Water Unit B: A Look at Water and It’s Contaminants

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1 Water Unit B: A Look at Water and It’s Contaminants

2 Physical Properties of Water (B.1)
Every substance has a set of unique physical and chemical properties that allows it to be differentiated (isolated) from ALL other substances

3 Physical Property A characteristic of a substance that is observable without changing what it is (color, odor, physical state, boiling/freezing points, etc..)

4 Chemical Properties A characteristic of a substance that describes how it interacts with other substances (solubility, flammability, reacts w/ acids and bases)

5 Physical/Chemical Change
Physical Change: Does not change the what the substance is (i.e. state change, sample size, etc.) Chemical Change: Original substance changes to another substance with different physical and chemical properties (shown by a change in temp, smell, color, gas formation, etc..)

6 Physical Properties of Water
Colorless Odorless Tasteless Unusually high boiling point (100° C) Low Freezing Point (0° C) Unusually High Surface Tension Density of solid form LESS than liquid form

7 UNUSUAL PROPERTIES OF WATER
High SURFACE TENSION High BOILING POINT 100oC Low FREEZING POINT 0oC

8 Density D=M/V How much mass in a certain volume

9 Mixtures and Solutions (B.2)
Mixture: when two things are combined and retain their individual properties, large particles Example: bird seed mixtures

10 Terms Heterogeneous: not completely uniform throughout
Oil and water Homogeneous: Uniform throughout Colored Water

11 Terms (Cont) Solute: The substance being dissolved
Solvent: the dissolving agent

12 Solutions Solution: Smallest solute particles Aqueous Solution: a
NaCl + H20 Aqueous Solution: a solution in water Salt water is aqueous NaCl (aq)

13 Colloids Colloids: bridge the gap between solutions and suspensions, the particles are dispersed without bonding to solvent molecules, and they do not settle out on standing.

14 Solution Vs Mixture Mixture Solution Larger particle size
Small particle size does not separate on standing entire solution will pass through the filter mixture appears clear rather than cloudy solute is completely dissolved into the solvent solution shows an increase in boiling point/melting point Mixture Larger particle size Can/will separate on standing Can separate by filtering Can appear cloudy Solute is not dissolved in solvent

15 WATER POLARITY

16 ATOMS VS. MOLECULES

17 DIATOMIC MOLECULES – AKA Mr. BrINClHOF

18 Crystalline structure of Ionic compounds
How do they dissolve?

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24 Density Test Material Density (g/ml) Float? Cork 0.24 Aluminum 2.70
Iron 7.86 Carbon Dioxide 0.0018 Gasoline 0.67 Water 1.00

25 Tyndall effect Property of a mixture which allows observer to see beam of light passing through mixture