WO2009063142A2 - Procede de demarrage d'un cycle de refrigeration a melange d'hydrocarbures - Google Patents
Procede de demarrage d'un cycle de refrigeration a melange d'hydrocarbures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009063142A2 WO2009063142A2 PCT/FR2008/001223 FR2008001223W WO2009063142A2 WO 2009063142 A2 WO2009063142 A2 WO 2009063142A2 FR 2008001223 W FR2008001223 W FR 2008001223W WO 2009063142 A2 WO2009063142 A2 WO 2009063142A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- refrigerant
- refrigeration circuit
- natural gas
- cycle
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 ethylene, propylene Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000907897 Tilia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
- F25J1/0092—Mixtures of hydrocarbons comprising possibly also minor amounts of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
- F25J1/0215—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle
- F25J1/0216—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
- F25J1/0218—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one or more SCR cycles, e.g. with a C3 pre-cooling cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0237—Heat exchange integration integrating refrigeration provided for liquefaction and purification/treatment of the gas to be liquefied, e.g. heavy hydrocarbon removal from natural gas
- F25J1/0238—Purification or treatment step is integrated within one refrigeration cycle only, i.e. the same or single refrigeration cycle provides feed gas cooling (if present) and overhead gas cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0247—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control start-up of the process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
- F25J1/025—Details related to the refrigerant production or treatment, e.g. make-up supply from feed gas itself
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for starting a refrigeration cycle containing a mixture of hydrocarbons.
- the invention also relates to a process for liquefying natural gas using this starting method.
- the liquefaction of natural gas requires cooling by a cooling unit to a cryogenic temperature of -155 ° C during liquefaction and then down to -162 ° C storage tank, after expansion at atmospheric pressure.
- the cooling unit generally comprises a refrigeration cycle (or circuit) or a succession of refrigeration cycles (or circuits) operating by condensation - expansion - evaporation - compression.
- the refrigerants used in the refrigeration cycles can be pure substances (Cascade cycle, Conoco Phillips Optimized Cascade TM process), mixtures (Lindens' Liquefin TM processes, Linde Mixed Fluid Cascade TM) or a combination of two (APCI C3-MR cycle). All these cycles are well known to those skilled in the art.
- non-azeotropic mixtures of constituents having different boiling points and in particular hydrocarbon mixtures (optionally in combination with other constituents).
- the standard procedure consists of: sweeping all the circuits with a cleaning gas called "defrost gas", which is generally clean and dry natural gas from the treatment and drying units upstream of the cryogenics, or the dinitrogen, in particular to eliminate any trace of water in the circuits; fill the pre-refrigeration cycle with the appropriate refrigerant (eg pure propane or ethane and propane) and start (cool) the pre-refrigeration cycle; fill the refrigeration cycle with natural gas (usually "defrost gas”) until the desired amount of methane is achieved in the cycle; fill the refrigeration cycle with ethane to obtain the desired amount of ethane in the cycle; possibly completing the filling of the cycle by adding the other minor components of the refrigerant.
- defrost gas a cleaning gas
- the invention firstly relates to a method of starting a cooling unit comprising a refrigeration circuit containing a refrigerant which comprises a hydrocarbon mixture, wherein the process comprises successively:
- the cooling unit is a liquefaction unit of natural gas.
- the first filling gas comprises at least 50 mol%, preferably at least less than 80 mol%, more preferably at least 90 mol%, ideally at least 95 mol%, of ethane.
- the second filling gas preferably comprises at least 50 mol% of methane, more preferably at least 70 mol%, or even at least 80 mol%, of methane.
- the cleaning gas and / or the second filling gas are deacidified and dried natural gas.
- the aforementioned method comprises, after step (a), and preferably after step (b), one or more additional filling gas injection steps in the refrigeration circuit, each additional fill gas preferably comprising dinitrogen, propane, isobutane, n-butane, isopentane, n-pentane, ethylene, propylene or a mixture thereof.
- the first and the second filling gas provide at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, or even at least 80%, of the refrigerant molecules present in the the refrigeration circuit at the end of the starting process.
- the refrigeration circuit comprises a heat exchanger comprising a hot inlet and a cold inlet and the temperature of the refrigerant to the cold inlet of the heat exchanger decreases by at least 30 0 C, preferably at least 40 ° C., more particularly at least 50 ° C., or even at least 60 ° C., between the beginning and the end of step (b).
