99

TLE-AFA-AGRI CROP
PRODUCTION
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Farm Tools
Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Farm Tools
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Rosalyn L. Flores
Editor: Eden A. Cabugnason, Desan P. Mondia
Reviewer: Rosemarie O. Elum
Illustrator: Mark Dave M. Vendiola
Typesetter: Reynald M. Manzano, Rosalyn L. Flores
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Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D. Maricel S. Rasid
Adolf P. Aguilar Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita R. Ragay, Ed.D
Antonio B. Baguio, Ed. D.

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: [email protected]
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TLE-AFA-AGRI CROP
PRODUCTION
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Farm Tools
 What I Need to Know

At the end of the module you should be able to:

1. Identify the required materials, tools and equipment according to use.
2. Demonstrate the use of farm tools, materials and equipment

What I Know

Direction: Read each item carefully write your answers in your notebook.

1. This tool is used for cutting grasses.

2. Farm tools are very important in pre-horticultural operations because they

______________.

3. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other pointed at right angles to

its handle is a ______.

4. This resembles the appearance of the spoon and use for transferring soil.

5. This is an implement pulled by a working animal to till the land.

Note: If you get 100% correct in this pre- assessment, skip the lesson but if
not and only get 50% to 99% correct, then proceed with the lesson.

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Lesson

1 Farm Tools and Equipment

Farm Tools in Agricultural Crop Operation

Farm tools, implements and equipment play a very important role in

agricultural crop operations. Their availability makes the work easier and faster.
However, even if one may have the most sophisticated tools and implements, but
does not know how to use them, they are useless. To do crop operations
successfully, one must have a good working knowledge of the tools, implements
and equipment before using them.

What’s In

Have you tried any of these: bolo, rake, scythe, grab hoe and light hoe?

Why is it important to know the different tools and equipment used in agriculture?

Notes to the Teacher

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 What’s New

Write the missing letters of the word inside the letter blocks below the definition.

An implement pulled by a working animal.

This is used for inter-row cultivation.

A hand tool used for cutting branches of trees.

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 What is It

CLASSIFICATION OF TOOLS

A. Cutting Tools
Hand tools are usually light and are used without the help of
animals or machines. They are being used in performing farm activities which
involve small areas like the school garden and home garden.

1. Bolo

• This is used for cutting grasses and weeds and chopping branches of
trees.

2. Axe

• is used for cutting bigger size post.

3.Pruning shears

► This is for cutting branches of planting materials and unnecessary branches

of plants

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 4. Knife

• is for cutting planting materials and for performing other operations in

horticulture.

5. Pruning saw
• is a tool with the same sharp teeth as saws used for cutting lumber.
But pruning saws are intended for trimming live shrubs and trees.

Land Preparation Tools

1. Grab-hoe

• is used for breaking hard topsoil and pulverizing soil.

2. Rake
• a horticultural implement consisting of a toothed bar fixed transversely
to a handle, or tines fixed to a handle, and used to collect leaves, hay,
grass, etc.

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Cultivation Tools

1. Hand cultivator

• Hand cultivator is used for cultivating the garden plot by loosening the
soil and removing weeds around the plant.

2. Hand fork

• This is used for inter-row cultivation.

3. Light hoe
• A light (as in light-weight) hoe is a hand-held garden tool. It is
used to weed between rows of plants or vegetables. It is a long pole with
a squarish metal blade on one end. The blade is pushed into the top of
the soil to chop off weeds at their roots.

Digging Tools
1. Spading Fork
• digging fork is used to dig up plants. You can use it in combination
with a spade, using the digging fork to loosen up the soil.

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2. Spade
• is a hand tool used to dig or loosen ground, or to break up lumps in
the soil.

3. Hand Trowel
• Used for transplanting bedding flowers

4. Post hole digger

• Digs deep narrow holes

5. Bulb planter

• A bulb planter is a foolproof way of getting

the depth correct. This is important, so plant
shoots don’t have to go too far to see light
and to keep tall plants from flopping over into
the dirt. Using bulb planters can take the

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 guesswork out of planting bulbs and make the process much quicker

6. Pick-mattock

• This is used for digging canals, breaking hard topsoil and for digging
up stones and tree stumps.

7. Shovel
• is a tool used to dig as well as to move loose, granular materials (like
dirt, gravel, grain, or snow) from one spot to another

Waterers -
1. Sprinklers
• for watering seedlings and young plants.

