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Book review: Cohen and Sheringham "Encountering Difference"

Forthcoming in Geography journal

Book review forthcoming in Geography Encountering Difference Robin Cohen and Olivia Sheringham Cambridge: Polity Press, 2016 214pp, 14x21.5cm Paperback: £15.99, ISBN 978-1-509-508808 In a wide-ranging and deeply-researched book, drawing from both archival and contemporary research, Robin Cohen and Olivia Sheringham set their sights on a pressing political issue: how to manage the increasing ‘super-diversity’ of contemporary societies? Rather than draw on established policy-focused paradigms, this book takes a trans-historical approach to the question, exploring an oft-overlooked case of living with difference: creolisation. As a ‘bottom up’ process, usually located on islands in colonial and post-colonial contexts (e.g. the Caribbean), creolisation creates hybrid, transcultural social identities that evolve through mixing and interaction in everyday life. The authors argue that processes akin to creolisation can take place in large urban contexts too. Drawing from research on such diverse cultural expressions as music, heritage, language and carnivals, Cohen and Sheringham expertly guide the reader through the complex political and social struggles that are embodied in the shaping and re-shaping of creole identities. The work particularly foregrounds relationships between creolisation and diaspora, interrogating the ambiguous and often contradictory dynamics of identity as simultaneously lived and inherited. The authors note that although “[c]reolisation challenges boundaries as such” (p. 157), the key to living together in diverse settings must not be reduced to a cosmopolitan ‘mush’ of assimilation; rather we should take seriously the histories, power struggles, convivialities and conflicts of the creole experience to understand how difference and identity are always negotiated and never static. With exceptional range of coverage and strong conceptual engagement, alongside a peppering of informative photographs, this book offers something for research, teaching, and general reading alike. While it does not offer concrete or definitive answers, Encountering Difference – as a stimulating engagement with what, essentially, makes people who they are – renders it an important launchpad for rethinking how we approach the challenging topic of living with, in, despite, and through difference in divided times. Anthony Ince, School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff University