Map

In this research, the Gobi and Ghali maps, the two most significant maps concerning Cyprus put forth until now, have been addressed. Based on this, the main purpose of this research is to present the significance, technical dimension, political advantages, economic features and what the effects will be on the new system wanted to be established in Cyprus of these maps. The proposals for a solution concerning Cyprus put forth especially after 1975 have brought with it the period of maps. Actually, the actual borders established in Cyprus have brought the situation to a different point, because the existing borders have revealed how the population or properties remaining above/below the line will be affected. Therefore, each map put forth should be assessed as a step taken in determining the future. However, each step taken has led to a new discussion, because for the concerning party, each map regarding the issue is closely related with security, ownership, rehabilitation, immigrants...

Microperforated films (perforation diameter <200 lm) are an option for achieving the appropriate gaseous composition in modified atmosphere packaging, especially for fresh-cut products. In this project, static techniques were used to experimentally measure the oxygen and carbon dioxide transmission rates of microperforated films. Twenty nine microperforations of different dimensions (from 40 Â 30 lm to 350 Â 110 lm) and thickness (from 29 to 57 lm) were tested in the project. A potential equation was found to provide a good prediction of the dependence of the O 2 and CO 2 transmission rates on the perforation area. The data predicted by the equation was compared with those from five other bibliographic models. The empirical equation agrees, within the experimental range, with the modified Fick's law (considering the total diffusive pass length of a perforation as the sum of the perforation length and end correction term). The predictions of the proposed equation for thicker films and holes of larger dimensions (equivalent radius >3000 lm) correspond to those of the empirical models.

Systemic administration of cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotomimetic compound from Cannabis sativa, attenuates the cardiovascular and behavioral responses to restraint stress. Although the brain structures related to CBD effects are not entirely known, they could involve brainstem structures responsible for cardiovascular control. Therefore, to investigate this possibility the present study verified the effects of CBD (15, 30 and 60 nmol) injected into the cisterna magna on the autonomic and behavioral changes induced by acute restraint stress. During exposure to restraint stress (1 h) there was a significant increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR). Also, 24 h later the animals showed a decreased percentage of entries onto the open arms of the elevated plus-maze. These effects were attenuated by CBD (30 nmol). The drug had no effect on MAP and HR baseline values. These results indicate that intracisternal administration of CBD can attenuate autonomic responses to stress. However, since CBD decreased the anxiogenic consequences of restraint stress, it is possible that the drug is also acting on forebrain structures.

Crop protection seldom takes into account soil heterogeneity at the field scale. Yet, variable site characteristics affect the incidence of pests as well as the efficacy and fate of pesticides in soil. This article reviews crucial starting points for incorporating soil information into precision crop protection (PCP). At present, the lack of adequate field maps is a major drawback. Conventional soil analyses are too expensive to capture soil heterogeneity at the field scale with the required spatial resolution. Therefore, we discuss alternative procedures exemplified by our own results concerning (i) minimally and noninvasive sensor techniques for the estimation of soil properties, (ii) the evidence of soil heterogeneity with respect to PCP, and (iii) current possibilities for incorporation of high resolution soil information into crop protection decisions. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil texture are extremely interesting for PCP. Their determination with minimally invasive techniques requires the sampling of soils, because the sensors must be used in the laboratory. However, this technique delivers precise information at low cost. We accurately determined SOC in the near-infrared. In the mid-infrared, texture and lime content were also exactly quantified. Non-invasive sensors require less effort. The airborne HyMap sensor was suitable for the detection of variability in SOC at high resolution, thus promising further progress regarding SOC data acquisition from bare soil. The apparent electrical conductivity as measured by an EM38 sensor was shown to be a suitable proxy for soil texture and layering. A survey of arable fields near Bonn (Germany) revealed widespread within-field heterogeneity of texture-related ECa, SOC and other characteristics. Maps of herbicide sorption and application rate were derived from sensor data,

This paper describes a technique for evaluation the planimetric accuracy of 100,000 scale maps produced by Sudan Survey Department (SSD). The techniques are based on direct observation of ground control points using Trimble 5700 GPS receiver and arithmetic transformation algorithms. A set of 8 Ground Control Points (GCPs) has been selected inside the study area. The coordinates of all points have been observed by the GPS receivers and their corresponding values have been derived from maps based on the GIS Techniques. The area of the base maps (scale 1: 100,000), bounded by jebelawlia to Elsheikh Eltieb ( south -North) and Jebel Madaha to the University of Khartoum ( west -east ), was plotted by the analytical plotter BC-2 and scanned by the Scan Plus III 4000T and manipulated by ARC/ INFO (ESRL -GIS software) to check the coordinate values of 8 -points using both Adindan (Sudan) and WGS-84 datums. Statistical analysis shows that both GIS transformation and GPS processing produce the same planimetric accuracy.

Ezetimibe, a selective inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption, effectively reduces plasma cholesterol both in monotherapy or combined with a statin. However, its effect on atherosclerosis plaque progression is certainly unknown. MicroRNAs are short non-encoding RNA molecules dynamically implicated in monocytic differentiation which is considered an essential process during atherosclerosis development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ezetimibe on monocyte/macrophage differentiation as well as the implication of microRNAs (miRNAs) in this process. THP-1 differentiation with PMA became cells adherent to the plastic surface, and induced the expression of macrophage surface markers (CD11a, CD11b and ICAM-1) and miR-155, miR-222, miR-424 and miR-503. In the presence of ezetimibe, the adhesive capacity of THP-1 cells was decreased in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05) and the expression of CD11a, CD11b and ICAM-1 was almost totally inhibited (P < 0.05). The expression of miR-155, miR-222, miR-424 and miR-503 was reduced by 55%, 100%, 75% and 100%, respectively (P < 0.05). Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that ezetimibe suppressed the PMA-induced phosphorylation of ERK/MAPK and inhibited the NF-B activity, which are upstream signalling molecules in the differentiation process. In conclusion, ezetimibe inhibits PMA-induced THP-1 cell differentiation into macrophage-like cells in association with the inhibition of miRNA pathways. Our study suggests that inhibition of miRNAs might form a novel mechanism of anti-atherosclerotic effect of ezetimibe.

Turkey is located at the Mediterranean at 36°and 42°N latitudes and has a typical Mediterranean climate. The solar energy potential is very high in Turkey. The yearly average solar radiation is 3.6 kW h/m 2 day, and the total yearly radiation period is $2610 h. This study consists of two cases. Firstly, the main focus of this study is to put forward the solar energy potential in Turkey using artificial neural networks (ANNs). Secondly, in this study, the best approach was investigated for each station by using different learning algorithms and a logistic sigmoid transfer function in the neural network with developed software. In order to train the neural network, meteorological data for last three years (2000)(2001)(2002) from 17 stations (Ankara, Samsun, Edirne, _ Istanbul-G€ oztepe, Van, _ Izmir, Denizli, S ßanlıurfa, Mersin, Adana, Gaziantep, Aydın, Bursa, Diyarbakır, Yozgat, Antalya and Mu gla) spread over Turkey were used as training (11 stations) and testing (6 stations) data. Meteorological and geographical data (latitude, longitude, altitude, month, mean sunshine duration and mean temperature) are used in the input layer of the network. Solar radiation is in the output layer. The maximum mean absolute percentage error was found to be less than 6.735% and R 2 values were found to be about 99.893% for the testing stations. However, these values were found to be 4.398% and 99.965% for the training stations. The trained and tested ANN models show greater accuracy for evaluating the solar resource possibilities in regions where a network of monitoring stations has not been established in Turkey. The predicted solar potential values from the ANN are given in the form of monthly maps. These maps are of prime importance for different working disciplines, like scientists, architects, meteorologists and solar engineers, in Turkey. The predictions from the ANN models could enable scientists to locate and design solar energy systems in Turkey and determine the best solar technology.

