Influenza virus

In 1989, a new type of antibody was identified, first in the sera of dromedaries and later also in all other species of the Camelidae family. These antibodies do not contain a light chain and also lack the first constant heavy domain. Today it is still unclear what the evolutionary advantage of such heavy chain-only antibodies could be. In sharp contrast, the broad applicability of the isolated variable antigen-binding domains (VHH) was rapidly recognized, especially for the development of therapeutic proteins, called Nanobodies Ò . Here we summarize first some of the unique characteristics and features of VHHs. These will next be described in the context of different experimental therapeutic applications of Nanobodies against different viruses: HIV, Hepatitis B virus, influenza virus, Respiratory Syncytial virus, Rabies virus, FMDV, Poliovirus, Rotavirus, and PERVs. Next, the diagnostic application of VHHs (Vaccinia virus, Marburg virus and plant Tulip virus X), as well as an industrial application (lytic lactococcal 936 phage) will be described. In addition, the described data show that monovalent Nanobodies can possess unique characteristics not observed with conventional antibodies. The straightforward formatting into bivalent, multivalent, and/or multispecific Nanobodies allowed tailoring molecules for potency and cross-reactivity against viral targets with high sequence diversity.

An account of the negative aliens' relatively recent agendas with respect to, once again, resorting to bio-viral weaponization and bio-warfare using a viral agent such as the so-called coronavirus as to try to depopulate Earth with the underlying mission to establish a so-called New World Order to create a completely docile human race that could be readily controlled via the advent of artificial intelligence through such technologies as transhumanism and alien hybridization, has been presented, herein. It should be emphasized that such tactics for effecting genetic mutation and hybridization are not new by any stretch of imagination, as they go as far back in the history of human enslavement by the negative aliens, the more recent accounts of which that go back to WWI and WWII in order to depopulate and create genocide in human population, has been alluded to in the present paper. In a companion paper, much deeper root of negative aliens' interference in human consciousness affairs, that set the precedence for 'human consciousness reversal' through distorting human bioenergetics-genetics, has been explicated. Although the more devastating result of the present virus is devised to be as to incite anxiety, fear, and pandemonium in the humanity by threating human population with fear of survival through genocide, countless

Most cytotoxic drugs have gross effects on the immune system, such as neutropenia and lymphopenia. However, their effects on tumor-specific immune responses are unknown. Gemcitabine is a nucleoside analogue that is frequently used to treat non-small cell lung cancer. It is also active in other malignancies, either alone or in combination with cisplatin. Here, we investigate its effects on antigen-specific antitumor immunity using a murine tumor cell line transfected to express influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA). CD4(+), CD8(+), and B220(+) lymphocyte numbers all decreased during chemotherapy (120 microg/g, i.p., every third day for five doses), but B cells were selectively depleted. Gemcitabine induced a profound suppression of the IgG antibody response to HA, and this was unrelated to tumor size. In contrast, in vitro T-lymphocyte recall responses to the class I- and class II-restricted dominant peptide epitopes of HA were enhanced in tumor-bearing, gemcitabine-treated mice. We fou...

Sinopsis.
Frecuentemente nos llegan noticias sobre la aparición de nuevas infecciones virales: un nuevo virus de la gripe H7N9 en China, una nueva cepa de coronavirus en Oriente Medio; fiebres tropicales y dengue en el sur de Europa, brotes del virus del Nilo Occidental en EE.UU., Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo y Severo (SARS), Ébola en África, gripe aviar H5N1, gripe porcina en México, SIDA, Chikungunya… Se calcula que la denominada gripe española de 1918 causó más de 25 millones de muertos. Desde que se descubrió el primer caso de SIDA en 1981, ha habido unos 60 millones de personas infectadas de las cuales más de 20 millones han muerto.
¿Qué tienen en común todas estas infecciones?: Que han sido causadas por un virus. Hoy en día, en pleno siglo XXI, ¿puede un virus cambiar el mundo?, ¿puede haber una nueva epidemia mundial?, ¿por qué surgen nuevas infecciones virales?
En este curso se explica qué es un virus, cómo se trasmiten, cuál es el origen del virus del SIDA y de cómo se originan los nuevos virus de la gripe. Se habla del Ébola, la rabia y el Chikungunya. Vemos cómo se puede trabajar con virus y cómo podemos controlarlos. Todo ello con los últimos avances científicos en virología. Se contestan a estas y otras preguntas en un lenguaje científico pero muy divulgativo.

Conversions of the C-5 acetamide group in sialic acid into two kinds of C@C double bond substituents were accomplished under Shotten-Baumann conditions. The polymerizable glycomonomers also contain a hydrophobic chain or hydroxyl group at the anomeric position. Radical polymerizations of the fully protected glycomonomers were carried out with acryl amide in the presence of ammonium persulfate (APS) and N,N,N 0 ,N 0 -tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED), followed by deprotection to furnish water-soluble glycopolymers. The activities of the deprotected glycopolymers and glycomonomers against human influenza viruses (H1N1 and H3N2) and avian influenza virus (H5N3) were evaluated. Biological evaluations showed that the glycomonomers containing a long hydrophobic chain at the anomeric position had both hemagglutination and neuraminidase inhibitory activities.