2. Garden hose
• is used to water plants in a garden or lawn, or to convey water to a
sprinkler for the same purpose.

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Sprayers

• are for spraying insecticides, foliar fertilizers, fungicides and

herbicides.

Transporting Tools

1. Wheel barrow

• is used for hauling transporting, manures, fertilizers, planting

materials and other equipment.

2. Water pails

• for hauling or transporting water, manure and fertilizers.

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Harvesting Tool
1. Sickle

• is a hand-held agricultural tool with a variously curved blade typically

for cutting weeds or harvesting rice.

2. Scythe
• an agricultural hand tool for mowing grass or reaping crops. It has
largely been replaced by horse-drawn and then tractor machinery

Farm Implements

These are accessories that are being pulled by working animals or mounted
to different types of machinery (hand tractor, tractor) which are usually used in the
preparation of land. These are usually made of a special kind of metal.
Examples are:
1. Wooden Plows

• These are farm implements used in horticultural operations either

pulled by a working animal or a tractor. The plow is specifically used
for tilling large areas, making furrows and inter-row cultivation.

2. Wooden harrow
• is made of wood with a metal teeth and pulled by a carabao while the
disc harrow is made of metal mounted to a tractor. Harrows are used
for tilling and pulverizing the soil.

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3. Disk plow
• employs round, concave disks of hardened steel, sharpened and
sometimes serrated on the edge, with diameters ranging from 20 to 38
inches (50 to 95 centimeters).

Disc Harrow
• with a metal tooth and pulled by a carabao while the disc harrow is
made of metal mounted to a tractor. Harrows are used for tilling and
pulverizing the soil.

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 Rotavator

• is an implement mounted to a tractor used for tilling and pulverizing

the soil.

DEFECTS OF FARM TOOLS AND REMEDIES

Although there are many different types of farm machinery, they tend to have
similar characteristics and parts, such as:

• cutting edges ● levers

• gears ● revolving shafts
• chains ● rotating blades

The main hazards associated with exposure to these parts are described
below.
1. Shear points
• shear points are created when the edges of two objects are moved close
enough together to cut a material, as in the case of a pair of shears of
an auger.

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2. Cutting points
• cutting points are created when a single object moves forcefully or
rapidly enough to cut, as in the case of a sickle-blade. They are
hazards because of their cutting force, and because they often move so
rapidly that they may not be visible.
3. Pinch Points

• Pinch points are formed when two objects move together and at least
one of them is moving in a circle.
• Body parts such as fingers, hands and feet can be caught directly in
pinch points, or they may be drawn into the pinch points by loose clothing
that becomes entangled.
• Workers should be aware of pinch points, and shields or guards
should be used to prevent exposure or access.

4. Wrap Points

• Rotating shafts are the most common source of wrap point accidents,
although any exposed tool part that rotates can be a wrap point.
• The ends of shafts that protrude beyond bearings are also dangerous.
Universal joints, keys and fastening devices can also snag clothing.
• Entanglement of a wrap point can pull you into the machine, or
clothing may become so tightly wrapped that you are crushed or
suffocated.
• Workers operating machinery should be aware of wrap points and
wear clothing that shields, or guards should be used to prevent access.

5. Crush Points

• Crush points are created when two objects move toward each
other or one object moves toward a stationary one.
• Crushing injuries most commonly occur to fingers.
6. Pull-in Points

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 • Pull-in points occur when plant materials or other obstacles
become stuck in feed rolls or other tool parts, preventing the
mechanism from operating.

7. Springs

• Springs are commonly used to help lift equipment such as

shock absorbers, and to keep belts tight and may harbour potentially
dangerous stored energy.
• Springs under compression will expand with great force when
released while those that are stretched will contract rapidly when
released.
• A worker should know in which direction a spring will move
and how it might affect another tool part when released and stay out
of its path.

FARM TOOL SAFETY

Keeping tools in good working condition is half the formula for being safe.
The other half is the ability and awareness of the person using the tools.

Safety = Good Working Tool + Able and Aware Worker

Tool failure causes some farm accidents; however, most farm accidents are
caused by tired, stressed, rushed, distracted, or incompetent workers. In addition
to the specific safe handling rules for each type of farm tools, there are ten basic
guidelines for tools safety:

• Read and comply with the operator safety manual for each piece of farm tool.
• Prepare for safety by wearing appropriate clothing, having enough rest, not
drinking alcohol, and ensuring that all workers have been trained and are
capable of safely using the farm tool.

16
 • Keep all guards, shields and access doors in place when the tool is in use.
• Be aware of what you are doing and where you are going.
• Adjust the tool to fit working conditions.
• Keep children and other people away from the working area.
• Take breaks from work as necessary.

