Middle English Dictionary Entry
jūs n.
Entry Info
| Forms | jūs n. Also juse, juce, juis(e, juic, juwis, jwish, jues, yuis & jusse & jous(e, jouce, jouis & jeus(e, jewis & jois, joish. |
| Etymology | L jūs & OF jus. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The juice of a plant, flower, or tree; sap; (b) a liquid extract obtained by boiling herbs; (c) a mixture of ground herbs and liquids; (d) wine.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1350 Recipe Painting(1) in Archaeol.J.1 (Hrl 2253)65 : Tac jus of a rotet appel, ant tempre thi verdigris mid, ant wryt.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)237b/a : Oyle is þe Ius of beryes of olyue.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)249b/b : Þis tree haþ moche soure Ius & somdel bytynge.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)63b/a : Succiduus: ful of juys.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)176b/b : Acacia is Juyse of grene plommez or prunez.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)265 : Iows of frutys, or herbys, or other lyke [vr. iowse or iwse]: Jus, succus.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)266 : Iuce, idem quod iowce, supra.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)11/8 : Tak ewfrace..& stampe it wele & wrynge owte þe jewse thorow a clathe.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)2.206 : Al on high, they wole deuyde, Vche herbe in his colour, odour, & Iuce.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)131/4 : Quanne it is broke, þe jows comyȝth owt þerof as it were mylk.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)339 : Quen he had gedird his grese..þe ious out he wrengis.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)31 : The chyld bi betinge maketh the juse come out of the harde appel.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)91/7 : Take grene ȝerdys of asche..and take þe jus þat comyth out at þe endys.
- (a1475) Recipe Painting(2) in Archaeol.J.1 (Sln 73)155 : Take and grynd faire poudre of whit leed..with the juse of a blewe flour that groweth in corn in somer.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)84b/b : It is riȝt good for to staumpe þe croppis of broom and drawe out the iuys and enviroune al þe place aboute þe wounde þerwiþ.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.10.60b : If so be þat I have this appill restablisshed..the Iewis þat issueth therfro and renneth to the erthe schal be veray medicyne.
- a1500 BodAdd.A.106 Lapid.(BodAdd A.106)p.55 : If a man wesche it with ye Ius of a pom-gernad, yan it helpes hym.
- a1500 Peterb.Lapid.(Peterb 33)p.75 : This crisopas comeþ owte of ynd þe more. And som men seyen his colour is lyk þe Iues of apples.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Cuth.(LdMisc 108)52 : Nim..þe milk of one kov..Iuys of smal-Ache do þar-to, and clene ȝwetene flour.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)102 : Tak eggys and temper hem wyth Jus of Parcyle.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.4120 : Sche sette a caldron on the fyr, In which was al the hole atir..Of jus, of water, and of blod.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)85b/b : To clense þe nose þrilles helpiþ pillule diacastorie with þe iuce of rewe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)202b/a : Þe poudre of magnas in þe quantite of tweye dragmes wiþ þe jouys of fern is good aȝeins þe dropesy.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)245a/a : In ious þer of, potacary feet and gowty places beþ aswaged of sore and ache.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)55/6 : Putte to þis medicyn þe ius of sum cold erbe.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)160b/a : Make it [medicine] wiþ rob, i. Iusse, or swete wyne decocte.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)107a/a : Literge pouderd sotellie & norisched wiþ þe iuse of þe water of virga pastoris.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)159a/b : Alle manere Juyse, waters, & oiles, floure, and pouders þe whiche ben oþere maie be made of enye of þes aforseide.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)159b/a : A surgene schal take of þe iuse of a simpel herbe oþer of þe iuses of diuerse simpel herbes as falleþ to his purpose.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)44a/b : Þe Iuse of cyceres wiþ water of barly.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)44b/a : Take of þe Iuse of þe barke of note trees fyue parties, of hony one parte.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)36.56 : And þe Iews Of An Erbe he gan þere-Inne don.
- c1450 Dc.55 Cook.Recipes (Dc 55)116 : Endore hem with yolkes of eyren..& ioissh of persely or malves.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)206/654 : Take the Juyse of walwort.
- c1450 Trin-C.LEDict.(Trin-C O.5.4)564/40 : Aporima: ioys of gras.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)231 : Tak a galoun of fyn barke jus.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)295/21 : Take eysyl..And camomylle and sethe with-all; And with þe jous anoynte þin nosethryl wel.
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)20/33 : If þe yuis of þe eerbe þat is callid morsus galline rubri be putt in hise nose-þrillis..he schal be hool.