Although in¯uenza viruses can infect a wide variety of birds and mammals, the natural host of the virus is wild waterfowl, shorebirds, and gulls. When other species of animals, including chickens, turkeys, swine, horses, and humans, are infected with in¯uenza viruses, they are considered aberrant hosts. The distinction between the normal and aberrant host is important when describing virus evolution in the different host groups. The evolutionary rate of in¯uenza virus in the natural host reservoirs is believed to be slow, while in mammals the rate is much higher. The higher rate of evolution in mammals is thought to be a result of selective pressure on the virus to adapt to an aberrant host species. Chickens and turkey in¯uenza virus isolates have previously and incorrectly been lumped together with wild waterfowl, gull, and shorebird in¯uenza viruses when determining rates of evolutionary change. To determine mutational and evolutionary rates of a virus in any host species, two primary assumptions must be met: ®rst, all isolates included in the analysis must have descended from a single introduction of the virus, and second, the outbreak must continue long enough to determine a trend. For poultry, three recent outbreaks of avian in¯uenza meet these criteria, and the sequences of the hemagglutinin and nonstructural genes were compared. Sequences from all three outbreaks were compared to an avian in¯uenza virus consensus sequence, which at the amino acid level is highly conserved for all the internal viral proteins. The consensus sequence also provides a common point of origin to compare all in¯uenza viruses. The evolutionary rates determined for all three outbreaks were similar to what is observed in mammals, providing strong evidence of adaptation of in¯uenza to the new host species, chickens and turkeys. #

Influenza contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in the winter season. The aim of the study was to identify clinical signs and symptoms most predictive of influenza infection in children and adults with influenza-like illness. A prospective systematic sampling analysis of clinical data collected through sentinel surveillance system for influenza in 32 primary care centers and one tertiary care hospital in Slovenia during two consecutive influenza seasons (2004/2005 and 2005/2006) was carried out. Children and adults who had influenza-like illness, defined as febrille illness with sudden onset, prostration and weakness, muscle and joint pain and at least (cough, sore throat, coryza) were included and tested for influenza A and B virus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and enterovirus by RT-PCR. Clinical data were evaluated in statistical models to identify the best predictors for the confirmation of influenza for children (under age of 15) and adults. Of 1,286 pa...

Avian influenza has emerged as one of the most ubiquitous viruses within our biosphere. Wild aquatic birds are believed to be the primary reservoir of all influenza viruses; however, the spillover of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and the recent swine-origin pandemic H1N1 viruses have sparked increased interest in identifying and understanding which and how many species can be infected. Moreover, novel influenza virus sequences were recently isolated from New World bats. Crocodilians have a slow rate of molecular evolution and are the sister group to birds; thus they are a logical reptilian group to explore susceptibility to influenza virus infection and they provide a link between birds and mammals. A primary American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) cell line, and embryos, were infected with four, low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) strains to assess susceptibility to infection. Embryonated alligator eggs supported virus replication, as evidenced by the influenza virus M gene and infectious virus detected in allantoic fluid and by virus antigen staining in embryo tissues. Primary alligator cells were also inoculated with the LPAI viruses and showed susceptibility based upon antigen staining; however, the requirement for trypsin to support replication in cell culture limited replication. To assess influenza virus replication in culture, primary alligator cells were inoculated with H1N1 human influenza or H5N1 HPAI viruses that replicate independent of trypsin. Both viruses replicated efficiently in culture, even at the 30 C temperature preferred by the alligator cells. This research demonstrates the ability of wild-type influenza viruses to infect and replicate within two crocodilian substrates and suggests the need for further research to assess crocodilians as a species potentially susceptible to influenza virus infection.

While the precise function of CD8aa homodimer expression on peripheral T cells is uncertain, recent evidence indicates that it facilitates survival and differentiation of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-specific memory CD8ab T cell precursors in vivo. Here, we show that the CD8aa homodimer is also transiently up-regulated on influenza A virus-specific CD8ab T cells after infection in vivo, temporally correlating with increased levels of the memory T cell development-and survival-related molecules IL-7Ra and Bcl-2, respectively. Unlike with LCMV, however, deletion of the CD8aa enhancer I does not abrogate CD8aa homodimer expression or manifest a significant impact on the generation of virus-specific, functional effector and central memory T cells in influenza A virus infection. These results demonstrate that the role of CD8aa in the generation of antiviral CD8 T cell memory is complex, presumably because various viral stimuli differentially regulate CD8aa expression. Further studies are needed to define those ligands that induce CD8aa on T cells during acute viral infections, and the general relevance of this process to memory T cell formation. See accompanying commentary: https://dx.Abbreviations: E8 I : CD8aa enhancer I Á IEL: intraepithelial lymphocytes Á LCMV: lymphocytic choreomeningitis virus Á MLN: mediastinal lymph node Á NP 366 tet: NP 366-374 /D b tetramer Á TL: thymic leukemia antigen Á TL tet: TL tetramer Eur.

This very short medical communication proposes that potent NRF2-activating dietary supplements (like resveratrol, sulforaphane, curcumin, “Asea redox supplement” [ARS] etc.) should be clinically tested as safe adjuvants (in various combinations) in all types of medium and severe cases of aggressive respiratory viral infections (including Influenza A/B/C, SARS, MERS, COVID-19, measles, avian influenza etc., including those patients who have important comorbidities like HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis [TB] etc.) based on their extrapolated cytoprotective antioxidant effects (especially on the main vital organs: brain, heart, lungs, kidneys and liver), including the extrapolated strong cytoprotection offered by ARS on the cardiac muscle of DMD patients (which can be extrapolated to the lungs), like the author of this paper has demonstrated in past papers.
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A study “Influenza viruses. Methods” comprises two parts. The first part includes a contemporary view on influenza viruses structure and reproduction, epidemiology and immunopathogenesis of influenza infection, preventive vaccination, and etiotropic drugs. The second part describes detailed protocols of main methods for studying influenza viruses including sampling and transportation of virus-containing clinical material, cultivation of viruses in cell cultures and chicken embryos, serological methods for virus typing and subtyping, investigation of specific blood sera to detect the presence of antibodies to different influenza virus types/subtypes, study of viruses sensitivity to anti-influenza drugs, production of recombinant viruses using reverse genetics approach.  This book is dedicated to virologists, molecular biologists, health workers, as well as graduate and post-graduate students specializing in virology.

İnsanlık, ilkel yaşamdan bugünkü uygarlığa erişim sürecinde yalnız gözle görebildiği varlık ve maddi dünya ile değil, aynı zamanda gözle göremediği; yüzyıllarca insana saldıran, tehdit eden, öldüren bir dünya ile de mücadele etmiştir. Bugün iyi bilinen bu mikrobik dünyayı uzun süre görememiş, anlayamamış; fakat onun marifetlerini gözlemiş, duymuş ve yaşamıştır. İnsanlar her ne kadar kaza, savaş ve yaşlılık gibi aracılarla ölüm olgusunu tanıyıp kabullenmiş olsalar da ölümün birer ikişer değil de yüzer, biner gerçekleştiği anlarda bu durumu anlamlandırmakta bile zorlanmışlardır 1 . Salgın hastalık kaynaklı bu ani ve yoğun ölümlerin sebepleri, erken dönemlerden itibaren çok uzun süre sadece ilahi ve kutsi ifadelerle açıklanmaya çalışılmış ve insanın kendi günah ve kabahatlerine karşı ilahi güçlerin insanlara verdiği bir ceza olarak algılanmıştır 2 .

This manuscript presents an introduction to the phenomenon of viral bio-spiritual weaponization and warfare that describes the crux of the present and many other retroviruses launched against us during the course of our history by a nefarious group of energetically parasitic beings that is collectively referred to as 'negative aliens.' This is a new age of enlightenment and humanity is only beginning to awaken from slumber and unconsciousness to realize that, indeed, we are all energetic beings comprised of quanta of energy that when is congealed, forms the dark matter essence of our core manifestation body that, in turn, is arranged in a multidimensional configuration that is referred to as our 'morphogenetic field.' Accordingly, what you have not been taught is that your 'genetic' essence or body is comprised of the same quanta of energy that function via your bioenergetics in the form of your Light Body or Aura, an ovoid contour of energy that defines your 'consciousness space.' Indeed, we all thrive within a consciousness 'field' comprised of countless Light as well as 'dark' beings that either share the space-time we thrive in physically, or are privy to look upon us from higher 'grounds,' that we refer to as inner or higher dimensions of consciousness, going all the way to the innermost of Cosmos, in which our God-SOURCE, as an incredibly Omnipotent, Omniscient, Omnipresent fountain of energy and the progenitor of our consciousness, provides its energetic to us via an open loop of energy of consciousness. And, within this field of consciousness there also

An overview of how viruses-retroviruses could be utilized as to instigate viral bio-weaponization and bio-warfare (much like other pathogens as bacteria, fungi, etc.), as well as a highlight of the history of how this has occurred in the past, has been presented. In particular, two issues need to be clarified here. First of all, almost all of our history of evolution prior to 5,500 years ago has been purged from the records, as well any memory of such happenings have been blank-slated from our consciousness memories. Secondly, that humanity has been lurking in the low dimensional level of consciousness, without having a clue about some of the advanced technologies with regard to the true nature of its genetics, and the possibility of its manipulation leading to genetic mutations and alien hybridization. However, as of more recently, with the advent of knowledge of radiation technological development, together with more novel approaches as nanotechnology in materials science, as well as the fact that we are beginning to better understand the nature of our bioenergetics and the role it plays in our genetics and physiognomy and holographic reality, we are beginning to get a better grasp of how a formidable nefarious alien artificial intelligence machinery can play a devastating role in our genetic modification, hybridization, as well as the using viral bio-weaponization for our demise or total annihilation. Thus, in the present paper, the author