What’s More

Match Column A with Column B. Write the correct answer in your notebook.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

____1. Sprinkler A. used for spraying insecticides, foliar fertilizers,

fungicides and herbicides.

____2. Knife B. used for hauling water, manure and fertilizers.

____3. Hand Fork C. used for watering seedlings.

____4. Bolo D. used for cutting planting materials.

____5. Rake E. used for leveling the topsoil.

____6. Shovel F. used for removing trash, digging loose soil, moving
soil from one place to another and for mixing soil
media.
____7. Pruning Shears G. used for cutting bigger size post.

____8. Sprayer H. used for cutting branches of planting materials and

unnecessary branches of plants

17
____9. Pail I. used for inter-row cultivation.

____10. Axe J. used for cutting tall grasses and weeds and
chopping branches of trees.

What I Have Learned

Direction: Answer the question below in your notebook.

1. How will you maintain safety in using farm tools?

What I Can Do

Using the rake

PPE and Materials Needed:

• Rake or improvised tool ● Rag

• Footwear ● Plastic bag

• Long pants ● dustpan

• Gloves

Procedure:
1. Determine the destination area where the leaves will go after collection, whether
it’s in a bag or a curb, back into the garden as mulch, or in a backyard compost
pile.

18
2. Decide how much time you can spend raking each day or get help and divide up
the task.
3. Get a rake or improvised tool and big plastic sheet around 6 feet (2m) square. A
large sheet of burlap or an old drop cloth or other sturdy fabric will also work.
4. Moving your feet, rake leaves straight back and move with the rake as you walk
toward the back.
5. Spread the plastic sheet on the ground near the raking area. Pull the leaves over
to the plastic sheet with the help of the rake. When it covers the whole sheet, take
one corner of the sheet and join it with the corner diagonally across from it. Then
do the same with the other diagonal. Carry the leaves to the destination area or
dump them into the bags.
6. Alternately, use a grass catcher from a push mower or a large dustpan designed
for outdoor collection. You will make more, smaller trips to wherever you are
collecting the leaves, but each trip will be lighter to carry.

NOTE: Make sure before this activity, you are wearing appropriate PPE. Perform
this activity with supervision from your parents and write their comments in your
notebook.

CRITERIA Score
20 15 10 5
Very Satisfactory Better Good
Satisfactory
List of tools are completed
The function of tools are correctly stated
Appropriate farm tools are identified and
selected according to requirements/use
Farm tool checked for faults and defective
tools are reported in accordance with farm
procedures
Appropriate tools are safely used according
to job requirements and manufacturers
conditions
Determined area for waste disposal is
eliminated against the volume of dirt/leaves
Appropriate farm tools are identified and
selected according to use
Appropriate PPE is used
Tools are checked for faults and defective

19
tools are reported in accordance with farm
procedures
Appropriate tools are safely used.

Assessment

Direction: Read the questions carefully and write the letter of your answer in your
notebook.

1. Which of the following is an example of a digging tool?

A. Bolo
B. Spading fork
C. Grab hoe
D. Pruning shear
2. Which tool is used for cutting grasses?
A. Shovel
B. Bolo
C. Crowbar
D. Mattock
3. What tool does NOT belong to the group?
A. Spading Fork
B. Mattock
C. Shovel
D. Pruning shears
4. Farm tools are very important in pre-horticultural operations because they_____.
A. Make work easier
B. Make work faster
C. Save time and effort
D. All of the above

20
5. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other pointed at right angles to
its handle is_____________.
A. mattock
B. crowbar
C. bolo
D. spade

Answer Key

21
References

• https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/tools/using-bulb-
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1wDis3M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kTNn2-
qPUpGVHkDWUruOwquITBkPg&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZuqDZr7fqAhUHBogK
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AQCBAeUIuHAVidsQFg-
9gBaAFwAHgAgAHmAYgBwQ6SAQYwLjEzLjGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWl
tZw&sclient=img&ei=OvD9XrSkOpSQr7wPmv2uyAY&bih=576&biw=1349&s
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fe=active&hl=en&hl=en

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Tu3q7qAhVIyZQKHZ39AVYQ4lYoAXoECAEQGQ#imgrc=iYAvX_v5RjcaEM&i
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AaoBB2d3cy13aXo&sclient=psy-
ab&ved=0ahUKEwiSwY2Nm7bqAhVaA4gKHX5gCYIQ4dUDCAw