The objective of this study was to develop an improved weight-related eating questionnaire (WREQ) that reflects recent advancements in the assessment and understanding of theory-based eating behaviors. A sequential process of measurement development was used to construct this brief but comprehensive questionnaire. By factor analysis and structural equation modeling, a 16-item, four-factor structure was found to best fit the data. This newly developed questionnaire measures two constructs of dietary restraint (routine and compensatory restraint), susceptibility to external cues (external eating), and emotional eating. The WREQ demonstrated good preliminary construct validation against similar psychometrics, BMI, and measures of fruit and vegetable and dietary fat intake. Further validation analyses, particularly against other energy intake measures, are justified. Successful development and preliminary validation of this updated weight-related eating behavior questionnaire provides support for the WREQ as an improvement over existing eating behavior measures and warrants its use in future research.

Although yohimbine (YOH) has been available for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction (ED) for longer than Viagra 1 , there is a perception that little is known about the clinical performance of the drug. This review attempts, by comprehensive analysis of the literature, to cover the clinical, pharmacological, and therapeutic profiles of YOH, relevant to its potential utility in the management of patients with ED. Relatively few well-designed studies have been completed. From these, however, it can be concluded that YOH as monotherapy possesses only modest efficacy in ED patients. In acute and chronic (long-term) studies, YOH has been found to be relatively free of side effects over the dose range predicted to be effective in ED. At much higher doses, the most frequently observed effects, consistent with the primary pharmacological action of the drug, are elevation of blood pressure, a slight anxiogenic action, and increased frequency of urination. These side effects are all easily reversible on termination of YOH therapy. There is increasing evidence that the erectogenic action of YOH can be augmented by concomitant administration of agents that augment the release and/or action of nitric oxide in the corpus cavernosum. YOH has yet to be studied in female sexual dysfunction. Overall, the benefit risk profile of YOH would indicate that it has potential, more probably as part of a combination strategy, e.g., with a drug that enhances the nitric oxide pathway, in the treatment of ED.

The hypothesis that E-selectin on activated endothelial cells could be exploited to selectively target drug delivery systems to tumor vasculature was investigated. HPMA copolymer-doxorubicin (DOX) conjugates displaying the high affinity E-selectin binding peptide (Esbp, primary sequence DITWDQLWDLMK) as targeting ligand were synthesized and tested for their cytotoxicity and intracellular fate in human immortalized vascular endothelial cells (IVECs). The targeted copolymers displaying multiple copies of Esbp are bound to surface-associated E-selectin with affinity at the low nano-molar range, three orders of magnitude stronger than the free Esbp. In addition, the binding affinity of the HPMA-Esbp copolymers to E-selectin expressing IVECs was found to be 10-fold superior relative to non-targeted copolymers. Once bound, E-selectin facilitated rapid internalization and lysosomal trafficking of the copolymers. This lysosomotropism of HPMA-Esbp-bound DOX copolymers was then correlated with a 150-fold higher cytotoxicity relative to non-targeted HPMA-DOX conjugates. These findings strongly support the emerging role of E-selectin as a viable target for controlled drug delivery in cancer therapy.

This review surveyed recent literature focused on factors that affect myoglobin chemistry, meat color, pigment redox stability, and methodology used to evaluate these properties. The appearance of meat and meat products is a complex topic involving animal genetics, ante-and postmortem conditions, fundamental muscle chemistry, and many factors related to meat processing, packaging, distribution, storage, display, and final preparation for consumption. These factors vary globally, but the variables that affect basic pigment chemistry are reasonably consistent between countries. Essential for maximizing meat color life is an understanding of the combined effects of two fundamental muscle traits, oxygen consumption and metmyoglobin reduction. In the antemortem sector of research, meat color is being related to genomic quantitative loci, numerous pre-harvest nutritional regimens, and housing and harvest environment. Our knowledge of postmortem chilling and pH effects, atmospheres used for packaging, antimicrobial interventions, and quality and safety of cooked color are now more clearly defined. The etiology of bone discoloration is now available. New color measurement methodology, especially digital imaging techniques, and improved modifications to existing methodology are now available. Nevertheless, unanswered questions regarding meat color remain. Meat scientists should continue to develop novel ways of improving muscle color and color stability while also focusing on the basic principles of myoglobin chemistry.

The sculptor Richard Long practices a variety of art based largely on taking walks around the countryside. He documents his expeditions by marking his route on a map, taking a representative photograph, or making a word 'poster. I' Assemblages of rocks or other materials are exhibited in galleries. His work shows a subtle understanding of esthetic aspects of the landscape in developing an afistic sense of 'Dlace" from which geographers may learn much about perception.

Cette these interdisciplinaire traite de l&#39;oeuvre artistique de Christo et Jeanne-Claude. Elle investit la dimension spatiale de la production artistique et la dimension spatiale de la reception esthetique d&#39;un objet d&#39;art textile in situ outdoors. Elle met en oeuvre pour ce faire des references aux theories de l&#39;action et une approche phenomenologique. En travaillant les articulations entre objet textile, objet d&#39;art et oeuvre d&#39;art, elle montre que la dimension spatiale de l&#39;objet d&#39;art, celle qui est donnee a l&#39;experience, n&#39;est pas pensable independamment de la dimension spatiale de l&#39;oeuvre d&#39;art, celle qui est construite dans l&#39;action artistique. Elle montre, par ailleurs, que l&#39;objet textile est utilise par le spectateur, dans le cadre de l&#39;objet-lieu d&#39;art, pour une experience esthetique qui n&#39;est pas seulement visuelle mais tactile. Cette utilisation d&#39;objet explique le recours a la psychanalyse transit...

This study examined the effects of location within a package and display time on the incidence of premature browning in patties made from ground beef packaged in a high-oxygen modified atmosphere (80% oxygen and 20% carbon dioxide) or in vacuum for up to 14 d. On days 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, and 14 of display, patties were formed from both top and bottom portions of tissue exposed to high-oxygen. These patties contained predominantly oxymyoglobin and metmyoglobin at the time of formation and cooking. As display progressed, the percentage of oxymyoglobin decreased (P < 0.05) and metmyoglobin increased (P < 0.05) in the patties for both locations, whereas the percentage of deoxymyoglobin remained stable at less than 2%. Samples that were vacuum-packaged contained predominantly deoxymyoglobin. Patties from high-oxygen packages cooked to a temperature of 71.1°C were prematurely brown (P < 0.05) compared with vacuum-packaged samples. Patties containing predominantly deoxymyoglobin remained pinker than patties cooked directly from high-oxygen packages (lower visual color score, higher a* value; P < 0.05) on the interior after cooking. Data in this study clearly demonstrate that, regardless of time in display, nearly 100% of patties formed from high-oxygen-packaged ground beef would be prematurely brown when cooked and could pose a food safety problem if not cooked to an endpoint temperature ensuring safety.

[ITA] La posizione dell’isola di Ponza, strategica per il controllo delle rotte marittime da e per il porto di Napoli, ha fatto sì che l’interesse Reale si spingesse oltre il semplice controllo del territorio con un presidio militare, ma che si realizzasse con la promozione di numerose indagini e di diversi tentativi di popolamento. Nel corso dei secoli è stata prodotta una copiosa cartografia che, di fatto, rappresenta una serie di istantanee dello stato dell’isola relative ai diversi momenti di interesse. Attraverso la lettura diacronica della produzione cartografica, che tra il XVI e il XIX secolo ha avuto come oggetto Ponza, è possibile compiere un’analisi di lungo periodo sugli usi del suolo che hanno interessato quest’isola, al termine della quale è possibile affermare che si può riscontrare una maturazione e un consolidamento di questo processo a seguito allo stanziamento della popolazione voluto dai Borbone tra il 1734 e il 1779, evento che ha caratterizzato intensamente il tessuto urbano e sociale.

[ENG] The localization of the Island of Ponza, strategic to control maritime routes to and from the port of Naples, has meant that the Royal interest on it was alway over the simple military control of the territory and a lot of surveys and popultation processes were promotend along the Modern era. During several centuries a great cartographic production was made: this rapresents the Island condition over the years. Through the analisys of this production, especially that of XVI-XIX centuries, it’s possible to have a long-period view on soil usage on Ponza. In the end, it’s possible affirm that after Borbonic population policies (1734-1779) the usage of soil became intensive and efficient as the environment was changed by new urban settlements.

