In Hinduism, the concept of Sanyasa (renunciation) is one of the highest ideals. However, true renunciation is often misunderstood as merely the external act of giving up worldly possessions and adopting an ascetic lifestyle. The deeper, more profound teaching emphasizes inner renunciation, which transcends outward appearances. This principle is encapsulated in various scriptures and teachings within the Hindu tradition. Outer Renunciation: The Traditional View Traditionally, Sanyasa is associated with the fourth stage of life (Ashrama) in the Vedic system, where an individual renounces worldly duties and material possessions to live a life dedicated to spiritual pursuits. This stage follows Brahmacharya (student life), Grihastha (householder life), and Vanaprastha (retired life). A Sanyasi (renunciant) typically adopts a simple lifestyle, dons saffron robes, and engages in practices such as meditation, prayer, and study of sacred texts. Inner Renunciation: The Deeper Essence I...

Britain ’s first state-funded Hindu School , the Krishna-Avanti school in Harrow , has come under criticism from Hindu organizations over its definition of ‘practising Hindu.’ The school is set to open in Harrow , north London , in September 2008 and the ‘practising Hindu’ definition is outlined in the admission policy of the school. According to the admissions policy document, the Krishna-Avanti school defines practising Hindus as those who follow a version of Hinduism requiring daily practice of deity worship and prayer either in the temple or at home; undertake weekly temple-related charity work; participate fortnightly in temple programmes; accept and put into practice the teachings of the Vedic scriptures, in particular the teachings of the Bhagavad-Gita; and abstain from meat, fish, eggs, alcohol and smoking. The admissions policy also allows for available places to be filled by children from families ‘broadly following’ the tenets of Hinduism. But even this requires them t...

In Hindu philosophy, the concepts of Jnana (knowledge) and Karma (action) are often perceived as distinct paths to spiritual liberation (moksha). However, a deeper understanding reveals that they are not only complementary but also harmonious, as elaborated in various Hindu scriptures, particularly in the Bhagavad Gita. Jnana Yoga and Karma Yoga: Understanding the Paths Jnana Yoga (Path of Knowledge): Focuses on the realization of the self and the ultimate truth (Brahman). Involves deep philosophical inquiry, meditation, and the study of sacred texts. Emphasizes understanding the nature of reality and one's own self. Karma Yoga (Path of Action): Centers on selfless action and duty without attachment to the results. Encourages performing one's duty (dharma) with dedication and without ego. Stresses the importance of actions done as offerings to God or as a service to humanity. Harmony Between Jnana and Karma 1. The Bhagavad Gita's Synthesis: The Bhaga...

Lalitopakhyana is a significant part of the Brahmanda Purana, an ancient and revered text in Hindu tradition. Located in the last section of the Purana, known as Uttarbhaga, the Lalitopakhyana spans from chapters 5 to 44. The name Lalitopakhyana is derived from two Sanskrit words, "Lalita" and "Upakhyana," which together mean "the great narrative of Goddess Lalita." This section is presented as a dialogue between Sage Agastya, a prominent figure in Hindu mythology known for his wisdom and knowledge, and Hayagriva, an avatar of Vishnu depicted with a horse's head. Through this narrative device, the text conveys its teachings and stories. Lalitopakhyana provides a comprehensive account of Goddess Lalita's stories and theological significance. In the text, she is depicted as the ultimate reality, an embodiment of the supreme Brahman, and the protector of the three worlds. Descriptions of her emphasize her transcendent and immanent nature, highligh...

The Supreme Court of India upheld the dress code change in the Guruvayur Sri Krishna Temple in Kerala initiated by the temple administration. Guruvayur Devaswom Board, the temple administration, had decided to allow churidar-clad women into the temple. This decision was challenged in the Supreme Court by a devotee. The petitioner challenged the temple administration’s decision to change the dress code by stating that saris had been customarily worn for hundreds of years and that the Guruvayur Devaswom Board had no right to interfere in such matters and it was the prerogative of the Thantri (chief priest) to decide on dress code. The petitioner also stated that the sari is the only dress code which prevents exhibitionism in public. It is apprehended that the nod for the churidar is the first step towards loosening of rules and regulations at the temple. A three-judge bench headed by Chief Justice K.G. Balakrishnan rejected the appeal stating that the dress code has to chan...

Until you wake up to what you really are you’ll be like the man who searches the whole jungle for a jewel that hangs at his throat. Oil, wick, fire: until they mingle in a cruse they scarcely produce any light, So how can you expect to dissipate the darkness simply by talking about lamps? You’re the sort of fool who sees your face in a mirror, befouled by inky filth, And proceeds to try to erase the blackness by cleaning the reflection to a shine. Surdas says, it is only now the mind can see – No that so countless many days are lost and gone – For who has ever recognized the brilliance of the sun But by seeing it through eyes gone blind? Surdas – (Sur Sagar or ‘ Ocean of Sur ’) Teachings Of Surdas Surdas, also known as Sant Kavi Surdas, was a 15th-century poet, musician, and saint in the Bhakti movement tradition of India. His teachings primarily revolve around devotion (bhakti) to Lord Krishna, as well as themes of love, compassion, and the spiritual ...

Shakta Pramoda is a significant 17th-century text renowned as one of the most comprehensive Tantric ritual manuals. This text is dedicated to the worship of the ten goddesses of the Mahavidya pantheon, a group of deities revered in Shaktism, a major tradition within Hinduism that focuses on the Divine Feminine. Historical and Cultural Context The 17th century, when Shakta Pramod was composed, was a period of rich theological and philosophical development in India. This era saw the flourishing of various religious texts and practices, particularly within the Tantric traditions. Tantra, with its esoteric and mystical practices, emphasizes the worship of Shakti, the feminine principle of divine energy. The Mahavidya Pantheon The Mahavidya pantheon consists of ten goddesses, each representing a distinct aspect of the Divine Mother or Goddess (Devi). These ten goddesses are: Kali – The fierce aspect of the goddess who symbolizes time, change, power, and destruction. Tara – The god...

A collection of quotes and teachings from Tirumantiram. Mistakenly I believed the body to be imperfect But within it I realized the Ultimate Reality. Tirumalar  Tirumantiram 725 I sought Him in terms of I and you. But He who knows not I from you taught me the truth that I indeed is you. And now I talk not of I and you. Dust Into Dust-That is Body's Way The Vessel's clay was one, but of two Karmas made, Firm-set, until Fate its grim summons gave; Then the rains poured and back to clay the vessel turned; Thus countless hordes perish and pass to the grave. How Soon the Dead are Forgotten The neighbors gathered wailing loud and long, Denied him now a name, called him corpse, And bore him to the burning ghat and the body burnt, Then a ceremonial dip--and memory dies as the hours lapse. Explanation to above verses: The verse beginning with Mistakenly.... is from Tirumantiram, a revered Tamil scripture composed by the sage Tirumular. Here's an expans...

Hanuman Returns, aptly titled, is the sequel to the commercially successful Hanuman, which is registered in the Limca Book of Records as ' India 's first indigenous animation film.' Hanuman Returns is a 2D animated feature film with 3D effects and will be initially released in Hindi, Telugu and Tamil. So, how is Hanuman Returning? It looks like Hanuman is Returning as a School Boy to take on modern day villains. For Precept Picture Company, the producers of Hanuman Returns, Lord Hanuman is an attitude, it is a global phenomenon, it exemplifies selflessness, courage, devotion, energy, strength and righteous conduct. Yes, Hanuman symbolizes selflessness, courage, unwavering devotion, strength and righteous conduct. Hope the film exploits all these qualities of Hanuman instead of just concentrating on strength and courage. If one is to go by this promo of Hanuman Returns there is nothing much to expect. The film is scheduled to release in December 2007. ...

The Bhavishyottara Purana, a part of the Bhavishya Purana, is one of the eighteen Mahapuranas in Hindu literature. It primarily deals with future prophecies and predictions, but it also contains stories, rituals, and teachings relevant to Hindu dharma. Here are some of the important stories and themes from the Bhavishyottara Purana: Prophecies and Predictions: The Bhavishyottara Purana is renowned for its prophecies about future events. These predictions span various topics, including political changes, social transformations, and the advent of significant figures. Legend of King Harishchandra: The story of King Harishchandra, who is renowned for his unwavering commitment to truth and righteousness, is featured prominently. Despite facing severe trials and tribulations, he remains steadfast in his principles, eventually being rewarded by the gods. Stories of Sage Narada: Sage Narada, known for his role as a divine messenger and troublemaker, appears in various stories. His ...

Bhavanatha was a distinguished philosopher associated with the Mimamsa tradition, particularly aligning with the Prabhakara school of thought. Mimamsa, one of the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy, is known for its rigorous analysis of the Vedas, aiming to provide a systematic interpretation of Vedic rituals and injunctions. Bhavanatha’s contributions to the Prabhakara Mimamsa tradition are encapsulated in his work, "Nyayaviveka." The title "Nyayaviveka" translates to "Discrimination of Logic," suggesting that this text delves into nuanced logical and philosophical debates within the Mimamsa framework. This work is recognized for its thorough examination and defense of Prabhakara’s positions against critiques from other philosophical traditions, such as the rival Bhatta school of Mimamsa founded by Kumarila Bhatta, as well as other schools like Nyaya and Vedanta. Prabhakara’s Mimamsa, sometimes referred to as Prabhakara Mimamsa or Guru Mimamsa, ...

Bhavabhuti was a prominent Sanskrit playwright and poet of the eighth century. Originating from Vidarbha, an ancient region in central India, he was born into a Brahmana family. His brilliance in literature and philosophy led him to become a distinguished scholar and writer. Bhavabhuti eventually moved to Kannauj, a significant cultural and political center during his time, located in present-day Uttar Pradesh. This move likely provided him with an environment rich in intellectual and artistic exchange, further nurturing his literary talents. Literary Works Bhavabhuti's contributions to Sanskrit literature are profound, with his works often compared to those of the illustrious Kalidasa. He is particularly renowned for his three extant plays, which showcase his mastery over the classical art form and his deep philosophical insights. Mahaviracharita (The Deeds of the Great Hero): This play centers on the early life of Bhagvan Sri Rama, chronicling his heroic exploits. It delv...

Bhattadeva, born as Baikunthanatha Bhagavata Bhattacharya in 1558 CE, is a renowned writer in the Assamese language, particularly known for his religious works. He belonged to a Brahmana family in the Kamrup district of Assam. His parents were Chandra Bharati and Tara Devi. After completing his traditional education, Bhattadeva became a disciple of Damodaradeva, a prominent Vaishnava spiritual leader and the head of a Satra (monastery). Bhattadeva's contributions to Assamese literature are significant, especially his translations of religious texts into Sanskritized Assamese, making them more accessible to the common people. His most notable work is the translation of the Bhagavata Purana. This translation played a crucial role in spreading Vaishnavism in Assam and in the development of Assamese prose. In addition to the Bhagavata, Bhattadeva translated the Bhakti Ratnavali, a revered text in the Bhakti movement, which emphasizes devotion to God as the path to salvation. He als...

The soul of Sanatana Dharma lies in the immortal Upanishad words ‘tattvamasi’ – Thou Art That. This great uttering becomes a reality at the abode of Lord Ayyappa. When standing before Ayyappa with tear drenched eyes, realization dawns on each devotee that Supreme Soul and I are one. Caste, creed, color, religion, and social status melt away before Ayyappa, who is aptly referred as Dharma Shasta – one who teaches and upholds Dharma. Social equality, which often remains in paper and speeches, becomes a reality during the Sabarimala pilgrimage. Philosopher and ordinary mortal becomes numb before Lord Ayyappa and enters into a frozen state for a split second before giving way to the following devotee. Amidst the full throated chanting of Swamiye Saranam Ayyappa, devotees forget to open the long list of materialistic needs. Many devotees re-enter the long queue with a determined mind to open the long list of materialistic needs but believe it or not each time the devotee forgets hi...

Bhaktivijaya (Bhakti Vijaya) is a notable Marathi text composed by Mahipati in 1762 CE. The work is an important hagiography that chronicles the lives and spiritual journeys of various saints from the Bhakti movement. This movement, which spanned from the 7th century to the 17th century, emphasized devotion (bhakti) to a personal god and was marked by the composition of devotional poetry and songs. Key Aspects of Bhaktivijaya: Authorship and Context: Mahipati: Mahipati (1715-1790) was a prominent Marathi biographer and poet. His works are considered invaluable for the historical and spiritual insights they provide into the Bhakti movement. Historical Context: Composed in the mid-18th century, Bhaktivijaya reflects the religious and cultural milieu of the time, encapsulating the devotional fervor and the lives of saints who were instrumental in spreading the Bhakti ideology. Structure and Content: Hagiographies: Bhaktivijaya consists of detailed biographies of saints, includ...

