Изворни код странице dung

{{also|Dung|dùng|Dũng|dụng|dưng|dừng|dửng|dựng|đúng|dūŋ}}
{{-en-}}
{{wikipedia}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈdʌŋ/}}
* {{rhymes|en|ʌŋ|s=1}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-dung.wav|Audio (UK)}}

===Etymology 1===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*dʰengʰ-}}
From {{inh|en|enm|[[dung]], [[dunge]], [[donge]]}}, from {{inh|en|ang|dung|t=dung; excrement; manure}}, from {{inh|en|gem-pro|*dungō|t=dung}}, from {{der|en|ine-pro|*dʰengʰ-|t=to cover}}.

====Noun====
{{en-noun|~}}

# {{lb|en|uncountable}} [[manure|Manure]]; animal [[excrement]].
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare King Lear|III|iv|line=129|text=Poor Tom, that eats the swimming frog, the toad, the todpole, the wall-newt, and the water; that in the fury of his heart, when the foul fiend rages, eats cow-'''dung''' for sallets; swallows the old rat and the ditch-dog; drinks the green mantle of the standing pool{{...}}}}
#* {{RQ:KJV|Malachi|2|3|text=Behold, I will corrupt your seed, and spread '''dung''' upon your faces, even the '''dung''' of your solemn feasts; and one shall take you away with it.}}
#* '''1882''', James Edwin Thorold Rogers, ''A History of Agriculture and Prices in England'', volume 4, page 496
#*: The labourer at the dung cart is paid at 3d. or 4d. a day; and on one estate, Lullington, scattering '''dung''' is paid a 5d. the hundred heaps.
# {{lb|en|countable}} A type of [[manure]], as from a particular species or type of animal.

