Head and neck cancer [DS:H02420] Solid tumor [DS:H02421]
Description
Oral cancer refers to a subgroup of head and neck malignancies that develop at the lips, tongue, salivary glands, gingiva, floor of the mouth, oropharynx, buccal surfaces and other intra-oral locations, according to the International Classification of Diseases. Nevertheless, the term is synonymous to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral mucosal origin that accounts for more than 90% of all malignant presentations at the aforementioned anatomical sites. Worldwide, oral SCC (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer; more than 300,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. The development of OSCC is a multistep process requiring the accumulation of multiple genetic alterations, influenced by a patient's genetic predisposition as well as by environmental influences, including tobacco, alcohol, chronic inflammation, and viral infection. The genetic changes include activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), alterations of tumor suppressors p53 and p16, and cyclin D1 overexpression.
Category
Cancer
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
02 Neoplasms
Malignant neoplasms, except primary neoplasms of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms of lip, oral cavity or pharynx
2B60 Malignant neoplasms of lip
H00016 Oral cancer
2B61 Malignant neoplasms of base of tongue
H00016 Oral cancer
2B62 Malignant neoplasms of other or unspecified parts of tongue
H00016 Oral cancer
2B63 Malignant neoplasms of gum
H00016 Oral cancer
2B64 Malignant neoplasms of floor of mouth
H00016 Oral cancer
2B65 Malignant neoplasms of palate
H00016 Oral cancer
2B66 Malignant neoplasms of other or unspecified parts of mouth
H00016 Oral cancer
Cancer-associated carbohydrates [br08441.html]
H00016