A comparison of two theoretical trends in cartography, Map Design and "semiologie graphique", following the works of Arthur H. Robinson (in the US) and Jacques Bertin (in France). The paper questions their development, respective influence and relationships (or absence of relationships)

Assessment of soil erosion is expensive and intensively long exercise. A number of parametric models have been developed to forecast soil erosion at drainage basins, yet Universal Soil Loss Equation, popularly known as USLE model is most widely used empirical formula for estimating annual soil loss from agricultural basins. With the advance of Remote Sensing technique it becomes possible to measure hydrologic parameters on spatial scales while Geographic Information System integrates the spatial analytical functionality for spatially distributed data. In the present paper the application of USLE model and GIS, for soil loss estimation has been presented for the Tandula reservoir catchment area on Tanudula River at Balod Tehsil of Durg district of Chhattisgarh State, India. The result obtained from USLE model has been compared with existing model , Nayak and Khosla;s method, it is observed that USLE with GIS give better result as compared to other two methods. Keywords—GIS, ILWIS, Ma...

Object detection performance, as measured on the canonical PASCAL VOC dataset, has plateaued in the last few years. The best-performing methods are complex ensemble systems that typically combine multiple low-level image features with high-level context. In this paper, we propose a simple and scalable detection algorithm that improves mean average precision (mAP) by more than 30% relative to the previous best result on VOC 2012-achieving a mAP of 53.3%. Our approach combines two key insights:

Depuis plus de 20 ans maintenant, l’intermédialité transforme radicalement notre façon de penser les textes, tous médias confondus. Elle a provoqué de nouvelles synergies entre les disciplines, induit de nouveaux partages et emprunts méthodologiques, et même permis d’établir de nouvelles lignes de démarcation entre les cultures universitaires. Alors que la revue Intermédialités/Intermediality fête ses 15 ans, nous nous proposons de faire le point sur les différentes conceptions que l’on se fait de l’intermédialité à l’international. « Cartographier (l’intermédialité) » signifie donc que l’on s’intéressera aux divers cadres institutionnels et méthodologiques qu’elle rencontre à travers les mondes universitaires qu’elle traverse, mais aussi à l’extraordinaire variété d’objets auxquels elle se retrouve appliquée. Comment l’intermédialité permet-elle de distinguer les cultures universitaires ? Est-il possible d’unifier les conceptions que l’on se fait de l’intermédialité à partir des disciplines où elle apparaît plus ou moins incidemment (comme dans les études littéraires, les études cinématographiques, les études théâtrales, l’anthropologie, les cultural studies, les (video)game studies, etc.) ? Ou sont-ce plutôt la langue et la tradition de recherche nationale qui sont déterminantes pour l’unité des conceptions que l’on se fait de l’intermédialité ? Quels sont les concepts communs que les domaines d’études émergents — en particulier celui de l’écologie des médias — doivent à l’intermédialité ? Enfin, quel rapport entretient l’intermédialité avec de récents « grands tournants » en sciences humaines, par exemple la montée des humanités numériques ou encore celle des new materialisms ?

Applicando la nozione di «lotta sulla geografia», formulata da Edward W. Said, il contributo ricostruisce la fisionomia duplice della Milano descritta nel romanzo di Elio Vittorini "Uomini e no": luogo al contempo apocalittico (se occupata dai nazisti) e utopico (se palcoscenico della lotta di liberazione partigiana).

Recensione da: Gerión
2009, 27, núm. 2, 125-261

Francesca Mattaliano, por su parte, aborda en el capítulo décimo (“Il papiro di Artemidoro tra Eratostene e Strabone”) la importancia del Papiro de Artemidoro en lo que respecta al análisis de la Península Ibérica y la influencia del mismo en la obra de Estrabón y, por ende, en la concepción que de Iberia se tiene en gran parte
de la Antigüedad y en nuestros días. La autora acompaña su texto con variadas ilustraciones tanto del propio papiro como de otros mapas antiguos (la Tabula Peutingeriana o el mapa de Soleto) que permiten contextualizar las concepciones geográficas de la época.