=====Derived terms=====
{{der3|en|title=terms derived from ''dung (noun)''|dung beetle|dung fly|dung fork|dunghill|dungy}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|manure}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|pleh|m}}, {{t+|sq|bajgë|f}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|رَوْث|m}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|գոմաղբ}}
* Aromanian: {{t|rup|baligă|f}}
* Assamese: {{t|as|গোবৰ}}, {{t|as|গু}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|peyin}}, {{t+|az|gübrə}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|гной|m}}, {{t|be|кал}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|оборски тор|m}}, {{t|bg|тор|m}}
* Burmese: {{t|my|ချေး}}, {{t+|my|မြေဩဇာ}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|adob|m}}, {{t+|ca|fem|m}}, {{t+|ca|femta|f}}
* Chamicuro: {{t|ccc|tuki}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|肥|tr=féi}}, {{t+|cmn|肥料|tr=féiliào}}, {{t+|cmn|糞肥}}, {{t+|cmn|粪肥|tr=fènféi}}, {{t+|cmn|糞}}, {{t+|cmn|粪|tr=fèn}}, {{t+|cmn|屎}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|hnůj|m}}, {{t+|cs|mrva|f}}, {{t+|cs|trus|m}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|gødning|c}}, {{t|da|møg}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|mest|m}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|sterko}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|sõnnik}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|lanta}}, {{t+|fi|sonta}}
* French: {{t+|fr|bouse|f}}, {{t+|fr|fumier|m}}, {{t+|fr|purin|m}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|esterco|m}}, {{t+|gl|bosta|f}}, {{t|gl|cuito|m}}, {{t+|gl|estrume|m}}, {{t|gl|gasto|m}}, {{t|gl|iboño|m}}
* Gallo: {{t|roa-gal|fien|m}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|ნეხვი}}, {{t|ka|სკორე}}
* German: {{t+|de|Dünger|m}}, {{t+|de|Mist|m}}
* Gothic: {{t|got|𐍃𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰|f}}, {{t|got|𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃|m}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|κόπρος|f}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|κόπρος|f}}, {{t|grc|ὄνθος|f}}, {{t|grc|σπέλεθος|m}}
* Gujarati: {{t|gu|પોદળો|m}}
* Haitian Creole: {{t|ht|fimye}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|זֶבֶל|m|tr=zével}}
* Higaonon: {{t|mba|ta-i}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|गोबर|m}}, {{t+|hi|मल|m}}, {{t+|hi|लीद|f}}, {{t+|hi|विष्ठा|f}}, {{t+|hi|गू|m}}, {{t+|hi|गूह|m}}, {{t+|hi|गुह|m}}, {{t+|hi|खाद}}, {{t+|hi|उपला|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|trágya}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|mykja|f}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|aoileach|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|escremento|f}}, {{t+|it|feci|f}}, {{t+|it|sterco|m}}, {{t+|it|letame|m}}, {{t+|it|fimo|m}}, {{t+|it|ordura|f}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|肥|tr=こえ, koe}}, {{t+|ja|肥料|tr=ひりょう, hiryō}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|көң}}
* Khmer: {{t|km|ជីអាចម៍សត្វ|tr=cii ʔac sat}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|똥}}, {{t+|ko|똥거름}}, {{t+|ko|비료(肥料)}}
* Kurdish:
*: Central Kurdish: {{t+|ckb|ڕیخ}}, {{t+|ckb|تەرس}}, {{t|ckb|پشکڵ}}
*: Northern Kurdish: {{t+|kmr|rîx|f}}
* Kyrgyz: {{t|ky|көң}}, {{t|ky|кык}}, {{t+|ky|тезек}}
* Lao: {{t+|lo|ຂີ້}}, {{t|lo|ມູນ}}
* Latin: {{t|la|stercus|n}}, {{t+|la|fimum|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|mēsli|m-p}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|mėšlas|m-p}}
* Lü: {{t|khb|ᦃᦲᧉ}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|измет|m}}
* Malayalam: {{t+|ml|ചാണകം}}
* Manchu: {{t|mnc|ᡶᠠᠵᠠᠨ}}
* Manx: {{t|gv|eoylley}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|hamuti}}, {{t|mi|hamiti}}, {{t|mi|roke}}, {{t|mi|tūtae}}, {{t|mi|tiko}}
* Middle English: {{t|enm|donge}}
* Mongolian: {{t+|mn|аргал}}, {{t+|mn|баас}}
* Navajo: {{t|nv|chąąʼ|sc=Latn}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|møkk|m|f}}, {{t|nb|gjødsel}}
* Ojibwe: {{t|oj|moo}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|سرگین|tr=sergin}}, {{t+|fa|کود|tr=kud}}
* Pitjantjatjara: {{t|pjt|kuna}}
* Plautdietsch: {{t|pdt|Mest|n}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|gnój|m}}, {{t+|pl|nawóz|m}}, {{t+|pl|kał|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|estrume}}, {{t+|pt|esterco}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|gunoi|n}}, {{t+|ro|balegă|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|наво́з|m}}, {{t+|ru|кал|m}}, {{t+|ru|помёт|m}}, {{t+|ru|экскремент|m-p|alt=экскреме́нты}} {{qualifier|excrement}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|buachar|m}}, {{t|gd|todhar|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|бале́га|f}}, {{t|sh|гно̑ј|m}}, {{t|sh|гно̏јӣво|n}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|baléga|f}}, {{t+|sh|gnȏj|m}}, {{t+|sh|gnȍjīvo|n}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|fumèri}}
* Slovak: {{t+|sk|hnoj|m}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|gnoj|m}}
* Somali: {{t|so|xaar-walwaal}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|excremento|m}}, {{t+|es|estiércol|m}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|dynga|c}}
* Sylheti: {{t|syl|ꠉꠥꠙꠞ}}
* Tajik: {{t|tg|пору}}, {{t|tg|саргин}}
* Telugu: {{t+|te|ముటము}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|มูล}}, {{t+|th|ขี้}}
* Tocharian B: {{t|txb|weṃts}}, {{t|txb|kekärtkor}}
* Tongan: {{t|tr|táë}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|dışkı}}, {{t+|tr|tezek}}, {{t+|tr|gübre}}
* Turkmen: {{t|tk|tezek}}, {{t|tk|gyýk}}, {{t|tk|dökün}}
* Tuvan: {{t-needed|tyv}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|гній|m}}, {{t|uk|кал|m}}, {{t|uk|екскреме́нти|m-p}}
* Uzbek: {{t+|uz|goʻng}}, {{t+|uz|oʻgʻit}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|phân}}, {{t+|vi|phân chuồng}}
* Walloon: {{t+|wa|ansene|f}}
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|tail|m}}
* West Frisian: {{t|fy|dong}}
* Zhuang: {{t|za|haex}}
* Zou: {{t|zom|eeh}}
{{trans-bottom}}

====Verb====
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[fertilize]] with [[#Noun|dung]].
#* {{RQ:Dryden The Cock and the Fox}}
#*: a cart he found, That carry'd compost forth to '''dung''' the ground
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1993|author=Henry Leach|title=Endure No Makeshifts: Some Naval Recollections|passage=She had been '''dunging''' the roses and was fairly covered in muck.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|calico printing}} To [[immerse]] or [[steep]], as [[calico]], in a [[bath]] of [[hot]] [[water]] containing [[cow]] [[#Noun|dung]], done to [[remove]] the [[superfluous]] [[mordant]].
# {{lb|en|intransitive}} To [[release]] [[#Noun|dung]]: to [[defecate]].

