19) ____
takeninto account, depending on the reported paranormal activity. In (20)
any event, knowledge of previous building in the area may produce a clue to any apparitions seen.
____

Part 3: Word Formation [3 marks]

For questions 21-23, use the word given in capitals at the end of the sentences to form a word
that best fits the gap.

Example answer (0): LOSS

0) The (0) ____ of her husband was terrible. LOSE

governmental GOVERN
21. ) ________authorities intervened to require companies to reduce emissions.

22. ) The Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway is an inland

_________channel LAND
overcoming
23. ) He is________ all obstacles in his path to the top. COME

Part 4: Vocabulary – meaning [3 marks]

For questions 24-26, explain briefly the meaning of the words/expressions. Write all your
answers on the separate answer sheet.

24. ) Far-out

25. ) To take the plunge

26. ) Whining

Part 5: Key word sentence transformation [9 marks]

For questions 27-32, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and
six words, including the word given.
Here is an example (0):
0. The train should have arrived at six. DUE
The train ____________ at six.
The gap can be filled with the words ‘was due to arrive’. Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer
sheet. Do not copy the whole sentence. Answer sheet: WAS DUE TO ARRIVE

27. It was heavy snow on the line that delayed the train. HELD
The train would have arrived on time if it __________ heavy snow on the line. hadn't been held up by

28. The moment I shouted he ran away. SOONER

No __________ ran away. sooner had i shouted that he

29. If people think a painting was done by a famous artist, it will be worth a lot. HAVE
If a painting __________ by a famous artist, it will be worth a lot. is thought to have been done

30. I thought very hard but couldn’t remember the answer. RACKED
I __________ answer. racked my brains to remember the

31. He lost his job because he was inefficient. GROUNDS

He lost his job __________ inefficiency. on the grounds of his

32. The car was redesigned and, as a result, sales rose rapidly. RESULTED
The successful redesigning of the car __________ sales. resulted in a rapid rise of

Section B: READING COMPREHENSION [20 marks]

Part 6: Multiple Choice [10 marks]

Read the following article about peacocks and their ‘power dressing’. For questions (33-37),
choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to the text. Write all your answers on
your separate answer sheet.

Power Dressing
Every summer, the peacocks that roam free within Whipsnade Wild Animal Park in
Bedfordshire expose their magnificent trains to the critical and often disdainful gaze of the hens. They
re-enact the mystery that tormented Charles Darwin to his dying day: how in this competitive world,
where nature – as Tennyson said – is red in tooth and claw, could birds have evolved such an obvious
extravagance? How do they get away with it? The zoologist Marion Petrie and her colleagues of the
Open University are now exploiting the quasi-wild conditions of Whipsnade to try, a century after
Darwin’s death, to settle the matter.
 Darwin argued that living creatures came to be the way they are by evolution, rather than by
special creation; and that the principal mechanism of evolution was natural selection. That is, in a
crowded and hence competitive world, the individuals best suited to the circumstances – the ‘fittest’ –
are the most likely to survive and have offspring.

But the implication is that fittest would generally mean toughest, swiftest, cleverest, most alert.
The peacock’s tail, by contrast, was at best a waste of space and in practice a severe encumbrance; and
Darwin felt obliged to invoke what he felt was a separate mechanism of evolution, which he called
‘sexual selection.’ The driving mechanism was simply that females liked – in his words – ‘beauty for
beauty’s sake’.

But Darwin’s friend and collaborator, Alfred Russel Wallace, though in many ways more
‘romantic’ than Darwin, was in others even more Darwinian. ‘Beauty for beauty’s sake’ he wanted
nothing of. If peahens chose cocks with the showiest trains, he felt, then it must be that they knew what
they were about. The cocks must have some other quality, which was not necessarily obvious to the
human observer, but which the hens themselves could appreciate. According to Wallace, then, the train
was not an end in itself, but an advertisement for some genuine contribution to survival.

Now, over 100 years later, the wrangle is still unresolved, for the natural behaviour of peafowl
is much harder to study than might be imagined. But 200 birds at Whipsnade, which live like wild
birds yet are used to human beings, offer unique opportunities for study. Marion Petrie and her
colleagues at Whipsnade have identified two main questions. First, is the premise correct – do peahens
really choose the males with the showiest trains? And, secondly, do the peacocks with the showiest
trains have some extra, genuinely advantageous quality, as Wallace supposed, or is it really all show,
as Darwin felt?

In practice, the mature cocks display in groups at a number of sites around Whipsnade, and the
hens judge one against the other. Long observation from hides, backed up by photographs, suggests
that the hens really do like the showiest males. What seems to count is the number of eye-spots on the
train, which is related to its length; the cocks with the most eye-spots do indeed attract the most mates.

But whether the males with the best trains are also ‘better’ in other ways remains to be pinned
down. William Hamilton of Oxford University has put forward the hypothesis that showy male birds
in general, of whatever species, are the most parasite-free; and that their plumage advertises their
disease-free state. There is evidence that this is so in other birds. But Dr. Petrie and her colleagues
have not been able to assess the internal parasites in the Whipsnade peacocks to test this hypothesis.
This year, however, she is comparing the offspring of cocks that have in the past proved attractive to
hens with the offspring of cocks that hens find unattractive. Do children of the attractive cocks grow
faster? Are they more healthy? If so, then the females’ choice will be seen to be utilitarian after all,
just as Wallace predicted.