The word Influenza comes from mid–18th century Italian and literally means ‘influence’. Similar to how the coronavirus was once best known to cause the common cold, in 1918 Influenza was felt to be so benign a disease that it was not reportable in the United States. And it was not until 1933 that Influenza was “discovered”. So just what was causing the deaths in 1918? And why did the corona “virus” turn so deadly so quickly? Before we can be certain of anything, these questions need to be answered. But to this point, they have not been answered. In the meantime, during both events there was a deadly pandemic of tuberculosis going on, a pandemic which even in 2020 kills one person every 21 seconds for a total of at least 1.5 to 1.8 million dead in 2018 alone. Yet Robert Koch, TB’s discoverer, was repeatedly forced to call it a virus, to assuage other authorities of his time. And, as we shall soon see, the concept that only a new and virulent strain of a virus can be so infectious and kill so quickly is not only fallacious, but dangerous -and completely at odds with what used to be called the acute form of “galloping consumption” [tuberculosis] which did and still can kill in a matter of hours, days or weeks.
“Viral” influenza was informally first mentioned as being behind America’s 1918 influenza pandemic not by a direct study of the disease in humans, but rather from studies on animal diseases. In 1918, J.S. Koen, a veterinarian, observed a disease killing thousands of pigs which he believed to be the same disease as the now infamous influenza Pandemic of 1918. He felt that it was a virus. It was solely his belief. Yet new evidence and older historical findings bring up the possibility that influenza doesn’t originate from a virus –despite the indefatigable efforts, up to the present, of flu enthusiasts to viralize the 1918-19 pandemic. (Burnet F, Clark E. 1942) (Morens DM, Taubenberger JK. 2009). As we shall see, such efforts on the part of viral devotees are nothing new, and began in force with scant evidence in Great Britain during the 1st World War, also known as the Great War.

This study has two goals. The first is to explain the geo-environmental determinants of the accelerated diffusion
of COVID-19 that is generating a high level of deaths. The second is to suggest a strategy to cope with future epidemic
threats similar to COVID-19 having an accelerated viral infectivity in society. Using data on sample of N=
55 Italian province capitals, and data of infected individuals at as of April 7th, 2020, results reveal that the accelerate
and vast diffusion of COVID-19 in North Italy has a high association with air pollution of cities measured
with days exceeding the limits set for PM10 (particulate matter 10 μmor less in diameter) or ozone. In particular,
hinterland cities with average high number of days exceeding the limits set for PM10 (and also having a lowwind
speed) have a very high number of infected people on 7th April 2020 (arithmetic mean is about 2200 infected
individuals, with average polluted days greater than 80 days per year), whereas coastal cities also having days
exceeding the limits set for PM10 or ozone but with high wind speed have about 944.70 average infected individuals,
with about 60 average polluted days per year; moreover, cities having more than 100 days of air pollution
(exceeding the limits set for PM10), they have a very high average number of infected people (about 3350 infected
individuals, 7th April 2020), whereas cities having less than 100 days of air pollution per year, they have
a lower average number of infected people (about 1014 individuals). The findings here also suggest that to minimize
the impact of future epidemics similar to COVID-19, the max number of days per year that Italian provincial
capitals or similar industrialized cities can exceed the limits set for PM10 or for ozone, considering their meteorological
conditions, is about 48 days. Moreover, results here reveal that the explanatory variable of air pollution in  cities seems to be a more important predictor in the initial phase of diffusion of viral infectivity (on 17th March
2020, b1=1.27, p b 0.001) than interpersonal contacts (b2=0.31, p b 0.05). In the second phase of maturity of
the transmission dynamics of COVID-19, air pollution reduces intensity (on 7th April 2020 with b′1 = 0.81,
p b 0.001) also because of the indirect effect of lockdown, whereas regression coefficient of transmission based
on interpersonal contacts has a stable level (b′2=0.31, p b 0.01). This result reveals that accelerated transmission
dynamics of COVID-19 is due tomainly to the mechanismof “air pollution-to-human transmission” (airborne viral infectivity)
rather than “human-to-human transmission”. Overall, then, transmission dynamics of viral infectivity,
such as COVID-19, is due to systemic causes: general factors that are the same for all regions (e.g., biological characteristics
of virus, incubation period, etc.) and specific factors which are different for each region and/or city
(e.g., complex interaction between air pollution, meteorological conditions and biological characteristics of
viral infectivity) and health level of individuals (habits, immune system, age, sex, etc.). Lessons learned for
COVID-19 in the case study here suggest that a proactive strategy to cope with future epidemics is also to
apply especially an environmental and sustainable policy based on reduction of levels of air pollution mainly
in hinterland and polluting cities- (having low wind speed, high percentage of moisture and number of fog
days) -that seem to have an environment that foster a fast transmission dynamics of viral infectivity in society.
Hence, in the presence of polluting industrialization in regions that can trigger the mechanism of air pollutionto-
human transmission dynamics of viral infectivity, this study must conclude that a comprehensive strategy
to prevent future epidemics similar to COVID-19 has to be also designed in environmental and socioeconomic
terms, that is also based on sustainability science and environmental science, and not only in terms of biology,
medicine, healthcare and health sector.