=====Synonyms=====
* {{sense|to shit}} ''See'' [[Thesaurus:defecate]]

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|to fertilize with dung}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|торя}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|lannoittaa}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|estercar}}
* German: {{t+|de|düngen}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|κοπρίζω}}, {{t+|el|λιπαίνω}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|concimare}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|удобрять}}, {{t+|ru|унавоживать}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
See [[ding#Etymology 1|ding]]

====Verb====
{{head|en|verb form}}

# {{lb|en|obsolete}} {{inflection of|en|ding||past|part}}

===Etymology 3===
''unknown''

====Verb====
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|colloquial}} To discard (especially rubbish); to chuck out.

===Etymology 4===
Onomatopeia

====Interjection====
{{head|en|interjection}}

# {{alt sp|en|dong||sound of a bell}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=dgnu|UNDG}}

[[Category:en:Bodily functions]]
[[Category:en:Feces]]

----

==Middle English==

===Etymology 1===

====Noun====
{{head|enm|noun}}

# {{alt form|enm|donge|t=dung|id=dung}}

===Etymology 2===

====Noun====
{{head|enm|noun}}

# {{alt form|enm|donge|t=Hell|id=Hell}}

----

==Old English==

===Pronunciation===
* {{ang-IPA|dung}}

===Etymology 1===
{{etymid|ang|dungeon}}
{{root|ang|ine-pro|*dʰengʰ-}}
From {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*dungz}}, from {{der|ang|ine-pro|*dʰengʰ-|t=to cover; covering}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alter|ang|ding}}

====Noun====
{{ang-noun|f|dyng}}

# [[dungeon]], [[prison]]

=====Declension=====
{{ang-decl-noun-cons-f|dung|dyng}}

=====Synonyms=====
* {{l|ang|dimhūs}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|enm|donge|id=Hell|alts=1}}

===Etymology 2===
{{etymid|ang|dung}}
{{root|ang|ine-pro|*dʰengʰ-}}
From {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*dungō}}, from {{der|ang|ine-pro|*dʰengʰ-|t=to cover}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alter|ang|ding}}

====Noun====
{{ang-noun|f}}

# dung, [[manure]]

=====Declension=====
{{ang-decl-noun-o-f|dung}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desctree|enm|donge|id=dung}}

{{topics|ang|Feces|Law}}

----

==Old Saxon==

===Etymology===
{{root|osx|ine-pro|*dʰengʰ-}}
From {{inh|osx|gem-pro|[[*dungiz]], [[*dungaz]]}}, from {{der|osx|ine-pro|*dʰengʰ-|t=to cover}}.

===Noun===
{{osx-noun|g=m|g2=f}}

# [[weaving]], [[weavingroom]]

----

==Vietnamese==

===Alternative forms===
* {{vi-l|dong}}

===Etymology===
{{vi-etym-sino|容|to [[tolerate]]; [[facial]] [[trait]]s}}. Also from {{der|vi|zh|婦容|tr=phụ dung||[[wifely]] [[look]]}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{vi-IPA}}
* {{hmp|vi|Dung|giun|vun|vung}}

===Verb===
{{vi-verb}}

# {{lb|vi|archaic|or|literary}} to [[tolerate]]
#: {{ux|vi|trời không '''dung''', đất không tha|the sky doesn't tolerate it, the earth doesn't forgive it}}

===Noun===
{{vi-noun}}

# {{lb|vi|Confucianism}} [[beauty]], one of the {{m|vi|tứ đức||{{w|Three Obediences and Four Virtues|four virtues}}}} that [[women]] are supposed to have

===See also===
{{vi-der|{{l|vi|bao dung|t=generous}}
|{{l|vi|dung nạp|t=to accept, admit}}
|{{l|vi|dung sai|t=tolerance}}
|{{l|vi|dung tha|t=forgive}}
|{{l|vi|dung thân|t=to take refuge}}
|{{l|vi|khoan dung|t=tolerant}}
|{{vi-l|dung nhan||beautiful feminine face}}
|hình dung
|dung mạo}}