WO2017069980A1 - Aminoisoxazoline compounds as agonists of alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors - Google Patents

Aminoisoxazoline compounds as agonists of alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Download PDF

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WO2017069980A1
WO2017069980A1 PCT/US2016/056607 US2016056607W WO2017069980A1 WO 2017069980 A1 WO2017069980 A1 WO 2017069980A1 US 2016056607 W US2016056607 W US 2016056607W WO 2017069980 A1 WO2017069980 A1 WO 2017069980A1
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radical
alkyl
unbranched
branched
isoxazole
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PCT/US2016/056607
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French (fr)
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Raksha Acharya
Duane A. Burnett
Matthew Gregory Bursavich
Andrew Simon Cook
Bryce Alden Harrison
Andrew J. Mcriner
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Forum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
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Priority to JP2018519804A priority Critical patent/JP2018531262A/en
Priority to EP16858006.6A priority patent/EP3365061A4/en
Priority to AU2016340798A priority patent/AU2016340798A1/en
Priority to CA3002801A priority patent/CA3002801A1/en
Publication of WO2017069980A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017069980A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D498/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D498/20—Spiro-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/24—Antidepressants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to novel aminoisoxazoline compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions of the same, that are suitable as agonists or partial agonists of the cc7- nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and methods of preparing these compounds and compositions, and the use of these compounds and compositions in methods of maintaining, treating and/or improving cognitive function.
  • methods of administering the compound or composition to a patient in need thereof for example a patient with a cognitive deficiency and/or a desire to enhance cognitive function, that may derive a benefit therefrom.
  • Alzheimer's disease Many forms of cognitive disease represent a steadily growing medical and social problem of our aging societies around the world.
  • the prevalence of cognitive disease for example dementia in North America, is approximately 6 to 10% of the population, with Alzheimer's disease accounting for a substantial portion of these cases.
  • many other neurological and psychiatric disorders may display symptoms of cognitive impairment.
  • the main pathological features of Alzheimer's disease may relate to intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, formation of amyloid beta plaques and/or neurodegeneration of mainly cholinergic and, in later stages, also serotonergic, noradrenergic, and other neurons, resulting in deficiencies of acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters.
  • Some theories suggest that the gradual development of an acetylcholine signaling deficiency may be responsible for the early clinical manifestations of cognitive disease.
  • acetylcholine esterase inhibitors may ameliorate the cognitive deficits in patients with cognitive disease.
  • the most widely used acetylcholine esterase inhibitor is donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept ® ).
  • cholinergic deficits reductions in neurotransmitter and/or receptor levels
  • schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and Parkinson's disease are observed in other disorders where there are cognitive deficits, such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and Parkinson's disease.
  • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors form a large family of ion channels which are activated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine which is produced in the body (Galzi and Changeux, Neuropharmacol. 1995, 34, 563-582).
  • a functional nAChR consists of five subunits which may be different (certain combinations of al-9 and ⁇ 1-4, ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ subunits) or identical (a7-9). This leads to the formation of a diversity of subtypes which differ in the distribution in the muscles, the nervous system and other organs (McGehee and Role, Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1995, 57, 521-546).
  • nAChR Activation of nAChR leads to influx of cations into the cell and to stimulation of nerve cells or muscle cells. Selective activation of individual nAChR subtypes restricts this stimulation to the cell types which have a corresponding nAChR subtype and is thus able to avoid unwanted side effects such as, for example, stimulation of nAChRs in the muscles.
  • Clinical experiments with nicotine and experiments in various animal models indicate that central nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are involved in learning and memory processes (e.g. Rezvani and Levin, Biol. Psychiatry 2001, 49, 258-267).
  • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of the alpha7 subtype have a particularly high concentration in regions of the brain which are important for learning and memory, such as the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex (Seguela et al., J. Neurosci. 1993, 13, 596-604).
  • the l nAChR has a particularly high permeability for calcium ions, modulates neurotransmission, influences the growth of axons and, in this way, modulates neuronal plasticity (Broide and Leslie, Mol. Neurobiol. 1999, 20, 1-16).
  • WO 2003/055878 describes a variety of agonists of the al nAChR said to be useful for improving cognition.
  • WO 2003/055878 suggests that certain agonists of the al nAChR are useful for improving perception, concentration, learning or memory, especially after cognitive impairments like those occurring for example in situations/diseases/syndromes such as mild cognitive impairment, age- associated learning and memory impairments, age-associated memory loss, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and certain other cognitive disorders.
  • An aspect of the invention provides an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by
  • W represents a moiety represented by ring system M-I, M-II, M-III, or M-IV:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ*, Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 are N;
  • R 1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl,
  • the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical,
  • Ci-C -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, the -S0 2 Ci- C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the -N(R 2 )S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 ,
  • the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 , -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -N(R 2 )S0 2 d-C 4 - alkyl, -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 2 , -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), an unbranched C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl
  • R 2 and R 3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R 2 and R 3 taken together represent a C 2 -C 6 - alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cyclo
  • Ci-C -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N;
  • R 4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -(CO)C C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -NR 5 (CO)(R 6 ), -S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -N(R 5 )S0 2 d-C 4 -
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 5 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 5 , -N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -NR 5 (CO)(R 6 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 5 )(R 6 ),
  • R 5 and R 6 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • X 1 independently represents N or C
  • a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N, NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, S, or CR 8 ; with the proviso that only one A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 is NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; with the further proviso that when X 1 is N, then A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • Ci-C -alkyl radical an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C 2 -haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C 2 -haloalkyl radical;
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, the d-d-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -Od-d-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -Od-d-alkyl, the -(CO)d-d-alkyl, the -S0 2 d-d-alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, or the -N(R 9 )S0 2 d- C 4 -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 9 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 9 , -N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -NR 9 (CO)(R 10 ),
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 9 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 9 , -N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -NR 9 (CO)(R 10 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 9 )(R 10 ),
  • R 9 and R 10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • X 2 independently represents N or C
  • a 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N, NR 11 , N(CH 2 ) m R n , O, S, or CR 12 ; with the
  • a 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N or CR 12 ; independently represents -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R , - (CO)N(R 1 )(R 14 ), an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3
  • -C 4 -alkyl -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 13 , -(CO)N(R 1 )(R 14 ), an unbranched d-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched d-d-alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, a d-d- hydroxyalkyl radical, a d-d-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C 2 -haloalkyl radical;
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C -alkyl, the -S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, or the -N(R 1 )S0 2 d- C 4 -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR ,
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 13 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 13 , -N(R 1 )(R 14 ), -NR 1 (CO)(R 14 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 13 )(R 14 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 13 )(R 14 ),
  • R 13 and R 14 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • An aspect of the invention provides an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I): W
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two
  • R 1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl,
  • the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical,
  • Ci-C -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, the -S0 2 Ci- C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the -N(R 2 )S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the C 3 -C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 ,
  • the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 , -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 2 )(R 3 ),
  • R 2 and R 3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R 2 and R 3 taken together represent a C 2 -C 6 - alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloal
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N; independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched d- C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched d-d-alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -(CO)d-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -NR 5 (CO)(R 6 ), -S0 2 d-d-alkyl, -S0 2
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C 4 -alkyl, the -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, or the -N(R 5 )S0 2 d- C 4 -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 5 ,
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 5 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 5 , -N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -NR 5 (CO)(R 6 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -SO -Q-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 5 )(R 6 ),
  • R 5 and R 6 taken together represent a d-d- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical,
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • X 1 independently represents N or C
  • a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N, NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, S, or CR 8 ; with the proviso that only one A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 is NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; with the further proviso that when X 1 is N, then A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • R 7 independently represents -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 9 , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 9 , -
  • an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci- C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be
  • Ci-C -alkyl radical an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C 2 -haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C 2 -haloalkyl radical; independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched d- C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched d-d-alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -(CO)Ci-
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C 4 -alkyl, the -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, or the -N(R 9 )S0 2 d- C 4 -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 9 ,
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 9 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 9 , -N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -NR 9 (CO)(R 10 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 9 )(R 10 ),
  • R 9 and R 10 taken together represent a d-d- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-
  • X 2 independently represents N or C
  • a 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N, NR 11 , N(CH 2 ) m R n , O, S, or CR 12 ; with the
  • a 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N or CR 12 ;
  • R 11 independently represents -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 13 , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 13 , -
  • (CO)N(R 1 )(R 14 ), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 13 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 13 , -N(R 1 )(R 14 ), -NR 1 (CO)(R 14 ), -(
  • -C 4 -alkyl -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 13 , -(CO)N(R 1 )(R 14 ), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C - hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C 2 -haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C 2 -haloalkyl radical; independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched C
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 1 )(R 14 ), -(CO)Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)N(R 1 )(R 14 ), -NR 1 (CO)(R 14 ), -SOzd-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 1 )(R 14 ), -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 N(R 1 )(R 14 ), -N(R 1 )S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -al
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C 4 -alkyl, the -S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, or the -N(R 1 )S0 2 d- C 4 -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 13 ,
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 13 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 13 , -N(R 1 )(R 14 ), -NR 1 (CO)(R 14 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 13 )(R 14 ), -S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 13 )(R 14 ),
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • An aspect of the invention relates to the aminoisoxazoline compound of Formula (I), wherein the compound is represented by Formula (la):
  • An aspect of the invention relates to the aminoisoxazoline compound of Formula (I), wherein the compound is represented by Formula (lb):
  • An aspect of the invention relates to a single stereoisomer of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • An aspect of the invention relates to a single enantiomer or a single diastereomer of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • An aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • An aspect of the invention relates to a method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of maintaining, treating, curing and/or improving at least one cognitive function in a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of maintaining, treating, curing and/or improving at least one cognitive function in a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient diagnosed as having a cognitive impairment, comprising: administering to the an effective dose of an
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient, for example, a patient diagnosed with having a cognitive impairment, Limited Cognitive Impairment, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and/or schizophrenia, an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; such that the patient may derive a benefit therefrom.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; such that the patient may derive a benefit therefrom.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive impairment, comprising administering to a patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the patient suffers from, or has been diagnosed as having, a cognitive impairment.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving cognition of a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving cognition in a patient suffering from a cognitive impairment, such as a cognitive impairment associated with either schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease, for example mild Alzheimer's disease, moderate Alzheimer's disease, severe Alzheimer's disease, or mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, comprising
  • an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient suffering from, diagnosed with having, or suffers from one or more symptoms associated with, a cognitive impairment, for example, Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, MCI, LCI, or schizophrenia, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • a cognitive impairment for example, Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, MCI, LCI, or schizophrenia
  • the method of treating a patient suffering from, diagnosed with having, or suffers from one or more symptoms associated with, a cognitive impairment may provide said patient at least one of the following: (i) treats, minimizes progression of, prevents the deterioration of, or reduces the rate of detioraration of, one or more symptoms associated with the cognitive impairment; (ii) treats the cognitive impairment; (iii) improves cognition in said cognitively impaired patient; (iv) improves one or more behavioral symptoms associated with the cognitive impairment; (v) provides a pro-cognitive effect; (vi) provides a pro-cognitive effect in at least one of the following: visual motor, learning, delayed memory, or executive function, or (vii) provides a positive effect on clinical function in said cognitively impaired patient.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient previously treated, or currently being treated, with an AChEI, that is suffering from, or has been diagnosed with having, a cognitive impairment, for example, Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, MCI, LCI, or schizophrenia, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluents; wherein the method improves one or more symptoms associated with the cognitive impairment in the previously, or currently, AChEI treated patient.
  • a cognitive impairment for example, Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, MCI, LCI, or schizophrenia
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient suffering from, or diagnosed with having a cognitive impairment, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the method provides a positive effect on cognition or a positive effect on clinical function in said cognitively impaired patient, and wherein said patient has been previously treated or is currently being treated with an AChEI.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving cognition in a patient diagnosed as having a probable cognitive disease, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving or substantially improving one or more symptoms in a cognitve disease patient, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of slowing the rate of deterioration of at least one symptom in a cognitve disease patient, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient the pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive disease in a patient suffering therefrom, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent [0029] Another aspect provides a method of minimizing or substantially halting the rate of progression of one or more cognitive diseases in a patient suffering from a cognitive disease, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of substantially stopping or reversing progression of one or more cognitive diseases, in a patient suffering therefrom, comprising:
  • an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the effective amount of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein said effective amount is administered in an effective dose.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a tablet.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient having a cognitive disease and being administered an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the treatment comprises halting the administration of the acetylcholine esterase inhibitor prior to treating with the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Figure 1 Illustrates a 3-D representation of the formed crystal of (S)-4H-V- azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine (2i?,3i?)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinate (( ⁇ S)-A-2 L tartaric acid salt).
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I):
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl,
  • the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical,
  • Ci-C -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, the -S0 2 Ci- C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the -N(R 2 )S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the C 3 -C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 ,
  • the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 , -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 2 )(R 3 ),
  • R 2 and R 3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R 2 and R 3 taken together represent a C 2 -C 6 - alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cyclo
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N;
  • R 4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -(CO)C C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -NR 5 (CO)(R 6 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -N ⁇ SO.d-d-alkyl, an aryl radical,
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C -alkyl, the -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, or the -N(R 5 )S0 2 d- C 4 -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 5 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 5 , -N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 5 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 5 , -N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -NR 5 (CO)(R 6 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 5 )(R 6 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 5 )(R 6 ),
  • R 5 and R 6 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • X 1 independently represents N or C
  • a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N, NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, S, or CR 8 ; with the proviso that only one A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 is NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; with the further proviso that when X 1 is N, then A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ; independently represents -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 9 , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 9 , - (CO)N(R 9 )(R 10 ), an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, or
  • Ci-C -alkyl radical an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C 2 -haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C 2 -haloalkyl radical;
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 9 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 9 , -N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -NR 9 (CO)(R 10 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 9 )(R 10 ),
  • R 9 and R 10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • X 2 independently represents N or C
  • a 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N, NR 11 , N(CH 2 ) m R n , O, S, or CR 12 ; with the
  • a 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N or CR 12 ;
  • R 11 independently represents -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 13 , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 13 , -
  • (CO)N(R 1 )(R 14 ), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 13 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 13 , -N(R 1 )(R 14 ), -NR 1 (CO)(R 14 ), -
  • -C 4 -alkyl -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 13 , -(CO)N(R 1 )(R 14 ), an unbranched d-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C - hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C 2 -haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C 2 -haloalkyl radical;
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C -alkyl, the -S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, or the -N(R 1 )S0 2 d- C 4 -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 13 ,
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 13 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 13 , -N(R 1 )(R 14 ), -NR 1 (CO)(R 14 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 13 )(R 14 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 13 )(R 14 ),
  • R 13 and R 14 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) may be represented by Formula (la):
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) may be represented by Formula (lb):
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing d by the ring system M-I:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 are N; independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl,
  • the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical,
  • Ci-C -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, the -S0 2 Ci- C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the -N(R 2 )S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the C 3 -C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 ,
  • the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 , -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 2 )(R 3 ),
  • Ci-C 4 -hydroxyalkyl radical a Ci-C 2 -haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C 2 - haloalkyl radical;
  • R 2 and R 3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent ⁇ or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two
  • R 1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical,
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, the -S0 2 Ci- C 4 -alkyl, the -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the -N(R 2 )S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, the C 3 -C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, 0, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 ,
  • the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 , -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -(CH 2 ) m N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 2 )(R 3 ),
  • each of Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent CR 1 , and adjacent members Z 3 and Z 4 form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 4 -alkyl di- radical; then:
  • R 2 and R 3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II:
  • Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N;
  • R 4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 - C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D,
  • X 1 independently represents N or C
  • a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N, NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, S, or CR 8 ; with the proviso that only one A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 is NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; with the further proviso that when X 1 is N, then A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • R 7 independently represents -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 9 , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 9 , -
  • (CO)N(R 9 )(R 10 ), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or 0;
  • R 8 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -(CC d-C.-alkyl, -(CO)N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -NR 9 (CO)(R 10 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 N(R 9 )(R 10 ), or -N ⁇ SO.d-C.-alkyl; wherein the alkyl
  • R 9 and R 10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representin represented by the ring system M-II:
  • Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent ⁇ or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N; independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched C
  • X 1 independently represents N or C
  • a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N, NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, S, or CR 8 ; with the proviso that only one A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 is NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; with the further proviso that when X 1 is N, then A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • R 7 independently represents -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 9 , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 9 , -
  • (CO)N(R 9 )(R 10 ), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or 0;
  • R 8 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -(CC d-C.-alkyl, -(CO)N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -NR 9 (CO)(R 10 ), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S0 2 N(R 9 )(R 10 ), -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, -(CH 2 ) m S0 2 N(R 9 )(R 10 ), or -N ⁇ SO.d-d-alkyl; wherein the alkyl
  • each of X 1 , Z 7 , and Z 9 represent N
  • Z 8 represents CR 4
  • both A 1 and A 2 independently represent CR 8
  • a 3 represents CR 8 and the R 8 of the A 3 represents -Br, then no more than two of the following is -H: the R 4 of the Z 8 , the R 8 of the A 1 , and the R 8 of the A 2 ;
  • R 9 and R 10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two
  • R 1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl,
  • R 2 and R 3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent ⁇ or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two
  • R 1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl,
  • R 2 and R 3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R 2 and R 3 taken together represent a C 2 -C 6 - alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl
  • Ci-C -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C -alkyl,
  • X 2 independently represents N or C
  • a 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N, NR 11 , N(CH 2 ) m R n , O, S, or CR 12 ; with the proviso that only one A 4 , A 5 , and A 6 is NR 11 , N(CH 2 ) m R n , O, or S; with the further proviso that when X 2 is N, then A 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N or CR 12 ;
  • R 11 independently represents -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 13 , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 13 , -
  • R 13 and R 14 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing by the ring system M-IV:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two
  • R 1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N;
  • R 4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • n independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing by the ring system M-IV:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent ⁇ or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two
  • R 1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -NR 2 (CO)(R 3 ), -S0 2 Ci-C 4 -alkyl,
  • the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an
  • R 2 and R 3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R 2 and R 3 taken together represent a C 2 -C 6 - alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloal
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl -(CO)-branched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N;
  • R 4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
  • each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent CR 1
  • both Z 6 and Z 9 independently represent CR 4
  • Z 7 represents N
  • no more than five of the following is -H: the R 1 of the Z 1 to Z 4 , the R 4 of the Z 6 , and the R 4 of the Z 9
  • m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein, for example, each member of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 represents (CR 1 ), with the proviso that no more than four of the
  • R 1 is -H; for example, the Z 1 represents N, and Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 each independently represent CR 1 , with the proviso that if adjacent members Z 3 and Z 4 form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1
  • substitutents taken together represents a C 4 -alkyl di -radical then a) no more than one of the R 1 of the Z 2 and Z 5 is -H, or b) the C 4 -alkyl di-radical is independently substituted with at least one radical substituent; for example, Z 2 represents N, and Z 1 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 each independently represent CR 1 ; for example, Z 3 represents N, and Z 1 , Z2 , Z 4 , and Z 5 each independently represent CR 1 ; for example, Z 1 and Z 2 each represent N, and Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 each independently represent CR 1 ; for example, Z 1 and Z3 each represent N, and Z 2 , Z 4 , and Z 5 each independently represent CR 1 ; for example, Z 1 and Z 4 each represent N, and Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 5 each independently represent CR 1 ; for example, Z 1 and Z 5 each represent N, and Z 2 , Z 3 ,
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein at least 3, 4, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent (CR 1 ), for example, at least 3, 4, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent (CR 1 ) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent N, with the R 1 independently representing, such as at least one, two, or three of the R 1 , independently representing -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -
  • the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 , -N(R 2 )(R 3 ),
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein at least 3, 4, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent (CR 1 ), for example, at least 3, 4, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent (CR 1 ) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent N, with the R 1 independently representing, such as at least one, two, or three of the R 1 , independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C - alkyl, the C 3 -C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, 0, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 2 , -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), an unbranched d-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -alky
  • the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 , -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 2 , -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 - cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C 4 -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C 2 -haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C 2 - haloalkyl radical.
  • radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 ,
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein at least 3, 4, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent (CR 1 ), for example, at least 3, 4, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent (CR 1 ) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent N, with the R 1 independently representing, such as at least one, two, or three of the R 1 , independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched
  • the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, the C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 - alkyl, the C 3 -C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, 0, -OR 2 , -(CH 2 ) m OR 2 , an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 - C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C 2 -haloalky
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein at least 3, 4, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent (CR 1 ), for example, at least 3, 4, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent (CR 1 ) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 independently represent N, with the R 1 independently representing, such as at least one, two, or three of the R 1 , independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 CF 3 , -CH 2 CF 3
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W
  • the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical, such as -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 - or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 - or represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, such as -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, - OCH 2 CH 2 N(H)-; -OCH 2 CH 2 N(C !
  • -C 4 -alkyl)- such as -OCH 2 CH 2 N(Me)-; - CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 N(CO)(d- C 4 -alkyl)-, -N(H)CH 2 CH 2 0-, -N(Ci-C 4 -alkyl)CH 2 CH 2 0- such as -N(Me)CH 2 CH 2 0-; - OCH 2 CH 2 0-; -OCH 2 CH 2 -; -OCH 2 0-; -OCF 2 0-; or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 0-.
  • R 1 may independently represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 CF 3 , -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , -OCH(CH 3 ) 2 , -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 F, -OCF 3 , or -OCH 2 CF 3 , or when adjacent members of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 , is (CR ⁇ CR 1 ), the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical representing -OCF 2 0-.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein X 1 represents N or C.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein X 1 represents C and wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by one of the following:
  • Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 , with the proviso that no more than two ofZ D , Z', Z°, and T are N; and A and A independently represent N or CR , and A independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 , with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N, for example, either Z 6 or Z 7 represents CR 4 with said R 4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z 7 or Z 8 represents CR 4 with said R 4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z 8 or Z 9 represents CR 4 with said R 4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 , A 2 independently represents CR 8 , and A 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as NR 7 , O, or S, or such as O or S; and wherein either Z or Z represents CR 4 with said R 4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z 7 or Z 8 represents CR 4 with said R 4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z 8 or Z 9 represents CR 4 with said R 4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II with X 1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; and Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N, with one of said R 4 of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-1 with X 1 representing C, said R 4 of Z 7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N, for example each of Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 , independently represent CR 4 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-2 with X 1 representing C, said R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 are N, for example each of Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 , independently represent CR 4 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II with X 1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
  • a 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; and Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-3 with X 1 representing C, said R 4 of Z 7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 8 and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than one of Z 8 and Z 9 are N, for example each of Z 8 and Z 9
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-4 with X 1 representing C, said R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 7 and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than one of Z 7 and Z 9 are N, for example each of Z 7 and Z 9
  • Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system
  • M-II with X 1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; and Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N, with one of said R 4 of Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-5 with X 1 representing C, said R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 6 and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than one of Z 6 and Z 9 are N, for example each of Z 6 and Z 9
  • Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system
  • M-II with X 1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; and Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N, with one of said R 4 of Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-6 with X 1 representing C, said R 4 of Z 7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 6 and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than one of Z 6 and Z 9 are N, for example each of Z 6 and Z 9
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II with X 1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
  • a 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; and Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 8 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N, with one of said R 4 of Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 8 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-7 with X 1 representing C, said R 4 of Z 7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 6 and Z 8 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than one of Z 6 and Z 8 are N, for example each of Z 6 and Z 8 independently represent CR 4 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-8 with X 1 representing C, said R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 6 and Z 7 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than one of Z 6 and Z 7 are N, for example each of Z 6 and Z 7 independently represent CR 4 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II with X 1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 6 and Z 8 independently represent CR 4 , with one of said R 4 of Z 6 and Z 8 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-9 with X 1 representing C, said R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ;
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as A 1 independently represents N or CR 8 ,
  • a 2 independently represents CR 8 , and
  • a 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S;
  • Z 6 independently represents CR 4 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein X 1 represents N.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
  • a 1 , A2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ; and Z6 , Z7 , Z8 , and Z9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N, with one of said R 4 of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; and with the proviso that when Z 6 represents CR 4 and the R 4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, each of Z 7 and Z 9 represent N, Z 8
  • 4- 1 2 8 3 8 8 3 represents CR , both A and A independently represent CR , A represents CR and the R of the A represents -Br, then no more than two of the following is -H: the R 4 of the Z 8 , the R 8 of the A 1 , and the R 8 of the A 2 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-10 with X 1 representing N, said R 4 of Z 7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 , A2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ; and Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N, for example each of Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 , independently represent CR 4 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-11 with X 1 representing N, said R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ; and Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 are N, for example each of Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 , independently represent CR 4 .
  • the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1, M-II-2, M-II-3, M-II-4, M-II-5, M-II-6, M-II-7, M-II-8, M-II-9, M-II- 10, or M-II-11, wherein the Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 may independently represent CR 4 , wherein the R 4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br; -CN, an unbranched Ci- C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical,
  • the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1, M-II-2, M-II-3, M-II-4, M-II-5, M-II-6, M-II-7, M-II-8, M-II-9, M-II-10, or M-II- 11, wherein the Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 may independently represent CR 4 , wherein the R 4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 CF 3 , -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -OCH 2
  • the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1, M-II-2, M-II-3, M-II-4, M-II-5, M-II-6, M-II-7, M-II-8, M-II-9, M-II-10, or M-II-11, wherein the Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 may independently represent CR 4 , wherein the R 4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -OCH 3 , -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 F, or -OC
  • the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1, M-II-2, M-II-3, M-II-4, M-II-5, M-II-6, M-II-7, M-II-8, or M-II-9, wherein A 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 , and A 3 represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S; for example, wherein A 1 and A 2 independently represent CR 8 , and A 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as NR 7 , O, or S, for example, O or S; wherein A 1 independently represents N, A 2 independently represents CR 8 , and A 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH 2 ) m R 7 , O, or S, such as NR 7 , O, or S, for example, O or S; wherein A 1 independently represents N,
  • the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-10 or M-II-1 1, wherein A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 , for example, wherein A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently CR 8 ; wherein A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 independently represent N; wherein A 1 represents N, and A 2 and A 3 independently represent CR 8 ; wherein A 2 represents N, and A 1 and A 3 independently represent CR 8 ; wherein A 3 represents N, and
  • a 1 and A 2 independently represent CR 8 ; or wherein A 1 and A2 independently represent N, and A 3 independently represent CR 8 .
  • the R 7 of the NR 7 or the N(CH 2 ) m R 7 of the A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 of the ring system M-II may independently represent -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 9 , such as - S0 2 CH 3 ; -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 9 , such as -(CO)CH 3 ; an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 - alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3
  • the R 7 of the NR 7 or the N(CH 2 ) m R 7 may independently represent -H, -D, -S0 2 CH 3 , -(CO)CH 3 , an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, such as
  • the R 7 of the NR 7 or the N(CH 2 ) m R 7 may independently represent -H, -D, -S0 2 CH 3 , -(CO)CH 3 , -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , or a cyclopropyl radical.
  • the R 7 of the NR 7 or the N(CH 2 ) m R 7 may independently represent -H, -D, -S0 2 CH 3 , -(CO)CH 3 , or -CH 3 .
  • one, two, or each of A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 , of the ring system M-II may independently represent N or CR 8 , such as CR 8 ; for example, one or both of the A 1 and A 2 of the ring system M-II-1 to M-II-9, or one, two, or each of the A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 , of the ring system M-II- 10 or M-II-11, may independently represent CR 8 ; wherein the R 8 may independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 - alkyl; wherein the
  • the R 8 may independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br; -CN, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical; an unbranched -OCi- C 4 -alkyl, such as -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , or -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ; a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C -alkyl, such as -OCH(CH 3 ) 2 ; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, the C
  • the R 8 may independently represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , a cyclopropyl radical, -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 CF 3 , -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , or -OCH(CH 3 ) 2 ,
  • the R 8 may independently represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH 3 , -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , or -CF 3 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, wherein X 2 represents C or N, preferably X 2 represents C; wherein A 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N, NR 11 , N(CH 2 ) m R n , O, S, or CR 12 ; and wherein Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 are N; with the proviso that only one A 4 , A 5 , and A 6 is NR 11 , N(CH 2 ) m R n , O, or S; with the further proviso that when X 2 is N, then A 4 , A 5 , and A 6 independently represent N or CR 12 , and wherein one of A 4 ,
  • a 4 represents N or CR 12 , such as A 4 represents N, or A 4 represents CR 12 ; and A 6 represents NR 11 , N(CH 2 ) m R n , O, or S, such as A 6 represents NR 11 , O, or S, such as A 6 represents O or S; and wherein Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ 1 , Z 2 , Z , and Z 4 are N, such as at least 3 or each of the Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent CR 1 ; with the proviso that: a) when A 4 represents N, and A 6 represents S, and each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent CR 1 , then: i) no more than three of the R 1 is -H; ii) if one R 1 is -CI, then no more than two of the R 1 is -
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III- 1, wherein at least 3, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent (CR 1 ), for example, at least 2, 3, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent (CR 1 ) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent N, with the R 1 independently representing -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III- 1, wherein at least 3, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent (CR 1 ), for example, at least 2, 3, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent (CR 1 ) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent N, with the R 1 independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ; a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH(
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III-1, wherein at least 2, 3, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent (CR 1 ), for example, at least 3, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent (CR 1 ) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent N, with the R 1 independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -
  • the A 4 , A 5 , and A 6 of the ring system M-III may independently represent NR 11 or N(CH 2 ) m R n , wherein the R 11 of the NR 11 or the N(CH 2 ) m R n may independently represent -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 13 , such as -S0 2 CH 3 ; - (CO)(CH 2 ) m R 13 , such as -(CO)CH 3 ; -(CO)N(R 1 )(R 14 ), such as -(CO)N(CH 3 ) 2 ;an unbranched C C 4 - alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci- C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C
  • the R 11 of the NR 11 or the N(CH 2 ) m R n may independently represent -H, -D, -S0 2 (CH 2 ) m R 13 , such as -S0 2 CH 3 ; -(CO)(CH 2 ) m R 13 , such as -(CO)CH 3 ; - (CO)N(R 1 )(R 14 ), such as -(CO)N(CH 3 ) 2 ;an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C 3 -C - alkyl radical, or the C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, may be independently
  • the R 11 of the NR 11 or the N(CH 2 ) m R n may independently represent -H, -D, -S0 2 CH 3 , -(CO)
  • the R 11 of the NR 11 or the N(CH 2 ) m R n may independently represent -H, -D, -S0 2 CH 3 , -(CO)CH 3 , or -CH 3 ; such as the R 11 of the NR 11 or the N(CH 2 ) m R n may independently represent -H, -D, or -CH 3 .
  • a 4 , A 5 , and A 6 may independently represent CR 12 , such as, one or two of the A 4 , A 5 , and A 6 may independently represent CR 12 , wherein the R 12 of the CR 12 may independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; C 3 -C 6 - cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutylbutyl radical; a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, such as -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , -OCH
  • the R 12 of the CR 12 may represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutylbutyl radical; a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi- C 4 -alkyl, such as -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ; or a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, such as -OCH(CH 3 ) 2 , -O-cyclo
  • the R 12 of the CR 12 may represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 CF 3 , -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -OCH(CH 3 ) 2 , -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 F, -OCF 3 , or -OCH 2 CF 3 ; for example, the R 12 of the CR 12 may represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 ,
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by one of the following:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent N or CR 1 , with the proviso that no more than two of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z , and Z 4 are N; and wherein Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR 4 , with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N.
  • the proviso no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are N.
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W
  • Z 6 or Z 7 represents CR 4 with said R 4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety
  • Z 7 or Z 8 represents CR 4 with said R 4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety
  • Z 8 or Z 9 represents CR 4 with said R 4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by one of the following:
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-1 with the R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 may independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 are N, and wherein Z 7 and Z 9 may independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than one of Z 7 and Z 9 are N.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-2 with the R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 may independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 are N, and wherein Z 6 and Z 9 may independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than one of Z 6 and Z 9 are N; with the further proviso that when each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 independently represent CR 1 , and both Z 6 and Z 9 independently represent CR 4 , then no more than five of the following is -H: the R 1 of the Z 1 to Z 4 , the R 4 of the Z 6 , and the R 4 of the Z 9 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-3 with the R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 may independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 are N, and wherein Z 6 and Z 7 may independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than one of Z 6 and Z 7 are N.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-4 with the R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
  • Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 may independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than one ofZ 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 are N, and wherein Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 may independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 are N.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-5 with the R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , and Z 3 may independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than one ofZ 1 , Z 2 , and Z 3 are N, and wherein Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 may independently represent N or CR 4 ; with the proviso that no more than two of Z 6 , Z 7 , and Z 9 are N.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-6 with the R 4 of Z 8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 may independently represent N or CR 1 ; with the proviso that no more than two Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 are N, and wherein Z 6 independently represents CR 4 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV-2, M-IV-3, M-IV-4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein at least 2, 3, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , independently represent (CR 1 ), for example, at least 2, 3, or each of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z , independently represent (CR ) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z , Z , Z , and Z , independently represent N, with the R 1 independently representing -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OC
  • the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di -radical or a (3-4 membered)- heteroalkyl di -radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di -radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-
  • Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C 4 -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C 2 -haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C 2 - haloalkyl radical.
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , or Z 4 , of the ring system M-IV may independently represent (CR 1 ), wherein the R 1 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)N(R 2 )(R 3 ), -S0 2 d-C 4 -alkyl, or -S0 2 N(R 2 )(R 3 ); wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, the branched C 3
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , or Z 4 , of the ring system M-IV may independently represent (CR 1 ), wherein the R 1 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br; -CN, an unbranched Ci- C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical; an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, such as -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , or
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , or Z 4 , of the ring system M-IV may independently represent (CR 1 ), wherein the R 1 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , a cyclopropyl radical, a cyclobutyl radical, -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 CF 3 , -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -OCH(CH 3 ) 2 , -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 F, -OCF 3 , -OCH 2 CF 3 , -OCH 2 CF 3
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV -2, M-IV-3, M-IV -4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein adjacent members of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 , is (CR ⁇ CR 1 ), wherein the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical, such as -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 - or
  • -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 - or represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, such as -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 - -OCH 2 CH 2 N(H)-; -OCH 2 CH 2 N(Ci-C 4 -alkyl)-, such as - OCH 2 CH 2 N(Me)-; - CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 N(CO)(C !
  • -C 4 -alkyl -N(H)CH 2 CH 2 0- -N(d-C 4 - alkyl)CH 2 CH 2 0-, such as -N(Me)CH 2 CH 2 0-; -OCH 2 CH 2 0-; -OCH 2 CH 2 -; -OCH 2 0-; -OCF 2 0-; or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 0-.
  • the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M- IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV-2, M-IV-3, M-IV-4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein the Z 6 , Z , Z , and Z may independently represent CR , wherein the R independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br; -CN, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical; an unbranched -OCi-C 4 -alkyl, such as
  • R 4 independently represents CR 4 , wherein the R 4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -CH 2 CF 3 , -OCH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 3 , -OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -OCH(CH 3 ) 2 , -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 F, -OCF 3 , or -OCH 2 CF 3 ; such as the R 4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH 3 , -CH 2 F, -CHF 2 , -CF 3 , -OCH 3
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I or the ring system M-IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV-2, M-IV-3, M-IV-4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein the compound may comprise R 2 , R 3 , or both R 2 and R 3 , independently representing -H; an unbranched Ci-C 6 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 or -CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C 6 -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; or a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical.
  • R 2 and R 3 may independently represent -H, -D, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , a cyclopropyl radical, or a cyclobutyl radical, such as independently represent -H, -D, -CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 3 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I or the ring system M-IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV-2, M-IV-3, M-IV-4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein the compound may comprise an N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety, wherein the N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R 2 and R 3 taken together represent a C 2 -C 6 -alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -
  • the N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R 2 and R 3 taken together represent a C 2 -alkyl di-radical, a C 3 -alkyl di-radical, C 4 -alkyl di-radical, or C 5 -alkyl di-radical, such as a C 2 -alkyl di-radical.
  • the N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety of the ring system M-I or the ring system M-IV may form a cycle wherein the R 2 and R 3 taken together represent a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, such as (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C 4 - alkyl radical, such as -CH(
  • the N(R 2 )(R 3 ) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R 2 and R 3 taken together represent a (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, wherein the (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen or nitrogen, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , a cyclopropyl radical. -(CO)CH 3 , -(CO)CH 2 CH 3 , -(S0 2 )CH 3 , or -(S0 2 )CH 2 CH 3 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1 to M-II-11, wherein the compound may comprise R 9 , R 10 , or both R 9 and R 10 , independently representing -H; an unbranched Ci-C 6 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 or -CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C 6 -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; or a C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical.
  • R 9 and R 10 may independently represent -H, -D, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , a cyclopropyl radical, or a cyclobutyl radical, such as independently represent -H, -D, -CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 3 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1 to M-II-11, wherein the compound may comprise an N(R 9 )(R 10 ) moiety, wherein the N(R 9 )(R 10 ) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R 9 and R 10 taken together represent a C 2 -C 6 -alkyl di- radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -
  • the N(R 9 )(R 10 ) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R 9 and R 10 taken together represent a C 2 -alkyl di-radical, a C 3 -alkyl di-radical, C 4 -alkyl di-radical, or C 5 - alkyl di-radical, such as a C 2 -alkyl di-radical.
  • the N(R 9 )(R 10 ) moiety of the ring system M-II may, for example, form a cycle wherein the R 9 and R 10 taken together represent a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, such as (4-5 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2
  • the N(R 9 )(R 10 ) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R 9 and R 10 taken together represent a (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, wherein the (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen or nitrogen, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , a cyclopropyl radical. -(CO)CH 3 , -(CO)CH 2 CH 3 , -(S0 2 )CH 3 , or -(S0 2 )CH 2 CH 3 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III- 1, wherein the compound may comprise R 13 , R 14 , or both R 13 and R 14 ,
  • Ci-C -alkyl radical such as -CH 3 or -CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; or a C 3 -C -cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical.
  • R 13 and R 14 may independently represent -H, -D, -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , a cyclopropyl radical, or a cyclobutyl radical, such as independently represent -H, -D, -CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 3 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III- 1, wherein the compound may comprise an N(R 1 )(R 14 ) moiety, wherein the
  • N(R 1 )(R 14 ) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R 13 and R 14 taken together represent a C 2 -C 6 -alkyl di- radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 - cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -(S0 2 )-unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, or
  • the N(R 1 )(R 14 ) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R 13 and R 14 taken together represent a C 2 -alkyl di-radical, a C 3 -alkyl di-radical, C 4 -alkyl di-radical, or C 5 -alkyl di- radical, such as a C 2 -alkyl di-radical.
  • the N(R 1 )(R 14 ) moiety of the ring system M-III may form a cycle wherein the R 13 and R 14 taken together represent a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, such as (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, such as -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , a branched C 3 -C -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ; a C 3 -C -
  • the N(R 1 )(R 14 ) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R 13 and R 14 taken together represent a (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, wherein the (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen or nitrogen, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , a cyclopropyl radical. -(CO)CH 3 , -(CO)CH 2 CH 3 , -(S0 2 )CH 3 , or -(S0 2 )CH 2 CH 3 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, M-II, M-III, or M-IV, wherein m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6, for example, represents an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I or M-IV, wherein adjacent members of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 , is (CR ⁇ CR 1 ), and the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) forms a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C 4 -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is unsubstituted (specifically is -N(H)-) or is substituted with an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I or M-IV, wherein adjacent members of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 , is (CR ⁇ CR 1 ), such as adjacent members Z 1 and Z 2 is (CR ⁇ CR 1 ), adjacent members Z 2 and Z 3 is (CR ⁇ CR 1 ), adjacent members Z 3 and Z 4 is (CR ⁇ CR 1 ), or adjacent members Z 4 and Z 5 is (CR ⁇ CR 1 ), and the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) forms a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C -alkyl di -radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, for example, at
  • adjacent members of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 is (CR ⁇ CR 1 ), and the (CR ⁇ CR 1 ) forms a cycle such that the adjacent R 1 substitutents taken together represents a C 3 -C -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, and the C 3 -C - alkyl di-radical or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises: -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -;
  • -C 4 -alkyl -N(H)CH 2 CH 2 0-, -N(d-C 4 - alkyl)CH 2 CH 2 0- such as -N(Me)CH 2 CH 2 0-; -OCH 2 CH 2 0-; -OCH 2 CH 2 -; -OCH 2 0-; -OCF 2 0-; or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 0-.
  • the C 3 -C -alkyl di-radical or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical is specified, it is both referenced and attached on the ring system M-I or M-IV, in order from lowest to highest of adjacent members of Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 .
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise racemic mixture of enantiomers, a mixture of diastereomers, a single enantiomer, or a single diastereomer, of the compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may comprise a mixture of tautomers, substantially a single tautomer form, or a single tautomer form, such as a tautomer contained within the aminoisoxazoline ring system or a tautomer resulting from one or more substitutents substituted on the aminoisoxazoline ring system, for example, a tautomer may be contained within the aminoisoxazoline ring system or one or more substitutents substituted on the aminoisoxazoline ring system containing a heteroaryl ring nitrogen adjacent to a heteroaryl ring carbon substituted with a hydroxyl group.
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may include, collectively or individually, the compounds listed below, and single (R)- or (S)- enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • the specified examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), as listed above, for example, may be collectively or individually, the single (R)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or for example, may be collectively or individually, the single (S)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may include, collectively or individually, the compounds listed below, and single (R)- or (S)- enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • the specified examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), as listed above, for example, may be collectively or individually, the single (R)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or for example, may be collectively or individually, the single (S)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-I may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: (R)-N-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H- l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine .
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-II may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-II may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • the aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be more potent against a l nAChR (according to the a l nAChR Binding Assay (Ki)) than against a 5-HT 3 serotonin receptor (according to the [ H]BRL 43694 competition binding (Ki)).
  • the aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be at least 1.5 times more potent against a l nAChR than against a 5-HT 3 serotonin receptor, as determined by the a l nAChR Binding Assay and the [ H]BRL 43694 competition binding assay, respectively, such as at least 2 times more potent, at least 3 times more potent, at least 4 times more potent, at least 5 times more potent, at least 6 times more potent, at least 7 times more potent, at least 8 times more potent, at least 9 times more potent, at least 10 times more potent, at least 15 times more potent, at least 20 times more potent, or at least 25 times more potent against a7 nAChR than against a 5-HT 3 serotonin receptor, as determined by the a7 nAChR Binding Assay and the [ H]BRL 43694 competition binding as
  • treating includes the generally accepted meaning which encompasses improving, modifying, decreasing, prohibiting, preventing, restraining, minimizing, slowing, halting, stopping, curing, and/or reversing a symptom associated with a disease and/or a disease.
  • Treatment may include both therapeutic and prophylactic administration.
  • treatment of a cognitive impairment, in a patient diagnosed as having a cognitive impairment may include, but is not limited to, curing the cognitive impairment, preventing the deterioration of one or more symptoms associated with the cognitive impairment; improving cognition in a patient suffering from the cognitive impairment, slowing the progression of the cognitive impairment and/or modifying the cognitive impairment.
  • the term "effective dose” (or “dose”), unless otherwise specified, is understood to include a therapeutically acceptable dose, a thereapeutically acceptable amount, a thereapeutically effective dose, a thereapeutically effective amount, a pharmaceutically acceptable dose, a pharmaceutically acceptable amount, a pharmaceutically effective dose, or a pharmaceutically effective amount.
  • the term "cognitive impairment,” unless otherwise specified, includes at least one of the following: Limited Cognitive Impairment (LCI), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (or dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type) or a particular stage of Alzheimer's disease, inclusive of pre-Alzheimer's disease, early Alzheimer's disease, mild Alzheimer's disease, moderate Alzheimer's disease, severe Alzheimer's disease, pre-Alzheimer' s-to-mild Alzheimer's disease, mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease,
  • LCI Limited Cognitive Impairment
  • MCI Mild Cognitive Impairment
  • Alzheimer's disease or dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type
  • a particular stage of Alzheimer's disease inclusive of pre-Alzheimer's disease, early Alzheimer's disease, mild Alzheimer's disease, moderate Alzheimer's disease, severe Alzheimer's disease, pre-Alzheimer' s-to-mild Alzheimer's disease, mild-
  • schizophrenia for example, paranoid type schizophrenia, disorganized type schizophrenia, catatonic type schizophrenia, undifferentiated type schizophrenia
  • cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia for example, paranoid type schizophrenia, disorganized type schizophrenia, catatonic type schizophrenia, undifferentiated type schizophrenia
  • cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, positive symptoms of schizophrenia, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, or schizophrenia with dementia.
  • Alzheimer's disease may include, unless otherwise specified, any of the sub-diagnostic categories used to characterize the type or degree of cognitive impairment in a patient for treatment purposes.
  • a commonly referenced diagnostic scale for characterizing the degree of cognitive impairment for a patient with Alzheimer's disease includes the 3 -stage Alzheimer Disease Model.
  • the 3-stages consist of: mild stage (also referred to as “early Alzheimer's disease” or "mild
  • Alzheimer's disease or “early stage Alzheimer's disease” or “mild dementia of an Alzheimer's- type”
  • moderate stage also referred to as “middle Alzheimer's disease” or “moderate Alzheimer's disease” or “middle stage Alzheimer's disease” or “moderate dementia of an Alzheimer's-type”
  • severe stage also referred to as "late Alzheimer's disease” or “severe Alzheimer's disease” or “late stage Alzheimer's disease” or “severe dementia of an Alzheimer's-type”
  • stages it is also not uncommon for treatment purposes to characterize stages together, such as pre-Alzheimer's disease-to-mild stage Alzheimer's disease, mild- to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, or moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease.
  • Another useful diagnostic scale that is used in characterizing the degree of cognitive impairment for a patient having Alzheimer's disease is the Seven Stage Alzheimer's Disease Model (sometimes known as the "Seven Stage Global Deterioration Scale” or the "Reisberg Scale”).
  • This diagnostic scale divides the progression of the cognitive disorder associated with Alzheimer's disease as follows: Stage 1-no Alzheimer's disease (generally characterized by absence of impairment, no impairment, or normal function), Stage 2-pre-Alzheimer's disease (generally characterized by minimal impairment, normal forgetfulness, or very mild cognitive decline), Stage 3 -early-stage Alzheimer's disease (generally characterized by a noticeable cognitive decline, early confusional/mild cognitive impairment, or mild cognitive decline), Stage 4-early-stage/mild Alzheimer's disease (also referred to as late
  • Stage 5- middle -stage/moderate Alzheimer's also referred to as early dementia/moderate Alzheimer's disease and generally characterized by moderately severe cognitive decline
  • Alzheimer's disease includes all of the above named diagnostic catagories or disease characterizations.