In Hinduism, overcoming guilt involves a multifaceted approach that integrates spiritual, mental, and practical aspects of life. Here are key teachings and practices from Hindu philosophy that can help in overcoming guilt: 1. Understanding Dharma (Righteousness) Concept of Dharma: Dharma refers to the moral and ethical duties one must follow. Understanding and adhering to one's dharma helps prevent actions that lead to guilt. Introspection: Regular self-reflection on whether one's actions align with their dharma can help prevent guilt-inducing behavior. 2. Atonement and Repentance Prayaschitta (Atonement): Hindu scriptures provide guidelines for atonement rituals (prayaschitta) to cleanse oneself of sins and guilt. This may include fasting, chanting mantras, or performing specific rituals. Confession: Confessing one's mistakes to a guru or a trusted person can help in alleviating the burden of guilt. 3. Bhakti (Devotion) Prayer and Worship: Devotional pra...

In the Bengali Krittibasi Ramayana, the tale of Mainak Mountain with wings is both enchanting and rich with mythological significance. It unfolds during Hanuman's legendary journey to Lanka, undertaken to locate Sita, who had been abducted by Ravana. Hanuman's Journey and Encounter with Mainak As Hanuman leaped across the vast ocean towards Lanka, he was met with a surprising sight. Emerging from the ocean depths, Mainak Mountain rose majestically, offering a much-needed respite. The mountain was adorned with fruit-laden trees and crystal-clear ponds filled with sweet water, presenting an oasis of tranquility amid Hanuman's arduous voyage. Mainak warmly welcomed Hanuman and encouraged him to rest and refresh himself. Although appreciative of the gesture, Hanuman politely declined, explaining the urgency of his mission. As a gratitude, Hanuman just touched the mountain. Intrigued by the benevolence of the mountain, Hanuman inquired about its presence in the ocean's...

The story of the birth of Hanuman, as found in the Bengali Krittibasi Ramayana, is a fascinating blend of divine intervention, valor, and the fulfillment of a boon. Here's an expanded version of the story: The Heroic Act of Kesari In the sacred land of Prabhasa, renowned for its holy pilgrimages, sages and rishis often gathered to perform their rituals and take their sacred baths. However, their peace was frequently disrupted by a menacing elephant. This elephant, with its mighty tusks, would trample and kill the sages, causing widespread terror and hindering their religious practices. Kesari, a mighty vanara (monkey) and the chieftain of his tribe, learned about the plight of the sages. Known for his strength and bravery, Kesari decided to confront the beast. In a fierce encounter, Kesari fought the elephant barehanded, showcasing his incredible valor and strength. Eventually, Kesari triumphed, killing the elephant and ending the sages' torment. The Boon from the Sages...

Manikantan, an animation film based on Lord Ayyappa, is being created by Trivandrum-based production house Increation, in association with Sai Raksha Entertainment and Indiatales. The movie is in 2D format and is based on the history of Lord Ayyappa. The 90-minute film is in Malayalam and will be dubbed into English and other regional languages. Manikantan’s music director is Ilayaraja. Local newspaper reports indicate that the story of the film will be narrated through the eyes of a seven-year-old Parvati and her parrot Panchami. Parvati stumbles upon a bell that once belonged to Manikantan and the little girl is transported to the era in which Manikantan lived. The movie is expected to release in November 2008.

The story of Jambavan and the Vamana Avatar of Vishnu is a fascinating tale from Hindu mythology, highlighting the feats of divine intervention and the exploits of great heroes. During the time when the Vanaras (monkey army) were planning the expedition to find Sita, who had been abducted by Ravana, a discussion ensued on how to cross the vast ocean. Jambavan, the wise and ancient king of the bears, began narrating a story from his youth to inspire the Vanaras. The Reign of King Bali Bali, also known as Mahabali, was a powerful and righteous king. He was the grandson of Prahlada, a devoted follower of Vishnu. Bali performed a grand sacrifice known as the Ashwamedha Yajna, which elevated his status and power, making him the sovereign ruler of the three worlds – the heavens, the earth, and the netherworld. The Vamana Avatar To curb Bali's growing power and pride, Vishnu incarnated as Vamana, a dwarf Brahmin. During Bali’s yajna, Vamana approached the king and asked for a si...

During the search for Sita, who had been abducted by Ravana, the search party comprising Hanuman, Angada, Jambavan, and others, encountered Sampati, the son of Garuda, near the seashore. Sampati, who had keen eyesight and a great knowledge of the surrounding regions, provided them with crucial information about Sita's whereabouts. The Encounter with Sampati Sampati, who had been residing by the seashore, overheard the vanaras (monkey warriors) discussing their mission to find Sita. He approached them and offered his assistance by sharing his knowledge about Ravana and his fortress in Lanka. He mentioned that his son, Suparshwa, played an integral role in their lives. Story of Suparshwa Suparshwa, the devoted son of Sampati, lived in the Himalayas and provided for his father by bringing him food. One fateful day, Suparshwa returned late from his usual errands. Concerned, Sampati inquired about the reason for his delay. Suparshwa recounted a startling incident: he had witness...

Time is the root of all this earth; These creatures, who from Time had birth, Within his bosom at the end Shall sleep; Time hath nor enemy nor friend. All we in one long caravan Are journeying since the world began; We know not wither, but we know Time guideth at the front, and all must go. Like as the wind upon the field Bows every herb, and all must yield, So we beneath Time's passing breath Bow each in turn, – why tears for birth or death ? Bhartrihari (translated by Paul Elmer More) This poem reflects on the concept of time and its universal influence over all living beings. Here's an interpretation: Time as the Root: Time is portrayed as the fundamental force governing everything on Earth. It is the root from which all life springs forth. Unity in Journey: The poet describes life as a collective journey, likening it to a caravan. Since the beginning of the world, all beings have been on this journey together. Uncertain Destination: While ...

The legend of Hayas, the horse-headed demon king, is a fascinating tale found in the ancient Hindu text known as the Harivamsa, which is considered an appendix to the Mahabharata. This story is a testament to the divine heroics of Sri Krishna, an avatar of Lord Vishnu, and his eternal battle against the forces of evil. The Demon King Hayas Hayas was a formidable demon with the head of a horse and a powerful body. He ruled over the dark forests along the banks of the Yamuna River, a region that was feared by all due to his malevolent presence. Hayas commanded an army of equally terrifying horse-headed demons, and together they spread terror among the inhabitants of the nearby villages. His reign was marked by cruelty, as he and his followers would frequently raid human settlements, stealing livestock, and abducting villagers. The Tormented Land The people living near the Yamuna were in constant distress due to the tyranny of Hayas. The demon's presence disrupted their lives,...

In recent years, there have been several attempts to preserve palm leaf manuscripts containing vital information on Hinduism. Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD) now is planning to collect manuscripts from across India and digitize the manuscripts for posterity. As part of its efforts, Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams is organizing a national seminar on palm leaf manuscripts at Tirupati on November 17 and 18. Several eminent scholars and manuscriptologists are participating in the seminar. It is estimated that there are more than half a million palm manuscripts in India and majority of them are in Sanskrit. This is the count of known manuscripts, no idea about the unknown manuscripts stored in temples, private houses and old government offices. Most of the manuscripts are in a rotten state due to lack of maintenance. It must be remembered that ancient scholars had used a mixture of turmeric and oil to preserve the leaves for hundreds of years. This is one reason why t...

Virgin Comics is releasing a five issue mini-series titled ‘The Tall Tales of Vishnu Sharma: Panchatantra.’ Panchatantra needs no introduction to Indians. It is the first anthology of animals and also the oldest collection of stories for children. The stories are credited to Vishnu Sharma. So how is the story being retold? The flier of ‘The Tall Tales of Vishnu Sharma: Panchatantra’ in Virgin Comics gives some indication. Something is invading the stories of our childhood, leaving death and oblivion in its wake. Now, a motley crew of animal heroes from ancient Indian fables must unite to survive. But first they must find the boy destined to save them, the chosen guardian of the Panchatantra. Thing is… he has no idea they even exist. Vishnu Sharma, would be boy-hero, is too busy playing in online tournaments to care about fighting storybook wars. But when a none-too-fictional talking lion, monkey and bull arrive at his doorstep, Vishnu must choose between protecting th...

In the ancient land where sages and rishis performed their rituals and sacrifices to the gods, there lived a revered sage named Rishi Bharadvaja. His hermitage was a hub of Vedic rituals and spiritual wisdom, attracting disciples and seekers from far and wide. Among the many rituals performed, the sacrificial fire or yajna held a significant place. It was believed that the smoke of these sacrificial fires carried offerings directly to the deities. One day, during a grand yajna conducted by Rishi Bharadvaja, something extraordinary happened. As the sacred fire burned bright, and the air filled with the chanting of mantras and the aroma of offerings, a being emerged from the smoke. This being was Havyaghna, a demon, who began to consume the leftovers of the sacrificial offerings. His appearance was fearsome, with a form that embodied the essence of a curse placed upon him. Havyaghna was not always a demon. In a previous life, he was a virtuous being, devoted to the gods and the pract...

The wise saying from Hindu philosophy that "Modern humans can’t face truth so they take refuge in lies and fantasy" reflects a deep and ancient understanding of human nature. This concept is often linked to the teachings found in Hindu scriptures such as the Bhagavad Gita, the Upanishads, and other philosophical texts. These teachings emphasize the struggle between truth (Satya) and illusion (Maya). The Concept of Maya In Hinduism, Maya refers to the powerful force that creates the cosmic illusion, making the material world appear as the ultimate reality. This illusion entices humans into believing that temporary, fleeting pleasures and material gains are the ultimate goals of life, distracting them from seeking the eternal truth (Brahman). Ignorance and Avidya Avidya or ignorance is considered one of the root causes why humans cannot face the truth. In Hindu philosophy, avidya is the state of being unaware of the ultimate reality. It binds individuals to the cycle of...

The assertion that "Majority of problems in the world are created by humans and they want God to solve them" is a profound reflection on the human condition, echoed in various religious and philosophical traditions. In the context of Hindu wisdom, this statement touches upon several key concepts and teachings. Human Agency and Responsibility Hindu philosophy places significant emphasis on human agency and the law of karma. Karma, which means action, denotes the principle of cause and effect where every action has consequences. This principle implies that many of the problems we face are the results of our own actions, decisions, and behaviors. Humans have the power to shape their destiny through their actions, and thus, they bear responsibility for the outcomes. The Role of Dharma Dharma, or righteous duty, is another central concept in Hinduism. It refers to the ethical and moral principles that guide human behavior. When individuals and societies deviate from dharma...

The desire for miracles and the disappointment when they do not manifest is a common human experience, reflecting our deep-seated yearnings for instant solutions to life's challenges. In the context of Hindu teachings, the notion that "God is not a magician" offers a profound perspective on the nature of divinity and the expectations we place upon it. Understanding Miracles in Human Life Human Yearnings for Miracles: People often seek miracles as a means to transcend the limitations of their reality. These miraculous interventions are seen as a way to instantaneously resolve problems, cure diseases, and achieve desires without the usual effort and struggle involved. This longing is rooted in a natural human desire for relief from suffering and the aspiration for a better life. Disappointment and Disillusionment: When these miracles do not occur, disappointment sets in. This can lead to a crisis of faith or a feeling of being abandoned by a higher power. The unmet ex...

In Hinduism, the concept of the soul (Atman) passing from body to body is deeply rooted in the doctrines of karma and the ultimate aim of merging with the Supreme Truth (Brahman). Here’s a detailed explanation of these key ideas: Karma Karma refers to the law of cause and effect, where every action (physical, mental, or emotional) has consequences that shape the future. The soul accumulates karma over its many lifetimes, which influences its journey and the nature of its future births. Here’s how karma operates in this context: Law of Actions and Consequences: Each action generates karma that affects the soul’s future experiences. Good actions generate positive karma, leading to favorable circumstances, while bad actions create negative karma, resulting in suffering. Samsara: The cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, known as samsara, is driven by karma. The soul transmigrates from one body to another based on the karma it has accrued. Purification and Learning: Through various...