GRIZWALD PREDICTS THE END OF ALL DISEASES AS A RESULT OF THE C-VIRUS
THERE ARE FOUR 100% CURES OF THIS FLU, ALL FLU AND COLDS IN HERE

100% CURES CAN BE BROADCAST - RIFE DID THIS FOR CANCER IN 1934. 

WE ARE INEXTRICABLY HEADED FOR EUPHORIC DREAM TIME = A RAILROAD TRACK
https://www.academia.edu/42009994/ALL_TIME_LINES_LEAD_TO_EUPHORIA 

THE GOLDEN AGE / ACTUALLY LIGHT PURPLE AGE, WHEN EVERYTHING WILL BE ENCHANTED, EUPHORIC AND TOTALLY FREE.  MONEY WILL BECOME OBSOLETE. 

THIS C-VIRUS IS A BUMP ON THE ROAD.  THE FINAL WORD – THAT IS!!.  ACTUALLY A QUITE USEFUL BUMP FOR GETTING MANKIND TO WORK TOGETHER, WHICH IS REQUIRED TO BREAK OUT OF THE MATRIX. 

AND, A LIVELY DISCUSSION FOLLOWS.  INCLUDES PROOF THAT THIS "PANDEMIC" IS A COVER FOR THE MASS ARRESTS OF MILLIONS OF SATANIC CABAL WORLDWIDE.!!!

WE ARE SEEING THE LAST CONVERGENCE OF THE TWO HIVE MIND MOVE TIME LINES.  THE VIRUS WAS CONCOCTED IN THE EXTINCTION EVENT TIME LINE -  THAT IT IS NOT GOING TO WORK IS THE NEW TIME LINE  -  THIS IS A BIG SWITCH OVER.

An overview of what constitutes or signifies a "virus" has been presented. It is explicated that viruses are NOT solar organic living organisms, as inconsistent with what epitomizes a living organic organism, they are: (1) void of a cellular structure, (2) they do not have a digestive nor respiratory system, (3) they do not procreate but are only capable of replication, and that only occurs when they invade the cellular body of an organic living organism and manage to use the genetic material of their invaded host to replicate themselves and multiply while causing genetic mutation of their invaded host, and (4) strictly speaking, they cannot self-evolve and can only mutate with the aid of the genetic material of the cellular structure of the organic organism pf their host. There have been several different theories proposed by biologists, virologists, and generally scientists, with regard to speculations of whether viruses can be construed as living organisms, but all are problematic with regard to their arguments presented. However, one thing is quite certain, that viruses can only exist in the environments that living organism thrive. In this respect, they can best be considered as parasitic 'replicators,' not suggesting that they necessarily feed upon their hosts, but need the genetic materials of their host in order to mutate their host cells to replicate. And, although nefarious viruses can cause infection in the organic body of their host eventuated by triggering the immune response of their host body causing illness and even death of their host, not all viruses are necessarily bad. In fact, viruses may be

Every year we are visited by flu season which causes illness and deaths. Whereas we should all employ all the physical precautions recommended by health authorities, we should also employ  spiritual remedy in conjunction with the physical remedy. The Prophet(SAW) not only employed physical strategy, but also made dua when dealing with challenging situations in his life. The author’s analysis suggests that the dua taught by the Prophet(SAW) when entering the toilette: “Allahumma 'innee 'a'oodho bika minal-khubthi walkhabaa'ith,” should be applicable in all places and all situations where we are exposed to harmful germs. Since flu is a season when we are highly exposed to viruses, this dua should be well suited for this season. As such we should be reciting this dua at a higher frequency, especially when we area in public places.

