Week 5 Fundamentals of Network Communication PDF
Week 5 Fundamentals of Network Communication PDF
Week 5 Fundamentals of Network Communication PDF
2. Given a 20-bit frame and bit-error-rate p in communication. What is the probability that
the frame has no error? What is the probability of 1-bit errors?
3. Give two features that the data link layer and transport layer have in common, and
further give two features in which they differ.
4. Which OSI layer is responsible for (a) determining the best path to route packets; (b)
providing end-to-end reliable communications; (c) providing node-to-node reliable
communications?
ANSWERS :
Reducing delay, The first packet of a multi packet message can be forwarded before the second
one has completely arrived.
Probability
I. Probability that the frame has no error, P=(1-p)20P=(1-p)z
II. Probability of 1-bit errors, P=(201)p(1-p)19
OSI layers
A. Network layer
B. Transport layer
C. Transport layer
Network layer
● Connection oriented service is related to the telephone system. It includes the
connection establishment and connection termination. In connection-oriented service,
the Handshake method is used to establish the connection between sender and
receiver.
● Connection-less service is related to the postal system. It does not include any
connection establishment and connection termination. Connection less Service does not
give the guarantee of reliability. In this, Packets do not follow the same path to reach
their destination.
A bit stream 1101011011 is transmitted using the standard CRC method. The polynomial
generator is x+ x + 1. What is the actual bit string transmitted? Show the major steps to
your answer.
Indeed, IP convention can be utilized in the PC, since the IP convention is a lot of necessities
for tending to also as directing information on the Internet. Moreover, The PCs ought not run
TCP legitimately over Ethernet. Since, the computer can't run principles based TCP without IP,
as TCP uses IP addresses. There is a need to utilize an individual custom streaming convention
that depends on Ethernet or another link layer as a lower layer.
(1) The figures below show the TCP/UDP communication pattern diagrams. Which
diagram works for TCP? Why?
(2) Fill the missing steps (blank boxes) in both diagrams for TCP/UDP correspondingly.
Answers :
1) Diagram (b) will work for TCP, since it is a network protocol that shows the details of how
data is sent as well as received.
2) Missing steps : (a) bind, connect , (b) bind>listen>accept, connect.