  • Alzheimer's disease it is also not uncommon for a physician to categorize any one or more of the above noted states of Alzheimer's disease as being probable, for example, probable mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease or probable severe Alzheimer's disease, when their diagnosis does not include, for example a physical biopsy or other definitive analysis.
  • Mild Cognitive Impairment is considered by some to be an intermediate stage between normal aging and the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
  • MCI may be characterized by persistent forgetfulness, but may lack some or many of the more debilitating symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.
  • Another set of criteria that may characterize a patient as having mild cognitive impairment suitable for treatment includes a patient that meets the following: 1) memory complaints corroborated by an informant, 2) objective memory impairment for age and education, 3) normal general cognitive function, 4) intact activities of daily living, and 5) the patient does not meet criteria for dementia.
  • a patient characterized as having mild cognitive impairment may not yet have a clinical cognitive deficit.
  • Mild cognitive impairment may also be distinguished from senile dementia in that mild cognitive impairment involves a more persistent and troublesome problem of memory loss for the age of the patient. On the clinical diagnostic scale, mild cognitive impairment is followed, in increased severity, by Alzheimer's disease.
  • LCI Cognitive Impairment
  • a cognitive impairment i.e. , symptoms or conditions
  • LCIs may include minor impairments to memory associated with focus and concentration (e.g., accuracy and speed of learning and recalling information), working memory (e.g., used in decision making and problem solving), cognition, focus, mental quickness, and mental clarity.
  • stereoisomer refers to a molecule capable of existing in more than one spatial atomic arrangement for a given atomic connectivity (e.g., enantiomers, meso compounds, and diastereomers). As used herein, the term “stereoisomer” means either or both enantiomers and diastereomers.
  • aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may contain one or more stereogenic centers. Accordingly, compounds of this invention can exist as either individual stereoisomers or mixtures of two or more stereoisomers. A compound of the present invention will include both mixtures (e.g., racemic mixtures) and also individual respective stereoisomers that are substantially free from another possible stereoisomer.
  • substantially free of other stereoisomers means less than 25% of other stereoisomers, less than 10% of other stereoisomers, less than 5% of other stereoisomers, less than 2% of other stereoisomers, or less than "X"% of other stereoisomers (wherein X is a number between 0 and 100, inclusive) are present.
  • aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may contain one or more tautomeric forms. Accordingly, compounds of this invention can exist as either individual tautomers or mixtures of tautomeric forms. A compound of the present invention will include both mixtures (e.g., mixtures of tautomeric forms) and also individual respective tautomers that are substantially free from another possible tautomer.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may contain one or more geometric isomers. Accordingly, compounds of this invention can exist as either geometric isomers or mixtures of geometric isomers. A compound of the present invention will include both mixtures (e.g., mixtures of geometric isomers) and also individual respective geometric isomers that are substantially free from another possible geometric isomer.
  • haloalkyl refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 5 halogen substituents independently selected from -F, -CI, -Br, and -I.
  • a haloalkyl may represent a -CF 3 group, a -CCI3 group, a -CH 2 CF 3 group, or a -CF 2 CF 3 group.
  • heteroaryl refers to an aromatic ring system comprising at least one or more hetero- ring atoms, such as two, three, four, or five hetero- ring atoms, independently selected from N, O, and S.
  • Suitable heteroaryl groups may include a single ring, for example, thienyl, pyridyl, thiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidyl, imidazolyl, furanyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrrolyl, pydridazinyl, triazinyl, oxadiazolyl, and furazanyl.
  • Sutiable heteroaryl groups may include a fused ring system, for example, a six-six fused ring system, a six-five fused ring system, or a five-six fused ring system, such as benzothienyl, quinolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, indolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoquinolinyl, cinnolinyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl, phthalazinyl, isoindolyl, purinyl, benzofurazanyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiazolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthridinyl, and furopyridinyl.
  • a fused ring system for example, a six-six fused ring system, a six
  • Suitable "heterocycloalkyl” groups include those having at least one or more hetero- ring atoms, such as two or three hetero- ring atoms, independently selected from at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl radical, a branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl radical, a C 3 -C 4 -cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C 3 -C 4 -alkyl, -(S0 2 )-unbranched Ci-C 4 -alkyl, or -(S0 2 )-branched C 3 - C 4 -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom
  • Suitable heterocycloalkyl groups may include, for example, tetrahydrofurano, tetrahydropyrano, morpholino, pyrrolidino, piperidino, piperazino, azetidino, azetidinono, oxindolo, oxetano, dihydroimidazolo, and pyrrolidinono.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), according to the present invention may be acid addition salts with inorganic or organic acids.
  • these salts include acid addition salts with, for instance, mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydriodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or phosphoric acid; organic acids, for example carboxylic acids or sulfonic acids, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzene sulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, isethionic acid, glucuronic acid, gluconic acid, methane sulfonic acid or ethane sul
  • a pharmaceutical composition may comprise an
  • aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are suitable for use as medicaments for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases in humans and/or animals.
  • the invention relates to a method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof act as ligands, in particular as a7-nAChR agonists.
  • a method of treating a patient in need thereof comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating a patient in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating a patient in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the patient may suffer from a cognitive impairment or suffers from one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive impairment, such as Limited Cognitive Impairment (LCI), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an cognitive impairment
  • Alzheimer' s-type schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, positive symptoms of schizophrenia, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, schizophrenia with dementia, or major depressive disorder.
  • a method of treating Alzheimer's disease comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating Alzheimer's disease such as preventing the progression or disease modification of the Alzheimer's disease, in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a
  • a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type in a patient comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type in a patient comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with dementia of an Alzheimer' s- type in a patient comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type in a patient comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia in a patient in need thereof comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia in a patient in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia in a patient in need thereof comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can, because of their pharmacological properties, be employed, alone or in combination with other active ingredients, for the treatment and/or prevention of cognitive impairments, for example, Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type, or schizophrenia.
  • aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are particularly suitable for improving cognition, providing procognitive effects, improving perception, improving concentration, improving learning or memory, improving one or more aspects of cognition, e.g., one or more of: executive function, memory (e.g., working memory), social cognition, visual learning, verbal learning and speed of processing, especially after or associated with cognitive impairments like those occurring for example in
  • situations/diseases/syndromes such as mild cognitive impairment, age-associated learning and memory impairments, age-associated memory loss, vascular dementia, craniocerebral trauma, stroke, dementia occurring after strokes (post-stroke dementia), post-traumatic brain syndrome, posttraumatic stress disorder, general concentration impairments, concentration impairments in children with learning and memory problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, Fragile X syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia, dementia with degeneration of the frontal lobes, including Pick's syndrome, frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson's disease, dyskinesias associated with dopamine agonist therapy in Parkinson's Disease, progressive nuclear palsy, dementia with corticobasal degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, thalamic degeneration, Creutzfeld-Jakob dementia, HIV dementia, schizophrenia (e.g., paranoid type, disorganized type, catatonic type, and undifferentiated type), schizo
  • the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be employed alone or in combination with other active ingredients for the prophylaxis and treatment of acute and/or chronic pain (for a classification, see “Classification of Chronic Pain, Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definitions of Pain Terms", 2 nd edition, Meskey and Begduk, editors; IASP Press, Seattle, 1994), especially for the treatment of cancer-induced pain and chronic neuropathic pain like, for example, that associated with diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, peripheral nerve damage, central pain (for example as a consequence of cerebral ischaemia) and trigeminal neuralgia, and other chronic pain such as, for example, lumbago, backache, or rheumatic pain.
  • these active ingredients are also suitable for the therapy of primary acute pain of any origin and of secondary states of pain resulting therefrom, and for the therapy of states of pain which were formerly acute and have
  • the invention relates to a method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof, such as a patient suffering from, or diagnosed as having, a cognitive impairment or having one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive impairment, an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a
  • the method may treat and/or improve the one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive impairment and/or the cognitive impairment.
  • the cognitive impairment is Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, or schizophrenia.
  • a certain embodiment of the present invention provides a method of improving one or more cognitive symptoms, improving one or more behavioral symptoms, or both, associated with a cognitive impairment, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • the cognitive impairment is Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, or schizophrenia.
  • the method provides a pro-cognitive effect in a patient suffering from, or diagnosed as having, a cognitive disease or dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the method provides at least one of the following: visual motor, learning, delayed memory, or executive function; for example provides a pro-cognitive effect, exclusive of attention, in said patient; for example provides a pro-cognitive effect in at least one of the following: visual motor, learning, delayed memory, or executive function.
  • a certain embodiment of the present invention provides a method of treating a patient with a cognitive disease, comprising: administering to the patient a daily dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • the method provides a pro-cognitive effect in a patient suffering from, or diagnosed as having, schizophrenia, for example, paranoid type schizophrenia, disorganized type schizophrenia, catatonic type schizophrenia, undifferentiated type schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, positive symptoms of schizophrenia, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, or schizophrenia with dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to a patient in need thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluents; wherein the method provides at least one of the following: visual motor, learning, delayed memory, or executive function; for example provides a pro-cognitive
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments includes wherein the daily dose is an initial daily dose.
  • the daily dose is an initial daily dose.
  • a certain embodiment of the present invention provides a method of improving cognition of a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluents.
  • the present invention provides a method of improving cognition in a patient suffering from Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, or schizophrenia, comprises: administering to the patient an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluents.
  • a method of treating or improving one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive disease and/or a cognitive impairment in a patient in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with a cognitive disease.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having a cognitive disease wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having a cognitive disease.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with Alzheimer's disease.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes preventing progression of Alzheimer's disease.
  • the method specifically includes disease modification of Alzheimer's disease.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having schizophrenia any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having schizophrenia.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having schizophrenia with dementia.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having major depressive disorder.
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having a disease associated with chronic inflammation, including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and
  • any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a tablet.
  • the invention also includes pharmaceutical preparations which, besides inert, nontoxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients, adjuvants and carriers, contain one or more aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or consist of one or more aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and processes for producing these preparations.
  • pharmaceutical preparations which, besides inert, nontoxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients, adjuvants and carriers, contain one or more aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or consist of one or more aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and processes for producing these preparations.
  • An aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be formulated for administration in solid or liquid form.
  • an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be formulated for administration in a capsule, a tablet, or a powder form.
  • an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be formulated alone or as part of a pharmaceutical composition, suitable for oral administration, such as in a capsule or tablet, intravenous administration, parenteral administration, topical administration, or transdermal administration, such as in a patch, to a patient in need thereof.
  • An aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be administered as a pharmaceutical composition, for example, in the presence of carriers, adjuvants, excipients, diluents, fillers, buffers, stabilizers, preservatives, lubricants, and the like, for example, administered as a pharmaceutical composition (e.g. , formulation) comprising at least an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, excipients, diluents, or other materials well known to those skilled in the art.
  • a pharmaceutical composition e.g. , formulation
  • the term "pharmaceutically acceptable”, unless otherwise specified, includes the generally accepted meaning which encompasses combinations, compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for consumption by humans without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
  • Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, excipients, and diluents can include, but are not limited to, lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, starches, gum, acacia, calcium phosphate, alginates, tragacanth, gelatin, calcium silicate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose, water syrup, methyl cellulose, methyl and propyl hydroxybenzoates, talc, magnesium stearate, and mineral oil.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants and vehicles that may be used in the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to, ion exchangers, alumina, aluminum stearate, lecithin, serum proteins, such as human serum albumin, buffer substances such as phosphates, glycine, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, partial glyceride mixtures of saturated vegetable fatty acids, water, salts or electrolytes, such as protamine sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, zinc salts, colloidal silica, magnesium trisilicate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cellulose-based substances,
  • the formulations can additionally include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutically acceptable lubricating agents, glidants, wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, preserving agents, sweetening agents, and/or flavoring agents.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be formulated so as to provide quick release, immediate release, sustained release, or delayed release of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, after administration to the patient by employing procedures well-known in the art.
  • Another embodiment of the invention further comprises methods of making
  • composition comprising admixing at least an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, buffers, adjuvants, stabilizers, or other materials.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are to be present in these preparations in a concentration of from 0.1 to 99.5% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 95% by weight, of the complete mixture.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations may also contain other active pharmaceutical ingredients.
  • the novel active ingredients can be converted in a known manner into conventional formulations such as tablets, coated tablets, pills, granules, aerosols, syrups, emulsions, suspensions and solutions, using inert, nontoxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients or solvents.
  • the therapeutically active compound should in each case be present in a concentration of about 0.5 to 90% by weight of the entire mixture, i.e., in amounts which are sufficient to reach the stated dose range.
  • the formulations are produced, for example, by extending the active ingredients with solvents and/or excipients, where appropriate with use of emulsifiers and/or dispersants, it being possible for example when water is used as diluent where appropriate to use organic solvents as auxiliary solvents.
  • administration may take place in a conventional way, for example, orally, transdermally or parenterally, especially perlingually or intravenously.
  • administration may also take place by inhalation through the mouth or nose, for example, with the aid of a spray, or topically via the skin.
  • the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be administered in amounts of about 0.01 to 10 mg/kg, on oral administration, for example, about 0.05 to 5 mg/kg, of body weight to achieve effective results.
  • LCMS (A) Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5 mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 10- 80AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Boston Green ODS 2.1x30 mm, 3 pm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (B) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5 ml TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5-95AB_R_2W; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (C) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2 mL NH3H20; Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name: 5-95CD_4.5MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (D) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5 mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5- 95AB_R_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP- 18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (E) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5 ml TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5-95AB_R; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (F) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2 ml NH3H20, Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name: 5-95CD_2MIN_ 2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: XBrige Shield RP-18 2.1x50 mm, 5 ⁇ ; Column temperature: 30 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (G) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2 mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name: 10-80CD_4MIN _2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: XBridge C-18 2.1x50 mm, 5 ⁇ m; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (H) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5 mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 10- 80AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Xtimate C-18, 2.1x30 mm, 3 ⁇ ; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (I) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2 mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name:0-60CD_4.5MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 ml/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: XBrige Shield RP-18 2.1x50 mm, 5 ⁇ ; Column temperature 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (J) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name: 10-80CD_2MIN_POS_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2ml/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Xbridge C-18 2.1x50 mm, 5 ⁇ ; Column
  • LCMS (K) Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 30AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (L) Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA;Method name: 0-30AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (M) Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 60AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (N) Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 60AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (O) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: CAN; Method name: 0-30CD_2MIN_POS_2W; Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5um; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (P) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: CAN; Method name: 0-60CD_2MIN_POS_2W; Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5um; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (Q) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: CAN; Method name: 0-60CD_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5um; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (R) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 10- 80AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Xtimate C18, 2.1x30mm, 3um; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (S) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: CAN; Method name: 30- 90CD_4MIN_POS_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 30%-90%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5um; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (T) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5- 95AB_15MIN_YMC; Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: YMC-Pack ODS-A 5 ⁇ 150x4.6mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (U) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 30AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (V) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS;Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA;Method name: 0- 30AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (W) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 60AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (X) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 60AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (Y) Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5 ml TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5-95AB_R_2W; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (Z) Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5 mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5- 95AB_R_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP- 18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (AA) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2mL NH 3 FLO, Mobile phase B: ACN; Method name: 10-80CD_2MIN_NEG; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5 ⁇ ; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (BB) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA;Method name: 0- 60AB R 2W; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (CC) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA;Method name: 0- 30AB_R_2W; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (DD) LCMS (DD)
  • Instrument Agilent 1200 Series LCMS
  • Mobile phase A 4L H20 ⁇ 1.5mL TFA
  • Mobile phase B 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA
  • Methodhod name 10- 80AB R 2W
  • Flow Rate 1.5 mL/min.
  • Gradient 10%-80%
  • Column Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm
  • Wavelength 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (EE) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 1L H20 ⁇ 0.375mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: WUXIAB00; Flow Rate: 0.6 -l .OmL/min; Gradient: 0%-80%-100%; Column: Agilent 5 TC-C18 50x2.1 mm;
  • LCMS (FF) LCMS (FF)
  • Instrument Agilent 1200 Series
  • Mobile phase A 1L H20 ⁇ 0.375mL TFA
  • Mobile phase B 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA
  • Method name WUXIAB01
  • Flow Rate 0.8 -l .OmL/min
  • Gradient l%-90%-100%
  • Column Agilent 5 TC-C18 50x2.1 mm;
  • LCMS (GG) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 1L H20 ⁇ 0.375mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN ⁇ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: WUXIABIO; Flow Rate: 0.8 -1.0 mL/min; Gradient: 10%-100%; Column: Agilent 5 TC-C18 50x2.1 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • LCMS (HH) Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 ⁇ 2mL NH 3 H 2 0, Mobile phase B: ACN; Method name: 0-60CD_2MIN_NEG; Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5 ⁇ ; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
  • Detection DAD Wavelength 220-320 nm.
  • cHPLCl Chiral preparative HPLC instrument
  • HPLC instrument modules Shimadzu LC8-A preparative pumps, Shimadzu SCL-lOAvp system controller, Shimadzu SPD-lOAvp UV-VIS detector; Fraction Collector: Gilson 215 Liquid Handler.
  • GCMS [00245] GCMS Conditions Instrument: SHIMADZU GCMS-QP2010 Ultra; Carrier gas: He; Column Flow: 1.5mL/min; Injector: 250 °C; Split Ratio: 100: 1 ; Column: HP-5MS
  • FILM From: 40 °C (holding 3min) to 250 °C (holding 3min) at the rate of 25 °C/min.
  • cSFC Analytical Conditions R (“cSFC analytical (R)"): Column: Chiralpak AS-3 100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: 40% methanol (0.05% DEA) in C0 2 .
  • Example 2A -l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine (rac-A-2)
  • Example 5B 5-chloro-6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazole-2(3H)-thione (B-5)
  • Example 7B 2-chloroquinazoline (B-7)
  • Example 9B 8-chloroisoquinolin-3-ol (B-9)
  • Example 12B 3-chloroisoquinolin-5-amine (B-12)

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Abstract

The present invention relates to novel aminoisoxazoline compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions of the same, that are suitable as agonists or partial agonists of α7-nAChR, and methods of preparing these compounds and compositions, and the use of these compounds and compositions in methods of maintaining, treating and/or improving cognitive function. In particular, methods of administering the compound or composition to a patient in need thereof, for example a patient with a cognitive deficiency and/or a desire to enhance cognitive function, that may derive a benefit therefrom.

Description

AMINOISOXAZOLINE COMPOUNDS
AS AGONISTS OF ALPHA7-NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/243,947, filed October 20, 2015. The foregoing related application, in its entirety, is incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to novel aminoisoxazoline compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions of the same, that are suitable as agonists or partial agonists of the cc7- nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and methods of preparing these compounds and compositions, and the use of these compounds and compositions in methods of maintaining, treating and/or improving cognitive function. In particular, methods of administering the compound or composition to a patient in need thereof, for example a patient with a cognitive deficiency and/or a desire to enhance cognitive function, that may derive a benefit therefrom.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Many forms of cognitive disease represent a steadily growing medical and social problem of our aging societies around the world. The prevalence of cognitive disease, for example dementia in North America, is approximately 6 to 10% of the population, with Alzheimer's disease accounting for a substantial portion of these cases. It is also recognized that many other neurological and psychiatric disorders may display symptoms of cognitive impairment. Some believe the main pathological features of Alzheimer's disease may relate to intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, formation of amyloid beta plaques and/or neurodegeneration of mainly cholinergic and, in later stages, also serotonergic, noradrenergic, and other neurons, resulting in deficiencies of acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters. Some theories suggest that the gradual development of an acetylcholine signaling deficiency may be responsible for the early clinical manifestations of cognitive disease.
Consequently, some believe that compounds that improve cholinergic functioning, such as acetylcholine esterase inhibitors may ameliorate the cognitive deficits in patients with cognitive disease. The most widely used acetylcholine esterase inhibitor is donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept®). In addition to Alzheimer's disease, cholinergic deficits (reductions in neurotransmitter and/or receptor levels) are observed in other disorders where there are cognitive deficits, such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and Parkinson's disease.
[0004] Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) form a large family of ion channels which are activated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine which is produced in the body (Galzi and Changeux, Neuropharmacol. 1995, 34, 563-582). A functional nAChR consists of five subunits which may be different (certain combinations of al-9 and β1-4,γ,δ,ε subunits) or identical (a7-9). This leads to the formation of a diversity of subtypes which differ in the distribution in the muscles, the nervous system and other organs (McGehee and Role, Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1995, 57, 521-546). Activation of nAChR leads to influx of cations into the cell and to stimulation of nerve cells or muscle cells. Selective activation of individual nAChR subtypes restricts this stimulation to the cell types which have a corresponding nAChR subtype and is thus able to avoid unwanted side effects such as, for example, stimulation of nAChRs in the muscles. Clinical experiments with nicotine and experiments in various animal models indicate that central nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are involved in learning and memory processes (e.g. Rezvani and Levin, Biol. Psychiatry 2001, 49, 258-267). Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of the alpha7 subtype (a7 nAChR) have a particularly high concentration in regions of the brain which are important for learning and memory, such as the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex (Seguela et al., J. Neurosci. 1993, 13, 596-604). The l nAChR has a particularly high permeability for calcium ions, modulates neurotransmission, influences the growth of axons and, in this way, modulates neuronal plasticity (Broide and Leslie, Mol. Neurobiol. 1999, 20, 1-16).
[0005] WO 2003/055878 describes a variety of agonists of the al nAChR said to be useful for improving cognition. WO 2003/055878 suggests that certain agonists of the al nAChR are useful for improving perception, concentration, learning or memory, especially after cognitive impairments like those occurring for example in situations/diseases/syndromes such as mild cognitive impairment, age- associated learning and memory impairments, age-associated memory loss, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and certain other cognitive disorders.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] An aspect of the invention provides an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by
Formula (I):
W
Figure imgf000003_0001
wherein:
W represents a moiety represented by ring system M-I, M-II, M-III, or M-IV:
Figure imgf000003_0002
wherein: Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ*, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 are N;
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02d-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3),
-N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -S02Ci- C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2,
-N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
Figure imgf000004_0001
-(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3- C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2- haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched C1-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical;
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N;
R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R5)(R6), -(CO)C C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02d-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C -alkyl, the -S02d-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R5)S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical
substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR5,
-(CH2)mOR5, -N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -(CH2)mN(R5)(R6), -S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR5, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR5, -(CH2)mOR5, -N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -(CH2)mN(R5)(R6), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR5, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R5 and R6 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R5)(R6) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R5 and R6 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical;
X1 independently represents N or C;
A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N, NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, S, or CR8; with the proviso that only one A1, A2, and A3 is NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X1 is N, then A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8;
independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR9, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, - (CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; wherein the unbranched d- C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4- alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and wherein the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d- C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9,
-(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched d- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R9)(R10), -(CO)d-d-alkyl, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02d-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the d-d-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -Od-d-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -Od-d-alkyl, the -(CO)d-d-alkyl, the -S02d-d-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R9)S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R9 and R10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
X2 independently represents N or C;
A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; with the
proviso that only one A4, A5, and A6 is NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X2 is N, then A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N or CR12; independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR , -(CO)(CH2)mR , - (CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R1 )(R14), -S02C C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4- hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and wherein the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14),
-NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R1 )(R14), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02C!-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched d-d-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a d-d- hydroxyalkyl radical, a d-d-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R1 )(R14), -(CO)d-C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02d-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C -alkyl, the -S02d-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R1 )S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR ,
-(CH2)mOR13, -N(R13)(R14), -NR13(CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R13)(R14), -S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R13)(R14), -N(R13)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R13)(R14), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R13)(R14),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched C C4- alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
R13 and R14 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0007] An aspect of the invention provides an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I): W
Figure imgf000011_0001
wherein:
W re I, M-II, M-III, or M-IV:
Figure imgf000011_0002
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000011_0003
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3),
-N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci- C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, the C3-C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2,
-N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3- C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2- haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical;
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N; independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched d- C4-alkyl radical, a branched d-d-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R5)(R6), -(CO)d-C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -S02d-d-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02d-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R5)S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR5,
-(CH2)mOR5, -N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -(CH2)mN(R5)(R6), -S02d-d-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02d-d-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR5, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR5, -(CH2)mOR5, -N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -(CH2)mN(R5)(R6), -SO -Q-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR5, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), an unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, a branched d-d-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a d-d-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -Od-d- haloalkyl radical;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, a branched d-d-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R5)(R6) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R5 and R6 taken together represent a d-d- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di -radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di -radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
X1 independently represents N or C;
A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N, NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, S, or CR8; with the proviso that only one A1, A2, and A3 is NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X1 is N, then A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8;
R7 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR9, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -
(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4- alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and wherein the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d- C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH^SO.d-d-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9,
-(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched d- C4-alkyl radical, a branched d-d-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R9)(R10), -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -S02d-d-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -NiR^SO.d-C.-alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R9)S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR9,
-(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d-d-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-d-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02d-d-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10),
-(CH2)mS02d-d-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a d-d-haloalkyl radical, or -Od-d- haloalkyl radical;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, a branched d-d-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a d-d- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di -radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di -radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
X2 independently represents N or C;
A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; with the
proviso that only one A4, A5, and A6 is NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X2 is N, then A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N or CR12;
R11 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR13, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -
(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R1 )(R14), -S02C C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14),
Figure imgf000016_0001
-(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4- hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and wherein the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14),
-NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R1 )(R14), -S02C C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH^SO^-C.-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02C!-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C - hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched C
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R1 )(R14), -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -SOzd-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02C1-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, the -S02d-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R1 )S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR13,
-(CH2)mOR13, -N(R13)(R14), -NR13(CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R13)(R14), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R13)(R14), -N(R13)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R13)(R14), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R13)(R14),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched C C4- alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di -radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di -radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-phenyl-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(isoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(benzo [d]thiazol-2-yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine;
N-(6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(lH-indazol-3-yl)-4'H-4-azaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5'-isoxazol]-3'-amine;
N-(7-bromopyrrolo[2, l-f][l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(4-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(5 -chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(6-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(7-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(5-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(furo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and N-(furo[2,3-c]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine.
[0008] An aspect of the invention relates to the aminoisoxazoline compound of Formula (I), wherein the compound is represented by Formula (la):
Figure imgf000019_0001
[0009] An aspect of the invention relates to the aminoisoxazoline compound of Formula (I), wherein the compound is represented by Formula (lb):
Figure imgf000019_0002
[0010] An aspect of the invention relates to a single stereoisomer of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0011] An aspect of the invention relates to a single enantiomer or a single diastereomer of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0012] An aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0013] An aspect of the invention relates to a method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0014] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or
administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0015] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of maintaining, treating, curing and/or improving at least one cognitive function in a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent. [0016] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of maintaining, treating, curing and/or improving at least one cognitive function in a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0017] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient diagnosed as having a cognitive impairment, comprising: administering to the an effective dose of an
aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0018] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient, for example, a patient diagnosed with having a cognitive impairment, Limited Cognitive Impairment, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and/or schizophrenia, an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; such that the patient may derive a benefit therefrom.
[0019] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive impairment, comprising administering to a patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the patient suffers from, or has been diagnosed as having, a cognitive impairment.
[0020] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving cognition of a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent. [0021] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving cognition in a patient suffering from a cognitive impairment, such as a cognitive impairment associated with either schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease, for example mild Alzheimer's disease, moderate Alzheimer's disease, severe Alzheimer's disease, or mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, comprising
administering an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0022] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient suffering from, diagnosed with having, or suffers from one or more symptoms associated with, a cognitive impairment, for example, Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, MCI, LCI, or schizophrenia, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent. For example, the method of treating a patient suffering from, diagnosed with having, or suffers from one or more symptoms associated with, a cognitive impairment, may provide said patient at least one of the following: (i) treats, minimizes progression of, prevents the deterioration of, or reduces the rate of detioraration of, one or more symptoms associated with the cognitive impairment; (ii) treats the cognitive impairment; (iii) improves cognition in said cognitively impaired patient; (iv) improves one or more behavioral symptoms associated with the cognitive impairment; (v) provides a pro-cognitive effect; (vi) provides a pro-cognitive effect in at least one of the following: visual motor, learning, delayed memory, or executive function, or (vii) provides a positive effect on clinical function in said cognitively impaired patient.
[0023] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient previously treated, or currently being treated, with an AChEI, that is suffering from, or has been diagnosed with having, a cognitive impairment, for example, Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, MCI, LCI, or schizophrenia, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluents; wherein the method improves one or more symptoms associated with the cognitive impairment in the previously, or currently, AChEI treated patient. [0024] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient suffering from, or diagnosed with having a cognitive impairment, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the method provides a positive effect on cognition or a positive effect on clinical function in said cognitively impaired patient, and wherein said patient has been previously treated or is currently being treated with an AChEI.
[0025] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving cognition in a patient diagnosed as having a probable cognitive disease, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0026] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving or substantially improving one or more symptoms in a cognitve disease patient, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0027] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of slowing the rate of deterioration of at least one symptom in a cognitve disease patient, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient the pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0028] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive disease in a patient suffering therefrom, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent [0029] Another aspect provides a method of minimizing or substantially halting the rate of progression of one or more cognitive diseases in a patient suffering from a cognitive disease, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0030] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of substantially stopping or reversing progression of one or more cognitive diseases, in a patient suffering therefrom, comprising:
administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0031] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the effective amount of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein said effective amount is administered in an effective dose.
[0032] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0033] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[0034] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a tablet.
[0035] Another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating a patient having a cognitive disease and being administered an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the treatment comprises halting the administration of the acetylcholine esterase inhibitor prior to treating with the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] Figure 1: Illustrates a 3-D representation of the formed crystal of (S)-4H-V- azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine (2i?,3i?)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinate ((<S)-A-2 L tartaric acid salt).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0037] An embodiment of the present invention provides an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I):
Figure imgf000024_0001
wherein:
W re I, M-II, M-III, or M-IV:
Figure imgf000024_0002
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000024_0003
independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3),
-N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -S02Ci- C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, the C3-C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2,
-N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -SO.d-Q-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3- C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2- haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical;
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N;
R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R5)(R6), -(CO)C C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N^SO.d-d-alkyl, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C -alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R5)S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR5, -(CH2)mOR5, -N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -(CH2)mN(R5)(R6),
-S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR5, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR5, -(CH2)mOR5, -N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -(CH2)mN(R5)(R6), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR5, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R5 and R6 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R5)(R6) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R5 and R6 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
X1 independently represents N or C;
A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N, NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, S, or CR8; with the proviso that only one A1, A2, and A3 is NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X1 is N, then A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8; independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR9, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, - (CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; wherein the unbranched d- C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-C4- alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and wherein the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d- C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9,
-(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched d- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R9)(R10), -(CO)d-d-alkyl, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02d-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -Od-d-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -Od-d-alkyl, the -(CO)d-d-alkyl, the -S02d-d-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R9)S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR9,
-(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d-d-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R9 and R10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
X2 independently represents N or C;
A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; with the
proviso that only one A4, A5, and A6 is NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X2 is N, then A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N or CR12;
R11 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR13, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -
(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R1 )(R14), -S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -Ν(^ )802€!-€4-^γ1, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4- hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and wherein the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14),
-NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R1 )(R14), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02C!-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C - hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R1 )(R14), -(CO)d-C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02d-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C -alkyl, the -S02d-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R1 )S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR13,
-(CH2)mOR13, -N(R13)(R14), -NR13(CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R13)(R14), -S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R13)(R14), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R13)(R14), -N(R13)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R13)(R14), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R13)(R14),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched C C4- alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
R13 and R14 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-phenyl-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(isoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(benzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-( lH-indazol-3-yl)-4'H-4-azaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5'-isoxazol]-3'-amine;
N-(7-bromopyrrolo[2, l-f] [ l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(4-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(5 -chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(6-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(7-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(5-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(furo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and N-(furo[2,3-c]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0038] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) may be represented by Formula (la):
Figure imgf000032_0001
[0039] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) may be represented by Formula (lb):
Figure imgf000032_0002
[0040] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing d by the ring system M-I:
Figure imgf000032_0003
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two of Z Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 are N; independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3),
-N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -S02Ci- C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, the C3-C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2,
-N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -SO.d-Q-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3- C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2- haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a
Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-phenyl-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine; and
N-(5 -methoxypyrimidin-2-yl) -4H- 1 ' -azaspiro [isoxazole -5,3' -bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine .
[0041] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I:
Figure imgf000034_0001
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent Ν or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000034_0002
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02C1-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3),
-N(R2)S02Ci-C -alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -S02Ci- C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, the C3-C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2,
-N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3- C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2- haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
with the proviso that:
i) when each member of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently
represent CR1, then no more than four of the R1 is -H;
ii) when both of Z1 and Z5 are N and Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1 with the R1 of Z3 representing -OCH3, then no more than one of the R1 of the Z2 and Z4 is -H; or
iii) when Z1 is N, each of Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent CR1, and adjacent members Z3 and Z4 form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C4-alkyl di- radical; then:
a) no more than one of the R1 of the Z2 and Z5 is -H; or b) the C4-alkyl di-radical is independently substituted with at least one radical substituent;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0042] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II:
Figure imgf000037_0001
wherein:
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N;
R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
X1 independently represents N or C;
A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N, NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, S, or CR8; with the proviso that only one A1, A2, and A3 is NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X1 is N, then A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8;
R7 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR9, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -
(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C - alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
R8 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R9)(R10), -(CC d-C.-alkyl, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), or -N^SO.d-C.-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C - alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R9)S02d-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
R9 and R10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-(7-bromopyrrolo [2, 1 -fj [ 1 ,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(furo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and N-(furo[2,3-c]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine.
[0043] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representin represented by the ring system M-II:
Figure imgf000038_0001
wherein:
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent Ν or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N; independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched C
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
X1 independently represents N or C;
A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N, NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, S, or CR8; with the proviso that only one A1, A2, and A3 is NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X1 is N, then A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8;
R7 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR9, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -
(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C - alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
R8 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R9)(R10), -(CC d-C.-alkyl, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), or -N^SO.d-d-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, the -S02d-C4- alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
with the proviso that: a) when Z6 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the
W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, each of X1, Z7, and Z9 represent N, Z8 represents CR4, both A1 and A2 independently represent CR8, A3 represents CR8 and the R8 of the A3 represents -Br, then no more than two of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z8, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2;
b) when Z7 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X1 represents C, both Z8 and Z9 independently represent CR4, Z6 represents N, A3 represents O, and both A1 and A2 independently represent CR8, then no more than three of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z8, the R4 of the Z9, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2; or
c) when Z7 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X1 represents C, both Z6 and Z9 independently represent CR4, Z8 represents N, A3 represents O, and both A1 and A2 independently represent CR8, then no more than three of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z6, the R4 of the Z9, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2;
R9 and R10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. [0044] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III:
Figure imgf000041_0001
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000041_0002
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), or -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4- alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C - alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, or the
-N(R2)S02Ci-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2,
-(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02d-C4- alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
Figure imgf000041_0003
-(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi- C2-haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
independently represents N or C;
independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; with the proviso that only one A4, A5, and A6 is NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X2 is N, then A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N or CR12;
independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR13, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, - (CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0, independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di -radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di -radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(6 -methoxybenzo [d] thiazol -2 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5,3' -bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(lH-indazol-3-yl)-4'H-4-azaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5'-isoxazol]-3'-amine;
N-(4-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(5 -chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(6-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(7-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and N-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine.
[0045] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III:
Figure imgf000043_0001
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent Ν or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000043_0002
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), or -N(R2)S02Ci-C -alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C - alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C - alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, or the
-N(R2)S02Ci-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2,
-(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02C C4- alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
Figure imgf000044_0001
-(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi- C2-haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
X2 independently represents N or C;
A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; with the proviso that only one A4, A5, and A6 is NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X2 is N, then A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N or CR12;
R11 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR13, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -
(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0, independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
with the proviso that:
a) when A5 represents CR12 and the R12 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X2 represents C, A4 represents N, and A6 represents S, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then:
i) no more than three of the R1 is -H;
ii) if one R1 is -CI, then no more than two of the R1 is -H; or iii) if one of the R1 of either Z2 or Z3 is -OMe, then no more than two of the R1 is -H;
b) when A4 represents CR12 and the R12 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X2 represents C, A5 represents N, and A6 represents NR11, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then no more than four of the following is -H: the R11 of the A6 and the R1 of the Z1 to Z4;
c) when A5 represents CR12 and the R12 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X2 represents C, A4 represents CR12, A6 represents S, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then no more than four of the following is -H: the R12 of the A4 and the R1 of the Z1 to Z4; or
d) when A5 represents CR12 and the R12 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X2 represents C, A4 represents N, A6 represents O, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4
independently represent CR1, then no more than three of the R1 is -H;
R13 and R14 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0046] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing by the ring system M-IV:
Figure imgf000046_0001
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000046_0002
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl,
-N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), or -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4- alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the
-(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di- radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4- alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N;
R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-(isoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine .
[0047] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing by the ring system M-IV:
Figure imgf000048_0001
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent Ν or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000048_0002
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), or -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an
unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C - alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the
-(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di- radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4- alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical;
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N; R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
with the proviso that when Z8 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, both Z6 and Z9 independently represent CR4, and Z7 represents N, then no more than five of the following is -H: the R1 of the Z1 to Z4, the R4 of the Z6, and the R4 of the Z9; and m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[0048] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I. In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein, for example, each member of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 represents (CR1), with the proviso that no more than four of the
R 1 is -H; for example, the Z 1 represents N, and Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 each independently represent CR 1 , with the proviso that if adjacent members Z3 and Z4 form a cycle such that the adjacent R1
substitutents taken together represents a C4-alkyl di -radical then a) no more than one of the R1 of the Z2 and Z5 is -H, or b) the C4-alkyl di-radical is independently substituted with at least one radical substituent; for example, Z2 represents N, and Z1, Z3, Z4, and Z5 each independently represent CR1; for example, Z 3 represents N, and Z 1 , Z2 , Z 4 , and Z 5 each independently represent CR 1 ; for example, Z 1 and Z 2 each represent N, and Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z 5 each independently represent CR 1 ; for example, Z 1 and Z3 each represent N, and Z2, Z4, and Z5 each independently represent CR1; for example, Z1 and Z4 each represent N, and Z2, Z3, and Z5 each independently represent CR1; for example, Z1 and Z5 each represent N, and Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 each independently represent CR 1 , with the proviso that if R 1 of Z3 represents -OCH3 then then no more than one of the R1 of the Z2 and Z4 is -H; for example, Z2 and Z3 each represent N, and Z1, Z4, and Z5 each independently represent CR1; or for example, Z2 and Z4 each represent N, and Z1, Z3, and Z5 each independently represent CR1.
[0049] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein at least 3, 4, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent (CR1), for example, at least 3, 4, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent (CR1) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N, with the R1 independently representing, such as at least one, two, or three of the R1, independently representing -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical, or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, or represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur; wherein: i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4- alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3),
-NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C4- alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4- hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical.
[0050] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein at least 3, 4, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent (CR1), for example, at least 3, 4, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent (CR1) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N, with the R1 independently representing, such as at least one, two, or three of the R1, independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical, or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C -alkyl di-radical, such as -CH2CH2CH2- or -CH2CH2CH2CH2-, or represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, such as -OCH2CH2CH2- -OCH2CH2N(H)-; -OCH2CH2N(Ci-C4-alkyl)-, such as - OCH2CH2N(Me)-; - CH2CH2CH2N(CO)(C!-C4-alkyl)-, -N(H)CH2CH20- -N(d-C4- alkyl)CH2CH20- such as -N(Me)CH2CH20-; -OCH2CH20-; -OCH2CH2-; -OCH20-; -OCF20-; or -CH2CH2CH20-; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C - alkyl, the C3-C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci- C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4- cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical.
[0051] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein at least 3, 4, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent (CR1), for example, at least 3, 4, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent (CR1) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N, with the R1 independently representing, such as at least one, two, or three of the R1, independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical, or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, such as -CH2CH2CH2- or -CH2CH2CH2CH2-, or represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, such as -OCH2CH2CH2- -OCH2CH2N(H)-; -OCH.CH.N d-C.-alkyl)- such as - OCH2CH2N(Me)-; - CH2CH2CH2N(CO)(C1-C4-alkyl)-, -N(H)CH2CH20- -N(C C4- alkyl)CH2CH20-, such as -N(Me)CH2CH20-; -OCH2CH20-; -OCH2CH2-; -OCH20-; -OCF20-; or -CH2CH2CH20-; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4- alkyl, the C3-C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3- C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical.
[0052] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein at least 3, 4, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent (CR1), for example, at least 3, 4, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent (CR1) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N, with the R1 independently representing, such as at least one, two, or three of the R1, independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2,
-O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3. In certain embodiments, the
aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W
representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, wherein at least 3, 4, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent (CR1), and when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, such as -CH2CH2CH2- or -CH2CH2CH2CH2- or represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, such as -OCH2CH2CH2-, - OCH2CH2N(H)-; -OCH2CH2N(C!-C4-alkyl)-, such as -OCH2CH2N(Me)-; - CH2CH2CH2N(CO)(d- C4-alkyl)-, -N(H)CH2CH20-, -N(Ci-C4-alkyl)CH2CH20- such as -N(Me)CH2CH20-; - OCH2CH20-; -OCH2CH2-; -OCH20-; -OCF20-; or -CH2CH2CH20-. For example, in certain embodiments, R1 may independently represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3, or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical representing -OCF20-.
[0053] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II. In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein X1 represents N or C. For example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein X1 represents C and wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by one of the following:
Figure imgf000054_0001
wherein Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4, with the proviso that no more than two ofZD, Z', Z°, and T are N; and A and A independently represent N or CR , and A independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S. In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4, with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N, for example, either Z6 or Z7 represents CR4 with said R4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z7 or Z8 represents CR4 with said R4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z8 or Z9 represents CR4 with said R4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety. For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as NR7, O, or S, or such as O or S; and wherein either Z or Z represents CR4 with said R4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z7 or Z8 represents CR4 with said R4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z8 or Z9 represents CR4 with said R4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
[0054] For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II with X1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000054_0002
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N, with one of said R4 of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety. [0055] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-1 with X1 representing C, said R4 of Z7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000055_0001
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z8, and Z9 are N, for example each of Z6, Z8, and Z9, independently represent CR4.
[0056] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-2 with X1 representing C, said R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000055_0002
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6, Z7, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, and Z9 are N, for example each of Z6, Z7, and Z9, independently represent CR4.
[0057] For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II with X1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000055_0003
wherein A 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ; A 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH2)mR 7 , O, or S; and Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two
6 7 8 9 4 7 8 9
of Z , Z , Z , and Z are N, with one of said R of Z , Z , and Z representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
[0058] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-3 with X1 representing C, said R4 of Z7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000056_0001
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z8 and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z8 and Z9 are N, for example each of Z8 and Z9
independently represent CR4; with the proviso that when both Z8 and Z9 independently represent CR4, A3 represents O, and both A1 and A2 independently represent CR8, then no more than three of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z8, the R4 of the Z9, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2.
[0059] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-4 with X1 representing C, said R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000056_0002
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z7 and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z7 and Z9 are N, for example each of Z7 and Z9
independently represent CR4.
[0060] For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by
Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system
M-II with X1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000056_0003
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N, with one of said R4 of Z6, Z8, and Z9 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
[0061] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-5 with X1 representing C, said R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000057_0001
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6 and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z6 and Z9 are N, for example each of Z6 and Z9
independently represent CR4.
[0062] For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by
Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system
M-II with X1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000057_0002
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6, Z7, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N, with one of said R4 of Z6, Z7, and Z9 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
[0063] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-6 with X1 representing C, said R4 of Z7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000057_0003
wherein A 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ; A 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH2)mR 7 , O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6 and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z6 and Z9 are N, for example each of Z6 and Z9
independently represent CR4; with the proviso that when both Z6 and Z9 independently represent CR4, A3 represents O, and both A1 and A2 independently represent CR8, then no more than three of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z6, the R4 of the Z9, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2. [0064] For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II with X1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000058_0001
wherein A 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ; A 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH2)mR 7 , O, or S; and Z6, Z7, and Z8 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N, with one of said R4 of Z6, Z7, and Z8 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
[0065] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-7 with X1 representing C, said R4 of Z7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000058_0002
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6 and Z8 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z6 and Z8 are N, for example each of Z6 and Z8 independently represent CR4.
[0066] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-8 with X1 representing C, said R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000058_0003
wherein A 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ; A 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH2)mR 7 , O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6 and Z7 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z6 and Z7 are N, for example each of Z6 and Z7 independently represent CR4. [0067] For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II with X1 representing C, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000059_0001
wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6 and Z8 independently represent CR4, with one of said R4 of Z6 and Z8 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
[0068] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-9 with X1 representing C, said R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000059_0002
wherein A 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 ; A 3 independently represents NR 7 , N(CH2)mR 7 , O, or S, such as A1 independently represents N or CR8, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; and Z6 independently represents CR4.
[0069] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein X1 represents N. For example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000059_0003
wherein A 1 , A2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ; and Z6 , Z7 , Z8 , and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N, with one of said R4 of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; and with the proviso that when Z6 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, each of Z7 and Z9 represent N, Z8
4- 1 2 8 3 8 8 3 represents CR , both A and A independently represent CR , A represents CR and the R of the A represents -Br, then no more than two of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z8, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2.
[0070] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-10 with X1 representing N, said R4 of Z7 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000060_0001
wherein A 1 , A2 , and A 3 independently represent N or CR 8 ; and Z 6 , Z 8 , and Z 9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z8, and Z9 are N, for example each of Z6, Z8, and Z9, independently represent CR4.
[0071] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II-11 with X1 representing N, said R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000060_0002
wherein A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8; and Z6, Z8 , and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, and Z9 are N, for example each of Z6, Z7, and Z9, independently represent CR4.
[0072] In certain embodiments, the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1, M-II-2, M-II-3, M-II-4, M-II-5, M-II-6, M-II-7, M-II-8, M-II-9, M-II- 10, or M-II-11, wherein the Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 may independently represent CR4, wherein the R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br; -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical; an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, such as -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, or -OCH2CH2CH3; a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, such as -OCH(CH3)2 or -O-cyclopropyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br, or =0. For example, in certain embodiments, the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1, M-II-2, M-II-3, M-II-4, M-II-5, M-II-6, M-II-7, M-II-8, M-II-9, M-II-10, or M-II- 11, wherein the Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 may independently represent CR4, wherein the R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3,
-OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3. For example, in certain embodiments, the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1, M-II-2, M-II-3, M-II-4, M-II-5, M-II-6, M-II-7, M-II-8, M-II-9, M-II-10, or M-II-11, wherein the Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 may independently represent CR4, wherein the R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCH3, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, or -OCF3, such as -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, or -CF3; such as -H, -D, -F, -CI.