From the city of Wuhan, China in the far east of Asia; to the slums of Harlem, Manhattan, New York in the United States, North America; and up to the modern city of Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria on the west of Africa, a 'new' virus has forced people to stay in their homes for their own protection and has clogged the wheels of the pieces of machinery responsible for the economic systems of at least 70% of countries in the globe. The newness of this virus is only to the extent of it being a novel organism with no prior immune experience, however, the virulence of a pandemic of this sort is not in any way new-sprung to the chronicles of history. This article takes a trip down the lonely road of times gone by, all the way down to the year 1918, to the pandemic that killed more people than the 1st World War, the outbreak of an influenza Type A-subtype H1N1 progenitor strain, which led to what is considered as the deadliest pandemic in the history of the world which affected about one-third of the world's population. This article explores the similarities between both viruses in terms of their potential effect on society and the lessons that can be learned from a historical standpoint of the 1918 pandemic; it also answers questions as to how the virus can be properly handled based on a historical perspective and how the aftermath of Corona virus would look like. This article also suggests certain lessons the world can and should learn from the 1918 Influenza H1N1 pandemic by making references to a time when merely having a mild headache and flu could mean death.

IndonesIa, sebagai salah satu wilayah berdaulat di dunia, akan dan tetap rentan terkena dampak pandemi influenza. sejarah telah menegaskannya. Penelitian sejarah pan demi influenza 1918 di Hindia Belanda me nyatakan bahwa negara ini punya berbagai pintu masuk untuk berjangkitnya wabah yang merebak di negara lain, seperti influenza; bahwa Hindia Belanda telah merespon pan demi flu tersebut; bahwa penangangan influ en za harus melibatkan semua sektor, tidak hanya kesehatan; bahwa ego individu dan kepentingan kelompok ha rus di ke sam ping­ kan apabila ingin merespon pandemi influenza dengan cepat agar dapat menyelamatkan sebanyak mungkin manusia. oleh karena itu, kelanjutan pene litian mengenai sejarah penyakit semacam ini masih sangat diperlukan. agar dapat di gunakan sebagai bentuk peringatan, baik bagi pemerintah maupun masyarakat umum, tentang perlunya mencari sebanyak­banyaknya informasi dan referensi pe nang anan pandemi influenza pada masa lalu. darI berbagai laporan arsip dan catatan pemerintahan kolonial, influenza ternyata telah lama muncul di Hindia Be landa. Kejadian influenza di wilayah koloni Kerajaan Belanda ini terjadi dalam banyak periode, berulangkali muncul setelah sekian tahun tidak terdeteksi. namun, wabah influenza yang paling besar dampaknya adalah Pandemi Influenza 1918 atau yang dikenal sebagai Flu spanyol. Wabah flu tersebut merupakan wabah pe nyakit yang terganas dalam sejarah umat manusia karena telah meminta korban juta an orang. diperkirakan antara 20 hingga 40 juta orang meninggal dunia karena wabah penyakit mematikan tersebut.

Der Injektionsbetrug - Es ist kein Impfstoff

“Ich gehe davon aus, dass Gardasil der grösste medizinische Skandal aller Zeiten wird, da sich irgendwann die Beweise häufen werden, dass dieser Impfstoff absolut keine Wirkung auf Gebärmutterhalskrebs hat. Und die vielen Nebenwirkungen, die Leben zerstören und sogar töten, dienen nichts anderem, als Gewinne für die Hersteller zu erzielen.“
Dr. Bernard Dalbergue – Ehemaliger Merck-Mitarbeiter

Children’s Health Defense
Verteidigung der Gesundheit von Kindern: Ursachen aufdecken, Gerechtigkeit suchen, Kinder schützen
Aussage von Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.

Ich bin kein Wissenschaftler. Ich bin kein Arzt. Ich bin kein Biotech-Ingenieur. Ich bin kein Anwalt. Ich lese, höre, schätze und versuche jedoch, diejenigen zu verstehen, die es sind.
Ich war Investmentbanker, bis die Politik es unmöglich machte, meine Kunst weiter zu praktizieren. Ich wurde als Portfolio-Stratege ausgebildet - also kartografiere ich meine Welt, indem ich die Finanzströme und die Allokation von Ressourcen beobachte. Ich wurde auch als Verschwörungsgenerator und Fußsoldat ausgebildet - Verschwörungen sind das grundlegende Organisationsprinzip dafür, wie Dinge in unserer Welt getan werden.
Catherine Austin Fitts Full Interview:  Planet Lockdown
In ihren Video, hier im Link, spricht sie ab Minute 43:06 von einer möglichen und machbaren Lösung.
Die ich auch darin sehe energetische Wirklichkeiten in einem Kontext zusammenzustellen, um die energetische Wahrheit zu erkennen und zu leben.
In diesem Aufsatz sind weiter zusammengestellt:
Das Projekt Imanuel das die Ursache der weltweiten P(l)andemie unter die Lupe nimmt + Aufarbeitung der wichtigsten und maßgeblichen Publikation bezüglich SARS-CoV-2
+ Alle nötigen Fachbegriffe und wissenschaftlichen Verfahren der Virologie und Mikrobiologie, die man kennen und verstehen muss, werden für jedermann leicht verständlich erklärt und mittels vieler Beispiele veranschaulicht.
+ Die Corona-Krise wird komplett aufgerollt.
+ Die Widerlegung der Existenzbehauptung krankmachender Viren
+ Fast alle Fragen, die die Menschen umtreibt, werden beantwortet
+ Ein einzigartiges Projekt, bei dem alle Folgen kostenlos bleiben
Vaxxed v. Unvaxxed: Klage versucht, Amerikaner vor Diskriminierung aufgrund des Impfstatus zu schützen.
Eine aussergewöhnliche Rede in aussergewöhnlichen Zeiten
Die Rede des bolivianischen Vizepräsidenten
David Choquehuanca zum Amtsantritt am 8. November 2020.
Verbinden sie die hier aufgeführten Artikel zu ihrer neuen energetischen Wahrheit, wenn sie es überprüfen.