- ?a1475 Noble Bk.Cook.(Hlk 674)91 : Drawe them upe with juic of parsly.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)61a/b : But in sich tyme of þe ȝeer as þou myȝt not haue þese iusis, take as myche of þe iuys of daies yȝe or of stoon croppe.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)83/1 : He sholde vse oynement maad of myrre, and of þe iuwys of þe herbe þat ys clepyd bletes.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)10/11 : Take centorie and seþ hit wol..and take þe two party of þe ius and þe þridde party of hony and do hit to-gedre.
c
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)192/11 : Stampe them smale and temper them with wȝyth wyne and with a quantite off hony and with womans mylke..Also put þerto þe vryn of a knauechylde and let yt stonde ix day in the seyde juce.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)248/2 : Make a playster of þe juce of chasses or of hennebane groundyn and medylde with eysyll.
d
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.121 : Antiochus..schewede hem þe juse of grapes and of buries forto scharpe hem to þe bataille.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5775 : Alterat with Bachus myȝty Iows.
2.
(a) A body fluid; ~ of wepinge, tears; (b) any liquid or moisture; (c) broth.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)56a/b : Þe lyuour..fongiþ iuse, woos, & humour wherof blood is Ibred.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)56b/a : Þe lyuour draweþ woos & iuse & turneþ it by hete in to blood.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)19b/b : Myseraices Isette in þe stomak and in þe intestynes drawen and beren al þe Iuse of þe chyle to þe lyuer.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)32 : So michel j dide in hym bi my smytinge that bi hise eyen j made come out the juse and the teres of weepinge in bitternesse.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)4111 : I smet hym so with repentaunce..That the Iews off hys wepyng Yssede out in compleynyng.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)47b/a : Þe bigynnynge of þe tonge..brediþ spotile þat moisteþ þe tonge & tempreþ drynes of mete & echiþ þe ius þerof.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)147b/b : Ȝif a man is anoynt with his grees oþir with his juys he is al saaf.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)65b/a : Þe þrid þat þe succosite oþer þe iuse off þe mete þat eschapeþ to þe order of one off þe veines þat be cleped miseraice maye be taken of anoþer.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.240 : Let hem drie vnslayn, and vp they drinke The londis iuce.
- ?a1475 Noble Bk.Cook.(Hlk 674)56 : Mak a ceripe of thik almond mylk, all saue the juce of eggs.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)119a/a : Or ellis whanne þe membre is newe brent, R[ecipe] þe tord of hors & wrynge þe iuys þerof vpon þe brennynge.
c
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Is.65.4 : It is a puple..whiche eten swynes fleisch, and vnhooli iwisch [WB(1): broth] is in the vessels of hem.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)91b/b : He maie done in þe same maner with þe iuse of boef in case ȝif he maye not eten his brede drye.
3.
Fig. (a) The meaning or spirit of words; (b) blood; (c) poisonous or evil quality; (d) a bitter drink for man or the soul, bitterness, misery.
Associated quotations
a
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.67 : Þis pressour ben þo prestis þat geten out juys of Goddis word.
b
- a1500(1413) ?Hoccl.Poems PS (Eg 615)p.xliv/256 : See how þat he is for-bete..See how there renne fyve stremes grete That yelde owt the Iuce habundauntly!
c
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)127/115 : Thilke blisse..is nat necessary..and, but it the better be stamped and the venomous jeuse out-wrongen, it is lykely to enpoysonen al.
d
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)953 : Whanne ȝe com to Mankynde..to his sowle brewyth a bytter jous.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3020 : To me þou hast brokyn a byttyr jows.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3076 : I schal þee brewe a byttyr jous; In bolnynge bondys þou schalt brenne.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1425 Arun.Cook.Recipes (Arun 334)472 : Endore hom zelow with zolkes of eyren…and saffron…and some grene if thow wyl with royst of herbes [Cp. Noble Bk.Cook. 120: ye may make it grene or red with juce of erbes].
Note: New spelling
- a1450 Eagle Magic in Tul.SE 22 (Add 34111)25/56 : Þe galle of hym wiþ þe inse of Erehowne and wiþ hony and wiþ þe pouder of mirre saueþ a man frome derkenes of eyen and suffreþ noȝt in þe eye of no dissese.
Note: New spelling
Note: priv. L. cum succo…prasii herbae "the sap of leek-green grass" [ed.]. But cf. Harper's, prasium, -ii, an herb, white horehound.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?a1425 Cmb.Dd.6.29 Artist.Recipes (Cmb Dd.6.29) 71/20 : Temper hit wiþ þe iusce of a roton appul.
- a1500 Ashm.750 Artist.Recipes (Ashm 750) 254/7 : Put þerto a litil youse of garlek.
- ?a1525 Dc.54 Artist.Recipes (Dc 54) 262/17 : Take garleke and stampe hyt and wryng hit throȝ[g] a clothe the iws þerof.
Note: Additional quotes, sense 1.(a).
Note: New spellings.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. juice.