[0073] In certain embodiments, for example, the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1, M-II-2, M-II-3, M-II-4, M-II-5, M-II-6, M-II-7, M-II-8, or M-II-9, wherein A 1 and A2 independently represent N or CR 8 , and A 3 represents NR 7 , N(CH2)mR 7 , O, or S; for example, wherein A1 and A2 independently represent CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as NR7, O, or S, for example, O or S; wherein A1 independently represents N, A2 independently represents CR8, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as NR7, O, or S, for example, O or S; or wherein A1 independently represents CR8, A2 independently represents N, and A3 independently represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S, such as NR7, O, or S, for example, O or S.
[0074] In certain embodiments, for example, the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-10 or M-II-1 1, wherein A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8, for example, wherein A1, A2, and A3 independently CR8; wherein A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N; wherein A1 represents N, and A2 and A3 independently represent CR8; wherein A2 represents N, and A1 and A3 independently represent CR8; wherein A3 represents N, and
A 1 and A 2 independently represent CR 8 ; or wherein A 1 and A2 independently represent N, and A 3 independently represent CR8.
[0075] In certain embodiments, the R7 of the NR7 or the N(CH2)mR7 of the A1, A2, and A3 of the ring system M-II, for example, the A3 of the ring system M-II-1, M-II-2, M-II-3, M-II-4, M-II-5, M- II-6, M-II-7, M-II-8, or M-II-9, may independently represent -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR9, such as - S02CH3; -(CO)(CH2)mR9, such as -(CO)CH3; an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, or the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0. For example, the R7 of the NR7 or the N(CH2)mR7 may independently represent -H, -D, -S02CH3, -(CO)CH3, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, such as
-CH(CH3)2; a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, or the C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0. In certain embodiments, the R7 of the NR7 or the N(CH2)mR7 may independently represent -H, -D, -S02CH3, -(CO)CH3, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, or a cyclopropyl radical. In certain embodiments, the R7 of the NR7 or the N(CH2)mR7 may independently represent -H, -D, -S02CH3, -(CO)CH3, or -CH3.
[0076] In certain embodiments, for example, one, two, or each of A1, A2, and A3, of the ring system M-II, may independently represent N or CR8, such as CR8; for example, one or both of the A1 and A2 of the ring system M-II-1 to M-II-9, or one, two, or each of the A1, A2, and A3, of the ring system M-II- 10 or M-II-11, may independently represent CR8; wherein the R8 may independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4- alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0. For example, the R8 may independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br; -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical; an unbranched -OCi- C4-alkyl, such as -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, or -OCH2CH2CH3; a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, such as -OCH(CH3)2; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C - alkyl radical, the C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or =0. In certain embodiments, the R8 may independently represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, or -OCH(CH3)2,
-O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3. In certain embodiments, the R8 may independently represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, or -CF3.
[0077] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, wherein X2 represents C or N, preferably X2 represents C; wherein A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; and wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 are N; with the proviso that only one A4, A5, and A6 is NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X2 is N, then A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N or CR12, and wherein one of A4, A5, and A6 represents CR12 wherein the R12 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, for example A4 represents CR12 wherein the R12 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, and A5 and A6 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; or A6 represents CR12 wherein the R12 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, and A4 and A5 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or [0078] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, wherein X2 represents C. For example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), comprising W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, may comprise a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000063_0001
wherein A4 represents N or CR12, such as A4 represents N, or A4 represents CR12; and A6 represents NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S, such as A6 represents NR11, O, or S, such as A6 represents O or S; and wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ1, Z2, Z , and Z4 are N, such as at least 3 or each of the Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1; with the proviso that: a) when A4 represents N, and A6 represents S, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then: i) no more than three of the R1 is -H; ii) if one R1 is -CI, then no more than two of the R1 is -H; or iii) if one of the R1 of either Z2 or Z3 is -OMe, then no more than two of the R1 is -H; b) when A4 represents CR12, A6 represents S, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then no more than four of the following is -H: the R12 of the A4 and the R1 of the Z1 to Z4; or c) when A4 represents N, A6 represents O, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then no more than three of the R1 is -H.
[0079] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III- 1, wherein at least 3, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent (CR1), for example, at least 2, 3, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent (CR1) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent N, with the R1 independently representing -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or -S02Ci-C -alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or the -S02Ci-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4- hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical.
[0080] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III- 1, wherein at least 3, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent (CR1), for example, at least 2, 3, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent (CR1) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent N, with the R1 independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3; a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical; an unbranched -OC1-C4- alkyl, such as -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, or -OCH2CH2CH3; a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, such as -OCH(CH3)2; or -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, such as -S02CH3; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C - alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical.
[0081] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III-1, wherein at least 2, 3, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent (CR1), for example, at least 3, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent (CR1) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent N, with the R1 independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, -OCH2CF3, or -S02CH3. For example, in certain embodiments, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, of the ring system M-III, may independently represent (CR1), wherein the R1
independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, cyclopropyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCH3, or -OCF3; such as the R1 independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, cyclopropyl radical, -CF3, or -OCH3.
[0082] In certain embodiments, for example, the A4, A5, and A6 of the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III-1, may independently represent NR11 or N(CH2)mRn, wherein the R11 of the NR11 or the N(CH2)mRn may independently represent -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR13, such as -S02CH3; - (CO)(CH2)mR13, such as -(CO)CH3; -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), such as -(CO)N(CH3)2;an unbranched C C4- alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, or the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0. For example, in certain embodiments, the R11 of the NR11 or the N(CH2)mRn may independently represent -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR13, such as -S02CH3; -(CO)(CH2)mR13, such as -(CO)CH3; - (CO)N(R1 )(R14), such as -(CO)N(CH3)2;an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C - alkyl radical, or the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0. For example, the R11 of the NR11 or the
N(CH2)mRn may independently represent -H, -D, -S02CH3, -(CO)CH3, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, or the C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0. In certain embodiments, the R11 of the NR11 or the N(CH2)mRn may independently represent -H, -D, -S02CH3, -(CO)CH3, -CH3,
-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, or a cyclopropyl radical; for example, in certain embodiments, the R11 of the NR11 or the N(CH2)mRn may independently represent -H, -D, -S02CH3, -(CO)CH3, or -CH3; such as the R11 of the NR11 or the N(CH2)mRn may independently represent -H, -D, or -CH3.
[0083] In certain embodiments, A4, A5, and A6 may independently represent CR12, such as, one or two of the A4, A5, and A6 may independently represent CR12, wherein the R12 of the CR12 may independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutylbutyl radical; a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, such as -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3; or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, such as -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl; or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3- 6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical. For example, in certain embodiments, the R12 of the CR12 may represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutylbutyl radical; a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi- C4-alkyl, such as -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3; or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, such as -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4- hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical. For example, in certain embodiments, the R12 of the CR12 may represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3; for example, the R12 of the CR12 may represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCH3, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, or -OCF3; such as the R12 of the CR12 may represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, or -CF3; such as the R of the CR may represent -H, -D, -F, or -CH3.
[0084] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV. For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by one of the following:
Figure imgf000066_0001
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent N or CR1, with the proviso that no more than two of Z1, Z2, Z , and Z4 are N; and wherein Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4, with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N. In certain embodiments, the
aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W
representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, wherein Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9
independently represent N or CR4, with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N, for example, either Z6 or Z7 represents CR4 with said R4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z7 or Z8 represents CR4 with said R4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, or wherein either Z8 or Z9 represents CR4 with said R4 representing the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety.
[0085] For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by one of the following:
Figure imgf000066_0002
[0086] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-1 with the R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000067_0001
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two Z2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z7 and Z9 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z7 and Z9 are N.
[0087] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-2 with the R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000067_0002
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two Z2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z6 and Z9 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z6 and Z9 are N; with the further proviso that when each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, and both Z6 and Z9 independently represent CR4, then no more than five of the following is -H: the R1 of the Z1 to Z4, the R4 of the Z6, and the R4 of the Z9.
[0088] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-3 with the R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000067_0003
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two Z2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z6 and Z7 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z6 and Z7 are N.
[0089] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-4 with the R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000068_0001
wherein Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than one ofZ2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z6, Z7, and Z9 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, and Z9 are N.
[0090] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-5 with the R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000068_0002
wherein Z1, Z2, and Z3 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than one ofZ1, Z2, and Z3 are N, and wherein Z6, Z7, and Z9 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, and Z9 are N.
[0091] In certain embodiments, for example, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-6 with the R4 of Z8 represents the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the
aminoisoxazoline moiety:
Figure imgf000068_0003
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two Z2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z6 independently represents CR4.
[0092] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV-2, M-IV-3, M-IV-4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein at least 2, 3, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent (CR1), for example, at least 2, 3, or each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z , independently represent (CR ) and 2, 1, or 0 of Z , Z , Z , and Z , independently represent N, with the R1 independently representing -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), or -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di -radical or a (3-4 membered)- heteroalkyl di -radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di -radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, the
-N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02d-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4-alkyl,
-(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical.
[0093] For example, in certain embodiments, Z1, Z2, Z3, or Z4, of the ring system M-IV, such as any one of the ring systems M-IV-1 to M-IV -6, may independently represent (CR1), wherein the R1 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -S02d-C4-alkyl, or -S02N(R2)(R3); wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or the -S02Ci-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C4- alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a d-d-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -Od-d-haloalkyl radical.
[0094] For example, in certain embodiments, Z1, Z2, Z3, or Z4, of the ring system M-IV, such as any one of the ring systems M-IV-1 to M-IV -6, may independently represent (CR1), wherein the R1 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br; -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical; an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, such as -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, or -OCH2CH2CH3; a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, such as -OCH(CH3)2 or -O-cyclopropyl; or -S02CH3; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or the -S02CH3, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi- C2-haloalkyl radical. For example, in certain embodiments, Z1, Z2, Z3, or Z4, of the ring system M-IV, such as any one of the ring systems M-IV-1 to M-IV-6, may independently represent (CR1), wherein the R1 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, a cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, -OCH2CF3, or -S02CH3; such as the R1 may independently represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCH3, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, or -OCF3; such as the R1 may independently represent -H, -D, -F, -CI, or -CH3.
[0095] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV -2, M-IV-3, M-IV -4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, is (CR^CR1), wherein the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, such as -CH2CH2CH2- or
-CH2CH2CH2CH2-, or represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, such as -OCH2CH2CH2- -OCH2CH2N(H)-; -OCH2CH2N(Ci-C4-alkyl)-, such as - OCH2CH2N(Me)-; - CH2CH2CH2N(CO)(C!-C4-alkyl)-, -N(H)CH2CH20- -N(d-C4- alkyl)CH2CH20-, such as -N(Me)CH2CH20-; -OCH2CH20-; -OCH2CH2-; -OCH20-; -OCF20-; or -CH2CH2CH20-.
[0096] In certain embodiments, the W represents the moiety represented by the ring system M- IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV-2, M-IV-3, M-IV-4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein the Z6, Z , Z , and Z may independently represent CR , wherein the R independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br; -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical; an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, such as -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, or -OCH2CH2CH3; a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, such as -OCH(CH3)2 or -O-cyclopropyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, such as -F, -CI, or -Br, or =0. For example, in certain embodiments, Z6, Z7, Z8, or Z9, of the ring system M-IV, such as any one of the ring systems M-IV-1 to M-IV-6, may
independently represent CR4, wherein the R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3; such as the R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCH3, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, or -OCF3; such as the R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, or -CF3.
[0097] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I or the ring system M-IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV-2, M-IV-3, M-IV-4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein the compound may comprise R2, R3, or both R2 and R3, independently representing -H; an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, such as -CH3 or -CH2CH3, a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; or a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical. For example, R2 and R3 may independently represent -H, -D, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, or a cyclobutyl radical, such as independently represent -H, -D, -CH3, or -CH2CH3.
[0098] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I or the ring system M-IV, such as the ring system M-IV-1, M-IV-2, M-IV-3, M-IV-4, M-IV-5, or M-IV-6, wherein the compound may comprise an N(R2)(R3) moiety, wherein the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered) -heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents, for example, up to 4 radical substituents or up to 3 radical substituents, comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical.
[0099] For example, in certain embodiments, the N(R2)(R3) moiety of the ring system M-I or the ring system M-IV, such as any one of the ring systems M-IV-1 to M-IV-6, may form a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di-radical, such as a C2-C5-alkyl di-radical or C3-C4- alkyl di-radical; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical, such as a C2-C5-alkyl di-radical or C3-C4-alkyl di- radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents, for example, up to 4 radical substituents or up to 3 radical substituents, comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical. For example, the N(R2)(R3) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-alkyl di-radical, a C3-alkyl di-radical, C4-alkyl di-radical, or C5-alkyl di-radical, such as a C2-alkyl di-radical.
[00100] For example, in certain embodiments, the N(R2)(R3) moiety of the ring system M-I or the ring system M-IV, such as any one of the ring systems M-IV-1 to M-IV-6, may form a cycle wherein the R2 and R3 taken together represent a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, such as (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical; -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl;
-(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl; -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl; or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl; and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents, for example, up to 4 radical substituents or up to 3 radical substituents, comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci- C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical. For example, the N(R2)(R3) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, wherein the (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen or nitrogen, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical. -(CO)CH3, -(CO)CH2CH3, -(S02)CH3, or -(S02)CH2CH3.
[00101] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1 to M-II-11, wherein the compound may comprise R9, R10, or both R9 and R10, independently representing -H; an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, such as -CH3 or -CH2CH3, a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; or a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical. For example, R9 and R10 may independently represent -H, -D, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, or a cyclobutyl radical, such as independently represent -H, -D, -CH3, or -CH2CH3.
[00102] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, such as the ring system M-II-1 to M-II-11, wherein the compound may comprise an N(R9)(R10) moiety, wherein the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di- radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents, for example, up to 4 radical substituents or up to 3 radical substituents, comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical.
[00103] For example, in certain embodiments, the N(R9)(R10) moiety of the ring system M-II, such as any one of the ring systems M-II-1 to M-II-11, may form a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di-radical, such as a C2-C5-alkyl di-radical or C3-C4-alkyl di-radical; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical, such as a C2-C5-alkyl di-radical or C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents, for example, up to 4 radical substituents or up to 3 radical substituents, comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical. For example, the N(R9)(R10) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-alkyl di-radical, a C3-alkyl di-radical, C4-alkyl di-radical, or C5- alkyl di-radical, such as a C2-alkyl di-radical.
[00104] For example, in certain embodiments, the N(R9)(R10) moiety of the ring system M-II, such as any one of the ring systems M-II-1 to M-II-11, may, for example, form a cycle wherein the R9 and R10 taken together represent a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, such as (4-5 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical; -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl;
-(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl; -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl; or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl; and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents, for example, up to 4 radical substituents or up to 3 radical substituents, comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci- C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical. For example, the N(R9)(R10) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, wherein the (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen or nitrogen, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical. -(CO)CH3, -(CO)CH2CH3, -(S02)CH3, or -(S02)CH2CH3.
[00105] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III- 1, wherein the compound may comprise R13, R14, or both R13 and R14,
independently representing -H; an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH3 or -CH2CH3, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; or a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, such as a cyclopropyl radical or a cyclobutyl radical. For example, R13 and R14 may independently represent -H, -D, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, or a cyclobutyl radical, such as independently represent -H, -D, -CH3, or -CH2CH3.
[00106] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III- 1, wherein the compound may comprise an N(R1 )(R14) moiety, wherein the
N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di- radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4- cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents, for example, up to 4 radical substituents or up to 3 radical substituents, comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical.
[00107] For example, in certain embodiments, the N(R1 )(R14) moiety of the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III-1, may form a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2- C6-alkyl di-radical, such as a C2-C5-alkyl di-radical or C3-C -alkyl di-radical; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical, such as a C2-C5-alkyl di-radical or C3-C -alkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents, for example, up to 4 radical substituents or up to 3 radical substituents, comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical. For example, the N(R1 )(R14) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-alkyl di-radical, a C3-alkyl di-radical, C4-alkyl di-radical, or C5-alkyl di- radical, such as a C2-alkyl di-radical.
[00108] For example, in certain embodiments, the N(R1 )(R14) moiety of the ring system M-III, such as the ring system M-III-1, may form a cycle wherein the R13 and R14 taken together represent a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, such as (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, such as -CH(CH3)2; a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical; -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl; -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl; -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl; or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl; and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents, for example, up to 4 radical substituents or up to 3 radical substituents, comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical. For example, the N(R1 )(R14) moiety may form a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, wherein the (4-5 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen or nitrogen, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H; -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical. -(CO)CH3, -(CO)CH2CH3, -(S02)CH3, or -(S02)CH2CH3.
[00109] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, M-II, M-III, or M-IV, wherein m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6, for example, represents an integer of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.
[00110] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I or M-IV, wherein adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), and the (CR^CR1) forms a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is unsubstituted (specifically is -N(H)-) or is substituted with an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4- alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4- alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4- alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5, for example, up to 4 or up to 3, radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may substituted with 0 or 2 =0; and wherein the alkyl portion of said C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or said (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be substituted with up to 4 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical. For example, in certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise the W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-I or M-IV, wherein adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), such as adjacent members Z1 and Z2 is (CR^CR1), adjacent members Z2 and Z3 is (CR^CR1), adjacent members Z3 and Z4 is (CR^CR1), or adjacent members Z4 and Z5 is (CR^CR1), and the (CR^CR1) forms a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C -alkyl di -radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, for example, at least two ring atoms of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical are independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is, or at least two ring atoms are independently, nitrogen, then the nitrogen is unsubstituted (specifically is -N(H)-) or is substituted with an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4- alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5, for example, up to 4 or up to 3, radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical. For example, in certain embodiments, adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), and the (CR^CR1) forms a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, and the C3-C - alkyl di-radical or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises: -CH2CH2CH2-;
-CH2CH2CH2CH2-; -OCH2CH2CH2-, -OCH2CH2N(H)-; -OCH2CH2N(Ci-C4-alkyl)-, such as - OCH2CH2N(Me)-; - CH2CH2CH2N(CO)(C!-C4-alkyl)-, -N(H)CH2CH20-, -N(d-C4- alkyl)CH2CH20- such as -N(Me)CH2CH20-; -OCH2CH20-; -OCH2CH2-; -OCH20-; -OCF20-; or -CH2CH2CH20-. For purposes described herein, when the C3-C -alkyl di-radical or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical is specified, it is both referenced and attached on the ring system M-I or M-IV, in order from lowest to highest of adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5. For example, by way of illustration, the resulting ring system of W representing the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV-2, wherein the adjacent members Z1 and Z2 is (CR^CR1), and the (CR^CR1) forms a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a (3-4 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical, and the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical is: (i) -OCH2CH2CH2-, (ii) - OCH2CH2N(H)-; (iii) -N(H)CH2CH20-; (iv) -OCH2CH20-; (v) -OCF20-; or (vi) -CH2CH2CH20- would be represented by the following structures:
Figure imgf000077_0001
[00111] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise racemic mixture of enantiomers, a mixture of diastereomers, a single enantiomer, or a single diastereomer, of the compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), may comprise a mixture of tautomers, substantially a single tautomer form, or a single tautomer form, such as a tautomer contained within the aminoisoxazoline ring system or a tautomer resulting from one or more substitutents substituted on the aminoisoxazoline ring system, for example, a tautomer may be contained within the aminoisoxazoline ring system or one or more substitutents substituted on the aminoisoxazoline ring system containing a heteroaryl ring nitrogen adjacent to a heteroaryl ring carbon substituted with a hydroxyl group.
[00112] The chemical names and structure diagrams used herein to describe the compounds of the present invention, supra and infra, were created with the use of ChemBioDraw Ultra® Version 12.0 (available from CambridgeSoft Corp., Cambridge, Mass.).
[00113] In certain embodiments, specific examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may include, collectively or individually, the compounds listed below, and single (R)- or (S)- enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
N-phenyl -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-( lH-indazol-3-yl)-4'H-4-azaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5'-isoxazol]-3'-amine;
N-(pyrrolo[2, l-f] [ l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(7-bromopyrrolo[2, l-f] [ l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(4-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(5 -chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(6-chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(7-chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(6-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(6-cyclopropylbenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(6-fluorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(5-chloro-6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
N-(6-chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(7-chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(quinazolin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(8-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(5 -chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(5-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(5 -cyclopropylbenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(5 -fluorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine;
N-(5-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
2-((4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -yl)amino)benzo [d]thiazole-5 - carbonitrile;
N-(5,6-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(6,7-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(5,7-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(6-chloro-5,7-difluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3 -chlorophenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3 -chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine; N- 3 -chloro-4 -cyclopropylphenyl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -
N- 4-chloro-3 -(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -
N- 4-chloro-3-cyclopropylphenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-
N- 4-chloro-3 -methoxyphenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N- 2-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N- 2-methylbenzofuran-5 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N- 2-methylbenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -
N- 2-methylbenzo [b]thiophen-5 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -
N- 7-fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N- 6- fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N- 7- methoxyisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine; N- 6-methoxyisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine; N- 6- chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N- 7- chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N- 2-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-
N- 2-methylbenzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-
N- 6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- -amine:
N- 2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- N- 2-chlorobenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - N- 2,3-difluorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-3H-l'-azaspiro[furan-2,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-4- N- 3 -methylbenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - N- l-methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- -amine:
N- l-methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- -amine; N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(6,7-difluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(6,7-dichloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(2-chlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-( 1 -methyl- lH-indazol-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-( 1 -methyl- lH-indazol-5 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(3-methylbenzo[d]isoxazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(2-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(l,2-dimethyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(l-methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
N-(6-methylquinazolin-2-yl)spiro[4H-isoxazole-5,3'-quinuclidine]-3-amine;
N-(7-methylquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(3-methylbenzo[d]isothiazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3-chlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(3,5-dichlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(3 -methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(6-methylfuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)spiro[4H-isoxazole-5,3'-quinuclidine]-3-amine;
N-(3 -chlorobenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - amine;
N-(3-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-chloro-3 -fluorobenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(quinolin-7-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(quinolin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine; N-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][l,3]dioxol-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(5-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(furo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; 2-((4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -yl)amino)benzo [d]thiazole-6- carbonitrile;
N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(quinolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(pyridin-2 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(4,5,6-trifluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(4-cyclopropyl-3 -methoxyphenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - amine;
N-(quinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 ' -azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-methylimidazo [ 1 ,2-a]pyridin-7-yl)-4H- l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(l,2-dimethyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(furo [3 ,2-c]pyridin-5 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine;
N-(2-methylthieno[3,2-c]pyridin-6-yl)spiro[4H-isoxazole-5,3'-quinuclidine]-3-amine; and
N-(2-methylfuro [3 ,2-c]pyridin-6-yl)spiro [4H-isoxazole-5 ,3 '-quinuclidine] -3 -amine .
In certain embodiments, the specified examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), as listed above, for example, may be collectively or individually, the single (R)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or for example, may be collectively or individually, the single (S)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
[00114] In certain embodiments, specific examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may include, collectively or individually, the compounds listed below, and single (R)- or (S)- enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
N-(2-fluorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(6,7-dichloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine; N-(6-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
N-(5-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)thieno [2,3 -d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5 ,3 '- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(7-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(7-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(6,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5, 3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-methylfuro[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(2-chlorofuro[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3 -methylthieno [3 ,2-c]pyridin-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(3-(difluoromethyl)benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-chlorothieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3-methylisothiazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3-methylisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-cyclopropylbenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
2,2-difluoro-N-(4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-yl)-[l,3]dioxolo[4,5- g] isoquinolin-7 -amine ;
N-(5 -chlorothieno [2,3 -d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] - 3 -amine; N-(5-fluoro-6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(6-chloro-5-fluorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(6-cyclopropylquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(7-cyclopropylquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(2-chloro-3-fluorothieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3-fluoro-2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3-chlorofuro[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3-chlorothieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine; and
N-(6-( IH-imidazol- 1 -yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - amine.
In certain embodiments, the specified examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), as listed above, for example, may be collectively or individually, the single (R)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or for example, may be collectively or individually, the single (S)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
[00115] In certain embodiments, specific examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
(R) -N-(6 -chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(R) -N-(7 -chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(quinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(2-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(R) -N-(7 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(R) -N-(6 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(6-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(7-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine
(i?)-N-(6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; (i?)-N-(2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
(i?)-N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3- amine;
(R) -N-(2 -chlorobenzofuran-6-yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
(R) -N-(3 -chlorobenzofuran-6-yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; (i?)-N-(3-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine;
(i?)-N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine; and
(i?)-N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine .
[00116] In certain embodiments, specific examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb) may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
(R) -N-(7 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(R) -N-(6 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
(i?)-N-(7-memylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3- amine;
(i?)-N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; and
(i?)-N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine.
[00117] In certain embodiments, specific examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-I, may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: (R)-N-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H- l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine .
[00118] In certain embodiments, specific examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
(i?)-N-(2-methylbenzofuran-6 -yl) -4H- 1 ' -azaspiro [isoxazole -5,3' -bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
(R) -N-(2 -chlorobenzofuran-6-yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; (R) -N-(3 -chlorobenzofuran-6-yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; and
(i?)-N-(3-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine.
[00119] In certain embodiments, specific examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-II, may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
(i?)-N-(2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and
(i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine.
[00120] In certain embodiments, specific examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
(R) -N-(6 -chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(7-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(quinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(R) -N-(7 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(R) -N-(6 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(6-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(7-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
(i?)-N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine; and
(i?)-N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine .
[00121] In certain embodiments, specific examples of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV, may include, collectively or individually, the single enantiomers listed below, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
(R) -N-(7 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(R) -N-(6 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine; and
(i?)-N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine.
[00122] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be more potent against a l nAChR (according to the a l nAChR Binding Assay (Ki)) than against a 5-HT3 serotonin receptor (according to the [ H]BRL 43694 competition binding (Ki)). For example, the aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be at least 1.5 times more potent against a l nAChR than against a 5-HT3 serotonin receptor, as determined by the a l nAChR Binding Assay and the [ H]BRL 43694 competition binding assay, respectively, such as at least 2 times more potent, at least 3 times more potent, at least 4 times more potent, at least 5 times more potent, at least 6 times more potent, at least 7 times more potent, at least 8 times more potent, at least 9 times more potent, at least 10 times more potent, at least 15 times more potent, at least 20 times more potent, or at least 25 times more potent against a7 nAChR than against a 5-HT3 serotonin receptor, as determined by the a7 nAChR Binding Assay and the [ H]BRL 43694 competition binding assay, respectively.
[00123] As used herein, the term "treating" (or "treat" or "treatment"), unless otherwise specified, includes the generally accepted meaning which encompasses improving, modifying, decreasing, prohibiting, preventing, restraining, minimizing, slowing, halting, stopping, curing, and/or reversing a symptom associated with a disease and/or a disease. Treatment may include both therapeutic and prophylactic administration. For example, treatment of a cognitive impairment, in a patient diagnosed as having a cognitive impairment, may include, but is not limited to, curing the cognitive impairment, preventing the deterioration of one or more symptoms associated with the cognitive impairment; improving cognition in a patient suffering from the cognitive impairment, slowing the progression of the cognitive impairment and/or modifying the cognitive impairment.
[00124] As used herein, the term "effective dose" (or "dose"), unless otherwise specified, is understood to include a therapeutically acceptable dose, a thereapeutically acceptable amount, a thereapeutically effective dose, a thereapeutically effective amount, a pharmaceutically acceptable dose, a pharmaceutically acceptable amount, a pharmaceutically effective dose, or a pharmaceutically effective amount.
[00125] As used herein, the term "cognitive impairment," unless otherwise specified, includes at least one of the following: Limited Cognitive Impairment (LCI), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (or dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type) or a particular stage of Alzheimer's disease, inclusive of pre-Alzheimer's disease, early Alzheimer's disease, mild Alzheimer's disease, moderate Alzheimer's disease, severe Alzheimer's disease, pre-Alzheimer' s-to-mild Alzheimer's disease, mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease,
schizophrenia (for example, paranoid type schizophrenia, disorganized type schizophrenia, catatonic type schizophrenia, undifferentiated type schizophrenia), cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, positive symptoms of schizophrenia, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, or schizophrenia with dementia.
[00126] Alzheimer's disease may include, unless otherwise specified, any of the sub-diagnostic categories used to characterize the type or degree of cognitive impairment in a patient for treatment purposes. A commonly referenced diagnostic scale for characterizing the degree of cognitive impairment for a patient with Alzheimer's disease includes the 3 -stage Alzheimer Disease Model. The 3-stages consist of: mild stage (also referred to as "early Alzheimer's disease" or "mild
Alzheimer's disease" or "early stage Alzheimer's disease" or "mild dementia of an Alzheimer's- type"), moderate stage (also referred to as "middle Alzheimer's disease" or "moderate Alzheimer's disease" or "middle stage Alzheimer's disease" or "moderate dementia of an Alzheimer's-type"), and severe stage (also referred to as "late Alzheimer's disease" or "severe Alzheimer's disease" or "late stage Alzheimer's disease" or "severe dementia of an Alzheimer's-type"). For patients with a condition that has not progressed to the point of mild stage Alzheimer's disease, they may be diagnosed as having pre-Alzheimer's disease. It is also not uncommon for treatment purposes to characterize stages together, such as pre-Alzheimer's disease-to-mild stage Alzheimer's disease, mild- to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, or moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease. Another useful diagnostic scale that is used in characterizing the degree of cognitive impairment for a patient having Alzheimer's disease is the Seven Stage Alzheimer's Disease Model (sometimes known as the "Seven Stage Global Deterioration Scale" or the "Reisberg Scale"). This diagnostic scale divides the progression of the cognitive disorder associated with Alzheimer's disease as follows: Stage 1-no Alzheimer's disease (generally characterized by absence of impairment, no impairment, or normal function), Stage 2-pre-Alzheimer's disease (generally characterized by minimal impairment, normal forgetfulness, or very mild cognitive decline), Stage 3 -early-stage Alzheimer's disease (generally characterized by a noticeable cognitive decline, early confusional/mild cognitive impairment, or mild cognitive decline), Stage 4-early-stage/mild Alzheimer's disease (also referred to as late
confusional/mild Alzheimer's, and generally characterized by moderate cognitive decline), Stage 5- middle -stage/moderate Alzheimer's (also referred to as early dementia/moderate Alzheimer's disease and generally characterized by moderately severe cognitive decline), Stage 6-middle
dementia/moderately severe Alzheimer's disease (also referred to as middle-stage/moderate to late- stage/severe Alzheimer's disease and generally characterized by severe cognitive decline), and Stage 7-late-stage/severe Alzheimer's disease (also referred to as severe dementia or failure-to-thrive, and generally characterized by very severe cognitive decline). It is also not uncommon for treatment purposes to characterize stages together, such as pre-Alzheimer's disease-to-mild stage Alzheimer's disease, mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, or moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease. As used herein, unless otherwise specified, Alzheimer's disease includes all of the above named diagnostic catagories or disease characterizations. It is also not uncommon for a physician to categorize any one or more of the above noted states of Alzheimer's disease as being probable, for example, probable mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease or probable severe Alzheimer's disease, when their diagnosis does not include, for example a physical biopsy or other definitive analysis.
[00127] Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is considered by some to be an intermediate stage between normal aging and the onset of Alzheimer's disease. For example, MCI may be characterized by persistent forgetfulness, but may lack some or many of the more debilitating symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Another set of criteria that may characterize a patient as having mild cognitive impairment suitable for treatment includes a patient that meets the following: 1) memory complaints corroborated by an informant, 2) objective memory impairment for age and education, 3) normal general cognitive function, 4) intact activities of daily living, and 5) the patient does not meet criteria for dementia. In general, a patient characterized as having mild cognitive impairment may not yet have a clinical cognitive deficit. Mild cognitive impairment may also be distinguished from senile dementia in that mild cognitive impairment involves a more persistent and troublesome problem of memory loss for the age of the patient. On the clinical diagnostic scale, mild cognitive impairment is followed, in increased severity, by Alzheimer's disease.
[00128] Limited Cognitive Impairment (LCI) describes a cognitive impairment (i.e. , symptoms or conditions), which precedes mild cognitive impairment on a clinical diagnostic scale, and includes any chronic or temporary impairment in cognition, learning or memory that prevents or reduces the ability of a patient from achieving their individual potential in these areas. For example, LCIs may include minor impairments to memory associated with focus and concentration (e.g., accuracy and speed of learning and recalling information), working memory (e.g., used in decision making and problem solving), cognition, focus, mental quickness, and mental clarity. [00129] The term "stereoisomer" refers to a molecule capable of existing in more than one spatial atomic arrangement for a given atomic connectivity (e.g., enantiomers, meso compounds, and diastereomers). As used herein, the term "stereoisomer" means either or both enantiomers and diastereomers.
[00130] The aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may contain one or more stereogenic centers. Accordingly, compounds of this invention can exist as either individual stereoisomers or mixtures of two or more stereoisomers. A compound of the present invention will include both mixtures (e.g., racemic mixtures) and also individual respective stereoisomers that are substantially free from another possible stereoisomer. The term "substantially free of other stereoisomers" as used herein means less than 25% of other stereoisomers, less than 10% of other stereoisomers, less than 5% of other stereoisomers, less than 2% of other stereoisomers, or less than "X"% of other stereoisomers (wherein X is a number between 0 and 100, inclusive) are present.
[00131] The aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may contain one or more tautomeric forms. Accordingly, compounds of this invention can exist as either individual tautomers or mixtures of tautomeric forms. A compound of the present invention will include both mixtures (e.g., mixtures of tautomeric forms) and also individual respective tautomers that are substantially free from another possible tautomer.
[00132] The aminoisoxazoline compounds of the present invention represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may contain one or more geometric isomers. Accordingly, compounds of this invention can exist as either geometric isomers or mixtures of geometric isomers. A compound of the present invention will include both mixtures (e.g., mixtures of geometric isomers) and also individual respective geometric isomers that are substantially free from another possible geometric isomer.
[00133] The term "haloalkyl" refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 5 halogen substituents independently selected from -F, -CI, -Br, and -I. For example, a haloalkyl may represent a -CF3 group, a -CCI3 group, a -CH2CF3 group, or a -CF2CF3 group.
[00134] The term "heteroaryl" refers to an aromatic ring system comprising at least one or more hetero- ring atoms, such as two, three, four, or five hetero- ring atoms, independently selected from N, O, and S. Suitable heteroaryl groups may include a single ring, for example, thienyl, pyridyl, thiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidyl, imidazolyl, furanyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrrolyl, pydridazinyl, triazinyl, oxadiazolyl, and furazanyl. Sutiable heteroaryl groups may include a fused ring system, for example, a six-six fused ring system, a six-five fused ring system, or a five-six fused ring system, such as benzothienyl, quinolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, indolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoquinolinyl, cinnolinyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl, phthalazinyl, isoindolyl, purinyl, benzofurazanyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiazolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthridinyl, and furopyridinyl.
[00135] Suitable "heterocycloalkyl" groups include those having at least one or more hetero- ring atoms, such as two or three hetero- ring atoms, independently selected from at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3- C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0. Suitable heterocycloalkyl groups may include, for example, tetrahydrofurano, tetrahydropyrano, morpholino, pyrrolidino, piperidino, piperazino, azetidino, azetidinono, oxindolo, oxetano, dihydroimidazolo, and pyrrolidinono.
[00136] The pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), according to the present invention may be acid addition salts with inorganic or organic acids. Specific examples of these salts include acid addition salts with, for instance, mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydriodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or phosphoric acid; organic acids, for example carboxylic acids or sulfonic acids, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzene sulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acid, isethionic acid, glucuronic acid, gluconic acid, methane sulfonic acid or ethane sulfonic acid; or acidic amino acids such as aspartic acid or glutamic acid.
[00137] In certain embodiments, a pharmaceutical composition may comprise an
aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[00138] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are suitable for use as medicaments for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases in humans and/or animals.
[00139] In certain embodiments, the invention relates to a method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[00140] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, act as ligands, in particular as a7-nAChR agonists. [00141] In certain embodiments, a method of treating a patient in need thereof, comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, a method of treating a patient in need thereof, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an
aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. For example, the patient may suffer from a cognitive impairment or suffers from one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive impairment, such as Limited Cognitive Impairment (LCI), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an
Alzheimer' s-type, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, positive symptoms of schizophrenia, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, schizophrenia with dementia, or major depressive disorder.
[00142] In certain embodiments, a method of treating Alzheimer's disease, such as preventing the progression or disease modification of the Alzheimer's disease, in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. For example, in certain embodiments, a method of treating Alzheimer's disease, such as preventing the progression or disease modification of the Alzheimer's disease, in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease, such as preventing the progression or disease modification of the Alzheimer's disease, in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. For example, in certain embodiments, a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease, such as preventing the progression or disease modification of the Alzheimer's disease, in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[00143] In certain embodiments, a method of treating dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type in a patient, such as preventing the progression or disease modification of the dementia of an Alzheimer' s- type, in need thereof, comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. For example, in certain embodiments, a method of treating dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type in a patient, such as preventing the progression or disease modification of the dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type, in need thereof, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with dementia of an Alzheimer' s- type in a patient, such as preventing the progression or disease modification of the dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type, in need thereof, comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. For example, in certain embodiments, a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type in a patient, such as preventing the progression or disease modification of the dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type, in need thereof, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[00144] In certain embodiments, a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In certain embodiments, a method of treating cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an
aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
[00145] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can, because of their pharmacological properties, be employed, alone or in combination with other active ingredients, for the treatment and/or prevention of cognitive impairments, for example, Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer' s-type, or schizophrenia. Because of their selective effect as a7-nAChR agonists, the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are particularly suitable for improving cognition, providing procognitive effects, improving perception, improving concentration, improving learning or memory, improving one or more aspects of cognition, e.g., one or more of: executive function, memory (e.g., working memory), social cognition, visual learning, verbal learning and speed of processing, especially after or associated with cognitive impairments like those occurring for example in
situations/diseases/syndromes such as mild cognitive impairment, age-associated learning and memory impairments, age-associated memory loss, vascular dementia, craniocerebral trauma, stroke, dementia occurring after strokes (post-stroke dementia), post-traumatic brain syndrome, posttraumatic stress disorder, general concentration impairments, concentration impairments in children with learning and memory problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, Fragile X syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body dementia, dementia with degeneration of the frontal lobes, including Pick's syndrome, frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson's disease, dyskinesias associated with dopamine agonist therapy in Parkinson's Disease, progressive nuclear palsy, dementia with corticobasal degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, thalamic degeneration, Creutzfeld-Jakob dementia, HIV dementia, schizophrenia (e.g., paranoid type, disorganized type, catatonic type, and undifferentiated type), schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, positive symptoms of schizophrenia, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, schizophrenia with dementia, Korsakoff s psychosis, depression, anxiety, mood and affective disorders, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, withdrawal symptoms associated with smoking cessation and dependent drug cessation, Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, neurodegeneration associated with glaucoma, treatment of cognitive deficits following coronary artery bypass graft surgery, treatment (including amelioration, prevention or delay of progression) of sleep disorders (e.g., narcolepsy, excessive daytime sleepiness, nocturnal sleep disruption and/or cataplexy), cognitive deficits associated with sleep disorders, treatment (including amelioration, prevention or delay) of progression of fatigue, or use for facilitation of emergence from general anesthesia.
[00146] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be employed alone or in combination with other active ingredients for the prophylaxis and treatment of acute and/or chronic pain (for a classification, see "Classification of Chronic Pain, Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definitions of Pain Terms", 2nd edition, Meskey and Begduk, editors; IASP Press, Seattle, 1994), especially for the treatment of cancer-induced pain and chronic neuropathic pain like, for example, that associated with diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, peripheral nerve damage, central pain (for example as a consequence of cerebral ischaemia) and trigeminal neuralgia, and other chronic pain such as, for example, lumbago, backache, or rheumatic pain. In addition, these active ingredients are also suitable for the therapy of primary acute pain of any origin and of secondary states of pain resulting therefrom, and for the therapy of states of pain which were formerly acute and have become chronic.
[00147] In certain embodiments, the invention relates to a method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof, such as a patient suffering from, or diagnosed as having, a cognitive impairment or having one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive impairment, an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent. For example, the method may treat and/or improve the one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive impairment and/or the cognitive impairment. For example, in certain embodiments, the cognitive impairment is Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, or schizophrenia.
[00148] A certain embodiment of the present invention provides a method of improving one or more cognitive symptoms, improving one or more behavioral symptoms, or both, associated with a cognitive impairment, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent. For example, in certain embodiments, the cognitive impairment is Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, or schizophrenia.
[00149] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the method provides a pro-cognitive effect in a patient suffering from, or diagnosed as having, a cognitive disease or dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent; wherein the method provides at least one of the following: visual motor, learning, delayed memory, or executive function; for example provides a pro-cognitive effect, exclusive of attention, in said patient; for example provides a pro-cognitive effect in at least one of the following: visual motor, learning, delayed memory, or executive function.
[00150] A certain embodiment of the present invention provides a method of treating a patient with a cognitive disease, comprising: administering to the patient a daily dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[00151] In a certain embodiment of the present invention, the method provides a pro-cognitive effect in a patient suffering from, or diagnosed as having, schizophrenia, for example, paranoid type schizophrenia, disorganized type schizophrenia, catatonic type schizophrenia, undifferentiated type schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, positive symptoms of schizophrenia, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, or schizophrenia with dementia, comprising: administering to a patient in need thereof an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to a patient in need thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluents; wherein the method provides at least one of the following: visual motor, learning, delayed memory, or executive function; for example provides a pro-cognitive effect, exclusive of attention, in said patient; for example provides a pro-cognitive effect in at least one of the following: visual motor, learning, delayed memory, or executive function.
[00152] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, includes wherein the daily dose is an initial daily dose. [00153] In a certain embodiment of the present invention provides a method of improving cognition of a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluents. For example, in certain embodiments, the present invention provides a method of improving cognition in a patient suffering from Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an Alzheimer's type, or schizophrenia, comprises: administering to the patient an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluents.
[00154] In a certain embodiment of the present invention provides a method of treating or improving one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive disease and/or a cognitive impairment in a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient an effective dose of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
[00155] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with a cognitive disease.
[00156] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes improving a symptom associated with a cognitive disease.
[00157] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes preventing progression of a cognitive disease.
[00158] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having a cognitive disease.
[00159] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease.
[00160] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with Alzheimer's disease.
[00161] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes improving a symptom associated with Alzheimer's disease.
[00162] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes preventing progression of Alzheimer's disease. [00163] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes disease modification of Alzheimer's disease.
[00164] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease.
[00165] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having dementia of an Alzheimer's type.
[00166] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with schizophrenia.
[00167] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes improving a symptom associated with schizophrenia.
[00168] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes preventing progression of schizophrenia.
[00169] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the patient has been diagnosed as having schizophrenia.
[00170] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
[00171] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes improving a symptom associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
[00172] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes preventing progression of positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
[00173] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
[00174] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
[00175] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes improving a symptom associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
[00176] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes preventing progression of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. [00177] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
[00178] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with schizophrenia with dementia.
[00179] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes improving a symptom associated with schizophrenia with dementia.
[00180] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes preventing progression of schizophrenia with dementia.
[00181] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having schizophrenia with dementia.
[00182] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes treating a symptom associated with major depressive disorder.
[00183] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes improving a symptom associated with major depressive disorder.
[00184] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes preventing progression of major depressive disorder.
[00185] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having major depressive disorder.
[00186] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the method specifically includes the patient has been diagnosed as having a disease associated with chronic inflammation, including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and
inflammatory bowel diseases.
[00187] In an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the above-noted embodiments, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a tablet.
[00188] Pharmaceutical Compositions
[00189] In certain embodiments, the invention also includes pharmaceutical preparations which, besides inert, nontoxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients, adjuvants and carriers, contain one or more aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or consist of one or more aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and processes for producing these preparations.
[00190] An aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be formulated for administration in solid or liquid form. For example, an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be formulated for administration in a capsule, a tablet, or a powder form. For example, an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be formulated alone or as part of a pharmaceutical composition, suitable for oral administration, such as in a capsule or tablet, intravenous administration, parenteral administration, topical administration, or transdermal administration, such as in a patch, to a patient in need thereof.
[00191] An aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be administered as a pharmaceutical composition, for example, in the presence of carriers, adjuvants, excipients, diluents, fillers, buffers, stabilizers, preservatives, lubricants, and the like, for example, administered as a pharmaceutical composition (e.g. , formulation) comprising at least an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, excipients, diluents, or other materials well known to those skilled in the art. As used herein, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable", unless otherwise specified, includes the generally accepted meaning which encompasses combinations, compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for consumption by humans without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
[00192] Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, excipients, and diluents, can include, but are not limited to, lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, starches, gum, acacia, calcium phosphate, alginates, tragacanth, gelatin, calcium silicate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose, water syrup, methyl cellulose, methyl and propyl hydroxybenzoates, talc, magnesium stearate, and mineral oil. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants and vehicles that may be used in the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to, ion exchangers, alumina, aluminum stearate, lecithin, serum proteins, such as human serum albumin, buffer substances such as phosphates, glycine, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, partial glyceride mixtures of saturated vegetable fatty acids, water, salts or electrolytes, such as protamine sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, zinc salts, colloidal silica, magnesium trisilicate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cellulose-based substances,
polyethylene glycol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylates, waxes, polyethylene- polyoxypropylene -block polymers, polyethylene glycol and wool fat. [00193] The formulations can additionally include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutically acceptable lubricating agents, glidants, wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, preserving agents, sweetening agents, and/or flavoring agents. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be formulated so as to provide quick release, immediate release, sustained release, or delayed release of an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, after administration to the patient by employing procedures well-known in the art.
[00194] Another embodiment of the invention further comprises methods of making
Pharmaceutical Composition, comprising admixing at least an aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, buffers, adjuvants, stabilizers, or other materials.
[00195] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, are to be present in these preparations in a concentration of from 0.1 to 99.5% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 95% by weight, of the complete mixture. Besides the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the pharmaceutical preparations may also contain other active pharmaceutical ingredients.
[00196] In certain embodiments, the novel active ingredients can be converted in a known manner into conventional formulations such as tablets, coated tablets, pills, granules, aerosols, syrups, emulsions, suspensions and solutions, using inert, nontoxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients or solvents. In these cases, the therapeutically active compound should in each case be present in a concentration of about 0.5 to 90% by weight of the entire mixture, i.e., in amounts which are sufficient to reach the stated dose range.
[00197] In certain embodiments, the formulations are produced, for example, by extending the active ingredients with solvents and/or excipients, where appropriate with use of emulsifiers and/or dispersants, it being possible for example when water is used as diluent where appropriate to use organic solvents as auxiliary solvents.
[00198] In certain embodiments, administration may take place in a conventional way, for example, orally, transdermally or parenterally, especially perlingually or intravenously. In certain embodiments, administration may also take place by inhalation through the mouth or nose, for example, with the aid of a spray, or topically via the skin.
[00199] In certain embodiments, the aminoisoxazoline compounds represented by Formula (I), (la), or (lb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be administered in amounts of about 0.01 to 10 mg/kg, on oral administration, for example, about 0.05 to 5 mg/kg, of body weight to achieve effective results. [00200] EXAMPLES
[00201] Analytical instrument model:
Table 1
Figure imgf000100_0001
[00202] LCMS:
[00203] LCMS Conditions A ("LCMS (A)"): Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5 mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 10- 80AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Boston Green ODS 2.1x30 mm, 3 pm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00204] LCMS Conditions B ("LCMS (B)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5 ml TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5-95AB_R_2W; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00205] LCMS Conditions C ("LCMS (C)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2 mL NH3H20; Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name: 5-95CD_4.5MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00206] LCMS Conditions D ("LCMS (D)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5 mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5- 95AB_R_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP- 18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00207] LCMS Conditions E ("LCMS (E)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5 ml TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN\0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5-95AB_R; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00208] LCMS Conditions F ("LCMS (F)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2 ml NH3H20, Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name: 5-95CD_2MIN_ 2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: XBrige Shield RP-18 2.1x50 mm, 5 μιη; Column temperature: 30 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00209] LCMS Conditions G ("LCMS (G)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2 mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name: 10-80CD_4MIN _2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: XBridge C-18 2.1x50 mm, 5μm; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00210] LCMS Conditions H ("LCMS (H)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5 mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 10- 80AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Xtimate C-18, 2.1x30 mm, 3μιη; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00211] LCMS Conditions I ("LCMS (I)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2 mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name:0-60CD_4.5MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 ml/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: XBrige Shield RP-18 2.1x50 mm, 5μιη; Column temperature 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00212] LCMS Conditions J ("LCMS (J)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: Acetonitrile; Method name: 10-80CD_2MIN_POS_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2ml/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Xbridge C-18 2.1x50 mm, 5μιη; Column
temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00213] LCMS Conditions K ("LCMS (K)"): Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 30AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00214] LCMS Conditions L ("LCMS (L)"): Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA;Method name: 0-30AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00215] LCMS Conditions M ("LCMS (M)"): Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 60AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00216] LCMS Conditions N ("LCMS (N)"): Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 60AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00217] LCMS Conditions O ("LCMS (O)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: CAN; Method name: 0-30CD_2MIN_POS_2W; Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5um; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00218] LCMS Conditions P ("LCMS (P)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: CAN; Method name: 0-60CD_2MIN_POS_2W; Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5um; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00219] LCMS Conditions Q ("LCMS (Q)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: CAN; Method name: 0-60CD_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5um; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00220] LCMS Conditions R ("LCMS (R)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 10- 80AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Xtimate C18, 2.1x30mm, 3um; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00221] LCMS Conditions S ("LCMS (S)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2mL NH3H20, Mobile phase B: CAN; Method name: 30- 90CD_4MIN_POS_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 30%-90%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5um; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00222] LCMS Conditions T ("LCMS (T)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5- 95AB_15MIN_YMC; Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: YMC-Pack ODS-A 5μιη 150x4.6mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00223] LCMS Conditions U ("LCMS (U)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 30AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00224] LCMS Conditions V ("LCMS (V)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS;Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA;Method name: 0- 30AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00225] LCMS Conditions W ("LCMS (W)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 60AB_2MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00226] LCMS Conditions X ("LCMS (X)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 0- 60AB_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00227] LCMS Conditions Y ("LCMS (Y)"): Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5 ml TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5-95AB_R_2W; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00228] LCMS Conditions Z ("LCMS (Z)"): Instrument: Shimadzu LCMS 2020; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5 mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: 5- 95AB_R_4MIN_2W; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min.; Gradient: 5%-95%; Column: Chromolith@Flash RP- 18e 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00229] LCMS Conditions AA ("LCMS (AA)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2mL NH3 FLO, Mobile phase B: ACN; Method name: 10-80CD_2MIN_NEG; Flow Rate: 1.2 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5μιη; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00230] LCMS Conditions BB ("LCMS (BB)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA;Method name: 0- 60AB R 2W; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00231] LCMS Conditions CC ("LCMS (CC)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA;Method name: 0- 30AB_R_2W; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-30%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00232] LCMS Conditions DD ("LCMS (DD)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series LCMS; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 1.5mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA;Method name: 10- 80AB R 2W; Flow Rate: 1.5 mL/min.; Gradient: 10%-80%;Column: Chromolith@Flash RP-18E 25x2 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00233] LCMS Conditions EE ("LCMS (EE)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 1L H20 \ 0.375mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: WUXIAB00; Flow Rate: 0.6 -l .OmL/min; Gradient: 0%-80%-100%; Column: Agilent 5 TC-C18 50x2.1 mm;
Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00234] LCMS Conditions FF ("LCMS (FF)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 1L H20 \ 0.375mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: WUXIAB01; Flow Rate: 0.8 -l .OmL/min; Gradient: l%-90%-100%; Column: Agilent 5 TC-C18 50x2.1 mm;
Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00235] LCMS Conditions GG ("LCMS (GG)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 1L H20 \ 0.375mL TFA, Mobile phase B: 4L ACN \ 0.75 mL TFA; Method name: WUXIABIO; Flow Rate: 0.8 -1.0 mL/min; Gradient: 10%-100%; Column: Agilent 5 TC-C18 50x2.1 mm; Column temperature: 50 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00236] LCMS Conditions HH ("LCMS (HH)"): Instrument: Agilent 1200 Series; Mobile phase A: 4L H20 \ 2mL NH3 H20, Mobile phase B: ACN; Method name: 0-60CD_2MIN_NEG; Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min.; Gradient: 0%-60%; Column: Xbridge C18 2.1x50 mm, 5μιη; Column temperature: 40 °C; Wavelength: 220 nm & 254 nm.
[00237] Instrument: Agilent 1 100 Bin. Pump: G1312A, degasser; autosampler, ColCom, DAD: Agilent G1315B, 210 nm, MSD: Agilent LC/MSD G1956B ESI, pos/neg 100-800; MS parameters: Source: ESI, Capillary voltage: 3000V, Drying gas flow: 12 L/min., Nebulizer Pressure 60 psig, Drying Gas Temperature: 350°C, Fragmentor 70, MS scan: MS range 100-800 (positive and negative mode), Flow into MS 0.4 mL/min.; Mobile phase A: 95% acetonitrile + 5% 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water; Mobile phase B: 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water pH = 9.0; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min; Linear Gradient: t=0 min 5% A, t = 3.5 min 98% A, t=6 min 98% A; Column:
Phenomenex Gemini NX (C18, 50x2.0 mm, particle size: 3 μιη); Column temperature: 25°C;
Detection DAD: Wavelength 220-320 nm.
[00238] Preparative HPLC ( 1): MS instrument type: Agilent Technologies G1956B Quadrupole LC-MS; HPLC instrument type: Agilent Technologies 1200 preparative LC; column: Phenomenex Gemini-NX(C18, 100x21.2mm, 10 μ); flow: 25 ml/min; column temp: RT; eluent A: 99% acetonitrile + 1% 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water pH=9.0, eluent B: lOmM ammonium bicarbonate in water pH=9.0; detection: DAD (220-320 nm); detection: MSD (ESI pos/neg) mass range: 100 - 800; fraction collection based on MS and DAD.
[00239] Chiral preparative HPLC instrument ("cHPLCl"): HPLC instrument modules: Shimadzu LC8-A preparative pumps, Shimadzu SCL-lOAvp system controller, Shimadzu SPD-lOAvp UV-VIS detector; Fraction Collector: Gilson 215 Liquid Handler.
[00240] cHPLC Analytical Conditions 1 ("cHPLC analytical (1)"): Instrument: cHPLC 2, Flow: 1 mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C. Column: Chiralpak IC, 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μ; Eluent: heptane + 0.1% diethylamine/ethanol = 7/3.
[00241] cHPLC Analytical Conditions 2 ("cHPLC analytical (2)"): Instrument: cHPLC 2, Flow: 1 mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C. Column: Chiralpak IC, 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μ; Eluent: heptane + 0.1% diethylamine/ethanol = 8/2.
[00242] cHPLC Analytical Conditions 3 ("cHPLC analytical (3)"): Instrument: cHPLC 2, Flow: 1 mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C. Column: Chiralpak IC, 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μ; Eluent: heptane + 0.1% diethylamine/ethanol = 9/1.
[00243] cHPLC Analytical Conditions 4 ("cHPLC analytical (4)"): Instrument: cHPLC 2, Flow: 1 mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C. Column: Chiralpak IA, 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μ; Eluent: heptane + 0.1% diethylamine/ethanol = 7/3.
[00244] GCMS: [00245] GCMS Conditions Instrument: SHIMADZU GCMS-QP2010 Ultra; Carrier gas: He; Column Flow: 1.5mL/min; Injector: 250 °C; Split Ratio: 100: 1 ; Column: HP-5MS
15ιηχ0.25ιηιηχ0.25μιη; FILM From: 40 °C (holding 3min) to 250 °C (holding 3min) at the rate of 25 °C/min.
[00246] cSFC Analytical:
[00247] cSFC Analytical Conditions: Flow rate: 3mL/min; Wavelength: 220 nm; and Column temperature: 35°C, were used for each of the specified conditions below:
[00248] cSFC Analytical Conditions A ("cSFC analytical (A)"): Column: Chiralcel OD-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: ethanol (0.05% diethylamine ("DEA") in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00249] cSFC Analytical Conditions B ("cSFC analytical (B)"): Column: Chiralcel OD-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: methanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00250] cSFC Analytical Conditions C ("cSFC analytical (C)"): Column: Chiralcel OD-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: 40% ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02.
[00251] cSFC Analytical Conditions D ("cSFC analytical (D)"): Column: Chiralpak AY-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00252] cSFC Analytical Conditions E ("cSFC analytical (E)"): Column: Chiralcel OJ-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00253] cSFC Analytical Conditions F ("cSFC analytical (F)"): Column: Chiralcel OJ-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: methanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00254] cSFC Analytical Conditions G ("cSFC analytical (G)"): Column: Chiralpak AD-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00255] cSFC Analytical Conditions H ("cSFC analytical (H)"): Column: Chiralpak AD-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: methanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00256] cSFC Analytical Conditions I ("cSFC analytical (I)"): Column: Chiralpak AS-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00257] cSFC Analytical Conditions J ("cSFC analytical (J)"): Column: Chiralcel AD-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: 15% iso-propanol (0.05% DEA) in C02.
[00258] cSFC Analytical Conditions K ("cSFC analytical (K)"): Column: Chiralcel AD-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: 40% iso-propanol (0.05% DEA) in C02
[00259] cSFC Analytical Conditions L ("cSFC analytical (L)"): Column: Chiralcel AD-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: 60% ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02.
[00260] cSFC Analytical Conditions M ("cSFC analytical (M)"): Column: Chiralpak IC-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: 40% methanol (0.05% DEA) in C02.
[00261] cSFC Analytical Conditions N ("cSFC analytical (N)"): Column: Chiralpak IC-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: methanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00262] cSFC Analytical Conditions O ("cSFC analytical (O)"): Column: Chiralpak AS-3
100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: 40% ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02. [00263] cSFC Analytical Conditions P ("cSFC analytical (P)"): Column: Chiralpak AS-3 150x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00264] cSFC Analytical Conditions Q ("cSFC analytical (Q)"): Column: Chiralpak AS-3 100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: methanol (0.05% DEA) in C02 from 5% to 40%.
[00265] cSFC Analytical Conditions R ("cSFC analytical (R)"): Column: Chiralpak AS-3 100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: 40% methanol (0.05% DEA) in C02.
[00266] cSFC Analytical Conditions S ("cSFC analytical (S)"): Column: Chiralpak AS-3 100x4.6mm I.D., 3um; Mobile phase: 30% ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02.
[00267] For each final compound prepared below that indicates the presence of a salt associated with the final compound (i.e., a salt complex), the specific molar equivalence of salt included in the final compound, unless specified, was not determined.
[00268] Example 1A: 2-(
Figure imgf000106_0001
[00269] A solution of diethyl cyanomethylphosphonate (8.3 g, 46.9 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) was degassed with nitrogen. Subsequently, potassium tert-butoxide (5.3 g, 46.9 mmol) was added at room temperature, and the reaction mixture was degassed with nitrogen and stirred for 20 minutes. Then, quinuclidin-3-one (5.9 g, 46.9 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) was added. After stirring for 20 hours, the reaction mixture was concentrated, affording a brown oil. The residue was suspended in chloroform (500 mL), washed with saturated NaHC03 (3 x 250 mL), dried over Na2S04 and concentrated in vacuo to afford compound A-l (6.8 g, 95% yield) as a sticky brown solid. LCMS (1): tR=2.157/2.244 min. (major/minor isomer), (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 149.2. i NMR ^OO MHz, Chloroform- , major isomer) δ 5.11 (t, J= 2.1 Hz, lH), 3.59 - 3.51 (m, 2H), 3.15 - 3.04 (m, 1H), 3.04 - 2.74 (m, 4H), 1.95 - 1.78 (m, 2H), 1.80 - 1.62 (m, 2H).
[00270] Example 2A: -l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine (rac-A-2)
Figure imgf000106_0002
[00271] To a solution of sodium methoxide in methanol (12.5 wt%, 15.4 mL, 67.1 mmol) was added 1-hydroxyurea (4.7 g, 61.5 mmol) and compound A-l (8.3 g, 55.9 mmol) in methanol (15 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 65 °C for two days, cooled to room temperature, filtered, concentrated onto silica (8 g) and purified by silica gel column chromatography [chloroform: 7M NH3 in methanol = 1:0 to 9: 1] to afford compound rac-A-2 (7.5 g, 49% yield) as an off-white solid.
LCMS (1): tR=0.607 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 182.0. [00272] Chiral Separation:
[00273] rac-A-2 (2.0 g, 11.0 mmol) in 40 mL of methanol/chloroform (1 : 1) was separated by preparative chiral HPLC [Instrument: cHPLCl, Flow: 18mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C, Column: Chiralpak IC, 20 x 250 mm, 5μ, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 7/3)] to give:
(5)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine (compound A-2-P1 (0.76 g, 38% yield) as an off-white solid: cHPLC analytical (1): tR=15.89 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=0.600 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 182.2; 1H NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 3.93 (s, 2H), 3.24 (dd, J = 14.5, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.05 (d, J= 15.8 Hz, 1H), 2.99 - 2.58 (m, 6H), 2.21 - 2.04 (m, 1H), 2.04 - 1.95 (m, 1H), 1.74 - 1.33 (m, 3H); Absolute configuration of compound A-2-P1 determined to be S by X-ray analysis in Example 86.
(i?)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine (compound A-2-P2) (0.60 g, 30% yield) as an off-white solid: cHPLC analytical (1): tR=19.44 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=0.506 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 182.2; 1H NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 3.98 (s, 1H), 3.23 (dd, J = 14.5, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.05 (d, J= 15.8 Hz, 1H), 2.99 - 2.63 (m, 6H), 2.21 - 2.04 (m, 1H), 2.04 - 1.95 (m, 1H), 1.80 - 1.31 (m, 3H); Absolute configuration of compound A-2-P2 determined to be R in view of the X-ray analysis of compound A-2-P1 in Example 86.
[00274] Example IB: 2-bromobenzo[b]thiophene (B-l)
Figure imgf000107_0001
B 1
[00275] To a solution of benzo[b]thiophene (2.0 g, 15 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) at -70 °C under nitrogen was added dropwise n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexane, 12 mL, 30 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at this temperature for 30 min. Then N-bromosuccinimide (5.3 g, 30 mmol) was added, and the resulting solution was allowed to warm from -70 °C to room temperature over 1 hour. On completion, the mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 30 mL). The combined organic phases were concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 100: 1] to give compound B-l (0.50 g, 16% yield) as a white solid.
[00276] Example 2B: 2-bromobenzo[d]oxazole (B-2)
Figure imgf000107_0002
B"2
[00277] To a solution of benzo[d]oxazole (1.0 g, 8.4 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) at -25 °C under nitrogen was added dropwise lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1.0 M in tetrahydrofuran, 10 mL, 10 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at this temperature for 1 hour. Then N-bromosuccinimide (2.2 g, 13 mmol) was added, and the resulting solution was allowed to warm from -25 °C to room temperature over 1 hour. On completion, the mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 30 mL). The combined organic phases were concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography
[petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 100: 1] to give compound B-2 (1.2 g, 72% yield) as a white oil. ¾- NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.70-7.68 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.63 (m, IH), 7.45-7.39 (m, 2H).
[00278] Exampl -cyclopropylbenzo[<f]thiazole (B-3)
Figure imgf000108_0001
[00279] To a solution of 6-bromobenzo[<f]thiazole (3.5 g, 16 mmol), cyclopropylboronic acid (2.1 g, 25 mmol) and potassium carbonate (6.8 g, 49 mmol) in dioxane (30 mL) and water (6 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (1.9 g, 1.6 mmol). The solution was degassed and purged with nitrogen 3 times. The mixture was stirred at 100°C for 16 hours, then diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 30 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 50: 1] to give compound
B-3 (1.0 g, 35% yield) as a yellow oil. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 8.92 (s, IH), 8.03 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 7.68 (s, IH), 7.29-7.24 (m, IH), 2.10-2.05 (m, IH), 1.09-1.05 (m, 2H), 0.82-0.78 (m, 2H).
[00280] Exa -bromo-6-cyclopropylbenzo[<f]thiazo -4)
Figure imgf000108_0002
[00281] To a solution of compound B-3 (1.0 g, 5.7 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) at -25 °C was added dropwise lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (lmol/L in tetrahydrofuran, 11 mL). The solution was stirred at -25 °C for 1 hour. Then N-bromosuccinimide (2.0 g, 11 mmol) was added at - 25 °C, and the reaction was allowed to warm to 25 °C and stirred for another 4 hours. On completion the reaction was quenched with methanol (5 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chramotagraphy [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 15: 1] to give compound B-4 (0.80 g, 55% yield) as a yellow oil. LCMS (J): tR=0.657 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =254.0
[00282] Example 5B: 5-chloro-6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazole-2(3H)-thione (B-5)
Figure imgf000108_0003
[00283] A solution of 5-chloro-2,4-difluoro-aniline (5.0 g, 31 mmol) and potassium O-ethyl carbonodithioate (12 g, 73 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) was stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours. On completion, the reaction was cooled to room temperature, and IN hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour, resulting in formation of a solid. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with water (2x100 mL) and dried under vacuum to give compound B 5 (5.6 g, 79% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.759 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =220.1.
[00284] Exampl -dichloro-6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazole -6)
Figure imgf000109_0001
B"5 B"6
[00285] A solution of compound B-5 (2.0 g, 9.1 mmol) in sulfonyl chloride (34 g, 0.25 mol) was stirred at 15 °C for 16 hours. On completion, the solution was poured into ice-water (30 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by column chramotagraphy [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate=20: 1] to give compound B-6 (1.8 g, 89% yield) as a white solid. i-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 8.01 (d,
J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H).
[00286] Example 7B: 2-chloroquinazoline (B-7)
Figure imgf000109_0002
[00287] To a mixture of 2,4-dichloroquinazoline (5.0 g, 25 mmol), sodium chloride (0.7 g, 13 mmol) and ammonium hydroxide (27.3 g, 779 mmol ) in dichloromethane (100 mL) and water (70 ml ) was added zinc (4.93 g, 75.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 4 hour under nitrogen, then poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography
[petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 5: 1] to give compound B-7 (2.0 g, 43% yield) as a white solid. l - NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.46 (s, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 8.07 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H).
[00288] Example 8B: N-(2-chlorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethoxyacetamide (B-8)
Figure imgf000109_0003
[00289] A mixture of (2-chlorophenyl)methanamine (2.0 g, 14 mmol) and methyl 2,2- dimethoxyacetate (3.8 g, 28 mmol) was stirred at 140 °C for 1 hour in the microwave. On completion, the mixture was diluted with dichloromethane (200 mL) and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-8 (4.5 g, crude) as a yellow gum.
[00290] Example 9B: 8-chloroisoquinolin-3-ol (B-9)
Figure imgf000110_0001
[00291] Compound B-8 (1.2 g, crude) was added to concentrated sulfuric acid (15 mL) at 15 °C. The mixture was stirred at this temperature for 16 hours, then poured into ice-water (20 mL), filtered and adjusted to pH 9 with 33% ammonium hydroxide. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, dried in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [dichloromethane: methanol =
10: 1] to give compound B-9 (0.75 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (M): tR = 0.807 min., (ES ) m/z (M+H) + = 180.0, i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): 8.95 (s, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H).
[00292] Exam 10)
Figure imgf000110_0002
B 9 B 10
[00293] To a solution of compound B-9 (0.45 g, 2.5 mmol), triethylamine (0.51 g, 5.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) at 0 °C was added dropwise trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (0.92 g, 3.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 2 hours, then diluted with dichloromethane (40 mL) and washed with water (20 mL), sodium bicarbonate solution (20 mL) and brine (20 mL). The organic layer was concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound B-10 (0.35 g, 45% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR = 0.996 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 312.0.
[00294] Example 11B: 3-chloro-5-nitroisoquinoline (B-ll)
Figure imgf000110_0003
B 11
[00295] To a solution of 3-chloroisoquinoline (0.50 g, 3.1 mmol) in concentrated sulfuric acid (10 mL) at 0 °C was added a solution of potassium nitrate (0.34 g, 3.4 mmol) in concentrated sulfuric acid (5 mL). The mixture solution was stirred at 0 °C for 2 hours and at room temperature for another 14 hours. On completion, the mixture was poured into ice-water (30 mL), resulting in formation of a precipitate. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to give compound B-ll (0.6 g, crude) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 9.25 (s, 1H), 8.70-8.66 (m, 2H), 8.35 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (t, J=8 Hz, 1H).
[00296] Example 12B: 3-chloroisoquinolin-5-amine (B-12)
Figure imgf000111_0001
B 11 B 12
[00297] A mixture of compound B-ll (2.3 g, 1 1 mmol) and Raney-Ni (0.94 g, 1 lmmol) in tetrahydrofuran (40 mL) was stirred at 15 °C under 30 psi hydrogen for 6 hours. On completion, the mixture was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-12 (1.97 g, crude) as a brown solid. LCMS (J): tR=0.904 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =179.0.
[00298] Exampl -dichloroisoquinoline (B-13)
Figure imgf000111_0002
B 12 B 13
[00299] To a solution of compound B-12 (0.45 g, 2.5 mmol) in 37% hydrochloric acid ( 10 mL) at 0 °C was added a solution of sodium nitrite (0.26 g, 3.8 mmol) in water (7 mL). The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 1 hour. Then a solution of cuprous chloride (0.37 g, 3.8 mmol) in 37% hydrochloric acid (5 mL) was added and stirring was continued at 0 °C for another 1 hour. On completion, the solution was adjusted to pH 12 with 1 N aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 150mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo, and the residue purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20: 1] to give compound B-13 (0.15 g, 30% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (J): tR=1.491 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =198.0.
[00300] Example -methylbenzo[<f]thiazole (B-14)
Figure imgf000111_0003
[00301] A mixture of 5-bromobenzo[<f]thiazole (0.34 g, 1.6 mmol), 2,4,6-trimethyl-l, 3,5,2,4,6- trioxatriborinane (0.60 g, 4.8 mmol), dicyclohexyl-[3-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane [2- (2-aminophenyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium; (0.06 g, 0.08 mmol) and potassium phosphate (0.67 g, 3.2 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (12 mL) and water (3 mL) at 15 °C was degassed and purged with nitrogen 3 times. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 12 hours under nitrogen, then diluted with ethyl acetate (250 mL) and washed with brine (6 x 20 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-14 (0.27 g, 78% yield) as brown gum, which used directly without further purification. LCMS (Y): tR=0.633 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 150.0.
[00302] Example 15B: 2-bromo-5-methylbenzo[<f]thiazole (B-15)
Figure imgf000112_0001
B 14 B 15
[00303] To a solution of compound B-14 (0.27 g, 1.2 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (4 mL) at -70 °C under nitrogen was added n-butyllithium (0.6 mL, 2.5 mol/L in hexane, 1.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at -70 °C for 0.5 hours. Then a solution of N-bromosuccinimide(0.26 g, 1.5 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) was added at -70 °C, and stirring was continued for an additional 0.5 hours. The mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (1.2 mL) at -70 °C, then diluted with ethyl acetate (200 mL) at 0 °C, washed with brine (6 x 10 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-TLC [silica gel, petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 15: 1, Rf = 0.52] to give compound B-15 (80 mg, 25% yield, 88% purity) as a yellow solid. i-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): 7.79 (s, IH), 7.68 (d, J=8.0 Hz, IH), 7.26 (d, J=11.2 Hz, 1H), 2.51 (s, 3H).
[00304] -cyclopropylbenzo[d]thiazole (B-16)
Figure imgf000112_0002
[00305] A mixture of 5-bromobenzo[d]thiazole (1.0 g, 4.7 mmol), cyclopropylboronic acid (1.2 g, 14.0 mmol), potassium carbonate (1.3 g, 9.3 mmol) and lithium chloride (19.8 mg, 0.47 mmol ) in dioxane (10.0 mL) and water (1.0 mL ) was degassed and purged with nitrogen 3 times. To the mixture [l,r-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) dichloride (341.7 mg, 0.47 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours. On completion, the mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound B-16 (720 mg, 81% yield) as a white solid. ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.18 (s, IH), 7.90 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 7.76 (s, IH), 7.23 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 2.09-2.05 (m, IH), 1.05-1.03 (m, 2H), 0.78-0.76 (m, 2H).
[00306] Example 17B: 2-bromo-5-cyclopropylbenzo[d]thiazole (B-17)
Figure imgf000112_0003
[00307] To a solution of compound B-16 (300 mg, 1.7 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (5.0 mL) at - 30 °C was added lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1 M in tetrahydrofuran, 2.6 mL, 2.6 mmol). The solution was stirred for 1 hour. Then N-bromosuccinimide(457 mg, 2.6 mmol) was added, and stirring was continued at -30 °C for another 2 hours. On completion, the mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound B-17 (220 mg, 51% yield) as a white solid. ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.78 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.21 (d, J=8.8 Hz, lH), 2.09-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.07-1.02 (m, 2H), 0.78-0.74 (m, 2H).
[00308] Example 18B: 5-fluorobenzo[<f]thiazole-2(3H)-thione (B-18)
Figure imgf000113_0001
[00309] A solution of 2,5-difluoroaniline (5.0 g, 39 mmol) and sodium O-ethyl carbonodithioate (14 g, 97 mmol) in NN-dimethyl formamide (10 mL) was stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours. One completion, the pH was adjusted to 3 with 2Ν hydrochloric acid, resulting in formation of a solid. The solid was collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to give compound B-18 (7.00 g, crude) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.648 min, 186.1, m/z (M+l).
[00310] Example 19B: 2-chloro-5-fluorobenzo[<f]thiazole (B-19)
Figure imgf000113_0002
B"18 B"19
[00311] To a solution of compound B-18 (1.0 g, 5.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added dropwise sulfonyl chloride (3.6 g, 27 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 15 °C for 16 hours, then quenched at 0 °C with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (2 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 25 mL). The combined organic phase was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by silica gel silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate=l :0] to give
compound B-19 (0.6 g, 3.2 mmol, 59% yield) as a white solid. GCMS: tR=7.673 min, 186.9, (EI) m/z (M)+.
[00312] Exampl -(trifluoromethyl)benzo[<f]thiazole-2(3H)-thione (B-20)
Figure imgf000113_0003
[00313] To a mixture of 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)aniline (5.0 g, 28 mmol) in N-methyl-2- pyrrolidone (50 mL) at room temperature was added potassium O-ethyl carbonodithioate (5.4 g, 34 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours, then poured into ice water (100 mL) and acidified with 1 Ν HQ (20 mL), resulting in formation of a solid. The solid was collected by filteration to give compound B-20 (6.0 g, 88% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.769 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =236.1.
[00314] Example 21B: 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[<i|thiazole (B-21)
Figure imgf000114_0001
To compound B-20 (1.0 g, 4.3 mmol) at 0 °C was added sulfonyl chloride (10 mL) in portions. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hour then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20: 1] to give compound B-21 (0.1 g, 9.9% yield) as a white solid.
[00315] Example 22B: 2-thioxo-2,3-dihydrobenzo[<f]thiazole-5-carbonitrile (B-22)
Figure imgf000114_0002
B"22
[00316] A mixture of 3-amino-4-chlorobenzonitrile (1.0 g, 6.6 mmol) and potassium O-ethyl carbonodithioate (2.1 g, 13.1 mmol) in l-methylpyrrolidin-2-one (5 mL) at 25 °C was degassed and purged with nitrogen 3 times. The mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 10 hours, then poured into ice water (200 mL) and acidified with 1 mL concentrated hydrochloric acid, resulting in formation of a solid. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with water (3 x 10 mL) and dried in vacuo to give compound B-22 (1.1 g, crude) as a yellow solid, which was used directly without further purification. LCMS (B): tR=0.613 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 193.1.
[00317] Example 23B: 2-chlorobenzo[<f]thiazole-5-carbonitrile (B-23)
Figure imgf000114_0003
B"22 B"23
[00318] To a solution of compound B-22 (1.0 g, 5.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) at 0 °C was added sulfuryl dichloride (13.5 g, 100 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 3 hours, then poured into water (200 mL), partially concentrated in vacuo to remove dichloromethane and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 90 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (3 x 20 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 15: 1 to 10: 1] to give compound B-23 (0.4 g, 40% yield) as a yellow solid. 'H-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): 8.26 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.68 (dd, J=8.4, 1.6 Hz, 1H).
[00319] Example 24B: 5,6-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2 -amine (B-24)
Figure imgf000114_0004
B " 24
[00320] To a mixture of 3,4-dichloroaniline (10 g, 62 mmol) and potassium thiocyanate (48 g, 0.49 mol) in acetic acid (160 mL) at 0 °C was added slowly with constant stirring a solution of liquid bromine (31 g, 0.19 mol) in acetic acid (160 mL). The temperature was maintained at 0 °C throughout the addition. The solution was stirred for 2 hours at 0°C and 14 hours at 15 °C, then diluted with water (100 mL), adjusted to pH 7-8 with ammonium hydroxide and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (3 x 300 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: GEMINI 250 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-50% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] to give compound B- 24 (2.6 g, 19% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (J): tR=0.694 min. (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =219.0. ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.55 (s, 1H).
[00321]
Figure imgf000115_0001
[00322] To a solution of compound B-24 (0.25 g, 1.1 mmol), tert-butyl nitrite (0.35 g, 3.4 mmol), p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.59 g, 3.4 mmol) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (2.2 g, 6.8 mmol) in acetonitrile (25 mL) was added copper(I) bromide (16 mg, 0.11 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 30 °C for 4 hours, and then concentrated. The residue was purified by column chramotagraphy [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20: 1) to give compound B-25 (0.18 g, 56% yield) as a yellow solid.
[00323] Example 26B: 6,7-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazole-2(3H)-thione (B-26)
Figure imgf000115_0002
[00324] A solution of 3,4-dichloro-2-fluoroaniline (5.0 g, 31 mmol) and potassium O-ethyl carbonodithioate (11 g, 67 mmol) in N, N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) was stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours. On completion, the reaction was cooled to room temperature, and hydrochloric acid (1M, 75 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred for 0.5 hour, resulting in formation of a solid. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with water (2 x 100 mL) and dried in vacuo to give compound B-26 (5.2 g, 79% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.847 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =237.0.
[00325] Examp -trichlorobenzo[d]thiazole (B-27
Figure imgf000115_0003
[00326] A solution of compound B-26 (2.0 g, 8.5 mmol) in sulfonyl chloride (34 g, 0.25 mol) was stirred at 15 °C for 16 hours. On completion, the solution was poured into ice-water (30 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20: 1) to give compound B-27 (1.8 g, 89% yield) as a white solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 7.80 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H).
[00327] Example 28B: l-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)thiourea (B-28)
Figure imgf000116_0001
[00328] To 3,5-dichloroaniline (1.0 g, 6.2 mmol) was added hydrochloric acid (1 M, 12 inL) and potassium thiocyanate (0.72 g, 7.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 10 hours. The resulting solid was collected by filtration, washed with water (3 x 5 mL) and dried in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1 to 1:2] to give compound B-28 (0.36 g, 22% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (J): tR = 1.135 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 221.0.
[00329] Example 29B: 5,7-dichlorobenzo[<f]thiazol-2 -amine (B-29)
Figure imgf000116_0002
[00330] To a solution of compound B-28 (1.0 g, 3.7 mmol) in chloroform (20 mL) at 0 °C was added bromine (1.2 g, 7.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 10 hours, then cooled to room temperature and filtered to collect the solid. The solid was washed with acetone (4 x 5 mL), then added into water (45 mL). The mixture was stirred at 95 °C for 30 min, then adjusted to pH 9 with sodium hydroxide (0.5 M). The solid was collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to give compound B-29 (0.68 g, 81% yield) as a purple gray solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): 7.43 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 5.32 (bs, 2H).
[00331] Example 30B: 2-bromo-5,7-dichlorobenzo[<f]thiazole (B-30)
Figure imgf000116_0003
[00332] To a solution of compound B-29 (0.6 g, 2.7 mmol), tetra-n-butyl -ammonium (1.8 g, 5.5 mmol), tert-butyl nitrite (0.34 g, 3.3 mmol) and 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrate (0.63 g, 3.3 mmol) in acetonitrile (30 mL) was added copper(I) bromide (3.9 mg, 0.03 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 3 hours, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [Si02, petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 6: 1] to give compound B-30 (0.56 g, 69% yield) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): 7.89 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H). [00333] Example 31B: 6-chloro-5,7-difluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2 -amine
Figure imgf000117_0001
[00334] To a solution of 4-chloro-3,5-difluoroaniline (3.0 g, 18 mmol) and potassium thiocyanate (3.6 g, 37 mmol) in acetic acid (30 mL) at 15 °C was added slowly bromine (4.4 g, 28 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 15 °C for 3 hours, then adjusted to pH 8 with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate and extracted by ethyl acetate (2 x 20 ml). The combined organic phase was concentrated and purified by silica chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10/1 to 5/1) to give
compound B-31 (1.4 g, 35%) as a yellow solid.
[00335] Example 32B: 2-bromo-6-chloro-5,7-difluorobenzo[d]thiazole (B-32)
Figure imgf000117_0002
B"31 B"32
[00336] To a solution of compound B-31 (0.50 g, 2.1 mmol) in acetonitrile (2.0 mL) was added copper(I) bromide (0.33 g, 2.3 mmol) and tert-butyl nitrite (0.37 g, 3.2 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 hours, and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate=30: 1-10: 1] to give compound B-32 (0.4 g, 63% yield) as a white solid. i-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 7.66-7.64 (m, 1H).
[00337] Example 33B: 4-bromo-2-chloro-l-cyclopropylbenzene (B-33)
Figure imgf000117_0003
to|uene:H2O"15:i '100 °C' 24 h β 33
[00338] A solution of 4-bromo-2-chloro-l-iodo-benzene (1.0 g, 3.2 mmol), cyclopropylboronic acid (0.35 g, 4.1 mmol), potassium phosphate (2.3 g, 11 mmol), palladium acetate (35 mg, 0.16 mmol) and tricyclohexylphosphine (88 mg, 0.032 mmol) in toluene (30 mL) and water (1.6 mL) was stirred at 100 °C under nitrogen for 24 hours. On completion, the mixture was poured into water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (2 x 20 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 1:0] to give compound B-33 (0.80 g, 46% yield) as a yellow solid. GCMS (B): tR=8.562 min, (ES+) m/z = 232.0.
[00339] Example 34B: 4-bromo-l-chloro-2-cyclopropylbenzene (B-34)
Figure imgf000117_0004
B 34 [00340] To a solution of 4-bromo-l-chloro-2-iodobenzene (0.30 g, 0.95 mmol), cyclopropylboronic acid (97 mg, 1.1 mmol), [l,l'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]
dichloropalladium(II) (39 mg, 0.047 mmol) in dioxane (6 mL) and water (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added potassium phosphate (0.76 g, 3.6 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 3 hours, then diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (2 xlO mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-34 (0.30 g, crude) as a yellow oil.
[00341] Exa -bromo-2-methylbenzofuran (B-35)
Figure imgf000118_0001
[00342] To a solution of 6-bromobenzofuran (0.5 g, 2.5 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (5.0 mL) at -70 °C under nitrogen was added dropwise lithium diisopropylamide (2.0 M in
tetrahydrofuran/n-heptane, 0.28 mL, 0.57 mmol). The solution was stirred at this temperature for 1 hour, and then methyl iodide (0.43 g, 3.1 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at -70 °C for 3 hours and at 0 °C 1 hour, then poured into 0.5 N hydrochloric acid (20 mL) and extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether (2 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vauo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether] to give compound B-35 (0.5 g, 90 % yield) as a yellow liquid. GCMS (B): tR=8.097 min, (ES+) m/z = 209.9.
[00343] Example 36B: 5-bromo-2-methylbenzofuran (B-36)
Figure imgf000118_0002
B"3G
[00344] To a solution of 5-bromobenzofuran (2.0 g, 10 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) at -70 °C under nitrogen was added dropwise lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 6.1 mL, 12 mmol). The solution was stirred at -70 °C for 1 hour, and then iodomethane (2.2 g, 15 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at -70 °C for 2 hours and at room temperature for another 13 hours, then poured into 5% hydrochloric acid (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 xlOO mL). The combined organic layers were washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2 x 30 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash column chramotagraphy [100% petroleum ether] to give compound B-36 (1.9 g, crude) as oil.
[00345] Example 37B: 6-bromo-2-methylbenzo[b]thiophene (B-37)
Figure imgf000118_0003
B"37 [00346] To a solution of 6-bromobenzo[b]thiophene (2.0 g, 9.4 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) at -70 °C under nitrogen was added dropwise lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 5.6 mL, 11 mmol). The solution was stirred at -70 °C for 0.5 hour, and then iodomethane (12 g, 85 mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred at 15 °C for 15.5 hours, then quenched by saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 80 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel
chromatography [100% petroleum ether] to give compound B-37 (1.2 g, crude) as a white solid. GCMS (B): tR=9.386 min, (ES+) m/z = 227.9.
[00347] Exampl
Figure imgf000119_0001
B 38
[00348] To a solution of 5-bromobenzo[b]thiophene (2.0 g, 9.4 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) at -70°C under nitrogen was added dropwise lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 5.6 mL, 11 mmol). The solution was stirred at -70°C for 1 hour, and then iodomethane (2.0 g, 14 mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred at -70°C for 2 hours and at room temperature for another 13 hours, then poured into 5% hydrochloric acid (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate (2 x 30 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash column chramotagraphy [100% petroleum ether] to give compound B-38 (1.9 g, 89% yield) as a white solid. 1H-NMR (CDC13, 400
MHz): δ 7.80 (d, J=2.0 Hz, IH), 7.61 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 7.36 (dd, Jl=8.4 Hz, J2=1.6 Hz, IH), 6.93 (s, 1H), 2.61 (s, 3H).
[00349] Example 39B: N-(3-fluorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethoxyacetamide (B-39)
Figure imgf000119_0002
[00350] A mixture of (3-fluorophenyl)methanamine (1.0 g, 14 mmol) and methyl 2,2- dimethoxyacetate (2.1 g, 16mmol) was stirred at 140 °C for 1 hour in the microwave. The solution was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 5: 1) to give compound B-39 (1.4 g, 77% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (B): tR = 0.594 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 228.1.
[00351] Example 40B: 7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-ol (B-40)
Figure imgf000119_0003
[00352] Compound B-39 (2.5 g, 11 mmol) was added to concentrated sulfuric acid (15 mL) at 15 °C. The mixture was stirred at 15 °C for 16 hours, then poured into ice-water (30 mL). The resulting solid was collected by filtration, washed with water (100 mL) and dried in vacuo to give compound B-40 (1.6 g, 89% yiled) as a white solid. LCMS (M): tR = 0.578 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 164.1.
[00353] Example 41B: 7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (B-41)
Figure imgf000120_0001
[00354] To a solution of compound B-40 (2.0 g, 12 mmol) and triethylamine (2.5 g, 24 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 mL) at 15 °C was added dropwise trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (6.9 g, 24 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 15 °C for 36 hours, then diluted with dichloromethane (200 mL), washed with water (100 mL), aqueous sodium bicarbonate (100 mL) and brine (100 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 1 : 1] to give compound B-41 (1.7 g, 45% yield) as a yellow oil. LCMS (B): tR = 0.932 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 296.0; ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 9.06 (s, 1H), 7.96 (dd, Ji = 12.4 Hz, J2 = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.72-7.59 (m, 3H).
[00355] Example 42B: N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethoxyacetamide (B-42)
Figure imgf000120_0002
[00356] A mixture of (4-fluorophenyl)methanamine (3.0 g, 24 mmol) and methyl 2,2- dimethoxyacetate (6.4 g, 48 mmol) was heated at 140 °C for 1 hour in the microwave. On completion, the mixture was concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography column [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate=l : 1] to give compound B-42 (4.1 g, 74 % yield ) as a light yellow solid. Ti-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.30-7.28 (m, 2H), 7.05 (t, J=8.4 Hz, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.91 (br, 1H), 4.78 (s 1H), 4.78 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.43 (s, 6H).
[00357] Example 43B: 6-fluoroisoquinolin-3(2H)-one (B-43)
Figure imgf000120_0003
[00358] A mixture of compound B-42 (1.0 g, 6.6 mmol) and concentrated sulfuric acid (1.4 mL) was stirred at 85 °C for 5 minute. On completion, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into ice water (40 mL), adjusted to pH = 7-8 with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, diluted with dichloromethane (100 mL) and stirred at 20 °C for 12 hours. On completion, the precipitated product was collected by filtration. The solid was further purified by silica gel chromatography column [dichloromethane: methanol= 10: 1] to give compound B-43 (0.9 g , 63% yield) as a yellow solid. 1H-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 8.67 (s, 1H), 7.90 (q, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (dd, J=4.0 Hz, J=12 Hz, 1H), 7.07-7.02 (m, 1H), 6.82 (s, 1H).
[00359] Example 44B: 6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (B-44)
Figure imgf000121_0001
[00360] To a solution of compound B-43 (1.0 g, 6.1 mmol) and triethylamine (1.4 g, 13 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (20 mL) at 0 °C was added dropwise trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (3.8 g, 13 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 1 hour and room temperature for 11 hours, then quenched with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (20 mL). The layers were separated, and the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography column [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate=10: 1] to give compound B-44 (1.0 g, 53% yield) as a yellow solid. i-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 9.07 (s, lH), 8.12 (q, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.53-7.44 (m, 3H).
[00361] Example 45B: 2-(hydroxyimino)-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-lH-inden-l-one (B-45)
Figure imgf000121_0002
[00362] To a solution of 6-methoxyindan-l-one (1.0 g, 6.2 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) at room temperature was added hydrochloric acid (1.0 mL, 12 mmol) and isoamyi nitrite (1.6 g, 14
mmol). The solution was stirred at 40 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-45 (0.80 g, 68% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.592 min., (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+ =192.1.
[00363] Example 46B: l,3-dichloro-7-methoxyisoquinoline (B-46)
Figure imgf000121_0003
B"45 B"46
[00364] To a solution of compound B-45 (5.4 g, 28 mmol) in phosphorus oxychloride (181 mL) at 0 °C was added phosphorus pentachloride (5.9 g, 28 mmol). Then hydrogen chloride gas was bubbled through the reaction until the solution was saturated. The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 12 hours, then concentrated in vacuo and added into ice water. The resulting solid was collected by filtration, washed with water (30 mL) and dried in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound B-46 (6.0 g, 93% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (M): tR=1.055 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =228.0.
[00365] Example 47B: 3-chloro-7-methoxyisoquinoline (B-47)
Figure imgf000122_0001
[00366] A mixture of compound B-46 (2.0 g, 8.8 mmol), tin (3.1 g, 26 mmol) and hydrochloric acid (4.0 mL) in acetic acid (12 mL) was stirred at 60 °C for 3 hours. On completion, the mixture was adjusted to pH = 9 with aqueous saturated ammonia (30 mL ) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (40 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound B-47 (0.70 g, 41% yield) as a brown solid. i-NMR (DMSO-t/6, 300 MHz): δ 9.08 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.89 (d, J=9 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (dd, Jl=9.3 Hz, J2=2.7 Hz, 1H).
[00367] Example 48B: 2-bromo-6-chloroquinazoline (B-48)
Figure imgf000122_0002
[00368] To a solution of 6-chloroquinazolin-2 -amine (0.20 g, 1.1 mmol) in dibromomethane (20 mL) at 25 °C was added antimony tribromide (0.80 g, 2.2 mmol) followed by tert-butyl nitrite (0.46 g, 4.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 16 hours, then filtered, diluted with dichloromethane (20 mL), washed with water (2 x 20 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-TLC [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 8: 1) to give compound B-48 (0.10 g, 23% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.709 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =242.9.
[00369] Exa -bromo-7-chloroquinazoline (B-49)
Figure imgf000122_0003
B 49
[00370] To a solution of 7-chloroquinazolin-2 -amine (0.20 g, 1.1 mmol) in dibromomethane (25 mL) at 25 °C was added antimony tribromide (0.80 g, 2.2 mmol) followed by tert-butyl nitrite (0.46 g, 4.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 16 hours, then filtered, diluted with dichloromethane (20 mL), washed with water (2 x 20 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-TLC [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 8: 1) to give compound B-49 (0.15 g, 46% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.754 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =243.0.
[00371] Example 50B: 6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(lH,3H)-dione (B-50)
Figure imgf000122_0004
B"50 [00372] A mixture of methyl 2-amino-5 -methyl -thiophene-3-carboxylate (3.0 g, 18 mmol) and urea (5.3 g, 88 mmol) was stirred at 200 °C for 3 hours. On completion, the reaction was diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue purified by silica gel chromatography [dichloromethane: methanol = 10: 1] to give compound B-50 (3.0 g, 94% yield) as a black solid. LCMS (J): tR=0.122 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =183.0.