There is a final twist to this continuing story. The great mathematician and biologist R A Fisher
in the thirties proposed what has become known as ‘Fisher’s Runaway’. Just suppose, for example,
that for whatever reason – perhaps for a sound ‘Wallacian’ reason – a female first picks a male with a
slightly better tail than the rest. The sons of that mating will inherit their father’s tail, and the daughters
will inherit their mother’s predilection for long tails. This is how the runaway begins. Within each
generation, the males with the longest tails will get most mates and leave most offspring; and the
females’ predilection for long tails will increase commensurately. Modern computer models show that
such a feedback mechanism wold alone be enough to produce a peacock’s tail. Oddly, too, this would
vindicate Darwin’s apparently fanciful notion – once the process gets going, the females would indeed
be selecting ‘beauty for beauty’s sake’.

33. What is the purpose of Marion Petrie’s research?

A to show that a peacock’s train serves no useful purpose
B to solve a problem that Charles Darwin could not solve
C to compare peacocks in the wild with those in captivity
D to demonstrate that Charles Darwin’s theory was wrong

34. How did Alfred Russel Wallace’s view of peacocks differ from that of Darwin?
A He thought that a peahen’s choice of mate was practical
B He believed that animals could experience emotions
C He believed animals appreciated beauty for its own sake
D He believed that the peacock’s train must have a protective function

35. Peahens at Whipsnade Zoo show a preference for

A the most dominant male in a group
B the biggest and strongest male
C the male which displays most often
D the male with the finest feathers

36. Why does Marion Petrie plan to study the offspring of different peacocks?
A to check whether the birds have inherited diseases
B to discover whether the breed is becoming bigger in general
C to learn about the reasons behind the peahen’s choice of mates
D to study the development of various species

37. What does ‘Fisher’s Runaway’ suggest?

A that inherited characteristics gradually become stronger
B that peacocks are exceptions to general biological laws
C that peahens react instinctively to beauty
D that Darwin underestimated the intelligence of animals

Part 7: Gapped Text [10 marks]

You are going to read a text about Google’s 2021 search list. Five paragraphs have been removed
from the article. Choose from paragraphs A – F the one which fits best each gap (38-42). There
is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Write all your answers on your separate
answer sheet.

The Trafalgar Square Christmas Tree

High in a tree, veiled in a freezing mist, a woodsman inspects a colossal spruce in the name of Anglo-
Norwegian relations. Deep in the depths of Oslomarka, which is a network of coniferous forests on the
edge of Oslo, every year since 1947, a tree has been felled to be shipped to London and presented as
the Trafalgar Square Christmas tree.
38. _________________
D ___________
Oslo is surrounded by natural beauty; edged with woodland and a fjord, it is often described as 'the
blue, the green and the city in between.' It feels truly wild, populated with moose, lynx, roe deer and
even the odd wolf. 'Two wolves live out here now,' says Oslo mayor, Marianne Borgen. 'They are not
hunted, they are welcome.'
B
39. ________________________ ____
Or try out a range of other winter activities, like hiking the many trails, mountain biking, ice skating,
fishing, picnicking and, of course, skiing and tobogganing the timeworn runs. If you don't want to head
straight back to Oslo, you can stay in municipal sports cabins, very reasonably priced, and scattered
throughout the woods from where the British tree will come.
40. ______________
F ______________
For Christiansen's foresters, the challenge is to manage this terrain in a way that pleases the public.
Visitors want a scar-free and diverse landscape, with trees of all ages and all sizes at the same spot,
rather than the uniform vistas created by commercial forests.
41. ______________
A ______________
The following morning, the sky is cobalt blue and the air is sharp. The Holmenkollen ski jump looms
dramatically behind the hotel, with its launch platform 200ft above the ground and delivers a knee-
trembling panorama, from the crystal waters of the fjord to the rolling green woodland.
42. ___________
E _________________
Leaving Holmenkollen on a two-mile ramble takes you to Frognerseteren, which was once a mountain
dairy farm and is now a popular restaurant. This is where the forest really takes over. Decent walking
boots and thick socks are essential. The few hikers I encounter are sporting some serious kit, and the
silence is deafening, except for the occasional tinkle of nearby streams.

Missing paragraphs:

A) From the city the T-bane train goes north. It's like getting from the Strand to the Cairngorms in
10 tube stops, and in no time you arrive at the Holmenkollen Park Hotel, which is north-west of Oslo
and the unofficial gatehouse to the forest.

B) Locals love the proximity of the countryside. 'In the winter, you can take your skis, get on the
tram and be on the slopes in 20 minutes, and be back easily for city life in the evening,'says Borgen,
as we warm ourselves with cups of Norwegian coffee. 'You can walk around for hours without
meeting anyone.'

C) Oslo is the economic and governmental centre of Norway. The city is also a hub of Norwegian
trade, banking, industry and shipping. It is an important centre for maritime industries and maritime
trade in Europe. The city is home to many companies within the maritime sector.

D) There it will stand, decorated in traditional Norwegian style, until 6 January. The 'Queen of the
Forest' (as locals call it) is given in gratitude for Britain's assistance during the second world war.
This year's chosen one is 27 metres tall, weighs some 4 tonnes and is 95 years old.

E) Beneath the jump is the Ski Museum, which provides a good introduction to Norway's national
sport. There are skis made in 600AD, examples of trugers (snow shoes for ponies) that look like
giant bagels, and a wind-force machine which can simulate the effect of a downhill slalom.
F) Head forester Jon Christiansen and his team scour the area, talent-spotting trees for London, and
the chosen few are then groomed like X Factor hopefuls, to encourage a strong and symmetrical
growth. They then mark them and tend to them through the years by clearing the space around, so
they get light from all angles.