taining peptide immunogens was examined. The most potent synthetic immunogens for eliciting pulmonary viral-clearing responses contained peptides representing determinants for CD4 and CD8 T cells (TH and CTL peptides, respectively) together with two or four palmitic acid (Pal) groups. Inoculated in adjuvant, these Pal2or Pal4-CTL-TH lipopeptides and the nonlipidated CTL peptide induced equivalent levels of cytolytic activity in the primary effector phase of the response. The ability to recall lytic responses, however, diminished much more rapidly in CTL peptide-primed than in lipopeptide-primed mice. By 15 months postpriming, the recalled lytic activity in lipopeptide-inoculated mice remained potent, but the response induced by the CTL peptide was weak. Enumeration of specific gamma interferon-secreting CD8 T cells revealed that a greater number of these T cells had entered or remained in the memory pool in lipopeptide-primed mice, arguing for a quantitative rather than qualitative enhancement of the response on recall. Addition of either the lipid or the TH peptide to the CTL peptide was not sufficient to provide these long-lived antiviral responses, but inclusion of both components augmented the response. CD4 T cells elicited by the lipopeptides did not influence the rate of viral clearance upon challenge and most likely had a role in induction or maintenance of the memory response. It therefore appears that the lipopeptide immunogens, although not significantly superior at inducing primary effector CD8 T cells, elicit a much more effective memory population, the recall of which may account for their superiority in inducing pulmonary protection after viral challenge.

In this article we review our work over the years on carbohydrates and carbohydrate mimetics and their applications in medicinal chemistry. In the first part of the review innovative synthetic methods, such as the chemoselective glycosylation method originally developed by our group and its applications to the synthesis of neoglycoconjugates (neoglycopeptides, oligosaccharide mimetics, neoglycolipids, etc … ) will be presented. The high density of functional groups (hydroxyls) on the monosaccharides and the structural role of sugars forming the core of complex glycans in scaffolding and orienting the external sugar units for the interaction with receptors, inspired us and others to use sugars as scaffolds for the construction of pharmacologically active compounds. In the second part of this review, we will present some examples of bioactive and pharmacologically active compounds obtained by decorating monosaccharide scaffolds with pharmacophore groups. Sugar-derived protein ligands were also used as chemical probes to study the interaction of their target with other proteins in the cell. In this context, sugar mimetics and sugar-derived compounds have been employed as tools for exploring biology according to the “chemical genetic” approach.

A simple generic peptide-based vaccine structure that targets Toll-like receptor 2-expressing dendritic cells and causes their activation is described. The vaccines are totally synthetic, serve as their own adjuvant, and are composed of (i) a single helper T cell epitope, (ii) a target epitope that is either recognized by CD8 ؉ T cells or B cells, and (iii) a Toll-like receptor 2-targeting lipid moiety,

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with non-vaccination against influenza in the risk group. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based study, carried out in the city of Rio Grande (RS). The outcome was defined as belonging to risk groups and not having been vaccinated in the last 12 months. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral variables, and access for health services were analyzed. Results: In this study, 680 individuals participated. The prevalence was 46.0% (95%CI: 41.8-50.3), ranging from 27.9% (elderly) to 81.8% (pregnant women). Young adults, single, intermediate socioeconomic bracket, smoker, with depressive symptoms, who did not perform physical activity and did not consult a physician in the last year, had a higher prevalence of non-vaccination. Conclusion: Half of the sample was not vaccinated in the period. Due to the similarity of influenza-like illness and the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19), increasing vaccination would minimize mortality and use of hospital beds due to influenza, optimizing the response of hospital capacity.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) threatens to overwhelm our medical infrastructure at the regional level causing spikes in mortality rates because of shortages of critical equipment, like ventilators. Fortunately, with the recent development and widespread deployment of small-scale manufacturing technologies like RepRap-class 3-D printers and open source microcontrollers, mass distributed manufacturing of ventilators has the potential to overcome medical supply shortages. In this study, after providing a background on ventilators, the academic literature is reviewed to find the existing and already openly-published, vetted designs for ventilators systems. These articles are analyzed to determine if the designs are open source both in spirit (license) as well as practical details (e.g. possessing accessible design source files, bill of materials, assembly instructions, wiring diagrams, firmware and software as well as operation and calibration instructions). Next, the existing Internet and gray literature are reviewed for open source ventilator projects and designs. The results of this review found that the tested and peer-reviewed systems lacked complete documentation and the open systems that were documented were either at the very early stages of design (sometimes without even a prototype) and were essentially only basically tested (if at all). With the considerably larger motivation of an ongoing pandemic, it is assumed these projects will garner greater attention and resources to make significant progress to reach a functional and easily-replicated system. There is a large amount of future work needed to move open source ventilators up to the level considered scientific-grade equipment, and even further work needed to reach medical-grade hardware. Future work is needed to achieve the potential of this approach by developing policies, updating regulations, and securing funding mechanisms for the development and testing of open source ventilators for both the current COVID19 pandemic as well as for future pandemics and for everyday use in low-resource settings.