[00373] Example 51B: 2,4-dichloro-6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine (B-51)
Figure imgf000123_0001
B"50 B"51
[00374] A mixture of compound B-50 (2.0 g, 11 mmol) and dimethylaniline (1.9 g, 16 mmol) in phosphorus oxychloride (272 mL) was stirred at 80 °C for 12 hours. On completion, the mixture was concentrated, poured into water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 50 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography
[petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 5: 1] to give compound B-51 (0.50 g, 21% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (J): tR= 1.221 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =241.2
[00375] Example 52B: 2-chloro-6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine (B-52)
Figure imgf000123_0002
B"51 B"52
[00376] A mixture of compound B-51 (0.45 g, 2.1 mmol), zinc (1.1 g, 16 mmol) and aqueous ammonia (0.40 mL, 10 mmol, 27%) in ethanol (5.0 mL) was stirred at 80 °C for 3 hours. On completion, the mixture was filtered, concentrated in vacuo, dissolved in water (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 50 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (30 mL), dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound B-52 (0.16 g, 42% yield) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 8.82 (s, IH), 6.98 (d, J=1.2 Hz, IH), 2.64 (s, 3H).
[00377] Example 53B: l-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)ethanone oxime (B-53)
Figure imgf000123_0003
[00378] To a solution of l-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)ethanone (4.0 g, 20 mmol) in ethanol (50 mL) at room temperature was added hydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.5 g, 50 mmol) and pyridine (4.0 g, 50 mmol). The mixture was stirred at reflux for 16 hours, then concentrated in vacuo, diluted with water (40 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. Two products were observed by TLC, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography
[petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20: 1] to isolate the lower polarity compound B-53 (2.4 g, 56% yield) as a yellow solid: i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 6.92 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 2.07 (s, 3H).
[00379] Exampl -(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)acetamide (B-54)
Figure imgf000124_0001
[00380] To a solution of compound B-53 (2.4 g, 11 mmol) in ether (30 mL) at 0 °C was added phosphorus pentachloride (2.7 g, 13mmol). The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 2 hour and at 25 °C for 14 hours, then poured into ice water (200 mL), adjusted to pH 7 with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound
B-54 (1.8 g, 75% yield) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (DMSO-t/6, 400 MHz): δ 11.4 (s, 1H), 6.95 (d,
J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 2.06 (s, 3H).
[00381] Exa -bromo-6-chlorothieno[2,3-b]pyridine (B-55)
Figure imgf000124_0002
B 54 B 55
[00382] To a mixture of anhydrous N, N - dimethylformamide (0.60 g, 8.2 mmol) in anhydrous 1,2-dichloroethane ( 5 mL) at 0 °C was added phosphorus oxychloride (5.0 g, 33 mmol) followed by a solution of compound B-54 (1.8 g, 8.2 mmol) in anhydrous 1,2-dichloroethane ( 20 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes and at 100 °C for 16 hours, then poured into ice water (100 mL), adjusted to pH 9 with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and extracted with dichloromethane (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 50: 1] to give compound B-55 (0.35 g, 17% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 250.0, tR=0.871.
[00383] Example 56B: 6-chloro-2-methylth ,3-b]pyridine (B-56)
Figure imgf000124_0003
16
B 56 [00384] To a mixture of compound B-55 (0.20 g, 0.80 mmol), potassium methyltrifluoroborate (0.10 g, 0.80 mmol) and potassium carbonate (0.28 g, 2.0 mmol) in dioxane (20 mL) and water (2 mL) under nitrogen was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (93 mg, 0.08 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 16 hours, then diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-TLC [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20: 1] to give compound B-56 (90 mg, 51% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 184.1, tR=0.839.
[00385] Example -bromo-2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophene (B-57)
Figure imgf000125_0001
B 57
[00386] To a solution of 6-bromobenzo[b]thiophene (1.0 g, 4.7 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) at -78 °C was added lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in THF and n-heptane, 2.6 mL, 5.2 mmol). The mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 0.5 hour, and then N-chlorosuccinimide (0.94 g, 7.0 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at -78 °C for another 1.5 hours, then quenched with water (20 mL) at 0 °C and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (2 x 30 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-C; Column: Daiso 250 x 50mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 50-75% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1%TFA, v/v)] and lyophilized to give
compound B-57 (0.3 g, 26%) as a brown solid. i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.00 (s, 1H), 7.64 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (dd, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (s, 1H)
[00387] Examp -bromo-2-fluorobenzo[b]thiophene (B-58)
Figure imgf000125_0002
B 58
[00388] To a solution of 6-bromobenzothiophene (5.0 g, 23 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (50 mL) at - 60 °C was added slowly lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 23 mL, 46 mmol). The mixture was stirred at -30 °C for 1 hour, and then N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (22 g, 70 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (30 mL) was added at -60 °C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours, then quenched with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetae (2 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [100% petroleum ether] to give compound B-58 (1.2 g, crude) as a white solid.
[00389] Example 59B: 6-bromo-2,3-difluorobenzo[b]thiophene (B-59)
Figure imgf000126_0001
[00390] To a mixture of compound B-58 (1.0 g, crude) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) at -60 °C was added slowly lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 4.5 mL). The mixture was stirred at - 30 °C for 1 hour, and then N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (4.2 g, 13 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (30 mL) was at -60 °C. The solution was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours, then quenched with water (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetae (2 x 30 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [100% petroleum ether] to give compound B-59 (0.80 g, 14% yield for two steps) as a white solid.
[00391] Example 60B: methyl 6-chloro-3-methylbenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (B-60)
Figure imgf000126_0002
[00392] To a solution of l-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)ethanone (7.0 g, 41mmol) and potassium carbonate (11 g, 81 mmol) in dimethyl formamide (50 mL) at 25 °C was added methyl thioglycolate (7.3 g, 69 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 5 hours, then diluted with water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 40 mL). The combined organic phases were concentrated in vauo to give compound B-60(8 g, crude) as a yellow solid.
[00393] Example 61B: 6-chloro-3-methylbenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (B-61)
Figure imgf000126_0003
[00394] To a solution of compound B-60 (3 g, 12.5 mmol) in ethanol (15 mL) and water (3 mL) was added sodium hydroxide (1.5 g, 37.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 2 hours, then acidified to pH 3 with hydrochloric acid (1 M, 10 mL). The resulting solid was collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to give compound B-61 (1.5 g, 53% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (J): tR=0.84 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =227.1.
[00395] Example 62B: 6-chloro-3-methylbenzo[b]thiophene(B-62)
Figure imgf000126_0004
[00396] To a solution of compound B-61 (1.5 g, 6.6 mmol) in dimethylsulfoxide (15 mL) under nitrogen was added silver carbonate (0.18 g, 0.66 mmol) and acetic acid (0.019 mL, 0.33 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 150 °C for 5 hours, then diluted with hydrochloric acid (1 M, 10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic phase was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate=3: 1] to give compound B-62 (0.4 g, 33% yield) as a colourless oil. GCMS: tR=8.87 min., (EI) m/z (M) =147.1.
[00397] Example 63B: 3-chloro-6-methylisoquinoline (B-63)
Figure imgf000127_0001
To a solution of l,3-dichloro-6-methylisoquinoline (0.80 g, 3.8 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (80 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added [l, l'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene] dichloropalladium(ii) (0.14 g, 0.19 mmol), sodium borohydride (0.24 g, 6.4 mmol) and
tetramethylethylenediamine (0.74 g, 6.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours, then diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 100: 1] to give compound B- 63 (0.50 g, 74% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.790 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =178.1.
[00398] -[(3,4-difluorophenyl)methyl]-2,2-dimethoxy-acetamide (B-64)
Figure imgf000127_0002
[00399] A mixture of (3,4-difluorophenyl) methanamine (2.0 g, 14 mmol) and methyl 2,2- dimethoxyacetate (3.8 g, 28 mmol) was stirred at 140 °C for 1 hour in the microwave. On completion, the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane (20 mL) and concentrated in vacuo to give crude compound B-64 (4.3 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (E): tR=0.596 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =246.1.
[00400] Example 65B: 6,7-difluoroisoquinolin-3-ol (B-65)
Figure imgf000127_0003
[00401] A solution of compound B-64 (13 g, 53 mmol) in concentrated sulfuric acid (100 mL) was stirred at 25 °C for 5 hours. On completion, the solution was poured slowly into ice-water (600 mL), then at 0 °C neutralized to pH 6-7 with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The resulting yellow solid was was collected by filtration to give compound B-65 (2.1 g, crude). LCMS (E):
tR=0.483 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+=182.0.
[00402] Example 66B: (6,7-difluoro-3-isoquinolyl) trifluoromethanesulfonate (B-66)
Figure imgf000128_0001
B 85 B"ee
[00403] To a solution of compound B-65 (1.0 g, 5.5 mmol) and triethylamine (1.5 mL, 11 mmol) in dichloromethane (30 mL) at 25 °C was added dropwise trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (1.8 mL, 11 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 16 hours, then washed with water (2 x 30 mL), dried over over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound B-66 (1.0 g, 57.79% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (E): tR=0.856 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) =314.0; T-I-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.11 (s, IH), 8.12 (t, J=7.6 Hz, IH), 7.96 (t, J=7.6 Hz, IH), 7.85 (s, IH).
[00404] Example 67B: N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethoxyacetamide (B-67)
Figure imgf000128_0002
[00405] A mixture of (3,4-dichlorophenyl)methanamine (2.0 g, 11 mmol) and methyl 2,2- dimethoxyacetate (3.1 g, 23 mmol) was stirred at 140 °C for 1 hour in the microwave. The solution was diluted with dichloromethane (40 mL) and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-67 (4.5 g, crude) as a yellow gum. LCMS (J): tR = 1.290 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 278.0.
[00406] Example 68B: 6,7-dichloroisoquinolin-3-ol (B-68)
Figure imgf000128_0003
[00407] A mixture of compound B-67 (9 g, crude) in concentrated sulfuric acid (30 mL) was stirred at 25 °C for 5 hours. On completion, the mixture was poured into ice-water (500 mL), filtered and adjusted to pH 9 with aqueous sodium hydroxide (2 M). The resulting solid was collected by filtration and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 3: 1] to give compound B-68 (2.0 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR = 0.648 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 214.0.
[00408] E -dichloroiso uinolin-3- l trifluoromethane sulfonate B-69)
Figure imgf000128_0004
B"68 B"69
[00409] To a solution of compound B-68 (2 g, crude), triethylamine (2.4 g, 23.6 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 mL) at 25 °C was added dropwise trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (6.7 g, 23.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 12 hours, then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 20: 1] to give compound B-69 (0.40 g, 5% yield over 3 steps) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): 9.09 (s, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H).
[00410] Exa -bromo-2-chlorobenzofuran (B-70)
Figure imgf000129_0001
[00411] To a solution of 6-bromobenzofuran ( 1.0 g, 5.1 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) at -78 °C under nitrogen was added dropwise lithium diisopropylamide (2.0 M in n-heptane, 3.1 mL, 6.2 mmol). The mixture was stirred at at -78 °C for 30 min, and then hexachloroethane (1.2 g, 5.1 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred at -78 °C for another one hour, then poured into water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 30 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 1:0] to give compound B-70 (0.36 g, 28% yield) as a colorless oil. ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (dd, Hz, J2=1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (s, 1H).
[00412] Example 71B: (6-bromobenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)boronic acid (B-71)
Figure imgf000129_0002
B 71
[00413] To a mixture of 6-bromobenzo[b]thiophene (2.0 g, 9.4 mmol) in anhydrous
tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) at -70°C was added dropwise lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in
tetrahydrofuran, 7.1 mL, 14 mmol). The mixture was stirred at -70°C for 1 hour. Then triisopropyl borate (3.5 g, 19 mmol) was added, and the solution was stirred at -70 °C for 2 hours. Then sulfuric acid (1.9 g, 19 mmol) was added slowly. The solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, then diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-71 (2.2 g, crude) as a white oil.
[00414] -bromo-2- trifluoromethyl)benzo[b]thiophen
Figure imgf000129_0003
[00415] To a mixture of compound B-71 (1.0 g, 3.9 mmol), sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate (1.8 g, 12 mmol) and copper (I) chloride (0.39 g, 3.9 mmol) in methanol/dichloromethane/water (5:5:4, 28 mL) at room temperature was added slowly tert-butyl hydroperoxide (1.8 g, 19 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, then quenched with sodium sulfite, concentrated in vacuo to remove most of organic solvent, diluted with water (50 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (2 x 80 mL). The combined organic layers was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [100% petroleum ether] to give compound B-72 (0.70 g, 58% yield for two steps) as a yellow oil.
[00416] Example 73B: 5-bromo-N-methyl-2-nitroaniline (B-73)
Figure imgf000130_0001
[00417] To a solution of 4-bromo-2-fluoro-l -nitrobenzene (5.0 g, 22.7 mmol) in N,N- dimethylformamide (80 mL) was added methylamine (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 22.7 mL) and potassium carbonate (3.93 g, 28.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours, then poured into water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 150 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-73 (4.0 g, 77% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.777 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =231.0. ¾-NMR (CD3C1, 400 MHz): δ 8.03 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (dd, Ji=1.2 Hz, J2=1.2 Hz, 1H), 3.02 (s, 3H).
[00418] Example 74B: S-bromo-N^methylbenzene-l^-diamine (B-74)
Figure imgf000130_0002
B"73 B"74
[00419] To a solution of compound B-73 (2.5 g, 10.8 mmol) in ethanol ( 100 mL) and water (75 mL) was added iron powder (3.6 g, 65 mmol) and ammonium chloride (3.5 g, 65 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 13 hours, then concentrated in vacuo to remove ethanol, diluted with water (30 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 90 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-74 (2.1 g, crude) as a brown oil. LCMS (B): tR=0.468 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =201.0.
[00420] Exam
Figure imgf000130_0003
[00421] A solution of compound B-74 (1.8 g, 9.0 mmol) in acetic acid (27 mL) was stirred at 1 18 °C for 3 hours, then diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 60 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 1 :0 to 3 : 1] to give compound B-75 (1.6 g, 77 % yield) as a red solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.291 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =225.0.1H-NMR (CD3C1, 400 MHz): δ 7.54 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H),
7.44 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (dd, J^l .6 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 2.60 (s, 3H).
[00422] Example 76B: 6-methyl-lH-quinazoline-2,4-dione (B-76)
Figure imgf000131_0001
[00423] 2-amino-5 -methyl -benzoic acid (10 g, 66 mmol) and urea (14 g, 230 mmol) were stirred at 200 °C for 2 hours. On completion the mixture was poured into water (100 mL) and stirred for 10 hours. The resulting solid was collected by filtration and dried in vacuum to give compound B- 76 (8.0 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (E): tR=0.472 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 177.1.
[00424] Example 77B: 2,4-dichloro-6-methyl-quinazoline (B-77)
Figure imgf000131_0002
[00425] To a solution of compound B-76 (8.0 g, crude) in phosphorus oxychloride (0.24 L, 400 g, 2.6 mol) at room temperature was added dropwise N,N-dimethylaniline (5.7 mL, 5.5 g, 0.45 mol). The mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 2 hours, then poured into ice-water (500 mL). The resulting solid was collected by filtration and dried in vacuum to give compound B-77 (4 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (E): tR=0.794 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =213.0
[00426] Example 78B: 2-chloro-6-methyl-quinazoline (B-78)
Figure imgf000131_0003
[00427] To a mixture of compound B-77 (1.9 g, 8.9 mmol) and ammonium hydroxide (9.1 g, 0.26 mol, 10 mL) in saturated aqueous sodium chloride (20 mL) and dichloromethane (30 mL) was added zinc powder (1.8 g, 27 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 5 hours, then poured into water (500 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (3 x 300 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (2 x 500 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate=10: 1 to 5: 1] to give compound B-78 (500 mg, 31% yield) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): 9.23 (s, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 2.60 (s, 3H).
[00428] Example 79B: 7-methylquinazoline-2,4(lH,3H)-dione (B-79)
Figure imgf000132_0001
[00429] A mixture of 2-amino-4-methyl-benzoic acid (5 g, 33 mmol) and urea (8 g, 0.13 mol) was heated with stirring to 200 °C in a round-bottom flask open to the atmosphere for 0.5 hour. The mixture was cooled and added to water (50 mL). The resulting solid was collected by filtration to give compound B-79 (3.5 g, crude) as a white solid. LCMS (E): tR=0.504 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =177.1. IH-NMR (DMSO, 400 MHz): 11.17 (s, IH), 11.09 (s, IH), 7.77 (d, J=8.0 Hz, IH), 7.00 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1 H),6.95 (s, IH), 2.36 (s, 3H).
[00430] Example 80B: 2,4-dichloro-7-methylquinazoline (B-80)
Figure imgf000132_0002
B"79 B"80
[00431] To a solution of compound B-79 (3.0 g, crude) in phosphorus oxychloride (31 g, 0.2 mmol) at room temperature was added dropwise N,N-dimethylaniline (2.1 g, 17 mmol). The mixture was heated to 140 °C for 3 hours, then poured into ice-water (100 mL). The resulting solid was collected by filtration and purified by silica gel chromatography (petroleum ether) to give compound B-80 (1.80 g, 45% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (E): tR=0.830 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =213.1 1H- NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): 8.14 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.77 (s, IH), 7.56 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 2.62 (s, 3H).
[00432] Example 81B: 2-chloro-7-methylquinazoline (B-81)
Figure imgf000132_0003
B"80 B 81
[00433] To a solution of compound B-80 (1 g, 4.7 mmol) in dichloromethane (15 mL) was added saturated aqueous sodium chloride (10 mL), ammonium hydroxide (27%, 4.6 g, 35 mmol) and zinc powder (0.92 g, 14 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 3 hours, then filtered and
concentrated in vacuum. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL), washed with water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate=100: 1] to give compound B-81 (315 mg, 34% yield) as s yellow solid. IH-NMR (DMSO-£¾, 400 MHz): 9.52 (s, IH), 8.12 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.77 (s, IH), 7.66 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 2.58 (s, 3H).
[00434] Example 82B: l-(2-(benzylthio)-4-bromophenyl)ethanone (B-82)
Figure imgf000133_0001
[00435] To a solution of potassium tert-butoxide (0.52 g, 4.6 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (36 mL) at room temperature was added dropwise a solution of phenylmethanethiol (0.54 mL, 4.6 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (6 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 mins, and l-(4-bromo-2- fluoro-phenyl)ethanone ( 1.0 g, 4.6 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for another 1 hour, then quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 40 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (3 x 20 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 50: 1] to give compound B-82 ( 1.1 g, 72% yield) as a white solid. i-NMR (CD3C1, 400 MHz): δ 7.66 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 7.55 (d, J=1.2 Hz, IH), 7.40 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.35-7.28 (m, 4H), 4.13 (s, 2H), 2.58 (s, 3H).
[00436] Ex -bromo-3-methylbenzo[<f]isothiazole (B-83)
Figure imgf000133_0002
B 82
[00437] To a solution of compound B-82 ( 1.1 g, 3.3 mmol) in dichloromethane ( 10 mL) at room temperature was added dropwise sulfuryl chloride (0.33 mL, 3.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour, then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in
tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) and treated with a saturated solution of ammonia in ethanol (10 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (3 x 20 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 30: 1] to give compound B-83 (0.50 g, 66% yield) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (CD3C1, 400 MHz): δ 8.09 (d, J=1.2 Hz, IH), 7.79 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 7.55 (dd, J^l .2 Hz, J2=1.2 Hz, IH), 2.74 (s, 3H).
[00438] Example 84B: 6-bromo-3-chlorobenzofuran (B-84-1) and 6-bromo-3,5- dichlorobenzofuran (B-84-2)
Figure imgf000133_0003
[00439] Chlorine gas was bubbled through a solution of 6-bromobenzofuran (0.50 g, 2.54 mmol) in acetic acid (6 mL) at 0 °C for 0.5 hours. The mixture was concentrated and added to a solution of potassium hydroxide (1.29 g, 23.0 mmol) in ethanol (23 mL). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 18 hours, then partially concentrated in vacuo, neutralized to pH 7 with hydrochloric acid (6 N) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo and purified by column chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 100: 1] to give a mixture of compound B-84-1 and compound B-84-2 (0.6 g, ratio of products 1:2.3 by GCMS) as a white solid. GCMS (B): tR = 4.910 min, (ES+) m/z = 231.9. and GCMS (B): tR= 5.752 min, (ES+) m/z = 265.9.
[00440] Exa
Figure imgf000134_0001
[00441] To a solution of l-(4-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethanone (5.0 g, 23.3 mmol) in N,N- dimethylformamide (50 mL) was added potassium carbonate (6.4 g, 46.5 mmol) and methyl 2- bromoacetate (3.9 g, 25.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 12 hours, then diluted with ethyl acetate (400 mL) and washed with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate (4 x 50 mL) and brine (2 x 50 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 40: 1 to 20: 1) to give
compound B-85 (0.7 g, 53% purity, 6% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR = 0.769 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 287.1.
[00442] E -(2-acetyl-5-bromophenoxy)acetic acid (B-86)
Figure imgf000134_0002
[00443] To a solution of compound B-85 (0.69 g, 2.4 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (6 mL) and water (2 mL) at 25 °C was added sodium hydroxide (0.21g, 5.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 12 hours, then concentrated in vacuo to remove tetrahydrofuran, diluted with water (90 mL), washed with ethyl acetate (3 x 10 mL), adjusted to pH 2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (3 x 10 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under in vacuo to give compound B-86 (0.69 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (Y): tR = 0.739 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 273.1.
[00444] Exampl -bromo-3-methylbenzofuran (B-87)
Figure imgf000134_0003
[00445] A mixture of compound B-86 (0.68 g, crude) and sodium acetate (0.51 g, 6.3 mmol) in acetic anhydride (10 mL) was stirred at 80 °C for 12 hours. On completion, the mixture was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether] to give compound B-87 (0.38 g, 8% yield over 2 steps) as colorless oil. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.40-7.35 (m, 3H), 2.23 (s, 1H).
[00446] Example 88B: 2-chloro-5-iodopyrimidin-4(3H)-one (B-88)
Figure imgf000135_0001
B"88
[00447] To a solution of 2,4-dichloro-5-iodo-pyrimidine ( 1.0 g, 3.6 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was added sodium hydroxide (I N, 15 mL). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 2 hours, then poured into water ( 100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (4 x 50 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (2 x 100 mL), dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-88 (0.6 g, 64% yield) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (MeOD, 400 MHz): 8.40 (s, 1H), 7.85(s, 1H).
[00448] Example 89B: 2-chloro-6-methyl-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (B-89)
Figure imgf000135_0002
[00449] A solution of compound B-88 (600 mg, 2.3 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(O) ( 135 mg, 0.12 mmol), cuprous iodide (45 mg, 0.23 mmol) and tributyl (prop- 1 - ynyl)stannane (1.5 g, 2.7 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (6 mL) was stirred at 1 10 °C for 1 hour under nitrogen in the microwave. On completion, the mixture was poured into water (60 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 45 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound B-89 ( 120 mg, 30 % yield) as a yellow soild. ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.74 (s, 1H), 6.49 (s, 1H), 2.55 (s, 3H).
[00450] Example 90B: 6-bromo-3-chlorobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (B-90)
Figure imgf000135_0003
[00451] To a solution of 6-bromobenzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid (5.0 g, 20 mmol) in tetrahydropyran ( 100 mL) at -70 °C under nitrogen was added lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in THF, 100 mL). The mixture was stirred for 1 hour, and then N-chlorosuccinimide (26 g, 195 mmol) was added at -70 °C. The solution was stirred for 0.5 hour, then quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 60 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (3 x 40 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-90 (3.5 g, 40% purity, 61 % yield) as a brown solid.
[00452] Example 91B: 6-bromo-3-chloro-lH-indene (B-91)
Figure imgf000136_0001
[00453] To a solution of compound B-90 (3.5 g, 4.8 mmol, 40% purity) in dimethyl sulfoxide (30 mL) was added silver carbonate (1.32 g, 4.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 4 hours, then diluted with water (20 mL), filtered, adjusted to pH 9 with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined orangic phase was concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether] to give compound B-91 (0.50 g, 33% yield) as a white solid. GCMS: tR=5.897 min., (ES+) m/z (M)+ =247.9.
[00454] Examp -(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (B-92)
Figure imgf000136_0002
B 92
[00455] To a solution of 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (5.0 g, 25 mmol) in N,N- dimethylformamide (30 mL) was added trimethyl(trifluoromethyl)silane (4.2 g, 30 mmol) and potassium carbonate (0.34 g, 2.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Then hydrochloric acid (1 M, 37 mL) was added dropwise to the solution. The mixture was stirred for another 4 hours, then extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (5 x 20 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-92 (6.7 g, crude) as a yellow oil. TLC [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20: 1]: Rf = 0.10.
[00456] Example 93B: l-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone (B-93)
Figure imgf000136_0003
B 92 B 93
[00457] To a solution of compound B-92 (6.7 g, 25 mmol) in dichloromethane (150 mL) was added l,l, l-triacetoxy-l, l-dihydro-l,2-benziodoxol-3(lH)-one (39 g, 91 mmol) and sodium bicarbonate (8.3 g, 98 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, then poured into saturated aqueous sodium sulfite (40 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20: 1] to give compound B-93 (5.0 g, 75% yield for two steps) as a light yellow oil. TLC [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1]: Rf = 0.22.
[00458] Example 94B: methyl 6-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[6]thiophene-2-carboxylate (B- 94)
Figure imgf000137_0001
B 94
[00459] To a solution of compound B-93 (5.0 g, 12 mmol) in acetonitrile (50 mL) was added methyl 2-mercaptoacetate (1.4 g, 13 mmol) and triethylamine (1.6 g, 16 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 4 hours, then concentrated in vacuo to remove acetonitrile, diluted with water (50 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 100: 1] to give compound B-94 (2.7 g, 50% yield) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 8.03 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J!=8.8 Hz, J2=1.6 Hz, 1H), 3.99 (s, 3H).
[00460] E -bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[6]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (B-95)
Figure imgf000137_0002
[00461] To a solution of compound B-94 (1.5 g, 4.4 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) and water (4 mL) was added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.37 g, 8.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 1 hour, then adjusted to pH 5.0 with 1 N hydrochloric acid, diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-95 (1.3 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR=0.906 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =326.8.
[00462] Example 96B: 6-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[6]thiophene (B-96)
Figure imgf000137_0003
[00463] To a solution of compound B-95 (1.3 g, 4.0 mmol) in dimethylsulfoxide (10 mL) was added silver carbonate (0.11 g, 4.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 130 °C for 12 hours, then poured into water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 500: 1] to give compound B-96 (0.7 g, 56% yield) as a colourless oil. ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.24 (s, IH), 8.21 (s, IH), 7.80 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (dd, J!=8.8 Hz, J2=1.6 Hz, 1H).
[00464] Example 97B: 6-bromo-3-fluorobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (B-97)
Figure imgf000137_0004
[00465] To a solution of 6-bromobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (20 g, 78 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (200 mL) at -70 °C was added dropwise lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 195 mL, 0.39 mol). The mixture was stirred at -70 °C for 1 hour, and then N- fluorobenzenesulfonimide (123 g, 0.39mol) in tetrahydrofuran (200 mL) was added. The mixture was allowed to room temperature and stirred for 15 hours, then quenched with water (300 mL), adjusted to pH 3-4 with 2Ν hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 500 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography [ethyl acetate: methanol = 100: 1 to 10: 1) to give compound B-97 (20 g, crude) as a brown solid.
[00466] Example 98B: 6-bromo-3-fluorobenzo[b]thiophene (B-98)
Figure imgf000138_0001
[00467] To a solution of compound B-97 (20 g, crude) in dimethyl sulfoxide (300 mL) was added silver carbonate (2.0 g, 7.3 mmol) and acetic acid (0.23 g, 3.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 130
°C for 48 hours, then diluted with water (500 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 500 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [100% petroleum ether] twice to give compound B-98 (1 g, 6% yield for two steps) as an oil.
[00468] Example 99B: 6-bromo-2-chloro-3-fluorobenzo[b]thiophene (B-99)
Figure imgf000138_0002
[00469] To a solution of compound B-98 (1 g, 4.3 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) at -70 °C was added dropwise lithium diisopropylamide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 3.3 mL, 6.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at -70 °C for 1 hour, and then hexachloroethane (1.0 g, 4.3 mmol) in
tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred for another 1 hour, then quenched with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [100% petroleum ether] to give compound B-99 (0.40 g, 35% yield) as a white solid.
[00470] Example 100B: N-(4-chloro-3-fluorobenzyl)-2, 2-dimethoxyacetamide (B-100)
Figure imgf000138_0003
[00471] A mixture of (4-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)methanamine (2.0 g, 12.5 mmol) and methyl 2,2- dimethoxyacetate (3.4 g, 25.1 mmol) was stirred at 140 °C for 1 hour in microwave. On completion, the reaction was diluted with dichloromethane (200 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure to give compound B-100 (4.9 g, crude) as a yellow gum. LCMS (B): tR = 0.665 min., (ES ) m/z (M+H) + = 262.0.
[00472] Example 101B: 6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-ol (B-101)
Figure imgf000139_0001
B 100 B 101
[00473] Compound B-100 (14 g, crude) was added to concentrated sulfuric acid (50 mL) at 25 °C. The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 4 hours, then poured into ice-water (1.5 L), filtered, adjusted to pH 9 with aqueous sodium hydroxide (2 M) and extracted with ethyl acetate (4 x 400 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (2 x 300 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-101 (14.0 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR = 0.586 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 198.0.
[00474] Example 102B: 6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (B-102)
Figure imgf000139_0002
B 101 B 102
[00475] To a solution of compound B-101 (13.8 g, crude) and triethylamine (28.3 g, 279.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) at 25 °C was added dropwise trifluoromethane sulfonic anhydride (78.8 g, 279.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 12 hours, then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 20: 1) to give compound B-102 (8.0 g, 76% purity, 33% yield over 3 steps) as a brown oil. LCMS (B): tR = 1.073 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 329.9; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): 9.10 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (d, J = 9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H).
[00476] Example 103B: N-(3-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethoxyacetamide (B-103)
Figure imgf000139_0003
[00477] A mixture of (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)methanamine (2.0 g, 13 mmol) and methyl 2,2- dimethoxyacetate (1.7 g, 13 mmol) was stirred at 140 °C for 1 hour in microwave. On completion, the mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-103 (3.3 g, crude) as a yellow gum. LCMS (B): tR = 0.711 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 262.2.
[00478] Example 104B: 7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-ol (B-104)
Figure imgf000140_0001
B"103 B"104
[00479] Compound B-103 (9.8 g, crude) was added to concentrated sulfuric acid (100 mL) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, then poured into ice- water (500 mL) and adjusted to pH 10 with aqueous sodium hydroxide (2 M), resulting in formation of a solid. The solid was collected by filration and dried in vacuo to give compound B-104 (5.0 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR = 0.585 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 198.0.
[00480] Example 105B: 7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (B-105)
Figure imgf000140_0002
B"104 B"105
[00481] To a solution of compound B-104 (5.0 g, 25 mmol) and triethylamine (10 g, 0.10 mol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) at room temperature was added dropwise trifluoromethane sulfonic anhydride (29 g, 0.10 mol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 36 hours, and then poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (2 x 100 mL x 2). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 50: 1] to give compound B-105 ( 1.0 g, 8% yield over three steps) as a white solid. LCMS (B): tR = 1.061 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 329.9; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.10 (s, 1H), 8.43 (d, J =7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (d, J = 10.0 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H).
[00482] Example 106B: 2,2-dimethoxy-N-(4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)acetamide (B-106)
Figure imgf000140_0003
[00483] A mixture of (4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methanamine (2.0 g, 11 mmol) and methyl 2,2- dimethoxyacetate (1.7 g, 13 mmol) was stirred at 140 °C for 1.5 hours in microwave. On completion, the mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-106 (3.1 g, crude) as a yellow gum. LCMS (B): tR = 0.718 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 278.0.
[00484] Example 107B: 6-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3-ol (B-107)
Figure imgf000140_0004
[00485] Compound B-106 (9.3 g, crude) was added to concentrated sulfuric acid (40 mL) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, then heated to 60 °C for another 12 hours. On completion, the mixture was poured into ice-water (500 mL) and adjusted to pH 8.0 with aqueous sodium hydroxide (2 M), resulting in formation of a solid. The solid was collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to give compound B-107 (3.7 g, crude) as a yellow solid. LCMS (B): tR = 0.630 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 214.1.
[00486] Example 108B: 6-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3-yl fonate (B-108)
HO^^^^CF3 NEt3' DCM' rt. 16 h
Figure imgf000141_0001
B"107 B"108
[00487] To a solution of compound B-107 (3.7 g, 17 mmol) and triethylamine (7.0 g, 69 mmol) in dichloromethane (40 mL) at room temperature was added dropwise 3- trifluoromethane sulfonic anhydride (20 g, 69 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, then poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (2 x 200 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 30: 1] to give compound B-108 (0.45 g, 4% yield over three steps) as a white solid. LCMS (B): tR = 0.957 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 346.0; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.29 (s, 1H), 8.49 (s, 1H), 8.41 (d, J =8.8 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.96 (dd, J!=8.8 Hz, J2=1.6 Hz, 1H).
[00488] Example 109B: methyl 5-chlorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate (B-109)
Figure imgf000141_0002
[00489] To a mixture of 2-chloro-5-hydroxyisonicotinaldehyde (4.0 g, 25 mmol) and methyl 2- bromoacetate (5.8 g, 38 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (40 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added potassium carbonate (6.9 g, 50 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 8 hours, then diluted with water (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (2 x 100 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 25: 1] to give compound B-109 (4.2 g, 79% yield) as a white solid. LCMS (E): tR=0.68 min., 212.6 m/z (M+l).
[00490] Example HOB: 5-chlorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (B-110)
UGH' Me0H/H20' rt' 2 h C02H
Figure imgf000141_0003
B"109 B"110
[00491] To a mixture of compound B-109 (3.5 g, 16 mmol) in methanol (25 mL) and water (5 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added lithium hydroxide (1.4 g, 33 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, then concentrated to remove methanol, diluted with water, and acidified to pH 4-5 with 1 M hydrochloric acid, resulting in precipitation of a solid. The solid was collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to give compound B-110 (3.0 g, 92% yield) as a white solid. Ti-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.79 (s, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.62 (s, 1H). [00492] Example 111B: 5-chlorofuro[2,3-c]pyridine (B-lll)
Figure imgf000142_0001
[00493] To a mixture of compound B-110 (1.5 g, 7.6 mmol) in dimethyl sulfoxide (15 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added silver carbonate (0.21 g, 0.76 mmol) and acetic acid (23 mg, 0.38 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 3 hours, then diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (2 x 30 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 10: 1] to give compound B- 111 (0.45 g, 39% yield) as a yellow solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 8.67 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 6.81 (s, 1H). Compound B-lll was used to prepare compounds 98-P1 and 98-P2.
[00494] Exam le 112B: methyl 6-chlorothieno[3,2-c]pyridine- -carboxylate (B-112)
Figure imgf000142_0002
[00495] To a solution of 4,6-dichloropyridine-3-carbaldehyde (6.0 g, 34 mmol) in
dichloromethane (10 mL) at 0°C were added methyl thioglycolate (3.6 g, 34 mmol) and triethylamine (6.9 g, 68 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 1 hour, then filtered and concentrated in vacuum. The residue was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (10 mL), and potassium carbonate (7.1 g, 51 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 11 hours, then diluted with water (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 60 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (2 x 30 mL), dried with anhydrous Na2S04, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 30: 1 to 10: 1] to give compound B-112 (3.5 g, 45% yield) as an off-white solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 8.99 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H).
[00496] Exa -chlorothieno[3,2-c]pyridine-2 )
Figure imgf000142_0003
[00497] To a solution of compound B-112 (3.5 g, 15 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added lithium hydroxide (1.9 g, 46 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 25 °C for 2 hours, then diluted with 0.2N hydrochloric acid (200 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (2 x 200 mL), dried with anhydrous Na2S04, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give compound B-113 (3 g, crude) as a white solid. ¾-NMR (DMSO- d6, 400 MHz): δ 9.10 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s, 1H), 8.25(s, 1H).
[00498] Example 114B: 6-chlorothieno[3,2-c]pyridine (B-114)
Figure imgf000143_0001
B 113 B 114
[00499] To a solution of compound B-113 (3.0 g, crude) in dimethylsulfoxide (15 mL) were added silver carbonate (387 mg, 1.4 mmol) and acetic acid (42 mg, 0.070 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 2 hours, then diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 30 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (3 x 20 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 5: 1] to give compound B-114 (2 g, 84% yield) as a white solid. i-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 8.91 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.52 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H).
[00500] Example -chloro-2-methyl-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine (B-115)
Figure imgf000143_0002
[00501] To a solution of diisopropylamine (4.3 g, 42 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) at -25°C under nitrogen was added n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexane, 19 mL). The mixture was stirred at -25 °C for 30 min and then cooled to -70°C. Compound B-114 (1.2 g, 7.1 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at -70°C for 30 min. Methyl iodide (13 g, 92 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at -40°C for 2 hours. On completion, the mixture was poured into water (150 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (3 x 20 mL) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by pre-HPLC [Instrument: GX-E; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 250x21.2 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-55% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% TFA, v/v)] and lyophilized to give compound B-115 (400 mg, 44% yield) as a white solid. ¾-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 8.72 (s, 1H), 7.72 (s, IH), 7.06 (s, 1H), 2.63 (s, 3H).
Compound B-115 was used to prepare compound (i?)-99.
[00502] Example -chloro-5-iodo-4-methoxy-pyridine (B-116)
Figure imgf000143_0003
[00503] To a solution of 2-chloro-4-methoxy-pyridine (10 g, 70 mmol) in concentrated sulfuric acid (50 mL) at room temperature was added a solution of N-iodosuccinimide (15.7 g, 70 mmol) in concentrated sulfuric acid (10 mL). The mixture was stirred at 55 °C for 2 hours, then diluated with water (100 mL), adjusted to pH = 9-10 by slow addition of 8 Ν aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted with dichloromethane (3 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20: 1] to give compound B-116(4 g, 21% yield) as a white solid. GC-MS: tR=6.569 min., (ES+) m/z (M)+ =268.9. [00504] Example 117B: 2-chloro-5-iodo-pyridin-4-ol (B-117)
Figure imgf000144_0001
B 1 16 B 117
[00505] To a solution of compound B-116 (4.0 g, 7.4 mmol) in acetic acid (30 mL) was added hydrogen bromide (40% in water, 23 g, 11 lmmol). The vessel was sealed and heated to 110 °C for 4 hours. On completion, the mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in methanol (20 mL) and triethylamine ( 20 mL), concentrated again in vacuo and purified by silica gel chromatography [dichloromethane: methanol = 30: 1] to give compound B-117 (3.0 g, 75% yield) as a white solid. Ti-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.33 (s, IH), 6.73 (s, IH).
[00506] Example 118B: 6-chloro-2-methyl-furo[3,2-c]pyridine (B-118)
Figure imgf000144_0002
B"1 17
[00507] A solution of compound B-117 (0.90 g, 3.5 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (68 mg, 0.059 mmol), cuprous iodide (22 mg, 0.12 mmol) and tributyl(prop-l-ynyl)stannane (773 mg, 2.4 mmol) in dimethyl formamide (12 mL) was stirred at 110 °C for 1 hour under nitrogen in the micwave. On completion, the mixture was poured into water (60 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x
45mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography [petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 50: 1] to give compound B-118 (240 mg, 41% yield) as yellow soild. ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.53 (s, IH), 7.38 (s, IH), 6.43 (s, IH), 2.49 (s, 3H). Compound fills was used to prepare compound (i?)-100.
[00508] General Procedure A: Synthesis of N-substituted 4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amines . R
Figure imgf000144_0003
[00509] A 8 mL vial with septum was charged with compound (R)-A-2, (<S)-A-2, or rac-A-2 (1.05 eq.), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0.08 eq.), 9,9-dimethyl-4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene (0.12 eq.), halide (1.00 eq.), and degassed 1,4-dioxane.
Subsequently, sodium tert-butoxide (2.00 eq.) was added, and the reaction mixture was subjected to three cycles of evacuation-backfilling with argon and heated to 100 °C for the indicated number of hours. [00510] The reaction mixtures were worked up as indicated and purified by column chromatography [chloroform: 7M NH3 in methanol = 1 :0 to 9: 1] to give enantiomerically pure or racemic product. Racemic products were further purified by preparative chiral HPLC.
[00511] Chiral Separation:
[00512] A solution of racemic product in a minimal amount of solvent was separated by preparative chiral HPLC using the indicated conditions. Each set of collected fractions was concentrated at room temperature, taken up in methanol and purified by SCX chromatography. The resulting products were lyophilized to give each enantiomer of the final product.
[00513] ine (rac-1)
Figure imgf000145_0001
rac A 2 rac 1
[00514] Compound rac-1 (73 mg, 54% yield) was prepared from compound rac- A-2 (100 mg, 0.60 mmol) according to general procedure A using 3 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with THF (10 mL), filtered, concentrated and further purified according to general procedure A.
[00515] Chiral Separation:
[00516] Compound rac-1 (73 mg, 0.3 mmol) in 2.4 mL of acetonitrile was separated by preparative chiral HPLC [Instrument: cHPLCl, Flow: 18mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C, Chiralpak IA, 20 x 250 mm, 5μ, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 7/3) to give:
N-phenyl -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine enantiomer 1
(compound 1-Pl) (22 mg, 16% yield) as a white solid: cHPLC analytical (4): tR=9.864 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=2.901 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 258.2; ¾NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 7.41 - 7.21 (m, 4H), 7.04 - 6.94 (m, 1H), 5.88 (s, lH), 3.35 - 3.12 (m, 2H), 3.04 - 2.58 (m, 6H), 2.29 - 2.10 (m, 1H), 2.09 - 1.99 (m, 1H), 1.76 - 1.33 (m, 3H); and
N-phenyl -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine enantiomer2
(compound 1-P2) (22 mg, 16% yield) as a white solid: cHPLC analytical (4): tR=23.180 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=2.900 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 258.2; ¾NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 7.45 - 7.24 (m, 4H), 7.04 - 6.93 (m, 1H), 5.87 (s, lH), 3.36 - 3.16 (m, 2H), 3.07 - 2.62 (m, 6H), 2.30 - 2.11 (m, 1H), 2.11 - 1.96 (m, 1H), 1.80 - 1.23 (m, 3H).
[00517] Example 2: N-(isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine (rac-2)
Figure imgf000146_0001
rac 2
[00518] Compound rac-2 (127 mg, 78% yield) was prepared from compound rac- -2 (100 mg, 0.60 mmol) according to general procedure A using 3 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 2 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the residue was further purified according to general procedure A.
[00519] Chiral Separation:
[00520] Compound rac-2 Υ1Ί mg, 0.4 mmol) in 2.0 mL of methanol/chloroform (4: 1) was separated by preparative chiral HPLC [Instrument: cHPLC l, Flow: 18mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C, Column: Chiralpak IC, 20 x 250 mm, 5μ, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 7/3] to give:
N-(isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine enantiomerl (compound 2-P1) (29 mg, 17% yield) as a white fluffy solid: cHPLC analytical (1): tR=7.649 min., purity: 100%; LCMS ( 1): tR=3.174 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 309.2; ¾ NMR (300 MHz,
Chloroform- ) δ 8.92 (s, 1H), 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.66 - 7.55 (m, 1H), 7.47 - 7.34 (m, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 3.42 - 3.26 (m, 2H), 3.14 - 2.69 (m, 6H), 2.29 - 2.14 (m, 1H), 2.13 - 2.06 (m, 1H), 1.81 - 1.38 (m, 3H); and
N-(isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine enantiomer2 (compound 2-P2) (32 mg, 19% yield) as a white fluffy solid: cHPLC analytical (1): tR=9.770 min., purity: 100%; LCMS ( 1): tR=3.177 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 309.2; ¾ NMR (300 MHz,
Chloroform- ) δ 8.92 (s, 1H), 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.66 - 7.54 (m, 1H), 7.44 - 7.36 (m, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 3.43 - 3.23 (m, 2H), 3.18 - 2.66 (m, 6H), 2.31 - 2.13 (m, 1H), 2.15 - 2.04 (m, 1H), 1.81 - 1.30 (m, 3H).
[00521] Example 3: N-(benzo[t/]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine
Figure imgf000146_0002
[00522] Compound rac-3 (93 mg, 56% yield) was prepared from compound rac-A-2 (100 mg, 0.60 mmol) according to general procedure A using 3 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 2 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the residue was further purified according to general procedure A. [00523] Chiral Separation:
[00524] Compound rac-3 (93 mg, 0.3 mmol) in 3.5 mL of methanol/chloroform (4: 1) was separated by preparative chiral HPLC [Instrument: cHPLCl, Flow: 18mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C, Column: Chiralpak IC, 20 x 250 mm, 5μ, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 7/3] to give:
N-(benzo[t/]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine enantiomerl (compound 3-P1) (24 mg, 14% yield) as an off-white solid: cHPLC analytical (1): tR=6.958 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.062 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 315.2; ¾NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.89 - 7.56 (m, 2H), 7.52 - 7.31 (m, 1H), 7.31 - 7.11 (m, 2H), 3.45 - 3.21 (m, 2H), 3.12 - 2.65 (m, 6H), 2.31 - 2.12 (m, 1H), 2.08 (bs, 1H), 1.78 - 1.34 (m, 3H); and
N-(benzo[t/]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine enantiomer2 (compound 3-P2) (24 mg, 14% yield) as a white solid: cHPLC analytical (1): tR=8.376 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.068 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 315.2; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.97 - 7.55 (m, 2H), 7.49 - 7.32 (m, 1H), 7.31 - 7.18 (m, 2H), 3.43 - 3.20 (m, 2H), 3.13 - 2.64 (m, 6H), 2.30 - 2.11 (m, 1H), 2.10 - 2.04 (m, 1H), 1.81 - 1.33 (m, 3H).
[00525] Example 4: N-(6-methoxybenzo[<f]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine (rac-4)
Figure imgf000147_0001
rac
[00526] Compound rac-4 (93 mg, 51% yield) was prepared from compound rac-A-2 (100 mg, 0.60 mmol) according to general procedure A using 3 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 2 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the residue was further purified according to general procedure A.