Due to their poor preservation state, an early 20th c map series, property of Lesvos General State Archives, has, until recently, been constituting of unexploited cartographic material. Deteriorations included material and geographical information losses, foreign matter, bending, photodegradation, and mechanical damage. This paper presents the conservation and digitization methods for one of the maps, measuring 100x98 cm. Upon completion of conservation treatment, the map was scanned and digitized. Based upon coordinate sampling from building corners built earlier than 1920, the map was georefered in the GCSGGRS-1987 Geographical Coordinated System using Greek Grid as a Projected Coordinated System.
Meanwhile, georeferencing was performed on a 1953 Mytilene town map series, which had been constituting the urban structure of the town up to 1985. The superimposition and comparison of two maps revealed that the 1953 maps constitute copies of the older map series, with sole differences the designing in a different orientation and in different paper dimensions. The comparative study of the two maps leads to the conclusion that the map series belonging to the General State Archives had been drawn in a 1:500 scale, and portray the urban structure of Mytilene town in the years between 1920-1922.

Purpose – The purposes of this study were to measure the relevance status of Index Islamicus, evaluate the semantic correlation between a query and documents and inquire the basis of its rank. Sorting the retrieved results from the most relevant to the least relevant is the common option of an information retrieval system. This sorting mechanism or relevance judgment is computed by measuring closeness of query with its documents. Design/methodology/approach – Forming up 100 queries on Islamic History and Civilizations, with two indexing elements (keyword and concept), a laboratory experiment was generated on its first ten items of the rank. Throughout an experimental research design, the relevance status value formula was used to measure system-computed rank and compare it with mean average precision. Findings – The results showed that the average status value of Index Islamicus’s ranking on relevance criterion was 18 per cent effective in terms of retrieving precise documents. Desp...

"""""During Mussolini’s fascist regime, the Atlante internazionale del Touring Club Italiano – produced in Milan (1927-1938) and widely recognised far beyond the borders of Italy – included among its plates two maps of European ethnic groups. The makers of the TCI’s atlas passed on to us a specific approach to determine the kind of collective that ought to be considered an ethnic group.
The enigmatic second reprint of the fifth edition (1938) was inexplicably not accompanied by the symbolic features required by the fascist authorities, but, after World War II started, the new version of the “Europa etnografica” map – on a 1:12.000.000 scale – clearly showed the changes that occurred in the political context.
Link:
https://www.j-reading.org/index.php/geography/article/view/57/50"""""

For over twenty years now, intermediality has radically transformed the ways we think about texts across media. It has introduced new synergies between disciplines, new ways of sharing and borrowing methodologically, and it has even established new lines of demarcation between academic cultures. Thus, as the journal Intermédialités/Intermediality celebrates its fifteenth anniversary, this issue charts the diversity of current conceptions of intermediality. Emphasizing the concept’s far-reaching international dimension, “Mapping (Intermediality)” focuses on the diverse institutional frameworks and methodologies that intermediality encounters as it traverses numerous academic worlds, as well as on the extraordinary variety of its objects of study. How does intermediality allow us to distinguish among academic cultures? Furthermore, is it possible to unify conceptions of intermediality based on an observation of those disciplines where it is routinely practiced, but often without much theorization (as is the case in literary studies, cinema studies, theater studies, anthropology, cultural studies, (video) game studies, etc.)? Or, rather, might it be language specificity and national research traditions, primarily, that consolidate understandings of what constitutes intermediality? What are some of the overarching concepts that emerging fields of study (in particular that of media ecology) owe to intermediality? And what is the connection between intermediality and important recent shifts in the humanities, such as the rise of digital humanities or new materialisms?

In the beginning of the 19th century, thematic cartography was enriched with subjects related to the human world. In particular, the enthusiasm for statistics put on the foreground several topics drawn from what we would call today “social sciences”: demography, political economics, and moral statistics. In this context, most of the methods of quantitative mapping were invented within a short period, between 1826 and 1850. This article deals with the first and the most popular among these methods, the shaded map, which is credited to the Frenchman Charles Dupin. We explore the circumstances in which it was imagined, and its modes of diffusion in European cartography. Dupin’s shaded map became quickly famous and was imitated by scholars in the field of vital and moral statistics, then of medicine and anthropology. We suggest that these thematic maps were not neutral illustrations, but were primarily conceived as arguments in scientific or ideological debates, and that their sign system played a major role in their persuasive effect.

This paper presents a complete study and comparison of the efficiency of three types of packaging system: active packaging, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and combinations of both. To choose the best option, we must take into account microbiological results as well as sensory quality; therefore, a complete sensory study and an in-depth statistical study were carried out, in order to evaluate each option and their interactions. The results showed that active packaging considerably increases the shelf life of packaged food, so it could be an attractive option to extend the shelf life. The active packaging provided better sensorial properties than the MAP option. Positive factors like characteristic flavour and spongy texture had higher values in the absence of MAP, and negative properties like cinnamon flavour, crumbly texture and hardness reached higher values when MAP was present in the packaged food. So when microbiological and sensorial properties are taken into account, the active packaging is a better option than MAP to increase shelf life because it inhibits microbial growth while maintaining the high quality of sensorial properties for glutenfree breads.

Samsun il merkezi, son 25 yılda konut ihtiyacının artması nedeniyle hızla yapılaşmaya açılmıştır. Nüfus artışının etkisiyle yapılaşma, kentin güney sırtlarına doğru ilerlemiştir. Bu bölgede, ilgili kamu kurumlarının gözlemlediği ve sınıflandırdığı çok sayıda heyelan mevcuttur. Can ve mal kayıplarının önüne geçmek için yapılaşmaya açılan bölgelerde önceden saptanmış heyelanların yeniden değerlendirilmesi ve olası heyelan alanlarının tespit edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmada, Samsun il merkezinin heyelan duyarlılık haritasının üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Duyarlılık haritasının üretilmesinde, literatürde yaygın olarak kullanıldığı tespit edilen Frekans Oranı metodu kullanılmıştır. Değerlendirmelerde bölgeye ait jeolojik formasyon, yükseklik, eğim, bakı, eğrilik, plan ve profil eğriliği, yola ve akarsuya yakınlık parametreleri dikkate alınmıştır.

Vous pouvez faire des transformations ou tout autre traitement avec cha-cune des valeurs lues dans l'array source. Les résultats obtenus pour chaque élément de l'array source parcourue par le callBack sera PUSHÉ dans l'array de retrour.

Par exemple ici, le calcul des IMC pour chaque poids & taille.

<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
  "use strict";
  console.log(`Calcul IMC`);

  const srcArI = [
      {pds:49,tail:129},
      {pds:130,tail:170},
      {pds:31,tail:142}
  ];

  const retArI = srcArI.map(p => {
          console.log(
              "Pour le poids et taille " , p
          );
          console.log(
              `Poids = ${p.pds} , Taille = ${p.tail}`
          );
          return "IMC = " +
              Math.round(p.pds/Math.pow(p.tail/100,2));
      }
  );

  console.log(`${"srcArI".padEnd(10," ")} = `, srcArI);
  console.log(`${"retArI".padEnd(10," ")} = ` , retArI);
</script>

==========

La méthode Array . reduce ( ) :

Applique une action à l’ensemble de tous les éléments de l’Array (du premier au dernier), l’opération s’effectuant de l’extrême gauche vers l’extrême droite, avec possibilité de cumuler automatiquement les résultats intermédiaires dans le deuxième paramètre.

La méthode « Array . reduce ( ) » exécute, via un callBack, une tâche pour chaque élément d'un array donné, par exemple « srcArray », et re-tourne le résultat final obtenu avec le traitement de chacun des éléments de l'Array de départ ou array source.

Le callBack de la méthode « .reduce » prend deux paramètres :
1. Le premier paramètrre du callBack est la valeur de départ, représentée par le deuxième paramètre de la méthode « ar-ray.reduce » si elle est présente, sinon le premier élément de l’array source. Ce deuxième paramètre de la méthode « .reduce » est optionnel. La valeur retournée par « return » est directement récupérée par ce premier paramètre du callBack de « .reduce » et écrase celle qui y était en cours.

2. Le deuxième paramètre du callBack est la variable tempo-raire qui parcourera (prendra à tour de role) les valeurs de chaque élément de l'array source sauf celle déjà prise par le premier para-mètre, donc sauf éventuellement la première.

==========

BENCHMARK REDUCE vs RÉCURSIVITÉ :

<script type="text/javascript">  'use strict';
  let DEBUT=new Date();

  const base = 10;
  let fact, deb, fin, r=10000000;


console.log("/* ",r.toExponential(2), "BENCHMARKS DE FAC-TORIELLE */");

console.log("/******** PAR RÉCURSIVITÉ */");

    function factor (base){
        if(base==1) return 1;
        return base * factor(base-1);
    };

deb = new Date();
/**/  for(let k=0;k<r;k++){
/**/      fact = factor(base);
/**/  }
fin = new Date();

  console.log(`Factorial = ${fact}`);
  console.log("Durée = " , fin-deb+ " ms");


/*****/


console.log("/******** AVEC REDUCE */");

  let arr = new Array(base).fill(1);
  let c=1;

deb = new Date();
/**/  for(let k=0;k<r;k++){
/**/    const fact = arr.reduce((pi, v) => {
/**/          return pi * c++;
/**/      },
/**/      1 // 2è paramètre du callBack de .reduce()
/**/    );
/**/  }
fin = new Date();

  console.log(`Factorial = ${fact}`);
  console.log("Durée = " , fin-deb+ " ms");

  console.log(
    "DURÉE TOTALE D'EXÉCUTION = ",
    new Date()-DEBUT, "ms");
</script>

In this work we present a pedestrian navigation system for indoor environments based on the dead reckoning positioning method, 2D barcodes, and data from accelerometers and magnetometers. All the sensing and computing technologies of our solution are available in common smart phones. The need to create indoor navigation systems arises from the inaccessibility of the classic navigation systems, such as GPS, in indoor environments.

Clustering is needed in various applications such as biometric person authentication, speech coding and recognition, image compression and information retrieval. Hundreds of clustering methods have been proposed for the task in various fields but, surprisingly, there are few extensive studies actually comparing them. An important question is how much the choice of a clustering method matters for the final pattern recognition application. Our goal is to provide a thorough experimental comparison of clustering methods for text-independent speaker verification. We consider parametric Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and non-parametric vector quantization (VQ) model using the best known clustering algorithms including iterative (K-means, random swap, expectation-maximization), hierarchical (pairwise nearest neighbor, split, split-and-merge), evolutionary (genetic algorithm), neural (self-organizing map) and fuzzy (fuzzy C-means) approaches. We study recognition accuracy, processing time, clustering validity, and correlation of clustering quality and recognition accuracy. Experiments from these complementary observations indicate clustering is not a critical task in speaker recognition and the choice of the algorithm should be based on computational complexity and simplicity of the implementation. This is mainly because of three reasons: the data is not clustered, large models are used and only the best algorithms are considered. For low-order models, choice of the algorithm, however, can have a significant effect.

Osteoporosis is a major health problem in both elderly women and men. Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between tea consumption and the prevention of age-related bone loss in elderly women and men. Ingestion of green tea and green tea bioactive compounds may be beneficial in mitigating bone loss of this population and decreasing their risk of osteoporotic fractures. This review describes the effect of green tea or its bioactive components on bone health, with an emphasis on: (i) the prevalence and etiology of osteoporosis, (ii) the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in osteoporosis, (iii) green tea composition and bioavailability, (iv) the effects of green tea and its active components on osteogenesis, osteoblastogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis from human epidemiological, animal, as well as cell culture studies, (v) possible mechanisms explaining the osteoprotective effects of green tea bioactive compounds, (vi) other bioactive components in tea that benefit bone health, and (vii) a summary and future direction of green tea and bone health research and the translational aspects. In general, tea and its bioactive components might decrease the risk of fracture by improving bone mineral density (BMD) and supporting osteoblastic activities while suppressing osteoclastic activities.