Highly pathogenic H5N1 infl uenza A viruses have spread relentlessly across the globe since 2003, and they are associated with widespread death in poultry, substantial economic loss to farmers, and reported infections of more than 300 people with a mortality rate of 60%. The high pathogenicity of H5N1 infl uenza viruses and their capacity for transmission from birds to human beings has raised worldwide concern about an impending human infl uenza pandemic similar to the notorious H1N1 Spanish infl uenza of 1918. Since many aspects of H5N1 infl uenza research are rapidly evolving, we aim in this Seminar to provide an up-to-date discussion on select topics of interest to infl uenza clinicians and researchers. We summarise the clinical features and diagnosis of infection and present therapeutic options for H5N1 infection of people. We also discuss ideas relating to virus transmission, host restriction, and pathogenesis. Finally, we discuss vaccine development in view of the probable importance of vaccination in pandemic control.

In this paper we construct and develop two competitive implicit finite difference scheme for a deterministic mathematical model associated with the evolution of influenza A disease in human population. Qualitative dynamics of the model is determined by the basic reproduction number, R 0. Numerical schemes developed here are based on nonstandard finite difference methods. Our aim is to transfer essential properties of the continuous model to the discrete schemes and to obtain unconditional stable schemes. The proposed numerical schemes have two fixed points which are identical to the critical points of the continuous model and it is shown that they have the same stability properties. Numerical simulations with different initial conditions, parameters values and time step sizes are developed for different values of parameter R 0 , convergence to the disease free equilibrium point when R 0 < 1 and to the endemic equilibrium point when R 0 > 1 are obtained independent of the time step size. These numerical integration schemes are useful since can reproduce the dynamics of original differential equations.

A survey of the Quran suggests that the Prophet(SAW) was not only the Last Prophet (khatam-un-nabiyeen) and was sent to give glad tidings (basheer) to those who accepted the revelation sent to him by Allah(ST) and to warn (nadheer) those who rejected the revelation, he was also Mercy to the Mankind (rahmat-ul-lil-'alameen), was endowed with the best character (kholoq-in-'adheem), and was sent as a teacher (mo'allim) and sanctifier (yozakkehim. Scholars have counted many other attributes of the Prophet(SAW). The focus of the author in this paper is to enumerate those statements of the Prophet(SAW) which reflects his personal wisdom. Though his whole military campaign and diplomacy was a result of his wisdom, the focus in this paper is on health sciences, safety, and social sciences.

The epidemic that killed Pericles: contextual and paleopathological analysis of the 5th century BCE Plague of Athens via primary resources and modern DNA sequence-based identification strategies of dental pulp from a mass grave at Kerameikos. A novel offering of compelling evidence of Avian Influenza as the causative agent of the Plague of Athens.: 

The 5th Century Plague of Athens saw the deaths of one third of the Athenian population including the leader Pericles while under siege during the Peloponnesian War.  The causative pathogenic agent remains a mystery 2,500 years later.  A methodology encompassing both the critically assessed historical accounts and validated scientific techniques is recommended.  Thucydides, a contemporary writer and survivor, provides the best known clinical observations of the symptomology of the Plague as well as the historical context surrounding it.  Additionally, ancient DNA extraction is quickly allowing the story to unfold.  The utility of dental pulp in reporting on septicemic pathogens from archaeological contexts has substantial potential for identifying unknown pathogen agents, as teeth are often natural reservoirs of disease posthumously.  The conditions, including political decisions that created the conditions necessary for propagated outbreak, are examined.  A thorough analysis of the dental pulp study that has so far been carried out from a mass grave will be critiqued and an alternative explanation for its scientifically sound findings confirming the presence of Salmonella enteric serovar Typhi will be discussed.  An in-depth analysis of alternative pathogens will be examined.  Lastly, evidence for my own theory will be advanced regarding the causative agent of the Plague of Athens.  It is strongly suggested that Avian Influenza, a zoonotic disease, is responsible for the observed deaths of the Athenians under siege.  Further studies, especially those utilizing ancient dental pulp, would help to confirm this theory.