[00527] Chiral Separation:
[00528] Compound rac-4 (93 mg, 0.3 mmol) in 2.0 mL of methanol/chloroform (4: 1) was separated by preparative chiral HPLC [Instrument: cHPLCl, Flow: 18mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C, Column: Chiralpak IC, 20 x 250 mm, 5μ, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 7/3] to give:
N-(6-methoxybenzo[ii]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine enantiomerl (compound 4-P1) (15 mg, 8% yield) as a fluffy white solid: cHPLC analytical (1): tR=8.547 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.090 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 245.0; ¾NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 7.56 (d, J= 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (s, 1H), 7.01 (d, J= 8.3 Hz, 1H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.47 - 3.21 (m, 2H), 3.10 - 2.69 (m, 6H), 2.27 - 2.11 (m, 1H), 2.07 (bs, 1H), 1.86 - 1.35 (m, 3H); and N-(6-methoxybenzo[ii]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine enantiomer2 (compound 4-P2) (28 mg, 15% yield) as a fluffy white solid: cHPLC analytical (1): tR=8.547 min., purity: 100%; LCMS ( 1): tR=3.089 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 245.0; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 7.56 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (s, 1H), 7.00 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.41 - 3.25 (m, 2H), 3.12 - 2.54 (m, 6H), 2.29 - 2.1 1 (m, 1H), 2.07 (bs, 1H), 1.79 - 1.27 (m, 3H).
[00529] Example 5: N-(lH-indazol-3-yl)-4'H-4-azaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5'-isoxazol]-3'-
Figure imgf000148_0001
[00530] Compound rac-5-int (150 mg, 36% yield) was prepared from compound rac-A-2 (203 mg, 1.1 mmol) according to general procedure A using 6 mL of 1,4-dioxane, a reaction time of 2 days and cesium carbonate (2.8 eq) instead of sodium tert-butoxide as the base. The reaction mixture was filtered, washing with methanol, concentrated and further purified according to general procedure A. LCMS ( 1): tR=3.671 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 382.2. ¾ NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 7.76 - 7.67 (m, 1H), 7.52 - 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.25 - 7.06 (m, 1H), 6.99 - 6.93 (m, 1H), 5.59 (dd, J= 9.4, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 4.12 - 3.99 (m, 1H), 3.85 - 3.53 (m, 2H), 3.40 - 3.15 (m, 2H), 3.1 1 - 2.72 (m, 5H), 2.61 - 2.39 (m, 1H), 2.27 - 1.92 (m, 4H), 1.87 - 1.36 (m, 6H).
[00531] To a solution of compound rac-5-int ( 143 mg, 0.4 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6.0 mL) was added hydrochloric acid ( 1.25 M in ethanol, 6.0 mL, 7.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Additional hydrochloric acid (1.25 M in ethanol, 3.0 mL, 3.8 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred for an additional 24 hours. Then concentrated and purified by SCX chromatography. The resulting yellow oil was dissolved in chloroform ( 1.5 ml) and purified by column chromatography [chloroform: 7M NH3 in methanol = 1 :0 to 9: 1] to afford compound rac-5 (54 mg, 48% yield). LCMS ( 1): tR=2.666 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 298.2.
[00532] Chiral Separation:
[00533] Compound rac-5 (54 mg, 0.2 mmol) in 1.3 mL of ethanol was separated by preparative chiral HPLC [Instrument: cHPLC l, Flow: 18mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C, Column: Chiralpak IC, 20 x 250 mm, 5μ, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 8/2) to give:
N-( lH-indazol-3-yl)-4'H-4-azaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5'-isoxazol]-3'-amine enantiomerl (compound-5-Pl) (16 mg, 14% yield) as a white fluffy solid: cHPLC analytical (2): tR=18.474 min., purity: 100%; LCMS ( 1): tR=2.666 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 298.2; ¾ NMR (300 MHz,
Chloroform- ) δ 9.46 (bs, 1H), 7.77 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.41 - 7.33 (m, 2H), 7.22 - 7.07 (m, 1H), 3.63 (d, J= 16.7 Hz, 1H), 3.39 - 3.22 (m, 2H), 3.10 - 2.68 (m, 5H), 2.27 - 2.04 (m, 2H), 1.73 - 1.53 (m, 3H), 1.52 - 1.35 (m, 1H); and
N-(lH-indazol-3-yl)-4'H-4-azaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5'-isoxazol]-3'-amine enantiomer2 (compound-5-P2) (14 mg, 12% yield) as a white fluffy solid: cHPLC analytical (2): tR=25.355 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=2.650 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 298.2; ¾ NMR (300 MHz,
Chloroform- ) δ 9.42 (bs, 1H), 7.76 (d, J= 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.45 - 7.33 (m, 2H), 7.20 - 7.07 (m, 1H), 3.63 (d, J= 16.7 Hz, 1H), 3.40 - 3.19 (m, 2H), 3.10 - 2.59 (m, 5H), 2.26 - 2.05 (m, 2H), 1.78 - 1.50 (m, 3H), 1.50 - 1.36 (m, 1H).
[00534] Example 6: N-(pyrrolo[2,l- ] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- b
Figure imgf000149_0001
[00535] Compound rac**-A-2 (50 mg, 0.3 mmol) and 2,4-dichloropyrrolo[2,l- | [l,2,4]triazine (52 mg, 0.3 mmol) were dissolved in 2-propanol (1 mL). After stirring at room temperature for 3 hours, N,N-diisopropylethylamine (80 μί, 0.5 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours, concentrated onto silica and purified by column chromatography [chloroform: 7M ΝΗ3 in methanol = 1:0 to 9: 1] to afford compound rac-6-int (59 mg, 64% yield). LCMS (1): tR=2.498 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 333.0.
[00536] A suspension of compound rac-6-int (357 mg, 1.1 mmol) in methanol (30 mL) was flushed with nitrogen for 5 minutes. Then triethylamine (0.3 mL, 2.1 mmol) and palladium on carbon (10 %, 114 mg, 0.1 mmol) were added, and the reaction mixture was stirred under an atmosphere of hydrogen at room temperature for 4 hours. On completion, the reaction mixture was flushed with nitrogen, filtered over Celite, concentrated onto silica and purified by column chromatography
[chloroform: methanol = 1 :0 to 9: 1] to afford compound rac-6 as a white solid (174 mg, 54%).
[00537] Chiral Separation:
[00538] Compound rac-6 (174 mg, 0.6 mmol) in 14 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide /methanol /chloroform (1 : 1 :2) was separated by preparative chiral HPLC [Instrument: cHPLCl, Flow:
18mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C, Column: Chiralpak IC, 20 x 250 mm, 5μ, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 8/2] to give:
N-(pyrrolo [2, 1 -f\ [ 1 ,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - amine enantiomerl (compound 6-P1) (70 mg, 21% yield) as a white solid: cHPLC analytical (2): tR=7.682 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=2.898 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 299.2; ¾NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform -J) δ 8.37 (bs, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 7.18 (dd, J= 2.8, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (dd, J= 4.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 6.37 (dd, J= 4.1, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 3.23 (d, J= 15.2 Hz, 1H), 2.95 (s, 2H), 2.93 - 2.68 (m, 5H), 2.45 - 2.35 (m, 1H), 2.00 - 1.82 (m, 1H), 1.79 - 1.29 (m, 3H); and
N-(pyrrolo[2, l- |[l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine enantiomer2 (compound 6-P2) (73 mg, 22% yield) as a light yellow solid: cHPLC analytical (2): tR=10.926 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=2.894 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 299.1; ¾NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 8.45 (bs, 1H), 7.28 (s, lH), 7.19 (dd, J= 2.8, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (dd, J = 4.1, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.37 (dd, J= 4.1, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 3.25 (d, J = 13.3 Hz, 1H), 2.96 (s, 2H), 2.92 - 2.68 (m, 5H), 2.48 - 2.34 (m, 1H), 1.98 - 1.85 (m, 1H), 1.80 - 1.32 (m, 3H).
[00539] Example 7:
[00540] N-(7-bromopyrrolo[2, l- ][l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-
Figure imgf000150_0001
[00541] To a solution of compound-6-Pl (36 mg, 0.1 mmol) in anhydrous N,N- dimethylformamide (1.5 ml) was added N-bromosuccinimide (22 mg, 0.1 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Additional N-bromosuccinimide (2 mg, 0.01 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred for another hour. The reaction mixture was purified by SCX chromatography and further purified by silica gel column chromatography [chloroform: 7M ΝΗ3 in methanol = 1:0 to 9: 1], followed by preparative HPLC [Instrument: prep HPLC1; column:
Phenomenex Gemini-NX(C18, 100mm x 21.2mm, 10 μ); flow: 25 ml/min; column temp: RT; eluent A: 99% acetonitrile + 1% 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water pH=9.0, eluent B: 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water pH = 9.0; detection: DAD (220-320 nm); detection: MSD (ESI pos/neg) mass range: 100 - 800; fraction collection based on MS and DAD] and then by preparative chiral HPLC [Instrument: cHPLCl, Flow: 18mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C, Column: Chiralpak IC, 20 x 250 mm, 5μ, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 8/2].
Finally, the product was purified by SCX chromatography and lyophilized from acetonitrile and water to afford compound 7-P1 as a white fluffy solid (8 mg, 17%). cHPLC analytical (2): tR=8.640 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.191 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 377.0/379.0; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 8.56 (s, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 6.63 (d, J= 4.3 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (d, J= 4.3 Hz, 1H), 3.24 (d, J= 14.7 Hz, 1H), 3.00 - 2.68 (m, 7H), 2.46 - 2.30 (m, 1H), 1.97 - 1.32 (m, 4H).
[00542] N-(7-bromopyrrolo[2,l- ][l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine enantiomer2 (7-P2)
Figure imgf000151_0001
[00543] To a solution of compound-6-P2 (37 mg, 0.1 mmol) in anhydrous N,N- dimethylformamide ( 1.5 ml) was added N-bromosuccinimide (23 mg, 0.1 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Additional N-bromosuccinimide (2 mg, 0.01 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred for another hour. The reaction mixture was purified by SCX chromatography and further purified by preparative HPLC [Instrument: prep HPLC 1 ; column:
Phenomenex Gemini-NX(C 18, 100mm x 21.2mm, 10 μ); flow: 25 ml/min; column temp: RT; eluent A: 99% acetonitrile + 1% 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water pH=9.0, eluent B: 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water pH = 9.0; detection: DAD (220-320 nm); detection: MSD (ESI pos/neg) mass range: 100 - 800; fraction collection based on MS and DAD.] and by preparative chiral HPLC [Instrument: cHPLCl, Flow: 18mL/min, isocratic, time: 30 min., Column temp: 25 °C, Column: Chiralpak IC, 20 x 250 mm, 5μ, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 8/2] .
Finally, the product was purified by SCX chromatography and lyophilized from acetonitrile and water overnight to afford compound 7-P2 as a white fluffy solid ( 11 mg, 23%). cHPLC analytical (2): tR=l 1.251 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.189 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 377.0/379.0; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 8.50 (s, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 6.63 (d, J = 4.3 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (d, J = 4.3 Hz, 1H), 3.23 (d, J = 15.0 Hz, 1H), 3.02 - 2.69 (m, 7H), 2.45 - 2.32 (m, 1H), 1.96 - 1.32 (m, 4H).
[00544] Example 8:
[00545] (5)-N-(4-chlorobenzo[<i]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine -8)
Figure imgf000151_0002
[00546] Compound (S)-8 (69 mg, 75% yield) was prepared as a white solid from compound (S)- A-2 (50 mg, 0.3 mmol) according to general procedure A using 1.5 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 1.5 hoursThe reaction mixture was filtered, and the residue was further purified according to general procedure A. cHPLC analytical (3): tR=14.291 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.100 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 249.0; l NMR (300 MHz, DMSO- 6) δ 1 1.69 (s, 1H), 7.90 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 3.43 - 3.16 (m, 1H), 3.12 - 2.88 (m, 3H), 2.84 - 2.50 (m, 4H), 1.99 - 1.81 (m, 2H), 1.62 - 1.44 (m, 2H), 1.44 - 1.28 (m, 1H). [00547] (i?)-N-(4-chlorobenzo[<i|1hiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine -8)
Figure imgf000152_0001
[00548] Compound (R)-8 (67 mg, 73% yield) was prepared as a white solid from compound (R)- A-2 (50 mg, 0.3 mmol) according to general procedure A using 1.5 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the residue was further purified according to general procedure A. cHPLC analytical (3): tR=23.373 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.122 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 249.0; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, DMSO- 6) δ 11.68 (bs, 1H), 7.90 (dd, J= 7.9, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (dd, J= 7.8, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (t, J= 7.9 Hz, 1H), 3.41 - 3.16 (m, 1H), 3.15 - 2.94 (m, 3H), 2.79 - 2.60 (m, 4H), 1.98 - 1.82 (m, 2H), 1.65 - 1.46 (m, 2H), 1.46 - 1.29 (m, 1H).
[00549] Example 9: N-(5-chlorobenzo[<f]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicycl -3 -amine (rac-9)
Figure imgf000152_0002
[00550] Compound rac-9 (150 mg, 82% yield) was prepared from compound rac- -2 (100 mg, 0.60 mmol) according to general procedure A using 3 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 1 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the residue was further purified according to general procedure A.
[00551] Chiral Separation:
[00552] Compound rac-9 (73 mg, 0.2 mmol) in 4.0 mL of ethanol/chloroform (1 : 1) was separated by preparative chiral HPLC (Column A, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 9/1) to give:
N-(5-chlorobenzo[ii]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine enantiomerl (compound 9-P1) (35 mg, 19% yield) as a white fluffy solid: cHPLC analytical (3): tR=11.311 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.456 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 349.3; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 7.75 - 7.62 (m, 2H), 7.23 (dd, J= 8.4, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.48 - 3.23 (m, 2H), 3.16 - 2.63 (m, 6H), 2.27 - 2.01 (m, 2H), 1.83 - 1.66 (m, 1H), 1.66 - 1.37 (m, 2H); and
N-(5 -chlorobenzo [<f]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine enantiomer2 (compound 9-P2) (32 mg, 17% yield) as a white fluffy solid: cHPLC analytical (3): tR=16.901 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.448 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 349.0; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.78 - 7.57 (m, 2H), 7.23 (dd, J = 8.4, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.50 - 3.24 (m, 2H), 3.13 - 2.60 (m, 6H), 2.28 - 2.01 (m, 2H), 1.82 - 1.66 (m, 1H), 1.66 - 1.39 (m, 2H).
[00553] Example 10: N-(6-chlorobenzo[<f]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine (rac- 10)
Figure imgf000153_0001
rac i o
[00554] Compound rac-10 ( 1 18 mg, 64% yield) was prepared from compound rac- A-2 (100 mg, 0.60 mmol) according to general procedure A using 3 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated and further purified according to general procedure A.
[00555] Chiral Separation:
[00556] Compound rac-10 (98 mg, 0.3 mmol) in 3.5 mL of ethanol/chloroform ( 1 : 1) was separated by preparative chiral HPLC (Column A, Eluent: heptane + 0.2% diethylamine/ethanol = 9/1) to give:
N-(6-chlorobenzo[ii]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine enantiomerl (compound 10-Pl) (35 mg, 19% yield) as a white fluffy solid: cHPLC analytical (3): tR=l 1.347 min., purity: 100%; LCMS ( 1): tR=3.485 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 349.0; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.64 - 7.48 (m, 1H), 7.36 (dd, J = 8.6, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 3.46 - 3.24 (m, 2H), 3.16 - 2.69 (m, 6H), 2.26 - 2.03 (m, 2H), 1.79 - 1.65 (m, 1H), 1.64 - 1.39 (m, 2H); and
N-(6-chlorobenzo [<f]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine enantiomer2 (compound 10-P2) (31 mg, 17% yield) as a white fluffy solid: cHPLC analytical (3): tR=15.796 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.467 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 349.0; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, Chloroform- ) δ 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.62 - 7.51 (m, 1H), 7.36 (dd, J = 8.6, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 3.50 - 3.22 (m, 2H), 3.15 - 2.68 (m, 6H), 2.24 - 2.04 (m, 2H), 1.81 - 1.65 (m, 1H), 1.63 - 1.39 (m, 2H).
[00557] Example 11:
[00558] (5)-N-(7-chlorobenzo[ii]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3-amine ((S)A\)
Figure imgf000153_0002
[00559] Compound (S)-\\ (74 mg, 80% yield) was prepared as a white solid from compound (S)-A-2 (50 mg, 0.3 mmol) according to general procedure A using 1.5 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the residue was further purified according to general procedure A. cHPLC analytical (3): tR=13.397 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.146 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 249.0; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, DMSO- 6) δ 1 1.47 (bs, IH), 7.74 - 7.51 (m, 1H), 7.41 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, IH), 7.35 - 7.23 (m, IH), 3.34 (d, J = 16.7 Hz, IH), 3.16 - 2.83 (m, 3H), 2.80 - 2.58 (m, 4H), 2.06 - 1.83 (m, 2H), 1.69 - 1.29 (m, 3H).
[00560] (i?)-N-(7-chlorobenzo[ii]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3-amine ((i?)-ll)
Figure imgf000154_0001
[00561] Compound (i?)-ll (74 mg, 80% yield) was prepared as a yellow solid from compound (i?)-A-2 (50 mg, 0.3 mmol) according to general procedure A using 1.5 mL of 1,4-dioxane and a reaction time of 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the residue was further purified according to general procedure A. cHPLC analytical (3): tR=19.209 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (1): tR=3.171 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 249.0; ¾ NMR (300 MHz, DMSO- 6) δ 1 1.48 (bs, IH), 7.60 (dd, J = 8.0, 0.9 Hz, IH), 7.42 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, IH), 7.30 (dd, J= 7.8, 0.9 Hz, IH), 3.34 (d, J = 16.7 Hz, IH), 3.17 - 2.87 (m, 3H), 2.85 - 2.58 (m, 4H), 2.07 - 1.82 (m, 2H), 1.68 - 1.30 (m, 3H).
[00562] Example 12: (+/-)-N-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2
Figure imgf000154_0002
[00563] To a mixture of compound B-l (0.10 g, 0.47 mmol) and compound rac-A-2 (0.13 g, 0.70 mmol) in tert-amyl alcohol ( 10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added potassium tert-butoxide (0.16 g, 1.4 mmol) and chloro(2-ditbutylphosphino-2',4',6'-tri-i-propyl-l, r-biphenyl)[2- (2-aminoethyl)phenyl] palladium(II) (26 mg, 0.037 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC
[Instrument: Shimadzu pump LC-20A; Column: GEMINI 200 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 55-66.7% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] to give compound rac-12 (10 mg, 6% yield, 80% purity) as a brown solid; LCMS (Y): tR= 0.63 min., 314.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.68 (d, J=8.0 Hz, IH), 7.57 (d, J=7.6 Hz, IH), 7.28 (t, J=7.2 Hz, IH), 7.18 (t, J=7.2 Hz, IH), 3.78-3.61 (m, 4H), 3.48-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.39-3.36 (m, 3H), 2.45-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.15-2.10 (m, IH), 2.01-1.92 (m, 2H). [00564] Example 13: (+/-)-N-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo -3 -amine (rac- 13)
Figure imgf000155_0001
[00565] To a mixture of compound B-2 (0.50 g, 2.5 mmol) and compound rac-A-2 (0.46 g, 2.5 mmol) in dioxane ( 10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (0.48 g, 5.0 mmol) and chloro(2-dicyclohexyl phosphino-2',4',6'-tri-i -propyl- Ι, Γ-biphenyl) [2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl] palladium(II) methyl-t-butylether adduct (0.19 g, 0.25 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: Shimadzu pump LC-20A; Column: GEMINI 200 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 55-66.7% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] to give compound rac-13 (0.10 g, 12% yield) as a brown solid.
[00566] Chiral Separation:
[00567] A solution of compound rac-13 (60 mg, 0.20 mmol) in 10 mL of ethanol was separated by SFC (Instrument: SFC 80; Column: Chiralpak OD-3 100x4.6mm I.D., 3μπι; Mobile phase: ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02) at room temperature. Each set of collected fractions was concentrated at room temperature and lyophilized to give:
N-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine - enantiomerl (free base) (compound 13-Pl) (9.0 mg, 30% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (D) tR=2.37 min., purity: 99.5%; LCMS (M): tR=0.77 min., 299.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.43 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.26 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.63 (d, J=17.2 Hz, 1H), 3.36 (m, 1H), 3.21-3.1 1 (m, 2H), 2.92-2.85 (m, 4H), 2.16-2.09 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.61- 1.54 (m, lH); and
N-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine - enantiomer2 (free base) (compound 13-P2) ( 16 mg, 53% yield) as white solid: cSFC (D) analytical tR=2.93 min., purity: 99.4%; LCMS (M): tR=0.84 min., 299.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.43 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.26 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.63 (d, J=16.8 Hz, 1H), 3.37-3.35 (m, 1H), 3.21-3.1 1 (m, 2H), 2.92-2.81 (m, 4H), 2.16-2.09 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.78 (m, 2H), 1.61-1.54 (m, 1H).
[00568] Example 14: (+/-)-N-(6-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine (rac-14)
Figure imgf000156_0001
[00569] To a mixture of 2-chloro-6-methylbenzo[<f]thiazole (0.30 g, 1.6 mmol) and compound rac-A-2 (0.29 g, 1.6 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (0.31 g, 3.2 mmol), dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl] phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium (0.12 g, 0.16 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: Shimadzu pump LC-20A; Column: GEMINI 200 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 55-66.7% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] to give compound rac- 14 (62 mg, 12% yield) as a white solid.
[00570] Chiral Separation:
[00571] A solution of compound rac-14 (60 mg, 0.18 mmol) in 10 mL of ethanol was separated by SFC (Instrument: SFC 80; Column: Chiralpak AY-3 100x4.6mm I.D., 3μιη; Mobile phase: 40% ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02) at room temperature. Each set of collected fractions was concentrated at room temperature and lyophilized. The resulting solids were dissolved in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
N-(6-methylbenzo [d]thiazol -2 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5,3' -bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine -enantiomerl hydrochloride (compound 14-P1) (27 mg, 90% yield) as a white solid : cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.97 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (J): tR=1.17 min., 329.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.78 (s, IH), 7.68 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 7.43 (d, J=8.0 Hz, IH), 7.08 (s, IH), 3.80- 3.62 (m, 3H), 3.54-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.41-3.38 (m, 3H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.44-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.19-1.94 (m, 3H); and
N-(6-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine -enantiomer2 hydrochloride (compound 14-P2) (28 mg, 93% yield) as white solid : cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.75 min., purity: 98.7%; LCMS (M): tR=1.17 min., 329.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.77 (s, IH), 7.68 (d, J=8.0 Hz, IH), 7.42 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 7.08 (s, IH), 3.80-3.62 (m, 3H), 3.54-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.41-3.37 (m, 3H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.47-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.19-1.90 (m, 3H).
[00572] Example 15: (+/-)-N-(6-cyclopropylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicycl -3 -amine (rac- 15)
Figure imgf000156_0002
[00573] To a mixture of compound B-4 (0.42 g, 1.7 mmol) and compound rac- A-2 (0.30 g, 1.7 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6- triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium (0.12 g, 0.17 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (0.48 g, 5.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: GEMINI 250x50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 27-57% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] to give compound rac-\5 (0.17 g, 29% yield) as a white solid.
[00574] Chiral Separation:
[00575] A solution of compound rac-15 (0.17 g, 0.48 mmol) in 5 mL of methanol was separated by SFC (Instrument: SFC A; Column: Chiralpak AY-3 250x30mm I.D., ΙΟμιη; Mobile phase: 40% methanol (0.1% MEA) in C02) at room temperature. Each set of collected fractions was concentrated at room temperature and lyophilized. The resulting solids were dissolved in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
N-(6-cyclopropylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine -enantiomerl hydrochloride (compound 15-P1) (70 mg, 75% yield) as a gray solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.477 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (EE): tR=2.883 min., 355.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.66-7.64 (m, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.79-3.61 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.33 (m, 5H), 2.46-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.15-1.96 (m, 4H), 1.09-1.04 (m, 2H), 0.80-0.76 (m, 2H); and
N-(6-cyclopropylbenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine -enantiomer2 hydrochloride (compound 15-P2) (68 mg, 73% yield) as gray solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.762 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (EE): tR=2.894 min., 355.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.67-7.65 (m, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 3.79-3.60 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.33 (m, 5H), 2.46 (m, 2H), 2.15-1.93 (m, 4H), 1.07-1.05 (m, 2H), 0.78-0.77(m, 2H).
[00576] Example 16: (+/-)-N-(6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo -3 -amine (rac-16)
Figure imgf000157_0001
[00577] To a mixture of 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazole (0.30 g, 1.3 mmol) and compound rac- A-2 (0.23 g, 1.3 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (0.25 g, 2.6 mmol), and chloro(2-dicyclohexyl phosphino-2',4',6'-tri-i-propyl- l,l'-biphenyl)[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl] palladium(II) methyl -t-butylether adduct (96 mg, 0.13 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: Shimadzu pump LC-20A; Column: GEMINI 200 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μιη; Mobile phase: 55-66.7% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] to give compound rac-16 (0.12 g, 28% yield) as a white solid.
[00578] Chiral Separation:
[00579] A solution of compound rac-16 (60 mg, 0.18 mmol) in 10 mL of ethanol was separated by SFC (Instrument: SFC 80; Column: Chiralpak AD-3 100x4.6mm I.D., 3μιη; Mobile phase: 40% ethanol (0.05% DEA) in C02) at room temperature. Each set of collected fractions was concentrated at room temperature and lyophilized. The resulting solids were dissolved in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
N-(6-fluorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine -enantiomerl hydrochloride (compound 16-Pl) ( 10 mg, 30% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (L) tR=2.64 min., purity: 99.8%; LCMS (M): tR=0.86 min., 333.1 m/z (M+l); i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.75-7.71 (m, 2H), 7.33-7.28 (td, ^=9.2 Hz, J2=2.8 Hz, 1H), 3.78-3.68 (m, 2H), 3.64-3.60 (m, 1H), 3.52-3.37 (m, 5H), 2.45-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.18-1.93 (m, 3H); and
N-(6-fluorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine -enantiomer2 hydrochloride (compound 16-P2) ( 12 mg, 36% yield) as white solid: cSFC analytical (L) tR=5.26 min., purity: 98.4%; LCMS (M): tR=0.86 min., 333.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.74-7.69 (m, 2H), 7.31-7.26 (td, ^=9.2 Hz, J2=2.8 Hz, 1H), 3.77-3.59 (m, 3H), 3.50-3.38 (m, 5H), 2.44 (m, 2H), 2.13-1.96 (m, 3H).
[00580] Example 17: (i?)-N-(5-chloro-6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole- 5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-17)
Figure imgf000158_0001
[00581] To a solution of compound B-6 (0.10 g, 0.45 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (82 mg, 0.45 mmol) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl] - chloro-palladium (17 mg, 0.023 mmol) in dioxane (4 mL) was added sodium tert-butoxide (2 mol/L in tetrahydrofuran, 0.68 mL). The mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 2 hours under nitrogen atmosphere, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: GEMINI 250 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 35-49% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] and lyophilized. The resulting solids were dissolved in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-17 (50 mg, 26% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.243 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.848 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =367.0; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.78-7.72 (m, 2H), 3.50 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1H), 3.44-3.33 (m, 2H), 3.28 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.07 (m, 4H), 2.31-2.23 (m, 2H), 1.98-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.87-1.74 (m, 1H). [00582] Example 18: (i?)-N-(6-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyc -3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-18)
Figure imgf000159_0001
[00583] To a solution of 3-bromo-6-chloro-isoquinoline (0.2 mg, 0.83mmol) and compound (R)- A-2 (0.16 g, 0.87 mmol) in dioxane (2.0 mL) was added tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (30 mg, 0.033 mmol), 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (29 mg, 0.050 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (0.16 g, 1.65 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under nitrogen, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC
[Instrument: GX-B; Column: Phenomenex Synergi-C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 24-54% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The solution was treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-18 (30 mg, 9.6% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (H) tR=3.34 min., purity: 99.7%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.339 min, 343.1, m/z (M+l); i-NMR (DMSO- 6, 400 MHz): 510.60 (s 1H), 9.98 (s, 1H), 9.12 (s, 1H), 8.06 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=6 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (dd, Ji=8.8 Hz, J2=2 Hz , 1H), 3.65 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.1 1 (m, 7H), 2.27-2.17 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.90 (m, 1H), 1.79-1.77 (m, 2H).
[00584] Example 19:
[00585] (+/-) N-(7-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine (rac- 19)
Figure imgf000159_0002
[00586] To a solution of 3-bromo-7-chloro-isoquinoline (50 mg, 0.21 mmol) and compound rac- A-2 (39 mg, 0.21 mmol) in dioxane (2.0 mL) under nitrogen was added
tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (7.6 mg, 0.083 mmol), 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9- dimethylxanthene (7.2 mg, 0.012 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (39 mg, 0.41 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Phenomenex Synergi-C 18 150x30 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 21-51% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The solution was treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give compound rac-19 (50 mg, 13% yield) as a yellow solid.
[00587] Chiral Separation: [00588] A solution of compound rac-19 (50 mg, 109.5 mmol) in 10 mL of ethanol was separated by SFC (Instrument: SFC 80; Column: Chiralpak AD-H 250x30 mm I.D., particle size: 10 μιη;
Mobile phase: 40% iso-propanol (0.05% DEA) in C02) at room temperature. Each set of collected fractions was concentrated at room temperature and lyophilized. The resulting solids were dissolved in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
N-(7-chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine- enantiomerl hydrochloride (compound 19-P1) ( 12.5 mg, 68% yield ) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (G) tR=2.50 min., purity: 96.7%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.358 min, 343.1, m/z (M+l); i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): 59.16 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.93 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (dd, ^=8.4 Hz, J2=5.2 Hz, 1H), 3.74-3.71 (m, 1H), 3.68-3.60 (m, 1H), 3.51-3.37 (m, 5H), 2.45-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.16-1.94 (m, 3H); and
N-(7-chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine- enantiomer2 hydrochloride (compound 19-P2) (12 mg, 58.6% yield ) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (G) tR=3.84 min., purity: 95.5%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.354 min, 343.1, m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): 59.15 (m, 1H), 8.17 (m, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.94-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.79-7.76 (m, 1H), 3.77-3.60 (m, 3H), 3.51-3.37 (m, 5H), 2.45-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.17-1.93 (m, 3H).
[00589] (R) -N-(7 -chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - am
Figure imgf000160_0001
[00590] To a solution of 3-bromo-7-chloroisoquinoline (0.36 g, 1.5 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.27 g, 1.5 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.14 g, 0.15 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (0.17 g, 0.30 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) was added cesium carbonate (0.97 g, 3.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours under nitrogen atmosphere, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC
[Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 18-48% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The solution was treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-19 (0.22 g, 39% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.896 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.032 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =343.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): 5 9.20 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.96 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.79-3.62 (m, 3H), 3.54-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.42-3.38 (m, 3H), 2.46-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.13 (m, 1H), 2.08-1.94 (m, 2 H).
[00591] Example 20: (+/-)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine (rac- 20)
Figure imgf000161_0001
[00592] To a mixture of l-bromo-4-chlorobenzene (0.40 g, 2.1 mmol) and compound rac-A-2 (0.38 g, 2.1 mmol) in toluene (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (2.0 g, 6.3 mmol), chloro(2-dicyclohexyl phosphino-2',4',6'-tri-i-propyl-l,r-biphenyl)[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl] palladium(II) methyl-t-butylether adduct (0.15 g, 0.21 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: Shimadzu pump LC-20A; Column: GEMINI 200 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 55-66.7% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] to give compound rac-20 (68 mg, 11% yield) as a white solid.
[00593] Chiral Separation:
[00594] A solution of compound rac-20 (48 mg, 0.16 mmol) in 10 mL of ethanol was separated by SFC (Instrument: SFC 80; Column: Chiralpak AD-3 100x4.6mm I.D., 3μιη; Mobile phase: 40% methanol (0.1% MEA) in C02) at room temperature. Each set of collected fractions was concentrated at room temperature and lyophilized. The resulting solids were dissolved in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine -enantiomer 1 hydrochloride (compound 20-P1) (12 mg, 44% yield) as a white solid : cSFC analytical tR=1.04 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (J): tR=1.18 min., 292.1 m/z (M+l); i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.42 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.27 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 2H), 3.75-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.46-3.36 (m, 5H), 3.30 (s, 1H), 2.44- 2.38 (m, 2H), 2.16-1.91 (m, 3H); and
N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine -enantiomer2 hydrochloride (compound 20-P2) (13 mg, 48% yield) as white solid : cSFC analytical(G) tR=2.09 min., purity: 99.6%; LCMS (M): tR=1.19 min., 292.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.42 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.27 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 3.70-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.36 (m, 5H), 3.30 (s, 1H), 2.43-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.12-1.89 (m, 3H).
[00595] (i?)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochlorid -20)
Figure imgf000161_0002
[00596] To a solution of l-bromo-4-chlorobenzene (0.21 g, 1.1 mmol), compound (i?)-A-2 (0.20 g, 1.1 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.10 g, 0.11 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (0.13 g, 0.22 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL) under nitrogen was added cesium carbonate (0.72 g, 2.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-E; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 22-47% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% HC1, v/v)] . The resulting solution was lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-20 (0.20 g, 55% yield) as a white solid : cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.010 min., purity: 98.24%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.656 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =292.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.42 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.29 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 3.71 (d, J=14 Hz, IH), 3.61 (d, J=14 Hz, IH), 3.50-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.42-3.33 (m, 4H), 2.39-2.36 (m, 2H), 2.13-2.1 1 (m, IH), 2.02-1.93 (m, 2H).
[00597] Example 21: (+/-)-N-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.
Figure imgf000162_0001
[00598] To a solution of l,2-dichloro-4-iodo-benzene (0.90 g, 3.3mmol), compound rac-A-2 (0.40 mg, 2.2 mmol) and cesium carbonate (2.2 g, 6.6 mmol) in dioxane ( 10 mL) was added dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro- palladium (0.16 g, 0.22 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 16 hours under nitrogen, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: GEMINI 250 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 34-64% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] to give compound rac-21 (0.25 g, 35% yield) as a white solid.
[00599] Chiral Separation:
[00600] A solution of compound rac-21 (0.12 g, 0.37 mmol) in 5 mL of ethanol was separated by SFC (Instrument: SFC A; Column: Chiralpak AD-3 250x30 mm I.D., ΙΟμιη; Mobile phase: 40% ethanol (0.1% MEA) in C02) at room temperature. Each set of collected fractions was concentrated at room temperature and lyophilized. The resulting solids were dissolved in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
N-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine - enantiomerl hydrochloride (compound 21-P1) (35 mg, 52% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical(G) tR=3.573 min., purity: 96.32%; LCMS (J): tR=1.321 min., 326.1 m/z (M+l); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.76 (d, J=2.0 Hz, IH), 7.40 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.27 (dd, Jl= 9.2 Hz, J2=2.8 Hz, IH), 3.69-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.47-3.33 (m, 5H), 3.28 (m, IH), 2.45-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.15-2.08 (m, IH), 2.08-1.89(m, 2H); and
N-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine - enantiomer2 hydrochloride (compound 21-P2) (35 mg, 52% yield) as white solid: cSFC analytical(G) tR=3.938 min., purity: 94.66%; LCMS (J): tR=1.320 min., 326.1 m/z (M+1); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.76 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (dd, Jl= 8.8 Hz, J2=2.4 Hz, 1H), 3.70- 3.59 (m, 2H), 3.47-3.33 (m, 5H), 3.29 (m, 1H), 2.45-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.09 (m, 1H), 2.02-1.89(m, 2H).
[00601] Example 22: (i?)-N-(quinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3
Figure imgf000163_0001
[00602] A mixture of compound B-7 (91 mg, 0.55 mmol), compound (i?)-A-2 ( 100 mg, 0.55 mmol) and cesium carbonate (360 mg, 1.1 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) was degassed and purged with nitrogen 3 times. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (50 mg, 0.055 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (32 mg, 0.055 mmol) were added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was diluted with methanol, filtered through a silica gel plug and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C 18 250*50mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 22-52% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ammonia, v/v)] . The solution was treated with 0.2 Ν hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-22 (30 mg, 17% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.082 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=1.913 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =310.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.23 (s, 1H), 7.91 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.86-7.82 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.44 (m, 1H), 3.77 (d, J=17.2 Hz, 1H), 3.44 (d, J=16.8, 1H), 3.20-3.10 (m, 2H), 2.91-2.82 (m, 4H), 2.16-2.08 (m, 2H), 1.79-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.60-1.52 (m, 2H).
[00603] Example 23: (i?)-N-(8-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2
Figure imgf000163_0002
[00604] To a mixture of compound B-10 (0.16 g, 0.51 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.77 mg, 0.43 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added
tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (39 mg, 43 μπιοΐ), cesium carbonate (0.28 g, 0.86 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (50 mg, 86 μπιοΐ). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 4 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-E; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 4 μιη; Mobile phase: 20-45% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% HCI, v/v)] and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-23 (50 mg, 31% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR = 4.297 min., purity: 99.34%; LCMS (FF): tR = 2.301 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 343.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.50 (s, lH), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.82-23.66 (m, 3H), 3.58-3.33 (m, 5H), 2.48-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.17-1.98 (m, 3H).
[00605] Example 24: (i?)-N-(5-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-24)
Figure imgf000164_0001
[00606] To a solution of compound B-13 (87 mg, 0.44 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (80 mg, 0.44 mmol) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium ( 16 mg, 0.022 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) was added sodium tert-butoxide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 0.44 mL). The mixture was stirred at 15 °C for 2 hours under nitrogen, then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-I; Column: Xtimate C 18 150x25 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 14-44% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The solution was treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-24 (20 mg, 10% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.159 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.294 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =343.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.23 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 8.09 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (t, J 1=16 Hz, J2=8 Hz 1H), 3.78-3.69 (m, 2H), 3.53-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.42-3.33 (m, 3H), 2.47 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.14 (m, 1H), 2.06-1.96 (m, 2H).
[00607] Example 25: (i?)-N-(5-methylbenzo[<i]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-25)
Figure imgf000164_0002
[00608] A mixture of compound B-15 (0.10 g, 0.44 mmol), compound (i?)-A-2 (0.08 g, 0.44 mmol), dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]- chloro-palladium (0.02 g, 0.02 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (0.08 g, 0.88 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) at 15 °C was de-gassed and placed under nitrogen. The reaction was stirred at 40 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C 18 100x21.2 mm, particle size: 4 μιη; Mobile phase: 20-50% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The solution was treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-25 (41 mg, 25% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.58 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.226 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 329.1; Ή-ΝΜΡ (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.80 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.29 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.76-3.68 (m, 2H), 3.64-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.51-3.43 (m, 2H), 3.36-3.3 1 (m, 3H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 2.42-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.13-2.07 (m, 1H), 2.00-1.92 (m, 2H).
[00609] Example 26: (i?)-N -(5-cyclopropylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-26)
Figure imgf000165_0001
[00610] A mixture of compound B-17 (140 mg, 0.55 mmol), compound (i?)-A-2 (100 mg, 0.55 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (1 M, 1.66 mL,) in dioxane (3.0 mL) was degassed and purged with nitrogen 3 times. Chloro-(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-tri-i -propyl- Ι, Γ-biphenyl) [2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]palladium(II) methyl-t-butyl ether adduct (20 mg, 0.028 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 3 hours. On completion, the mixture was diluted with methanol, filtered through a silica-gel plug and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: YMC-Actus Pro C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι;
Mobile phase: 27-57% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-26 (40 mg, 19% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.718 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.402 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =355.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.78 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.17 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.77-3.71 (m, 2H), 3.59-3.51 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.37 (m, 2H), 3.35-3.32 (m, 3H), 2.44-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.13-1.97 (m, 4H), 1.10-1.05 (m, 2H), 0.79- 0.76 (m, 2H).
[00611] Example 27: (R)-N- (5-fluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-27)
Figure imgf000165_0002
[00612] To a solution of compound B-19 ( 150 mg, 0.65 mmol) and compound (i?)-A-2 (0.12 g, 0.68 mmol) in dioxane (2.0 mL) was added dicyclohexyl-[2 -(2,4,6- triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium (24 mg, 0.032 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (0.32 g, 3.31 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50°C for 2 hours under nitrogen, then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX- B; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 100x21.2 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 15-25% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The solution was treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-21 (40 mg, 17% yield) as a white solid : cSFC analytical (G) tR=3.29 min., purity: 100.00%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.149 min, 333.1 m/z (M+1); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.89-7.86 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.44 (m, 1H), 7.16-7.12 (m, 1H), 3.77-3.71 (m, 2H), 3.63-3.59 (m, 1 H), 3.50-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.44-3.37 (m, 3H), 2.44-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.12 (m, 1H), 2.10-1.93 (m, 2H).
[00613] Example 28: (i?)-N-(5-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[£/|thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole- 5,3'
Figure imgf000166_0001
[00614] To a mixture of compound B-21 (66 mg, 0.28 mmol), compound (i?)-A-2 (50 mg, 0.28 mmol) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl] - chloro-palladium (10 mg, 0.014 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen was added sodium tert- butoxide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 0.28 mL). The mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 4 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C 18 100x21.2 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 26-56% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The solution was treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-28 (44 mg, 42% yield) as a yellow solid : cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.58 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.413 min., 383.1 m/z (M+1); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.03 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.74-3.65 (m, 2H), 3.62-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.48-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.39-3.34 (m, 3H), 2.45-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.14-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.92 (m, 2H).
[00615] Example 29: (i?)-2-((4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- yl)
Figure imgf000166_0002
[00616] A mixture of compound B-23 (0.15 g, 0.77 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.12 g, 0.64 mmol), dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]- chloro-palladium (0.02 g, 0.03 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (2 mol/L in tetrahydrofuran, 0.64 mL) in dioxane ( 10 mL) at 25 °C was degassed and placed under nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 250x50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 23-24% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ammonia hydroxide, v/v)] . The resulting solids were dissolved in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-29 (99 mg, 40% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.26 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (H): tR=2.130 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 340.1 ; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.00 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.52 (dd, Ji = 8.0 Hz, J2 = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 3.68 (t, J = 16 Hz, 2H), 3.58 (d, J = 16.8 Hz, 1H), 3.46-3.33 (m, 5H), 2.44-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.13-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.92 (m, 2H).
[00617] Example 30: (i?)-N-(5,6-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-30)
Figure imgf000167_0001
[00618] To a solution of compound B-25 (0.15 g, 0.53 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (80 mg, 0.44 mmol) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl] - chloro-palladium (16 mg, 0.022 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 0.66 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-E; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 20-45% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% HC1, v/v)] and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-30 (60 mg, 33% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.968 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.476 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =383.0; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 3.75-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.59 (d, J=16.8 Hz, 1H), 3.49-3.33 (m, 5H), 2.46-2.43 (m, 2H),2.16-2.12 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.94 (m, 2H).
[00619] Example 31: (i?)-N-(6,7-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bi
Figure imgf000167_0002
[00620] To a solution of compound (R)-A-2 (80 mg, 0.44 mmol), compound B-27 (0.13 g, 0.53 mmol) and [2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl] -chloro-palladium;dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6- triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane (33 mg, 0.044 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 0.66 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: GEMINI 250 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 35-44% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] . The resulting product was lyophilized, dissolved 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-31 (50 mg, 27% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.080 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (EE): tR=3.016 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =383.0; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.58-7.53 (m, 2H), 3.48 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1H), 3.38-3.33 (m, 2H), 3.29-3.24 (m, 1H), 3.09-3.00 (m, 4H), 2.29-2.19 (m, 2H), 1.92-1.82 (m, 2H), 1.72-1.69 (m, 1H).
[00621] Example 32: (R)-N-(5, 7-dichlorobenzo[<f]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bi
Figure imgf000168_0001
[00622] A mixture of compound B-30 (0.13 g, 0.46 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.07 g, 0.39 mmol), dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]- chloro-palladium (0.01 g, 0.02 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 0.39 mL) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen was stirred at 40°C for 12 hours. On completion, the mixture was filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C 18 150x30 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 28-58% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-32 (68 mg, 42% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.95 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.236 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 383.0; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.57 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 3.67-3.62 (m, 2H), 3.54 (d, J = 16.8 Hz, 1H), 3.42-3.31 (m, 5H), 2.43-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.10-2.08 (m, 1H), 1.99-1.89 (m, 2H).
[00623] Example 33: (i?)-N-(6-chloro-5,7-difluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r- azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-33)
Figure imgf000168_0002
[00624] To a solution of compound (R)-A-2 (0.13 g, 0.74 mmol) and compound B-32 (0.2 g, 0.70 mmol) in dioxane (1.0 mL) at room temperature under nitrogen was added dicyclohexyl-[2- (2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium (26 mg, 0.035 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (0.14 g, 1.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50°C for 2 hour, and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-55% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-33 (25 mg, 8.1% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.73 min., purity: 100.00%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.512 min, 385.0 m/z (M+1); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.41 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1H), 3.76-3.67 (m, 2H), 3.60-3.56 (m, 1 H), 3.50-3.36 (m, 5H), 2.44 (m, 2H), 2.13-1.92 (m, 3H).
[00625] Example 34: (i?)-N-(3-chlorophenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine hydrochloride ((i?)-34)
Figure imgf000169_0001
[00626] To a solution of l-bromo-3-chlorobenzene (86 mg, 0.45 mmol), compound (i?)-A-2 (90 mg, 0.50 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (45 mg, 0.050 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (57 mg, 0.099 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.32 g, 0.99 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 20-50% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)]. The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-34 (48 mg, 33% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (Q) tR=3.45 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.153 min., 292.1 m z (M+1); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.57 (s, 1H), 7.27-7.21 (m, 2H), 6.95-6.91 (m, 1H), 3.68-3.57 (m, 2H), 3.44-3.40 (m, 2H), 3.37-3.32 (m, 4H), 2.43-2.36 (m, 2H), 2.14-2.06 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.87 (m, 2H).
[00627] Example 35: (i?)-N-(3-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-35)
Figure imgf000169_0002
[00628] To a mixture of 4-bromo-2-chloro-l-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (0.1 1 g, 0.44 mmol) and compound (i?)-A-2 (0.10 g, 0.55 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.36 g, 1.1 mmol), 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (32 mg, 0.050 mmol) and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (25 mg, 0.028 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 106 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: Shimadzu pump LC-20A; Column: GEMINI 200 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μιη; Mobile phase: 55-66.7% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-35 (65 mg, 37% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical tR=2.60 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (M): tR=2.42 min., 360.1 m/z (M+l); i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=8.8 Ηζ, ΙΗ), 7.43 (d, J=8.4 Ηζ, ΙΗ), 3.71-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.48-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.39-3.36 (m, 4H), 2.46-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.08 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.90 (m, 2H).
[00629] Example 36: (i?)-N-(3-chloro-4-cyclopropylphenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicy -3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-36)
Figure imgf000170_0001
[00630] To a solution of compound B-33 (0.14 g, 0.60 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.1 1 g, 0.60 mmol) , tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (28 mg, 0.030 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (35 mg, 0.060 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.39 g, 1.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 3 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-I; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-55% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-36 (25 mg, 1 1% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (P) tR=3.073 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.396 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =332.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.57 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (dd, Jl=8.4 Hz, J2=2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.69-3.62 (m, 2H), 3.44-3.28 (m, 6H), 2.45-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.12-2.08 (m, 2H), 1.97-1.93 (m, 2H), 0.99-0.95 (m, 2H), 0.65-0.61 (m, 2H).
[00631] Example 37: (i?)-N-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-37)
Figure imgf000171_0001
[00632] To a solution of compound (R)-A-2 (80 mg, 0.44 mmol), 4-bromo-l-chloro-2- (trifluoromethyl)benzene (0.1 1 g, 0.44 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (40 mg, 0.044 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (51 mg, 0.088 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.29 g, 0.88 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-H; Column: Waters Xbridge 150x25 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 26-56% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-37 (70 mg, 40% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=1.933 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.412 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =360.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.97 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J^.8 Hz, J2=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.70 (d, J=13.6 Hz, 1H), 3.61 (d, J=13.6 Hz. 1H), 3.48-3.33 (m, 6H), 2.45-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.13-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.02-1.90 (m, 2 H).
[00633] Example 38: (i?)-N-(4-chloro-3-cyclopropylphenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[ -3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-38)
Figure imgf000171_0002
[00634] To a solution of compound B-34 (0.13 g, 0.55 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (90 mg, 0.50 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (23 mg, 0.025 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (29 mg, 0.050 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.32 g, 0.99 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-C; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 150x50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 40-70% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ΝΗ3.Η20, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 N HC1 (2 mL) and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-38 (25 mg, 14% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (Q) tR=2.527 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.423 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =332.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): 5 7.20 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (dd, J^.4 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (s, 1H), 3.54 (s, 2H), 3.51-3.17 (m, 6H), 2.26-1.98 (m, 4H), 1.83-1.81 (m, 2H), 0.93-0.91 (m, 2H), 0.56-0.55 (m, 2H). [00635] Example 39: (i?)-N-(4-chloro-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo -3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-39)
Figure imgf000172_0001
[00636] To a solution of 4-bromo-l -chloro-2-methoxybenzene (61 mg, 0.28 mmol), compound (i?)-A-2 (50 mg, 0.28 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) ( 13 mg, 0.014 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene ( 16 mg, 0.028 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.18 g, 0.55 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 90 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-E; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 22-47% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% HCI, v/v)] and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-39 (40 mg, 40% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.031 min., purity: 100.00%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.092 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =322.1; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.33 (d, J=2.0 Hz, IH), 7.23 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 6.89 (dd, ^=8.4 Hz, J2=2.4 Hz , IH), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.69 (dd, ^=14 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz , IH), 3.61 (d, J=14 Hz, IH), 3.47-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.43-3.31 (m, 4H), 2.44-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.15-2.10 (m, IH), 2.03-1.90 (m, 2H).
[00637] Example 40: (i?)-N-(2-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bi
Figure imgf000172_0002
[00638] To a solution of compound B-35 (0.35 g, 1.65 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.20 g, 1.10 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (50 mg, 0.055 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (64 mg, 0.1 1 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.72 g, 2.0 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C for 5 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 150x25 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 30-60% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-4 (60 mg, 17% yield) as an off-white solid: cSFC analytical (A) tR=2.262 min., purity: 98.79%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.930 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =312.1; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.68 (s, IH), 7.33 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.049 (dd, J=2.0 Hz, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 6.35 (s, IH), 3.64- 3.58 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.40 (m, 2H), 3.36-3.35 (m, 2H), 3.28 (m, 1H), 2.40 (s, 3H), 2.38 (m, 2H), 2.12- 2.10 (m, 1H), 1.99-1.90 (m, 2H).
[00639] Example 41: (i?)-N-(2-methylbenzofuran-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-41)
Figure imgf000173_0001
[00640] To a solution of compound (R)-A-2 (0.15 g, 0.83 mmol), compound B-36 (0.21 g, 0.99 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (76 mg, 0.083 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosph- ino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (96 mg, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.81 g, 2.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 40 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: Phenomenex Gemini 150x25 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 28-58% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)]. The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-4l (28 mg, 10% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=4.440 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.275 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =312.1; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.61 (d, J=2 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (dd, ^=8.8 Hz, J2=2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (s, 1H), 3.71-3.65 (m, 2H), 3.51-3.33 (m, 6H), 2.44-2.42 (m, 5H), 2.16-2.12 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.93 (m, 2H).
[00641] Example 42: (i?)-N-(2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-42)
Figure imgf000173_0002
[00642] To a solution of compound B-37 (95 mg, 0.42 mmol) and compound (i?)-A-2 (80 g, 0.44 mmol) in dioxane (2.0 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added
tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (38 mg, 0.042 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9- dimethylxanthene (37 mg, 0.063 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (121 mg, 1.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep- HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι;
Mobile phase: 32-32% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% TFA, v/v)]. The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give: Compound (R)-42 (26 mg, 16% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (H) tR=3.61 min., purity: 100.00%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.334 min, 328.1 m/z (M+1); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.00 (s, 1H), 7.56 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (m, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 3.70-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.48-3.37 (m, 6H), 2.55 (s, 3H), 2.40 (m, 2H), 2.15-2.12 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.90 (m, 2H).
[00643] Example 43: (i?)-N-(2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-5-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-43)
Figure imgf000174_0001
[00644] To a solution of compound B-38 (0.12 g, 0.53 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (80 mg, 0.44 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (40 mg, 44 μιηοΐ) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosph-ino)- 9,9-dimethylxanthene (51 mg, 88 μιηοΐ) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.43 g, 1.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B;
Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-55%
acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M
hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-43 (26 mg, 16% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.765 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.405 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =328.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.84 (d, J=2 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (dd, ^=8.8 Hz, J2=2 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 3.73- 3.62 (m, 2H), 3.53-3.33 (m, 6H), 2.58 (s, 3H), 2.42-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.17-2.09 (m, 1H), 2.04-1.91 (m, 2H).
[00645] Example 44: (i?)-N-(7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-44)
Figure imgf000174_0002
[00646] A mixture of compound B-41 (0.16 g, 0.53 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (80 mg, 0.44 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (40 mg, 44 μπιοΐ), cesium carbonate (0.29 g, 0.88 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (51 mg, 88 μπιοΐ) in dioxane (5 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours under nitrogen, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-H; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 250 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 28-58% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ammonia hydroxide, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-44 (26 mg, 16% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR = 3.670 min., purity: 98.63%; LCMS (GG): tR = 1.874 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 327.1 ; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.24 (s, IH), 8.07-8.04 (m, 2H), 7.87 (dd, Ji = 8.8 Hz, J2 = 2 Hz, IH), 7.78-7.73 (m, IH), 3.80-3.63 (m, 3H), 3.55-3.33 (m, 5H), 2.47-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.18-2.13 (m, IH), 2.09-1.97 (m, 2H).
[00647] Example 45: (i?)-N-(6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-45)
Figure imgf000175_0001
[00648] To a solution of compound B-44 (0.16 g, 0.53 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (80 mg, 0.44 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (40 mg, 0.044 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (51 mg, 0.088 mmol) in dioxane (3.0 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.29 g, 0.88 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C for 5 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 18-48% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-45 (40 mg, 25% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (A) tR=1.027 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.885 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =327.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.26 (s, IH), 8.28 (dd, J=5.6 Hz, J=9.2 Hz, IH), 7.95 (s, IH), 7.66 (dd, J=7.0 Hz, J=9.6 Hz, IH), 7.48 (td, J=2.4 Hz, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 3.78-3.77 (m, IH), 3.74-3.73 (m, IH), 3.70 (m, IH), 3.59-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.40-3.36 (m, 3H), 2.45-2.40 (s, 2H), 2.18-2.1 1 (m, IH), 2.04-1.95 (m, 2H).
[00649] Example 46: (i?)-N-(7-methoxyisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H- l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-46)
Figure imgf000175_0002
[00650] To a solution of compound B-47 (0.1 lg, 0.57mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.10 g, 0.57 mmol) , tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (52 mg, 0.057 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (49 mg, 0.058 mmol) in dioxane (20 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.37 g, 1.1 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 3 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-C; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 250 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 32-62% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ammonia hydroxide, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-46 (45 mg, 21% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (O) tR=6.133 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.827 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =339.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.20 (s, IH), 7.99-7.94 (m, 2H), 7.66-7.64 (m, IH), 7.58 (s, IH), 4.01 (s, 3H), 3.81-3.63 (m, 3H), 3.56-3.39 (m, 5H) , 2.48-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.16-1.95 (m, 3H).
[00651] Example 47: (i?)-N-(6-methoxyisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H- l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-47)
Figure imgf000176_0001
[00652] To a solution of 3-chloro-6-methoxyisoquinoline (85 mg, 0.44 mmol), compound (R)-A- 2 (80 mg, 0.44 mmol) and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (40 mg, 0.044 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (51 mg, 0.088 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.29 g, 0.88 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C 18 250x50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 30-60% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-47 (30 mg, 18% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=1.447 min., purity: 98.81%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.075 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =339.1; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.1 1 (s, IH), 8.13 (d, J=9.6Hz, IH), 7.80 (s, IH), 7.37 (s, IH), 7.33 (d, J=9.2Hz, IH), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.70 (m, 2H), 3.65-3.61 (m, IH), 3.53-3.33 (m, 5H), 2.47-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.14 (m, IH), 2.08-1.96 (m, 2H).
[00653] Example 48: (i?)-N-(6-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-48)
Figure imgf000176_0002
[00654] To a solution of compound B-48 (0.16 mg, 0.61 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.10 g,
0.44 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (50 mg, 55 μπιοΐ) and 4,5bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (64 mg, 0.1 1 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.54 g, 1.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 1 hour, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [ethyl acetate: methanol = 50: 1-1 : 1] and prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 17-47%
acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M
hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-48 ( 10 mg, 6% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.413 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.790 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =344.1 ; i-NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): δ 10.60 (s, IH), 9.34 (s, IH), 8.12 (d, J=2.4 Hz, IH), 7.88 (dd, 1^9.2 Hz, J2=2.4 Hz, IH), 7.70 (d, J=9.2Hz, IH), 3.88 (d, J=17.6 Hz, IH), 3.74 (d, J=18 Hz, IH), 3.66 (d, J=13.6 Hz, IH), 3.48-3.75 (m, IH), 3.31-3.18 (m, 4H), 2.28 (s, IH), 2.19-2.16 (m, IH), 1.93-1.75 (m, 3H).
[00655] Example 49: (i?)-N-(7-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bi
Figure imgf000177_0001
[00656] To a solution of compound B-49 (0.20 mg, 0.83 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.15 g,
0.83 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (76 mg, 83 μπιοΐ) and
4,5bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (96 mg, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.54 g, 1.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified flash silica gel chromatography [ethyl acetate: methanol= 50: 1 to 1 : 1] and prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-I; Column: Phenomenex Gemini 150x25 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 27-57% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ammonia hydroxide, v/v)] and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-49 (6 mg, 2% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.525 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.826 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =344.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.24 (s, IH), 7.92 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.88 (s, IH), 7.45 (dd, J^.4 Hz, J2=1.6 Hz, IH), 3.77 (d, J=17.2 Hz, IH), 3.45 (d, J=17.2 Hz, IH), 3.21 -3.12 (m, 2H), 2.93-2.83 (m, 4H), 2.18 (m, IH), 2.09 (m, IH), 1.80 (m, 2H), 1.62-1.55 (m, IH).
[00657] Example 50: (i?)-N-(2-methylbenzo[<i]thiazol-6-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine hydrochloride ((i?)-50)
Figure imgf000178_0001
[00658] To a solution of 6-bromo-2-methylbenzo[<f]thiazole (0.1 1 g, 0.50 mmol), compound (R)- A-2 (0.10 g, 0.55 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (51 mg, 0.055 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (64 mg, 0.1 1 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.36 g, 1.1 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep- HPLC [Instrument: GX-E; Column: Phenomenex Synergi C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 4 μπι; Mobile phase: 10-30% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% HCI, v/v)] and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-50 (26 mg, 14% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (O) tR=l .851 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.766 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =329.1 ; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.38 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (dd, ^=8.8 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz , 1H), 3.69 (d, J=14.0 Hz , 1H), 3.61 (d, J=14.0 Hz , 1H), 3.50-3.34 (m, 6H), 2.99 (m, 3H), 2.44-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.12-2.07 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.89 (m, 2H).
[00659] Example 51: (i?)-N-(2-methylbenzo[£/]oxazol-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicycl -3-amine ((i?)-51)
Figure imgf000178_0002
[00660] To a solution of 6-bromo-2-methylbenzo[<f]oxazole (0.12 g, 0.55 mmol), compound (R)- A-2 (0.10 g, 0.55 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (51 mg, 0.055 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (64 mg, 0.1 1 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.36 g, 1.1 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep- HPLC [Instrument: GX-A; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 250x50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 23-53% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% NH3 H20, v/v)] and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-51 (27 mg, 16% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (R) tR=6.239 min., purity: 97.35%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.664 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =313.2; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.89 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (dd, J^.4 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz , 1H), 3.34 (s, 1H), 3.16-3.06 (m, 3H), 2.91-2.76 (m, 4H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 2.19-2.14 (m, 1H), 2.04 (s, 1H), 1.79-1.70 (m, 2H), 1.57-1.53 (m, 1H).
[00661] Example 52: (i?)-N-(6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-52)
Figure imgf000179_0001
[00662] To a solution of compound B-52 (0.16 g, 0.87 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.16 g, 0.87 mmol) , tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (79 mg, 0.087 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (75 mg, 0.13 mmol) in dioxane (20 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.56 g, 1.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep- HPLC [Instrument: GX-h; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 250 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 23-53% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ammonia hydroxide, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-52 (20 mg, 6.3% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (S) tR=1.730 min., purity: 99.25%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.686 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =330.1 ; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.93 (s, 1H), 7.19 (s, 1H), 3.81-3.61 (m, 4H), 3.48-3.33 (m, 4H), 2.65 (s, 3H),2.47-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.15-1.97 (m, 3H).
[00663] Example 53: (i?)-N-(2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyc -3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-53)
Figure imgf000179_0002
[00664] To a solution of compound B-56 (90 mg, 0.49 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.89 g, 0.49 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (45 mg, 0.049 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (57 mg, 0.098 mmol) in dioxane (6 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.32 g, 0.98 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 19-49% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-53 (30 mg, 17% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=1.846 min., purity: 97.55%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.256 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =329.1; 1H-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.12 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (s, lH), 3.77-3.67 (m, 3H), 3.58-3.37 (m, 5H), 2.60 (s, 3H), 2.46-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.15-2.1 1 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.96 (m, 2H). [00665] Example 54: (i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3' bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-54)
Figure imgf000180_0001
[00666] To a solution of compound B-57 (0.25 g, 1.0 mmol) and compound (R)-A-2 (0.18 g, 1.0 mmol) in dioxane (2.0 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added
tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (92 mg, 0.10 mmol), 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9- dimethylxanthene (58 mg, 0.10 mmol) and cesium carbonate (0.66 g, 2.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-H; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C 18 250x50, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 40-70% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ammonia hydroxide, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-54 (72 mg, 19% yield) as a brown solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.552 min., purity: 98.50%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.142 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =348.1 ; 1H-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.05 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J=8.8 Hz , 1H), 7.27 (dd, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (s, 1H), 3.71- 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.48-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.39-3.34 (m, 4H), 2.50-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.08 (m, 1H), 2.04-1.90 (m, 2H).
[00667] Example 55: (i?)-N-(2,3-difluorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-3H- r-azaspiro[furan-2,3'- bi
Figure imgf000180_0002
[00668] To a solution of compound (R)-A-2 (0.15 g, 0.83 mmol), compound B-59 (0.29 g, 0.83 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (76 mg, 83 μπιοΐ) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosph-ino)- 9,9-dimethylxanthene (96 mg, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.54 g, 1.7 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: YMC-Actus ODS-AQ 100x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-55% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 Ν hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-55 (25 mg, 8% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.869 min., purity: 97.80%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.131 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =350.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.05 (s, lH), 7.61 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.39-7.36 (m, 1H), 3.70-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.48-3.35 (m, 6H), 2.46-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.13 (m, 1H), 2.06-1.90 (m, 2H).
[00669] Example 56: (i?)-N-(3-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-56)
Figure imgf000181_0001
[00670] To a mixture of compound B-62 (0.15 g, 0.82 mmol) and compound (R)-A-2 (0.12 g,
0.68 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide
(0.20 g, 2.1 mmol) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium (0.06 g, 0.07 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 1 15 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC
[Instrument: Column: Phenomenex Gemini 250 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 35-65% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ammonia hydroxide v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized again to give:
Compound (R)-56 (80 mg, 36% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.37 min., purity: 96.9%; LCMS (J): tR=2.04 min., 328.1 m/z (M+1); ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.10 (d,
J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (dd, ^=8.4 Hz, J2=1.6 Hz 1H), 7.04 (s, 1H), 3.71-3.61 (m,
2H), 3.49-3.51 (m, 6H), 2.47-2.41 (m, 5H), 2.17-2.1 1 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.93 (m, 2H).
[00671] Example 57: (i?)-N-(l -methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-57)
Figure imgf000181_0002
[00672] To a solution of 6-bromo-l-methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazole (0.18 g, 0.83 mmol),
compound (i?)-A-2 (0.15 g, 0.83 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (76 mg, 0.083 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (96 mg, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.54 g, 1.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-E; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C 18 250x50 mm, particle size: 10 μιη; Mobile phase: 15-45% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% NH3 H20, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give: Compound (R)-57 (50 mg, 17% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.545 min., purity: 100.00%; LCMS (FF): tR=1.630 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =312.1; 1H-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.28 (s, 1H), 8.22 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (dd, ^=9.2 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.11 (s, 3H), 3.74 (dd, Jl=14 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz , 1H), 3.64 (d, J=14 Hz, 1H), 3.55-3.37 (m, 6H), 2.46-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.12 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.95 (m, 2H).
[00673] Example 58: (i?)-N-(l-methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-58)
Figure imgf000182_0001
[00674] To a solution of 5 -bromo-1 -methyl -lH-benzo[d] imidazole (0.18 g, 0.83 mmol),
compound (i?)-A-2 (0.15 g, 0.83 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (76 mg, 0.083 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (96 mg, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.54 g, 1.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-E; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 250x50 mm, particle size: 10 μιη; Mobile phase: 15-45% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% NH3 H20, v/v)]. The combined fractions were lyophilized, diluted with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-58 (70 mg, 27% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.076 min., purity: 100.00%; LCMS (FF): tR=1.637 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =312.1; 1H-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.20 (s, lH), 8.22 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J!=8.8 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.72 (dd, Jl=13.6 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz , 1H), 3.63 (d, J=14.4 Hz, 1H), 3.53-3.37 (m, 6H), 2.46-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.14-2.1 1 (m, 1H), 2.06-1.94 (m, 2H).
[00675] Example 59: (i?)-N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-59)
Figure imgf000182_0002
[00676] To a solution of 3-chloro-7-methylisoquinoline (0.20 g, 1.1 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.20 g, 1.1 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.10 g, 0.11 mmol) and
4,5bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (0.13 g, 0.22 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (1.1 g, 3.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 110 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μιη; Mobile phase: 20-50% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-59 (22 mg, 6% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.179 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.881 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =323.2; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.25 (s, IH), 8.03 (s, IH), 7.98-7.95 (m, 2H), 7.87 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, IH), 3.81-3.63 (m, 3H), 3.56-3.38 (m, 5H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 2.48-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.16-1.95 (m, 2H).
[00677] Example 60: (i?)-N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-60)
Figure imgf000183_0001
[00678] To a mixture of compound B-63 (0.35 g, 2.0 mmol) and compound (R)-A-2 (0.54 g, 3.0 mmol) in toluene (5 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added potassium tert-butoxide (0.66 g, 5.9 mmol), chloro-(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-diisopropoxy-l,r-biphenyl)[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]palladium(II)-methyl-t-butyl ether adduct (0.16 g, 0.20 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 28-58% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-60 (49 mg, 8% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.152 min., purity: 99.77%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.837 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =323.2; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.30 (s, IH), 8.17 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.87 (s, IH), 7.84 (s, IH), 7.61 (d, J=8.0 Hz, IH), 3.81- 3.72 (m, 2H), 3.68-3.37 (m, 6H), 2.62 (s, 3H), 2.46-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.18-1.93 (m, 3H).
[00679] Example 61: (i?)-N-(6,7-difluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-61)
Figure imgf000183_0002
[00680] To a solution of compound B-66 (0.22 g, 0.70 mmol) and compound (R)-A-2 (0.13 g, 0.70 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added
tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (64 mg, 0.070 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.69 g, 2.1 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (81 mg, 0.14 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep- HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ- C 18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μιη; Mobile phase: 25-55% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid (1.5 mL) and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-61 (52 mg, 20% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (G) tR=4.304 min., purity: 97.7%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.969 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =345.1; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.04 (s, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.94 (dd, J^IO.3 Hz, J2=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (dd, J^l l . l Hz, J2=7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.74-3.55 (m, 3H), 3.46-3.35 (m, 5H), 2.46-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.12-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.93 (m, 2H).
[00681] Example 62: (i?)-N-(6,7-dichloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3-amine trifluoroacetate ((i?)-62)
Figure imgf000184_0001
[00682] To a solution of compound B-69 (0.20 g, 0.58 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.10 g, 0.58 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.05 g, 0.06 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (0.07 g, 0.12 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.38 g, 1.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 10 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep- HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 30-60% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-62 ( 13 mg, 5% yield) as a green solid: cSFC analytical (P) tR = 3.58 min., purity: 98.27%; LCMS (GG): tR = 2.171 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 377.0; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.95 (s, lH), 8.15 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, lH), 7.91 (s, 1H), 3.70-3.62 (m, 2H), 3.53 (d, J = 16.8 Hz, 1H), 3.47-3.34 (m, 5H), 2.46-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.14-2.09 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.92 (m, 2H).
[00683] Example 63: (i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-63)
CI
Figure imgf000184_0002
[00684] To a solution of compound B-70 (0.15 g, 0.65 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.18 g, 0.97 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (59 mg, 0.065 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (75 mg, 0.13 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) under nitrogen was added cesium carbonate (0.42 g, 1.3 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-I; Column: YMC-Actus ODS-AQ 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μιη; Mobile phase: 25-55% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M
hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-63 (24 mg, 1 1% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.162 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.008 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =332.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.80 (s, IH), 7.41 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 7.13 (dd, ^=8.4 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz , IH), 6.65 (s, IH), 3.63 (dd, Ji=24.0 Hz, J2=15.2 Hz, 2H), 3.46-3.33 (m, 6H), 2.44-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.15-2.07 (m, IH), 2.02-1.88 (m, 2H).
[00685] Example 64: (i?)-N-(l -methyl-lH-indazol-6-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bi
Figure imgf000185_0001
[00686] To a solution of 6-bromo-l -methyl-lH-indazole (0.15 g, 0.72 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.13 g, 0.72 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (66 mg, 0.072 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (83 mg, 0.14 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.70 g, 2.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep- HPLC [Instrument: GX-H; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 250x50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-46% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid solution and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-64 (75 mg, 30% yield) as a brown solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.902 min., purity: 100.00%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.078 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =312.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.24 (s, IH), 7.93 (s, IH), 7.75 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.10 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 4.09 (s, 3H), 3.74 (d, J=14 Hz, IH), 3.64 (d, J=14 Hz, IH), 3.55-3.37 (m, 6H), 2.47-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.12 (m, IH), 2.04-1.94 (m, 2H).
[00687] Example 65: (i?)-N-(l -methyl-lH-indazol-5-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((R)-65)
Figure imgf000185_0002
[00688] To a solution of 5 -bromo-1 -methyl -lH-indazole (0.15 g, 0.72 mmol), compound (R)-A- 2 (0.13 g, 0.72 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (66 mg, 0.072 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (83 mg, 0.14 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.70 g, 2.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep- HPLC [Instrument: GX-H; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 250x50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-45% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-65 (75 mg, 30% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.864 min., purity: 98.23%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.041 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =312.2; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.03 (s, IH), 7.98 (s, IH), 7.55 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.40 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.73 (d, J=14 Hz, IH), 3.63 (d, J=14 Hz, IH), 3.53-3.36 (m, 6H), 2.44-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.1 1 (m, IH), 2.03-1.93 (m, 2H).
[00689] Example 66: (i?)-N-(3-methylbenzo[£/]isoxazol-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[ -3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-66)
Figure imgf000186_0001
[00690] To a solution of 6-bromo-3-methylbenzo[<f]isoxazole (0.1 g, 0.47 mmol), compound (R)- A-2 (85 mg, 0.47 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (43 mg, 0.047 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (55 mg, 0.094 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.31 g, 0.94 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-H; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C 18 250x50mm, particle size: ΙΟμπι; Mobile phase: 25-55% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% ammonia hydroxide, v/v)] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-66 (26 mg, 15% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (P) tR=2.884 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.1 18 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =313.1 ; Ti-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.90(d, J=1.2 Hz, IH), 7.62 (d, J=8.4 Hz, IH), 7.18 (dd, J^l .6 Hz, J2=8.4 Hz, IH), 3.65 (dd, Ji=8.4 Hz, J2=14 Hz, 2H), 3.49-3.33 (m, 6H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 2.46-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.07 (m, IH), 2.02-1.89 (m, 2H).
[00691] Example 67: (i?)-N-(2-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l '- azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-67)
Figure imgf000187_0001
[00692] To a solution of compound (R)-A-2 (0.15 mg, 0.83 mmol), compound B-72 (0.23 g, 0.83 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (76 mg, 83 μιηοΐ) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosph- ino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (96 mg, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.81 g, 2.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residuw was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-E; Column: YMC-Actus Triart C18 150x30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-55% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 N hydrochloride and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-67 (60 mg, 48% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.320 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (EE): tR=2.555 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =382.1 ; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.36 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.72-3.62 (m, 2H), 3.51- 3.36 (m, 6H), 2.47-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.14-2.1 1 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.93 (m, 2H).
[00693] Example 68: (i?)-N-(l,2-dimethyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole- 5,3'-b
Figure imgf000187_0002
[00694] To a solution of compound B-75 (0.20 g, 0.89 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.16 g, 0.89 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.081 g, 0.089 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (0.10 g, 0.18 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.58 g, 1.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-d; Column: Phenomenex Gemini C18 250x50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 20-38% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% NH3 ' H20, v/v)] . The solution was lyophilized, diluted with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-68 (32 mg, 9.8% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=4.087 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (EE): tR=1.670 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =326.2; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.73 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 6..99 (dd, ^=2.0 Hz, J2=1.6 Hz, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.23 (dd, J!=14.2 Hz, J2=11.2 Hz, 1H), 2.93-2.86 (m, 3H), 2.84-2.81 (m, 4H), 2.55 (s, 3H), 1.79-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.75 (s, 1H), 1.75-1.72 (m, 2H), 1.58-1.55 (m, 1H). [00695] Example 69: (i?)-N-(l -methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bi
Figure imgf000188_0001
[00696] To a solution of 2-bromo-l -methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazole (0.23 g, 1.1 mmol),
compound (i?)-A-2 (0.20 mg, 1.1 mmol), chloro-(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-diisopropoxy-l, r- biphenyl)[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]palladium(II)-methyl-t-butyl ether adduct (45 mg, 55 μιηοΐ) in toluene (5 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added potassium tert-butoxide (0.25 g, 2.2 mmol). The mixture was stirred at reflux for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography [A1203, ethyl acetate : methanol = 100: 1~ 0: 1] and prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-J; Column: Venusil XBP C 18 150 x 25 mm, particle size: 10 μπι;
Mobile phase: 2-32% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The solution was treated with 0.2 Ν hydrochloride acid to give:
Compound (i?)-69 (20 mg, 5% yield) as a white solid. : cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.824 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=1.793 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =312.2; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.72-7.69 (m, 2H), 7.55-7.47 (m, 2H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.84-3.67 (m, 3H), 3.60-3.33 (m, 5H), 2.49-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.17-1.96 (m, 3H).
[00697] Example 70: (i?)-N-(6-methylquinazolin-2-yl)spiro[4H-isoxazole-5,3'-quinuclidine]-3- amin -70)
Figure imgf000188_0002
[00698] To a mixture of compound B-78 (170 mg, 0.95 mmol) and compound (R)-A-2 (190 mg, 1.05 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (2 M in THF, 0.95 mL) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium (35 mg, 0.48 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified twice by prep-HPLC
[Instrument: GX-A; Column: GEMINI 250 x 50 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 35-44% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.5% NH3 H20, v/v)] and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-70 ( 15 mg, 5 % yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.941 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=1.736 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =324.2; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.15 (s, IH), 7.75-7.70 (m, 3H), 3.77 (d, J=16.8 Hz, IH), 3.44 (d, J=17.2 Hz, IH), 3.33-3.16 (m, 2H), 2.93-2.84 (m, 4H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.10 (m, 2H), 1.81-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.60-1.57 (m, IH).
[00699] Example 71: (i?)-N-(7-methylquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-71)
Figure imgf000189_0001
(") 7
[00700] To a mixture of compound B-81 (150 mg, 0.84 mmol) and compound (R)-A-2 (167 mg, 0.92 mmol) in dioxane (1.00 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (97 mg, 0.17 mmol), cesium carbonate (547 mg, 1.68 mmol) and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (77 mg, 0.084 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 1 10 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting solids were purified by prep-HPLC [GX-A; Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150 x 20mm, particle size: 10 μιη; Mobile phase: 20-48% water (0.05% ammonia hydroxide v/v)-ACN] . The combined fractions were lyophilized, treated with 2 M hydrochloric acid solution and again lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-71 ( 15 mg, 5 % yield) as yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.980 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=1.608 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =324.2; 1H-NMR (CD30D, 400 MHz): δ 9.50 (s, IH), 8.36 (s, IH), 8.29 (d, J=8.0 Hz, IH), 7.74 (d, J=8.0 Hz, IH), 3.68 (d, J=13.6 Hz, IH), 3.56 (d, J=14.8 Hz, IH), 3.45-3.35 (m, 6H), 2.75 (s, 3H), 2.36-2.28 (m, 3H), 2.16-2.10 (m, IH), 1.91-1.83 (m, IH).
[00701] Example 72: (i?)-N-(3-methylbenzo[ii]isothiazol-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-72)
Figure imgf000189_0002
[00702] To a mixture of compound B-83 (0.36 g, 1.6 mmol) and compound (i?)-A-2 (0.29 g, 1.6 mmol) in dioxane ( 10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (0.30 g, 3.2 mmol) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium (0.12 g, 0.16 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 40 °C for 19 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC
[Instrument: GX-J; Column: Venusil XBP C8 150 x 25 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 22- 52% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give: Compound (R)-12 (44 mg, 7.5% yield) as a yellow solid. cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.599 min., purity: 98.15%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.200 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =292.1; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.96 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (dd, J^l .2 Hz, J2=1.2 Hz, 1H), 3.71-3.64 (m, 2H), 3.48-3.31 (m, 6H), 2.69 (s, 3H), 2.45-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.12-2.09 (m, 1H), 1.99-1.92 (m, 2H).
[00703] Example 73: (i?)-N-(3-chlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-73-l) and (i?)-N-(3,5-dichlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine hydrochloride ((i?)-73-2)
Figure imgf000190_0001
[00704] To a mixture of compound B-84-1 and B-84-2 (300 mg, crude), compound (R)-A-2 (155 mg, 0.86 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (78 mg, 0.086 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (50 mg, 0.086 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.56 g, 1.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The components were separated by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-I; Column: YMC-Actus ODS-AQ C 18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 30-60% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.05% HCI, v/v)], and each set of combined fractions was lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-73-l (45 mg) as a white solid.: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.965 min., purity: 93.58%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.656 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =2.373; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.88 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (s, lH), 7.46 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7.24 (m, 1H), 3.72-3.38 (m, 8H), 2.45-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.12-2.1 1 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.90 (m, 2H), and
Compound (i?)-73-2 ( 15 mg) as a white solid.: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.648 min., purity: 98.13%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.172 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =366.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.37 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 3.72-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.63-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.36 (m, 5H), 2.41 (m, 2H), 2.17-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.91 (m, 2H).
[00705] Example 74: (i?)-N-(3-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-74)
Figure imgf000190_0002
[00706] A mixture of compound B-87 (0.23 g, 1.1 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.20 g, 1.1 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.10 g, 0.1 1 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (0.13 g, 0.22 mmol) and cesium carbonate (0.72 g, 2.2 mmol) in dioxane ( 10 mL) under nitrogen was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 18-48% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-74 (88 mg, 23% yield) as a white solid.: cSFC analytical (P) tR = 2.80 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR = 1.948 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 312.2; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.71 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.44-7.32 (m, 2H), 7.14 (dd, J = 8.4 Hz, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 3.68 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H), 3.61 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H), 3.49-3.43 (m, 2H), 3.44-3.40 (m, 4H), 2.42-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.1 1-2.09 (m, 1H), 2.00-1.90 (m, 2H).
[00707] Example 75: (i?)-N-(6-methylfuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)spiro[4H-isoxazole-5,3'- qu
Figure imgf000191_0001
[00708] To a mixture of compound B-89 (100 mg, 0.59 mmol) and compound (R)-A-2 (118 mg, 0.65 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (2 M in THF, 0.6 mL) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium (22 mg, 0.030 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 3 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-J; Column: Venusil XBP C8 150 x 25 mm, particle size: 10 μπι; Mobile phase: 22-52% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-75 ( 14 mg, 6 % yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.857 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=1.970 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =314.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.81 (s, 1H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 3.77-3.69 (m, 3H),3.60 (d, J=17.2 Hz, 1H), 3.42-3.38 (m, 4H), 2.55 (s, 3H), 2.47-2.40 (m, 2H),2.18-1.92 (m, 3H).
[00709] Example 76: (i?)-N-(3-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[ -3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-76)
Figure imgf000191_0002
[00710] To a mixture of compound B-91 (68 mg, 0.28 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (50 mg, 0.28 mmol) and cesium carbonate ( 180 mg, 0.56 mmol) in dioxane ( 10 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (25 mg, 0.028 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (32 mg, 0.055 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 1 10 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C18 150 x 30mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 27-57%] . The solution was treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-76 (21 mg, 20% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.350 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.441 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =348.1 ; i-NMR (DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 10.37 (s, 1H), 9.56 (s, 1H), 8.24 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.71-7.68 (m, 1H), 7.46 (dd, J! = 8.8 Hz, J2= 2.0 Hz, 1H) 3.66-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.15-3.15 (m, 9H), 2.18-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.94-1.93 (m, 1H), 1.82-1.74(m, 2H).
[00711] Example 77: (i?)-N-(3-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[6]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l '- aza
Figure imgf000192_0001
[00712] To a solution of compound B-96 (0.47 g, 1.7 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.30 g, 1.7 mmol) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl] - chloro-palladium (0.12 g, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 1.7 mL). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then poured into water ( 10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-J; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 25-55% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-77 (0.10 g, 16% yield) as a brown solid.: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.541 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR=2.516 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =382.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.26 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (dd, ^=8.8 Hz, J2=2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.69 (dd, J^M.O Hz, J2=2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.61 (d, J=13.2 Hz, 1H), 3.50-3.34 (m, 6H), 2.44-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.12-2.09 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.91 (m, 2H).
[00713] Example 78: (i?)-N-(2-chloro-3-fluorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole- 5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-78) CI
HCI
Figure imgf000193_0001
[00714] To a solution of compound B-99 (0.20 g, 0.75 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.14 g, 0.75 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (69 mg, 0.075 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosph- ino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (87 mg, 0.15 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.74 g, 2.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 110 °C for 16 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash column chramotagraphy (A1203, ethyl acetate: methanol =100: 1~ 1 : 1) and prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 33-63% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 N hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-78 (28 mg, 9% yield) as a white solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.867 min., purity: 99.53%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.21 1 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =366.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.09 (s, IH), 7.61 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.36 (dd, Jx=8.8 Hz, J2=2 Hz, IH), 3.71-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.49-3.33 (m, 6H), 2.47-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.14-2.1 1 (m, IH), 2.06-1.93 (m, 2H).
[00715] Example 79: (i?)-N-(quinolin-7-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-
Figure imgf000193_0002
[00716] To a mixture of 7-bromoquinoline (0.20 g, 0.96 mmol) and compound (R)-A-2 (0.21 g, 1.2 mmol) in toluene (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added potassium tert-butoxide (0.22 g, 1.9 mmol) and chloro-(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-diisopropoxy-l, r-biphenyl)[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]palladium(II) - methyl-t-butyl ether adduct (39 mg, 0.048 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-J; Column: Agela Venusil XBP-C18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 1-30% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-19 (20 mg, 6% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.066 min., purity: 100.00%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.733 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =309.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.01 (d, J=8.0 Hz, IH), 8.97 (d, J=5.2 Hz, IH), 8.64 (s, IH), 8.22 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 7.85 (t, J=6.8 Hz, IH), 7.75 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 3.79-3.75 (m, IH), 3.69-3.65 (m, IH), 3.61-3.57 (s, IH), 3.50- 3.38 (m, 5H), 2.48-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.17-1.96 (m, 3H). [00717] Example 80: (i?)-N-(quinolin-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine hydrochloride ((i?)-80)
Figure imgf000194_0001
[00718] To a mixture of 6-bromoquinoline (0.12 g, 0.55 mmol) and compound (R)-A-2 (0.12 g, 0.66 mmol) in toluene (2 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added potassium tert-butoxide (0.12 g, 1.1 mmol) and chloro-(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-diisopropoxy-l,r-biphenyl)[2-(2- aminoethyl)phenyl]palladium(II)-methyl-t-butyl ether adduct (22 mg, 0.027 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-J; Column: Agela Venusil XBP-C18 150 x 25 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 1-30% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-80 ( 15 mg, 8% yield) as a yellow solid: cSFC analytical (I) tR=3.412 min., purity: 100.00%; LCMS (GG): tR=1.721 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =309.1 ; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.04 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 9.00 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 8.07- 8.01 (m, 2H), 3.77-3.65 (m, 2H), 3.58-3.54 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.37 (m, 5H), 2.48-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.17-1.12 (m, 1H), 2.08-1.93 (m, 2H).
[00719] Example 81: (i?)-N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-81)
Figure imgf000194_0002
[00720] A mixture of compound B-102 (0.36 g, 0.83 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.15 g, 0.83 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.08 g, 0.08 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.54 g, 1.7 mmol) and 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (0.10 g, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) under nitrogen was stirred at 100 °C for 10 hours. On completion, the mixture was filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 24-54% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2Ν hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-81 (46 mg, 15% yield) as a yellow solid. : cSFC analytical (P) tR = 3.29 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR = 2.084 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 361.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.21 (s, 1H), 8.16 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 3.78 (d, J = 12.4 Hz, 1H), 3.76-3.62 (m, 2H), 3.55-3.37 (m, 5H), 2.45-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.14-2.05 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.96 (m, 2H).
[00721] Example 82: (i?)-N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-82)
Figure imgf000195_0001
[00722] To a solution of compound B-105 (0.36 g, 1.1 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.20 g, 1.1 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.10 g, 0.1 1 mmol), and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (0.13 g, 0.22 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.72 g, 2.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then poured into water ( 10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 20 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-J; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C 18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 28-58% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (i?)-82 (64 mg, 16% yield) as a yellow solid. : cSFC analytical (I) tR = 3.253 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR = 2.378 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 361.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.15 (s, lH), 8.34 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J= 10.0 Hz, 1H), 3.76-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.63-3.59 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.38 (m, 5H), 2.43-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.17-2.1 1 (m, 1H), 2.04-1.92 (m, 2H).
[00723] Example 83: (i?)-N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-83)
Figure imgf000195_0002
[00724] To a solution of compound B-108 (0.38 g, 1.1 mmol), compound (R)-A-2 (0.20 g, 1.1 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.10 g, 0.1 1 mmol) and 4,5- bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (0.13 g, 0.22 mmol) in dioxane (4 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added cesium carbonate (0.72 g, 2.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 4 hours, then poured into water ( 10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 30 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated in vacuo and purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-B; Column: Welch Ultimate AQ-C18 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μιη; Mobile phase: 24-54% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-83 (52 mg, 13% yield) as a yellow solid. : cSFC analytical (I) tR = 2.516 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (FF): tR = 2.477 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 377.1 ; i-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 9.35 (s, 1H), 8.33 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s, lH), 7.76 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 3.79- 3.64 (m, 3H), 3.56-3.34 (m, 5H), 2.46-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.16-1.96 (m, 3H).
[00725] Example 84: (i?)-N-(2,2-difluorobenzo[<i] [ l,3]dioxol-5-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine hydrochloride ((i?)-84)
Figure imgf000196_0001
[00726] To a solution of 5-bromo-2,2-difluorobenzo[<f] [ l,3]dioxole (0.39 g, 1.7 mmol),
compound (i?)-A-2 (0.30 g, 1.7 mmol) and dicyclohexyl-[2-(2,4,6- triisopropylphenyl)phenyl]phosphane-[2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]-chloro-palladium (0.12 g, 0.17 mmol) in dioxane (4 mL) under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium tert-butoxide (2 M in tetrahydrofuran, 1.7 mL). The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 12 hours, then poured into water (5 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 10 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by prep-HPLC [Instrument: GX-I; Column: YMC-Actus ODS-AQ 150 x 30 mm, particle size: 5 μπι; Mobile phase: 15-45% acetonitrile in H20 (add 0.1% TFA, v/v)] . The combined fractions were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give:
Compound (R)-84 (0.1 1 g, 20% yield) as a yellow solid. : cSFC analytical (I) tR=2.377 min., purity: 100%; LCMS (GG): tR=2.008 min., (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =338.1 ; ¾-NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.47 (s, 1H), 7.09 (s, 2H), 3.68 (dd, J^U.O Hz, J2=2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.59 (d, J=14.0 Hz, lH), 3.45-3.33 (m, 6H), 2.42-2.36 (m, 2H), 2.14-2.07 (m, 1H), 2.00-1.89 (m, 2H).
[00727] Example 85: The compounds in Table 2 were made according to the following general procedure: Ar
Figure imgf000196_0002
[00728] A mixture of aryl halide ( 1-2 eq.), compound A-2 (racemic or a single enantiomer, 1 eq.), palladium complex (0.05-0.10 eq.), ligand (0.05-0.10 eq), and base (1-2 eq.) in dioxane (5-10 mL/mmol) under nitrogen was heated with stirring at the indicated temperature for the indicated time. On completion, the mixture was filtered and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by prep HPLC or silica gel chromatography, and mixtures of enantiomers were separated by chiral SFC. Most compounds were treated with 0.2 M hydrochloric acid and lyophilized to give hydrochloride salts.
Table 2
Figure imgf000198_0001
Figure imgf000199_0001
[00729] Crystallization experiments
[00730] Example 86: (5)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine (2R,3R)- 2,3-dihydro
Figure imgf000200_0001
A 2 P1 (S) A 2 L tartaric acjd salt
[00731] A solution of (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid (86 mg, 0.6 mmol) in methanol (2 mL) was added to a solution of compound A-2-P1 ( 104 mg, 0.6 mmol) in methanol (2 mL) and water (2 mL). After standing overnight, the crystals were collected by filtration, washed with MeOH and air dried to afford compound (S)-A-2 Z-tartaric acid salt ( 1 13 mg, 59% yield) as white crystals. ¾ NMR (300 MHz, D20) δ 4.28 - 4.17 (m, 2H), 3.28 - 3.1 1 (m, 3H), 3.07 - 2.81 (m, 5H), 2.14 - 2.08 (m, 1H), 2.05 - 1.90 (m, 1H), 1.90 - 1.75 (m, 1H), 1.75 - 1.55 (m, 2H); mp: 205 °C (decomp.). X-ray analysis showed the absolute configuration of compound A-2-P1 to be S.
[00732] Single-crystal diffraction was performed on a Nonius KappaCCD single -crystal diffractometer using graphite monochromated Mo Ka radiation. During the measurement the crystal was cooled to -65 °C. Diffraction images were integrated using Eval l4. Intensity data were corrected for Lorentz and polarization effects. A semi empirical multi scan absorption correction was applied (SADABS).
[00733] Refinement was performed with standard methods (refinement against F2 of all reflections with SHELXL97) with anisotropic displacement parameters for the non -hydrogen atoms. All hydrogen atoms were placed at calculated positions and refined riding on the parent atoms. The right enantiomer was determined by careful examination of the Bijvoet pairs. Coordinate data from the X-ray analysis of the formed crystal of compound (S)-A-2 Z-tartaric acid salt are shown in Table 3, and its 3-D representation is shown in Figure 1.
Table 3:
X-ray Data:
Unit cell: 9.165 10.474 14.889 90.000 90.000 90.000
Space group: P 21 21 21
Figure imgf000201_0001
[00734] Example 87:
[00735] Human a7 nAChR Binding Assay
[00736] The ability of compounds to displace binding of radioactive ligands from human al nAChR was determined, as a measure of the affinity of the compounds for these ligand-gated ion channels. The [ I]-aBungarotoxin competition binding assay was performed under contract by Cerep Poitiers, France following published the methods (Sharpies et al , J Neurosci. 2000;
20(8):2783-91). "SH-SY5Y cells stably expressing human ot7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, grown to confluency in 175 cm2 flasks, were washed briefly with warm PBS containing (in mm): (150 NaCl, 8 K2HP04, 2 KH2P04, pH 7.4, 37°C) and scraped into cold phosphate buffer. Cells were washed by centrifugation for 3 min at 500 χ g and resuspended in 10 mL of ice-cold phosphate buffer. The suspension was homogenized for 10 sec using an Ultraturax and centrifuged for 30 min at 45,000 xg. The pellet was resuspended in phosphate buffer (0.5 mL per original flask). SH-SY5Y membranes (30 μg protein) were incubated in a total volume of 2 mL in 50 mM phosphate buffer with 0.05 nM [125I]-aBgt and serial dilutions of test compound. Nonspecific binding was determined in the presence of a-bungarotoxin (1 μΜ). Samples were incubated for 120 min at 37°C. The reaction was terminated by filtration through Whatman GFA/E filter paper (presoaked overnight in 0.3% polyethyleneimine in PBS), using a Brandel Cell Harvester. Each condition was measured in duplicate. Filters were counted for radioactivity using a scintillation counter. The results were expressed as a percent inhibition of control specific binding obtained in the presence of the test compounds where Inhibition (%) = 100 - [(measured specific binding/control specific binding) x 100].
[00737] The IC50 values (concentration causing a half-maximal inhibition of control specific binding) and Hill coefficients (nH) were determined by non-linear regression analysis of the competition curves generated with mean replicate values using Hill equation:
A-D
Y=D+[ -
1 +{C C5o)"H
where Y = specific binding, A = left asymptote of the curve, D = right asymptote of the curve, C = compound concentration, C50 = IC50, and nH = slope factor.
[00738] This analysis was performed using software developed at Cerep (Hill software) and validated by comparison with data generated by the commercial software SigmaPlot® 4.0 for Windows® (© 1997 by SPSS Inc.). The inhibition constants (¾ ) were calculated using the Cheng Prusoff equation:
Figure imgf000202_0001
where L = concentration of radioligand in the assay, and KD = affinity of the radioligand for the receptor.
[00739] A scatchard plot is used to determine the KD. Results are provided in Table 4 (reported as h-ot7 Ki (μΜ)).
[00740] [3H]BRL 43694 competition binding (h-5HT3 Ki (μΜ)) [00741] [ H]BRL 43694competition binding assay was performed under contract by Cerep Poitiers, France following the methods described in Hope, A.G et al., "Characterization of a human 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor type A (h5-HT3R-AS) subunit stably expressed in HEK 293 cells " Brit. J. Pharmacol., (1996) 118: 1237-1245.
[00742] In brief, Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing human 5-HT3 serotonin receptors, grown to confluence in 175 cm2 flasks. Following aspiration of the culture medium, cells were harvested by mechanical agitation in ice cold PBS containing (in mM): (150 NaCl, 8 K2HP04, 2 KH2P04, pH 7.4, 37°C), centrifuged at 4,000 g for 10 min and subsequently stored as a cell pellet at - 80 C. When required, the pellet was thawed and resuspended in ice cold homogenization buffer (Tris 50 mM, EGTA 5.0 mM, phenylmethylsulphonylfluoride 0.1 mM, pH 7.6) and homogenized. The homogenate was centrifuged at 48,000 g for 10 minutes at 40°C. The resulting pellet was resuspended in ice cold binding buffer comprising (in mM): NaCl 140, KC1 2.8, CaCl2 1.0; MgCl2, 2.0; HEPES 10 (pH 7.4) and centrifuged as above. The pellet was resuspended in ice cold binding buffer and the protein concentration was determined by the method of Lowry et al., "Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent " J. Biol. Chem., (1953) 193, 265-275). The membrane homogenate was adjusted to a protein concentration of approximately 600 mg/mL in binding buffer. Assay tubes were loaded with equal volumes of binding buffer containing [ H]BRL 43694 and test compound and 0.5 mL of membrane homogenate in a total reaction volume of 1 ml. Binding was initiated by the addition of the membrane homogenate and allowed to proceed for 120 min. at room temperature. Bound and free radioligand were separated by the addition of 3 ml of ice-cold binding buffer and immediate vacuum filtration through pre-soaked (0.1% (v/v) polyethyleneimine) Whatman GF/B filters. Filters were washed with a further 2 x 3 mL applications of binding buffer and counted for radioactivity using a scintillation counter.
[00743] The results were expressed as a percent inhibition of control specific binding obtained in the presence of the test compounds where Inhibition (%) = 100 - [(measured specific binding/control specific binding) x 100].
[00744] The IC50 values (concentration causing a half-maximal inhibition of control specific binding) and Hill coefficients (nH) were determined by non-linear regression analysis of the competition curves generated with mean replicate values using Hill equation
Figure imgf000203_0001
where Y = specific binding, A = left asymptote of the curve, D = right asymptote of the curve, C = compound concentration, C50 = IC50, and nH = slope factor. This analysis was performed using software developed at Cerep (Hill software) and validated by comparison with data generated by the commercial software SigmaPlot® 4.0 for Windows® (© 1997 by SPSS Inc.).
[00745] The inhibition constants (¾ ) were calculated using the Cheng Prusoff equation ' (HL/Ko)
where L = concentration of radioligand in the assay, and KD = affinity of the radioligand for the receptor.
[00746] A scatchard plot is used to determine the KD. Results are provided in Table 4 (reported as h-5HT3 Ki (μΜ)).
Table 4:
Figure imgf000204_0001
h- a7 h-5HT3
Compound ¾ (μΜ) Ki Oi )
19-P1 3
19-P2 0.19 >10
(R)-19 0.143 >10
20-P1 0.200 0.069
20-P2 8.95
(R)-20 0.195 0.11
21-P1 0.165 0.0415
21-P2 2.3
(R)-22 0.25 5.2
(R)-23 0.4 1.2
(R)-24 0.89 0.26
(R)-25 0.068 4.2
(R)-26 0.086 3.1
(R)-27 0.23 5.7
(R)-28 0.56
(R)-29 0.66
(R)-30 0.08 >10
(R)-3 l 1.5
(R)-32 1.3
(R)-33 0.44
(iQ-34 0.64 0.012
(iQ-35 1.7
(R)-36 0.63
(R)-37 0.75
(R)-38 1
(R)-39 1.2
(R)-40 0.047 >10
(R)-4l 0.47
(R)-42 0.066 >10
(iQ-43 0.21 5.9
(R)-44 0.39 >10
(iQ-45 0.225 >10
(R)-46 1.8 >10
(R)-47 0.335 >10
(R)-48 0.0425 >10
(R)-49 0.043 >10
(R)-50 0.205 6.2
(R)-5 l 0.77
(R)-52 0.0375 >10
(R)-53 0.025 >10
(R)-54 0.0827 >10 h- a7 h-5HT3
Compound ¾ (μΜ) Ki Oi )
(R)-55 0.17 2.2
(R)-56 0.051 >10
(R)-57 1.7
(R)-58 1.6
(R)-59 0.145 >10
(R)-60 0.1025 >10
(R)-6l 0.4 >10
(R)-62 0.047 >10
(R)-63 0.0545 >10
(R)-64 0.205 >10
(R)-65 0.41 >10
(R)-66 0.0945 4.5
(R)-67 0.425 >10
(R)-68 1.4
(R)-69 >30
(R)-70 0.03 >10
(R)-7l 6.4
(R)-72 0.135 >10
(i?)-73-l 0.033 4.9
(R)-73-2 4.2
(R)-74 0.0225 >10
(R)-75 0.57 >10
(R)-76 0.073 2.8
(R)-77 0.77
(R)-78 0.27 >10
(R)-79 0.18 5.6
CR)-80 0.18 >10
(R)-8l 0.18 >10
(R)-82 0.087 >10
(i?)-83 0.23 >10
(R)-U 0.95
(5)-85 >30
(i?)-85 >30
86-P1 >30
86-P2 2.5
87-P1 >30
87-P2 >30
88-P1 4.2
88-P2 >30
89-P1 3.3
89-P2 7.1 h- a7 h-5HT3
Compound ¾ (μΜ) ¾ (μΜ)
90-P1 >30
90-P2 >30
91-P1 >30
91-P2 >30
(R)-92 2.1
(R)-93 2.9
(R)-94 4.5
(R)-95 2.4
(R)-96 20 >10
(R)-97 12
98-P1 >30
98-P2 >30
(R)-99 >30 >10
(R)-100 >30 >10
[00747] For reference, the literature reported a7 nAChR agonist AQW051 has a Ki of 255 nM in the above described human a7 nAChR binding assay provided by Cerep (lit: Ki = 28 nM; radioligand binding assay using recombinantly expressed human a7-nAChR and [125I] a-BTX radioligand; Feuerbach et al , Br. J. Pharmacol., 2014, doi: 10.1 1 1 1/bph.13001).
[00748] All publications and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.
[00749] While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the invention and that methods and structures within the scope of these claims and their equivalents be covered thereby.

Claims

is claimed is:
A compound represented by Formula (I):
Figure imgf000208_0001
wherein:
W re M-II, M-III, or M-IV:
Figure imgf000208_0002
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000208_0003
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02C1-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3),
-N(R2)S02Ci-C -alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C -alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein: i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -S02Ci- C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, the -N^SOzd-d-alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2,
-N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3- C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2- haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl5 -S02N(R2)(R3),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the d-d-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N;
R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R5)(R6), -(CO)C C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02d-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C -alkyl, the -S02d-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R5)S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR5,
-(CH2)mOR5, -N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -(CH2)mN(R5)(R6), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02d-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR5, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR5, -(CH2)mOR5, -N(R5)(R6), -NR5(CO)(R6), -(CH2)mN(R5)(R6), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R5)(R6),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R5)(R6), -N(R5)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR5, -(CO)N(R5)(R6), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R5 and R6 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R5)(R6) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R5 and R6 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
X1 independently represents N or C;
A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N, NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, S, or CR8; with the proviso that only one A1, A2, and A3 is NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X1 is N, then A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8;
R7 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR9, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -
(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4- alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and wherein the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d- C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R9)(R10), -(CO)d-C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, the -S02d-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R9)S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR9,
-(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR9, -(CH2)mOR9, -N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -(CH2)mN(R9)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), -N(R9)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di -radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di -radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
X2 independently represents N or C;
A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; with the
proviso that only one A4, A5, and A6 is NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X2 is N, then A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N or CR12;
R11 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR13, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -
(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R1 )(R14), -S02C C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14),
Figure imgf000213_0001
-(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4- hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and wherein the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14),
-NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R1 )(R14), -SO.d-d-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02C!-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched d-d-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C - hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R1 )(R14), -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH^^O.d-C.-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R1 )S02C1-C4-alkyl, an aryl radical, a heteroaryl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C -alkyl, the -S02C!-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R1 )S02d- C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR13,
-(CH2)mOR13, -N(R13)(R14), -NR13(CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R13)(R14), -S02C!-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R1 )(R14), -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R13)(R14),
Figure imgf000214_0001
-(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR13, -(CH2)mOR13, -N(R1 )(R14), -NR1 (CO)(R14), -(CH2)mN(R13)(R14), -SO -Q-alkyl, -S02N(R13)(R14),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R1 )(R14), -N(R13)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched C C4- alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom
selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-phenyl-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(lH-indazol-3-yl)-4'H-4-azaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5'-isoxazol]-3'-amine;
N-(7-bromopyrrolo[2, l-f][l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(4-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(5 -chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(6-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(7-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(5-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(furo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and N-(furo[2,3-c]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine.
2. The compound of claim 1, wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-I:
Figure imgf000216_0001
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ*, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 are N;
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3),
-N(R2)S02Ci-C -alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -S02Ci- C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, the C3-C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2,
-N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
Figure imgf000216_0002
-(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3- C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical,
haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-phenyl-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine; and
N-(5 -methoxypyrimidin-2-yl) -4H- 1 ' -azaspiro [isoxazole -5,3' -bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine .
3. The compound of claim 1, wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-I:
Figure imgf000218_0001
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ*, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 are N;
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3),
-N(R2)S02Ci-C -alkyl, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein:
i) the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, the -S02Ci- C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, the C3-C -alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2,
-N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
Figure imgf000218_0002
-(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3- C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical,
haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical; and
ii) the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently
substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
-(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4- alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C.-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical;
with the proviso that:
i) when each member of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently
represent CR1, then no more than four of the R1 is -H;
ii) when both of Z1 and Z5 are N and Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1 with the R1 of Z3 representing -OCH3, then no more than one of the R1 of the Z2 and Z4 is -H; or
iii) when Z1 is N, each of Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent CR1, and adjacent members Z3 and Z4 form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C -alkyl di- radical; then:
a) no more than one of the R1 of the Z2 and Z5 is -H; or b) the C4-alkyl di-radical is independently substituted with at least one radical substituent;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di -radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di -radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
4. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein Z1 represents N; and Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 each independently represent CR1, with the proviso that when adjacent members Z3 and Z4 form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C4-alkyl di-radical; then:
i) no more than one of the R1 of the Z2 and Z5 is -H; or
ii) the C4-alkyl di-radical is independently substituted with at least one radical substituent.
5. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein Z2 represents N; and Z1, Z3, Z4, and Z5 each independently represent CR1.
6. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein Z3 represents N; and Z1, Z2, Z4, and Z5 each independently represent CR1.
7. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein Z1 and Z2 each represent N; and Z3, Z4, and Z5 each independently represent CR1.
8. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein Z1 and Z3 each represent N; and Z2, Z4, and Z5 each independently represent CR1.
9. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein Z1 and Z4 each represent N; and Z2, Z3, and Z5 each independently represent CR1.
10. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein Z1 and Z5 each represent N; and Z2, Z3, and Z4 each independently represent CR1, with the proviso that when the R1 of Z3 represents -OCH3, then no more than one of the R1 of the Z2 and Z4 is -H.
11. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein Z2 and Z3 each represent N; and Z1, Z4, and Z5 each independently represent CR1.
12. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein Z2 and Z4 each represent N; and Z1, Z3, and Z5 each independently represent CR1.
13. The compound of any one of claims 2-3, wherein each of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 independently represent CR1, with the proviso that no more than four of the R1 is -H.
14. The compound of any one of claims 2-13, wherein at least one, two, or three of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, represent CR1 with said R1 independently representing representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, may be substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical.
15. The compound of any one of claims 2-14, wherein one of the Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, or Z5, represent CR1 with said R1 independently representing an aryl radical or a heteroaryl radical; wherein the aryl radical or the heteroaryl radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, -CN, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3),
-(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical
16. The compound of any one of claims 2-14, wherein two adjacent members of the Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, or Z5, is (CR^CR1), wherein the (CR^CR1) forms a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur; wherein the C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical is optionally substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3),
-(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical
17. The compound of claim 16, wherein the C3-C -alkyl di-radical represents -CH2CH2CH2- or — CH2CH2CH2CH2— .
18. The compound of claim 16, wherein the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical represents - OCH2CH2CH2- -OCH2CH2N(H)-, -OCH2CH2N(Me)-, - CH2CH2CH2N(CO)(C1-C4-alkyl)-, - N(H)CH2CH20- -N(Me)CH2CH20-, -OCH2CH20-, -OCH2CH2- -OCH20-, -OCF20-, or - CH2CH2CH20-.
19. The compound of any one of claims 2-18, wherein the at least one, two, or three of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, represent CR1 with said R1 independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, - CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3.
20. The compound of any one of claims 2-18, wherein the at least one, two, or three of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5, represent CR1 with said R1 independently representing -H, -D, -F, -CI, cyclopropyl radical, -CF3, -OCH3, or -OCH2CF3.
21. The compound of any one of claims 2-20, wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z4, and Z5 independently represent CR1; with said R1 independently representing
-H, -D, -F, -CI, cyclopropyl radical, -CF3, -OCH3, or -OCH2CF3; and Z3 independently represent CR1; with said R1 representing -CI.
22. The compound of claim 1, wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-II:
Figure imgf000222_0001
independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N;
independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0; X1 independently represents N or C;
A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N, NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, S, or CR8; with the proviso that only one A1, A2, and A3 is NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X1 is N, then A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8;
R7 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR9, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, -
(CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
R8 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R9)(R10), -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl,
-(CO)N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), or -N^SO.d-d-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, the -S02d-C4- alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R9)S02d-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
R9 and R10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-(7-bromopyrrolo[2, l-fJ [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(furo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and N-(furo[2,3-c]pyridin-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine.
23. The compound of claim 1, wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-II:
Figure imgf000224_0001
wherein:
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent Ν or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N;
R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
X1 independently represents N or C;
A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N, NR7, N(CH2)mR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, S, or CR8;
with the proviso that only one A1, A2, and A3 is NR7, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X1 is N, then A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N or CR8; independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR9, -(CO)(CH2)mR9, - (CO)N(R9)(R10), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical; wherein the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C - alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R9)(R10), -(CC d-d-alkyl, -(CO)N(R9)(R10), -NR9(CO)(R10), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R9)(R10), -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R9)(R10), or -N(R9)S02d-C4-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -(CO)Ci-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4- alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02d-C4-alkyl, or the -N(R9)S02C1-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
with the proviso that:
a) when Z6 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, each of X1, Z7, and Z9 represent N, Z8 represents CR4, both A1 and A2 independently
8 3 8 8 3
represent CR , A represents CR and the R of the A represents -Br, then no more than two of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z8, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2;
b) when Z7 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X1 represents C, both Z8 and Z9 independently represent CR4, Z6 represents N, A3 represents O, and both A1 and A2 independently represent CR8, then no more than three of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z8, the R4 of the Z9, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2; or
c) when Z7 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X1 represents C, both Z6 and Z9 independently represent CR4, Z8 represents N, A3 represents O, and both A1 and A2 independently represent CR8, then no more than three of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z6, the R4 of the Z9, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2;
R9 and R10 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
24. The compound of any one of claims 22-23, wherein X1 represents C.
The compound of any one of claims 22-24, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by of the followi
Figure imgf000226_0001
wherein:
A1 and A2 independently represent N or CR8; and
A3 represents NR7, N(CH2)mR7, O, or S. The compound of claim 25, where s a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000227_0001
The compound of claim 26, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M
Figure imgf000227_0002
The compound of claim 27, wherein each of Z6, Z8, and Z9, independently represent CR4. The compound of claim 26, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M
Figure imgf000227_0003
The compound of claim 28, wherein each of Z6, Z7, and Zy, independently represent CR
The compound of claim 25, wherei a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000227_0004
The compound of claim 30, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M
Figure imgf000227_0005
32. The compound of claim 31, wherein each of Z8 and Z9 independently represent CR4; with the proviso that when both Z8 and Z9 represent CR4, A3 represents O, and both A1 and A2 represent CR8, then no more than three of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z8, the R4 of the Z9, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2.
33. The compound of claim 30, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M- II-4:
Figure imgf000228_0001
The compound of claim 33, wherein each of Z7 and Z9 independently represent CR4.
35. The compound of claim 25, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000228_0002
The compound of claim 35, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M-
Figure imgf000228_0003
37. The compound of claim 36, wherein each of Z6 and Z9 independently represent CR4.
38. The compound of claim 25, wherei s a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000228_0004
39. The compound of claim 38, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M- II-6:
Figure imgf000228_0005
40. The compound of claim 39, wherein each of Z6 and Z9 independently represent CR4; with the proviso that when both Z6 and Z9 represent CR4, A3 represents O, and both A1 and A2 represent CR8, then no more than three of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z6, the R4 of the Z9, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2.
41. The compound of claim 25, wherei s a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000229_0001
The compound of claim 41, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M
Figure imgf000229_0002
The compound of claim 42, wherein each of Z6 and Z8 independently represent CR4.
The compound of claim 41, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M
Figure imgf000229_0003
The compound of claim 44, wherein each of Z6 and Z7 independently represent CR4
46. The compound of claim 25, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000229_0004
47. The compound of claim 46, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M- II-9:
Figure imgf000229_0005
48. The compound of claim 44, wherein Z6 independently represents CR4.
49. The compound of any one of claims 24-48, wherein A1 and A2 independently represent CR8.
50. The compound of any one of claims 24-48, wherein A1 represents N and A2 independently represent CR8.
51. The compound of any one of claims 24-48, wherein A1 represents CR8 and A2 independently represent N.
52. The compound of any one of claims 24-51, wherein A3 represents NR7.
53. The compound of any one of claims 24-51, wherein A3 represents N(CH2)mR7.
54. The compound of any one of claims 24-51, wherein A3 represents O.
55. The compound of any one of claims 24-51, wherein A3 represents S.
56. The compound of any one of claims 24-55, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical or =0.
56. The compound of any one of claims 24-55, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3.
57. The compound of any one of claims 24-55, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCH3, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, or -OCF3.
58. The compound of any one of claims 24-55, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, or -CF3.
59. The compound of any one of claims 24-55, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI.
60. The compound of any one of claims 24-55, wherein R independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C4- cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0.
60. The compound of any one of claims 24-55, wherein R8 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2; wherein the alkyl portion of the -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, or the -OCH(CH3)2, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, -F, -CI, or =0.
60. The compound of any one of claims 24-55, wherein R8 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, or -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3.
60. The compound of any one of claims 24-55, wherein R8 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, or -CF3.
61. The compound of any one of claims 24-60, wherein the M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M-II-1, wherein:
Z6, Z8, and Z9 independently represent CR4, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F,
-CI;
A1 represents CR8, wherein R8 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3,
-CH2F, -CHF2, or -CF3;
A2 represents CR8, wherein R8 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3,
-CH2F, -CHF2, or -CF3; and
A3 represents O or S.
62. The compound of claim 61, wherein Z6, Z8, and Z9 independently represent CR4, wherein R4 independently represents -H or -D.
63. The compound of any one of claims 24-60, wherein the M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M-II-9, wherein:
Z6 independently represents CR4, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F,
-CI;
A1 represents CR8. wherein R8 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3,
-CH2F, -CHF2, or -CF ;
A2 represents CR8, wherein R8 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3,
-CH2F, -CHF2, or -CF3; and
A3 represents O or S.
64. The compound of claim 63. wherein Z6 independently represent CR4, wherein R4 independently represents -H or -D.
65. The compound of any one of claims 61-64, wherein:
A1 represents CR8, wherein R8 independently represents -F, -CI, -CH3, -CH2F,
-CHF2, or -CF3; and
A2 represents CR8, wherein the R8 independently represents -H or -D.
66. The compound of any one of claims 61-64, wherein:
A1 represents CR8. wherein the R8 independently represents -H or -D; and
A2 represents CR8, wherein R8 independently represents -F. -CI, -CH3, -CH2F,
-CHF,, or -CF3.
67. The compound of any one of claims 61-64, wherein AJ represents O.
68. The compound of any one of claims 61-64, wherein A3 represents S.
69. The compound of any one of claims 22-23, wherein X1 represents N.
70. The compound of claim 69, wherei s a moiety represented by:
Figure imgf000232_0001
wherein A1, A2 and A3 independently represent N or CR8, with the proviso that when Z6 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aininoisoxazoline moiety, each of Z7 and Z9 represent N, Z8 represents CR4, both A1 and A2 independently represent CR8, A3 represents CR8 and the R8 of the A3 represents -Br, then no more than two of the following is -H: the R4 of the Z8, the R8 of the A1, and the R8 of the A2.
71. The compound of claim 70, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M- 11-10:
Figure imgf000233_0001
The compound of claim 71, wherein each of Zb. Z8, and Z9, independently represent CR4. The compound of claim 70, wherein M-II represents a moiety represented by ring system M-
Figure imgf000233_0002
74. The compound of claim 73, wherein each of Z6, Z7, and Z9, independently represent CR4.
75. The compound of any one of claims 69-74, wherein A1, A2, and A3 independently represent CR8.
76. The compound of any one of claims 69-74, wherein A1 independently represents N, and A2 and A3 independently represent CR8.
77. The compound of any one of claims 69-74, wherein A2 independently represents N, and A1 and A3 independently represent CR8.
78. The compound of any one of claims 69-74, wherein A3 independently represents N, and A1 and A2 independently represent CR8.
79. The compound of any one of claims 69-74, wherein A1 and A2 independently represent N, and A3 independently represents CR8.
80. The compound of any one of claims 69-74, wherein A1, A2, and A3 independently represent N.
81. The compound of any one of claims 69-80, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical or =0.
82. The compound of any one of claims 69-81, wherein R8 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4- cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C4- cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0.
83. The compound of claim 1, wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-III:
Figure imgf000234_0001
wherein:
Z Z Z and Z4
Figure imgf000234_0002
Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi- C2-haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical;
X2 independently represents N or C;
A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; with the proviso that only one A4, A5, and A6 is NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X2 is N, then A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N or CR12;
R11 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR13, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -
(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0,
R12 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
R13 and R14 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(6 -methoxybenzo [d] thiazol -2 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5,3' -bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(lH-indazol-3-yl)-4'H-4-azaspiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5'-isoxazol]-3'-amine;
N-(4-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(5 -chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(6-chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(7-chlorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and [d]oxazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine.
84. The compound of claim 1, wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-III:
Figure imgf000237_0001
wherein:
Z Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000237_0002
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), or -N(R2)S02Ci-C -alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4- alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C - alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, or the
-N(R2)S02Ci-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2,
-(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02d-C4- alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3),
Figure imgf000237_0003
-(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi- C2-haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C -alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical;
X2 independently represents N or C;
A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N, NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, S, or CR12; with the proviso that only one A4, A5, and A6 is NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S; with the further proviso that when X2 is N, then A4, A5, and A6 independently represent N or CR12;
R11 independently represents -H, -D, -S02(CH2)mR13, -(CO)(CH2)mR13, -
(CO)N(R1 )(R14), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or a (3-6 membered)- heterocycloalkyl radical, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, or the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0,
R12 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3- C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
with the proviso that:
a) when A5 represents CR12 and the R12 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X2 represents C, A4 represents N, and A6 represents S, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then: i) no more than three of the R1 is -H;
ii) if one R1 is -CI, then no more than two of the R1 is -H; or iii) if one of the R1 of either Z2 or Z3 is -OMe, then no more than two of the R1 is -H;
b) when A4 represents CR12 and the R12 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X2 represents C, A5 represents N, and A6 represents NR11, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then no more than four of the following is -H: the R11 of the A6 and the R1 of the Z1 to Z4;
c) when A5 represents CR12 and the R12 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X2 represents C, A4 represents CR12, A6 represents S, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then no more than four of the following is -H: the R12 of the A4 and the R1 of the Z1 to Z4; or
d) when A5 represents CR12 and the R12 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, X2 represents C, A4 represents N, A6 represents O, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, then no more than three of the R1 is -H;
R13 and R14 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a
branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
85. The compound of any one of claims 83-84, wherein X1 represents C.
86. The compound of any one of claims 83-85, wherein M-III represents a moiety represented by M-III- 1 :
M'llfl
Figure imgf000240_0001
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent N or CR1, with the proviso that no more than two of
Z1, Z2, Z\ and Z4 are N;
A4 represent N or CR12; and
A6 represents NR11, N(CH2)mRn, O, or S;
with the proviso that:
a) when A4 represents N, and Ab represents S, and each of Z1, Z2. Z3. and Z4 represents CR1, then:
i) no more than three of the R1 is -H;
ii) if one R1 is -CI, then no more than two of the R1 is -H; or
iii) if one of the R1 of either Z2 or Z3 is -OMe, then no more than two of the R1 is -H; b) when A4 represents CR12, A6 represents S, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 represents CR1, then no more than four of the following is -H: the R12 of the A4 and the R1 of the Z1 to Z4; or c) when A4 represents N, A6 represents O, and each of Z1, Z2, Z3. and Z4 represents CR1, then no more than three of the R1 is -H.
87. The compound of any one of claims 85-86, wherein A4 represents N.
88. The compound of any one of claims 85-86, wherein A4 represents CR12.
89. The compound of any one of claims 85-90, wherein A6 represents NR11.
90. The compound of any one of claims 85-90, wherein A6 represents N(CH2)mRn.
91. The compound of any one of claims 85-90, wherein A6 represents O.
92. The compound of any one of claims 85-90, wherein A6 represents S.
93. The compound of any one of claims 85-92, wherein each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent CR1.
94. The compound of any one of claims 85-93, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or -S02Ci-C4- alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4- alkyl, or the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -S02C1-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4- cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical.
95. The compound of any one of claims 85-94, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OC1-C4- alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or -S02Ci-C - alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C - alkyl, or the -S02Ci-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2- haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical.
96. The compound of any one of claims 85-95, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, -OCH2CF3, or -S02CH3.
97. The compound of any one of claims 85-96, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, cyclopropyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCH3, or -OCF3.
98. The compound of any one of claims 85-97, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, cyclopropyl radical, -CF3, or -OCH3.
The compound of any one of claims 85-98, wherein R11 independently represents -H, -D, 2CH3, -(CO)CH3, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, or a cyclopropyl radical.
100. The compound of any one of claims 85-99, wherein R independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4- hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical.
101. The compound of any one of claims 85-100, wherein R12 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2,
-O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3.
102. The compound of any one of claims 85-101, wherein R12 independently represents -H, -D, -F, or -CH3.
103. The compound of claim 1, wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV:
Figure imgf000242_0001
wherein:
Z Z Z3, and Z4 independently represent N or CR ; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000242_0002
RJ independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), or -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C - alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the
-(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di- radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4- alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02d-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical; Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N;
R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0; and
m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
with the proviso that the aminoisoxazoline compound represented by Formula (I) is exclusive of:
N-(isoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine .
104. The compound of claim 1, wherein the W is represented by the moiety represented by the ring system M-IV:
Figure imgf000244_0001
wherein:
Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent Ν or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two
Figure imgf000244_0002
R1 independently represent -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), or -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl; or when adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C - cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C - alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C -alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4- alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the
-(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di- radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be
independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -SO.d-C.-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4- alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N^SO.d-C alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C - alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical;
R2 and R3 independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, or the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6- alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3- 6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl,
-(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical;
Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two ofZ6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 are N; R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-
C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, a (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3- C6-cycloalkyl radical, the (3-6 membered)-heterocycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0;
with the proviso that when Z8 represents CR4 and the R4 is the bond directly attaching the W moiety with the aminoisoxazoline moiety, each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 independently represent CR1, both Z6 and Z9 independently represent CR4, and Z7 represents N, then no more than five of the following is -H: the R1 of the Z1 to Z4, the R4 of the Z6, and the R4 of the Z9; and m independently represents an integer from 1 to 6;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
The compound of any one of claims 103-104, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented of the follo
Figure imgf000246_0001
The compound of claim 105, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by ring system
Figure imgf000246_0002
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two Z2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z7 and Z9 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z7 and Z9 are N.
107. The compound of claim 106, wherein each of Z7 and Z9, independently represent CR4.
108. The compound of claim 105, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by ring system
M-IV-2:
Figure imgf000247_0001
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two Z2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z6 and Z9 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z6 and Z9 are N; with the further proviso that when each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 represents CR1, and both Z6 and Z9 represent CR4, then no more than five of the following is -H: the R1 of the Z1 to Z4, the R4 of the Z6, and the R4 of the Z9.
109. The compound of claim 108, wherein each of Z6 and Z9, independently represent CR4.
110. The compound of claim 105, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by ring system M-IV-3:
Figure imgf000247_0002
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two Z2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z6 and Z7 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than one of Z6 and Z7 are N.
111. The compound of claim 110, wherein each of Z6 and Z7, independently represent CR4.
112. The compound of any one of claims 105-111, wherein each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent CR1.
113. The compound of claim 105, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by ring system M-IV-4:
Figure imgf000247_0003
wherein Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than one ofZ2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z6, Z7, and Z9 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, and Z9 are N.
114. The compound of claim 113, wherein each of Z6, Z7, and Z9, independently represent CR4.
115. The compound of any one of claims 113-114, wherein each of Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent CR1.
116. The compound of claim 105, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by ring system M-IV-5:
Figure imgf000248_0001
wherein Z1, Z2, and Z3 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than one ofZ1, Z2, and Z3 are N, and wherein Z6, Z7, and Z9 may independently represent N or CR4; with the proviso that no more than two of Z6, Z7, and Z9 are N.
117. The compound of claim 116, wherein each of Z6, Z7, and Z9, independently represent CR4.
118. The compound of any one of claims 113-114, wherein each of Z1, Z2, and Z3, independently represent CR1.
119. The compound of claim 105, wherein M-IV represents a moiety represented by ring system M-IV-6:
Figure imgf000248_0002
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 may independently represent N or CR1; with the proviso that no more than two Z2, Z3, and Z4 are N, and wherein Z6 independently represents CR4.
120. The compound of claim 119, wherein each of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, independently represent CR1.
121. The compound of any one of claims 105-120, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, -N(R2)(R3), -(CO)N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3), -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02C1-C4-alkyl, -(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), or -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl; or when adjacent members of Zl, Z2, Z3, and Z4, is (CR^CR1), the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4- cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, the branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, the -S02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl, the -N(R2)S02C C4-alkyl, the C3-C4-alkyl di-radical, or the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, -N(R2)(R3), -NR2(CO)(R3),
-(CH2)mN(R2)(R3), -S02d-C4-alkyl, -S02N(R2)(R3), -(CH2)mS02Ci-C4-alkyl,
-(CH2)mS02N(R2)(R3), -N(R2)S02Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)(CH2)mR2, -(CO)N(R2)(R3), an unbranched d- C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C -hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2-haloalkyl radical.
122. The compound of any one of claims 105-121, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, a C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, or -S02CH3; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, the branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl, or the -S02CH3, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, =0, -OR2, -(CH2)mOR2, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, a Ci-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, a Ci-C2-haloalkyl radical, or -OCi-C2- haloalkyl radical.
123. The compound of any one of claims 105-122, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -Br, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, a cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O- cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, -OCH2CF3, or -S02CH3.
124. The compound of any one of claims 105-123, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCH3, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, or -OCF3.
125. The compound of any one of claims 105-124, wherein R1 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, or -CH3.
126. The compound of any one of claims 105-125, wherein adjacent members of Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, is (CR^CR1), wherein the (CR^CR1) may form a cycle such that the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents a C3-C4-alkyl di-radical or represents a (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.
127. The compound of claim 126, wherein the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents the C3-C4-alkyl di-radical.
128. The compound of claim 127, wherein the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents -CH2CH2CH2- or -CH2CH2CH2CH2-.
129. The compound of claim 126, wherein the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents the (3-4 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical with at least one ring atom of the (3-4 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.
130. The compound of claim 129, wherein the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents - OCH2CH2CH2- -OCH2CH2N(H)-, -OCH2CH2N(C1-C4-alkyl)-, - CH2CH2CH2N(CO)(C1-C4-alkyl)-, -N(H)CH2CH20- -Nid-C.-alky^CH.CH.O-, -OCH2CH20- -OCH2CH2- -OCH20- -OCF20- or -CH2CH2CH20-.
131. The compound of claim 130, wherein the adjacent R1 substitutents taken together represents - OCH2CH2CH2- -OCH2CH2N(H)-, -OCH2CH2N(Me)-, - CH2CH2CH2N(CO)(C1-C4-alkyl)-, - N(H)CH2CH20- -N(Me)CH2CH20- -OCH2CH20- -OCH2CH2- -OCH20- -OCF20- or - CH2CH2CH20-.
132. The compound of any one of claims 105-131, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, halogen radical, -CN, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, an unbranched -OCi-C4-alkyl, a branched or cyclic -OC3-C4-alkyl; wherein the alkyl portion of the unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, the branched C3-C -alkyl radical, the C3-C6- cycloalkyl radical, the unbranched -OCi-C -alkyl, or the branched or cyclic -OC3-C -alkyl, may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising: -D, halogen radical, or =0.
133. The compound of any one of claims 105-132, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, cyclopropyl radical, cyclobutyl radical, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -CH2CF3, -OCH3, -OCH2CH3, -OCH2CH2CH3, -OCH(CH3)2, -O-cyclopropyl, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, -OCF3, or -OCH2CF3.
134. The compound of any one of claims 105-133, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CN, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCH3, -OCHF2, -OCH2F, or -OCF3.
135. The compound of any one of claims 105-134, wherein R4 independently represents -H, -D, -F, -CI, -CH3, -CH2F, -CHF2, or -CF3.
136. The compound of any one of claims 2-21 or 103-135, wherein R2, R3, or both R2 and R3, independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical, or a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical.
137. The compound of claim 136, wherein the R2, R3, or both R2 and R3, independently represent -H, -D, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, or a cyclobutyl radical.
138. The compound of any one of claims 2-21 or 103-137, wherein the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle such that R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered) -heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical.
139. The compound of claim 138, wherein the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R2 and R3 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di-radical.
140. The compound of any one of claims 22-82, wherein R9, R10, or both R9 and R10, -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical, or a C3-C6-cycloalkyl radical.
141. The compound of claim 140, wherein the R9, R10, or both R9 and R10, independently represent -H, -D, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, or a cyclobutyl radical.
142. The compound of any one of claims 22-82, wherein the N(R9)(R10) moiety forms a cycle such that R9 and R10 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di- radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4- alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical, -(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4- alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C4- alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C -alkyl radical.
143. The compound of claim 142, wherein the N(R2)(R3) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R9 and R ° taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di-radical.
144. The compound of any one of claims 83-102, wherein R13, R14, or both R13 and R14, independently represent -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C -alkyl radical, a branched C3-C -alkyl radical, or a C3-C -cycloalkyl radical.
145. The compound of claim 144, wherein the R13, R14, or both R13 and R14, independently represent -H, -D, -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH(CH3)2, a cyclopropyl radical, or a cyclobutyl radical.
146. The compound of any one of claims 83-102, wherein the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle such that R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or a (3-6 membered)- heteroalkyl di-radical; wherein the (3-6 membered)-heteroalkyl di-radical comprises at least one ring atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, with the proviso that when the at least one ring atom is nitrogen, the nitrogen is independently substituted with -H, -D, an unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl radical, a branched C3-C4-alkyl radical, a C3-C4-cycloalkyl radical,
-(CO)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, -(CO)-branched C3-C4-alkyl, -(S02)-unbranched Ci-C4-alkyl, or -(S02)-branched C3-C -alkyl, and with the further proviso that when the at least one ring atom is sulfur, the sulfur may be independently substituted with 0 to 2 =0; wherein the C2-C6-alkyl di-radical or the alkyl portion of said (3-6 membered) -heteroalkyl di-radical may be independently substituted with up to 5 radical substituents comprising -D, halogen radical, =0, an unbranched Ci-C6-alkyl radical, or a branched C3-C6-alkyl radical.
147. The compound of claim 146, wherein the N(R1 )(R14) moiety forms a cycle, wherein R13 and R14 taken together represent a C2-C6-alkyl di-radical.
148. The compound of any one of claims 1-147, wherein m independently represents an integer from 1 to 4.
149. The compound of any one of claims 1-148, wherein m independently represents an integer from 1 to 2.
150. The compound of any one of claims 1-149, wherein the compound is represented by Formula (la):
Figure imgf000253_0001
The compound of any one of claims 1-149, wherein the compound is represented by Formula
Figure imgf000253_0002
152. The compound of any one of claims 1-151, wherein the compound is the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
153. The compound of any one of claims 1-152, wherein the compound is a single enantiomer or a single diastereomer.
154. The compound of claim 153, wherein the compound is a single enantiomer.
155. The compound of claim 153, wherein the compound is a single diastereomer.
156. The compound of any one of claims 1-155, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
N-(pyrrolo [2, 1 -fj [ 1 ,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - amine;
N-(6 -methylbenzo [d]thiazol -2 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5,3' -bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(6-cyclopropylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(6-fluorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(5-chloro-6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
N-(6-chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(7-chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(quinazolin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(8-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(5 -chloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(5-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(5 -cyclopropylbenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(5 -fluorobenzo [d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine;
N-(5-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
2-((4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -yl)amino)benzo [d]thiazole-5 - carbonitrile;
N-(5,6-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(6,7-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(5,7-dichlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(6-chloro-5,7-difluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3 -chlorophenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N- 3 -chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -
N- 3 -chloro-4 -cyclopropylphenyl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -
N- 4-chloro-3 -(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -
N- 4-chloro-3-cyclopropylphenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-
N- 4-chloro-3 -methoxyphenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; N- 2-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N- 2-methylbenzofuran-5 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N- 2-methylbenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -
N- 2-methylbenzo [b]thiophen-5 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -
N- 7-fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N- 6- fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N- 7- methoxyisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N- 6-methoxyisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine; N- 6- chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N- 7- chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H- l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine N- 2 -methylbenzo [d]thiazol -6 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5,3' -bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -
N- 2-methylbenzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3-
N- 6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- -amine:
N- 2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- N- 2-chlorobenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - N- 2,3-difluorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-3H-l'-azaspiro[furan-2,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-4- N- 3 -methylbenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - N- l-methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- -amine; N-(l-methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(6,7-difluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(6,7-dichloroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(2-chlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; N-( 1 -methyl- lH-indazol-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-( 1 -methyl- lH-indazol-5 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine; N-(3-methylbenzo[d]isoxazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(2-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-( 1 ,2-dimethyl- lH-benzo [d] imidazol-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(l-methyl-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
N-(6-methylquinazolin-2-yl)spiro[4H-isoxazole-5,3'-quinuclidine]-3-amine;
N-(7-methylquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(3-methylbenzo[d]isothiazol-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3-chlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(3,5-dichlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(3-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(6-methylfuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)spiro[4H-isoxazole-5,3'-quinuclidine]-3-amine;
N-(3 -chlorobenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - amine;
N-(3-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-chloro-3 -fluorobenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(quinolin-7-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(quinolin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2] octan]-3- amine;
N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine; N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d] [ l,3]dioxol-5-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
2-((4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -yl)amino)benzo [d]thiazole-6- carbonitrile;
N-(6-(trifluoromethyl) benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(quinolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(pyridin-2 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(4,5,6-trifluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
N-(4-cyclopropyl-3 -methoxyphenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - amine;
N-(quinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 ' -azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-methylimidazo [ 1 ,2-a]pyridin-7-yl)-4H- l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-( 1 ,2-dimethyl - 1 H-benzo [d] imidazol -5 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-methylthieno[3,2-c]pyridin-6-yl)spiro[4H-isoxazole-5,3'-quinuclidine]-3-amine; and N-(2-methylfuro[3,2-c]pyridin-6-yl)spiro[4H-isoxazole-5,3'-quinuclidine]-3-amine;
and single (R)- or (S)- enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
157. The compound of any one of claims 1-155, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
N-(2-fluorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; N-(6,7-dichloroquinazolin-2-yl) -4H- l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(6-chlorothieno [2,3 -d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] - 3 -amine;
N-(5-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)thieno [2,3 -d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5 ,3 '- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; N-(7-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(7-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(6,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5, 3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-methylfuro[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(2-chlorofuro[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3 -methylthieno [3 ,2-c]pyridin-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 - amine;
N-(3-(difluoromethyl)benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-chlorothieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3-methylisothiazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3-methylisothiazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(2-cyclopropylbenzo [b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] - 3 -amine;
2,2-difluoro-N-(4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-yl)-[l,3]dioxolo[4,5- g] isoquinolin-7 -amine ;
N-(5 -chlorothieno[2,3 -d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] - 3 -amine;
N-(5-fluoro-6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(6-chloro-5-fluorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(6-cyclopropylquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine; N-(7-cyclopropylquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(2-chloro-3-fluorothieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3-fluoro-2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
N-(3-chlorofuro[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
N-(3-chlorothieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine; and
N-(6-( IH-imidazol- 1 -yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 - amine;
and single (R)- or (S)- enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
158. The compound of any one of claims 1-156, wherein the compound is the (R)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the (R)- enantiomer.
159. The compound of any one of claims 1-156, wherein the compound is the (S)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the (S)- enantiomer.
160. The compound of any one of claims 1-155 or 157, wherein the compound is the (R)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the (R)- enantiomer.
161. The compound of any one of claims 1-155 or 157, wherein the compound is the (S)- enantiomer, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the (S)- enantiomer.
162. The compound of any one of claims 1-156 or 158, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
(i?)-N-(6-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(7-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (R)-N-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; (i?)-N-(quinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(2-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (R) -N-(7 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; (R) -N-(6 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; (i?)-N-(6-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(7-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-memylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
(R)-N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzofliran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(3-chlorobenzofuran-6-yl)-4H- -azaspiro[isoxazole-5.3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octaii]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(3-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (R)-N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
(i?)-N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H- l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine; and
(i?)-N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
163. The compound of any one of claims 1-156, 158, or 162, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
(i?)-N-(7-fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2]octan] -3 -amine ; (i?)-N-(6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine;
(R)-N-(2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
(i?)-N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5.3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole-5, 3 '-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan] - 3 -amine; and
(i?)-N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
164. The compound of any one of claims 1-21, 136-139, 148-156, 158, or 162, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of: (R)-N-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H- l'-azaspiro [isoxazole-5 ,3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
165. The compound of any one of claims 1, 22-82, 140-143, 148-156, 158, or 162, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
(i?)-N-(2-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
(R) -N-(2 -chlorobenzofuran-6-yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; (R) -N-(3 -chlorobenzofuran-6-yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ; and
(i?)-N-(3-methylbenzofuran-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
166. The compound of claim 165, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
(i?)-N-(2-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridin-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; and
(i?)-N-(2-chlorobenzo[b]thiophen-6-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3- amine;
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
167. The compound of any one of claims 1, 103-139, 148-156, 158, or 162, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
(i?)-N-(6-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(7-chloroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(quinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(R) -N-(7 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(R) -N-(6 -fluoroisoquinolin-3 -yl) -4H- 1 '-azaspiro [isoxazole -5 , 3 '-bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
(i?)-N-(6-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(7-chloroquinazolin-2-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine;
(i?)-N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
(i?)-N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine; and
(i?)-N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)isoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'- bicyclo [2.2.2] octan] -3 -amine ;
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
168. The compound of claim 167, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
(i?)-N-(7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l '-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(7-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-methylisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-r-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-3-amine; (i?)-N-(6-chloro-7-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-
3 -amine; and
(i?)-N-(7-chloro-6-fluoroisoquinolin-3-yl)-4H-l'-azaspiro[isoxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]- 3 -amine;
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
169. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising:
i) the compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, of any one of claims 1 -168; and ii) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
170. A method of treating a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to the patient the pharmaceutical composition of claim 169.
171. A method of treating a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to the patient the compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, of any one of claims 1 -168.
172. A method of improving cognition of a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient the compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, of any one of claims 1-168.
173. A method of improving cognition of a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising:
i) the compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, of any one of claims 1 -168; and ii) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
174. A method of treating or improving one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive disease and/or a cognitive impairment in a patient in need thereof, comprising: administering to the patient the compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, of any one of claims 1-168.
175. A method of treating or improving one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive disease and/or a cognitive impairment in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising:
i) the compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, of any one of claims 1-168; and ii) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
176. The method of any one of claims 170-175, wherein the patient suffers from a cognitive impairment, suffers from a cognitive loss associated with a cognitive impairment, or suffers from one or more symptoms associated with a cognitive impairment.
177. The method of claim 176, wherein the cognitive impairment comprises Limited Cognitive Impairment (LCI), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease, dementia of an
Alzheimer's-type, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, positive symptoms of schizophrenia, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, schizophrenia with dementia, or major depressive disorder.
178. The method of claim 176, wherein the cognitive impairment is Limited Cognitive Impairment (LCI).
179. The method of claim 176, wherein the cognitive impairment is Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).
180. The method of claim 176, wherein the cognitive impairment is Alzheimer's disease.
181. The method of claim 176, wherein the cognitive impairment is dementia of an Alzheimer' s- type.
182. The method of claim 176, wherein the cognitive impairment is schizophrenia.
183. The method of claim 176, wherein the cognitive impairment is schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, or delusional disorder.
184. The method of claim 176. wherein the cognitive impainnent comprises positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
185. The method of claim 176, wherein the cognitive impairment comprises negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
186. The method of claim 176, wherein the cognitive impairment is schizophrenia with dementia.
187. The method of claim 176. wherein the cognitive impainnent is major depressive disorder.
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