- the refrigeration circuit comprises a Joule-Thompson expansion valve comprising an inlet and an outlet and the temperature difference of the refrigerant between said inlet and said outlet is less than 40 ° C., preferably less than 40 ° C. 30 0 C, ideally below 25 ° C, throughout the process.
- the cooling unit further comprises a pre-refrigeration circuit and the pre-refrigeration circuit is put into nominal operation before step (b).
- the cooling unit further comprises an additional refrigeration circuit.
- the additional refrigeration circuit is a refrigeration circuit containing a refrigerant which comprises a mixture of hydrocarbons, and the process comprises, following step (c):
- said refrigeration circuit containing a refrigerant which comprises a mixture of hydrocarbons is the only cooling circuit of the cooling unit.
- the invention also relates to a process for liquefying natural gas in a cooling unit comprising a refrigeration circuit containing a refrigerant which comprises a mixture of hydrocarbons, wherein the process comprises: starting the cooling unit according to the aforementioned method; then cooling and liquefying natural gas in said cooling unit.
- the present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the state of the art. It provides more particularly a method of starting a cooling unit, wherein the condensation in the cycle is performed more easily than in the conventional method without having to specifically adapt the compressor. The starting method according to the invention is therefore faster than the conventional method. Moreover, the amplitude of the temperature drop on both sides of the regulator of the refrigeration cycle is reduced, which greatly limits the risk of mechanical failure, especially at the exchanger or exchangers.
- the invention also has the advantageous features listed below.
- the difference in temperature between the inlet and the outlet of the expander remains below 30 ° C., preferably below 25 ° C. or even 20 ° C., throughout the duration of the starting process.
- Figure 1 is a diagram of a cooling unit for liquefaction of natural gas, to which unit the invention can be applied.
- FIG. 2 represents an exchange diagram within exchanger 2 shown in FIG. 1, the cooling unit being used according to the method of example 2.
- the abscissa shows the amount of heat in MMkcal / h and ordinate the temperature at 0 C.
- Curve 1 represents the sum of the hot flows (incoming lines C2 and A7), and curve 2 represents the cold flow (incoming line C5).
- the diagram corresponds to the moment t2 of example 2.
- FIG. 3 represents an exchange diagram within exchanger 2 shown in FIG. 1, the cooling unit being used according to the method of FIG. Example 2.
- the abscissa is the amount of heat in MMkcal / h and ordinate temperature in ° C.
- Curve 1 represents the sum of the hot flows (incoming lines C2 and A7), and curve 2 represents the cold flow (incoming line C5). The diagram corresponds to the moment t5 of example 2.
- This liquefaction unit is a two-cycle unit, and includes a primary heat exchanger 1 for pre-cooling (or pre-cooling) and a secondary heat exchanger 2 for effecting liquefaction and subcooling.
- These exchangers can be wound exchangers or brazed aluminum plate exchangers.
- natural gas preferably previously deacidified and dried (that is to say treated so as to separate the water and acid gases such as H 2 S and CO ⁇ ) is introduced into the It is pre-cooled by passing through the heat exchanger 1.
- the pre-cooled natural gas (partially condensed) is withdrawn by the withdrawal pipe.
- These heavy constituents are recovered at the bottom of the column and removed by an AlO sampling line.
- the withdrawal line A5 sends the partially condensed gas into the balloon A6, which allows the separation of a liquid fraction and a vapor fraction.
- the liquid fraction A9 is compressed by a pump and is used as reflux in the column A3.
- the vapor fraction A7 is introduced into the secondary exchanger 2 where it is liquefied.
- the liquefied natural gas is recovered at the outlet line A8 at a typical temperature of about -155 ° C.
- the pre-cooling in the primary heat exchanger 1 is carried out by means of a conventional pre-refrigeration cycle provided with compressors (in the mode represented here a first compressor B6 and a second compressor B7), a condenser B8 and regulators (in the mode shown here a first expander B3 and a second expander B9). More precisely, this cycle comprises an inlet pipe B 1 which feeds the primary heat exchanger 1 with refrigerant in liquid form. The refrigerant is subcooled at the passage of the exchanger 1 (its temperature decreasing below that of the bubble point) and is recovered at the outlet of the exchanger 1 through an outlet pipe B2; it is then expanded by the expander B3 and the expanded refrigerant is introduced into the exchanger 1 through an inlet pipe B4.
- a conventional pre-refrigeration cycle provided with compressors (in the mode represented here a first compressor B6 and a second compressor B7), a condenser B8 and regulators (in the mode shown here a first expander B3 and
- the expanded refrigerant is then vaporized against the subcooling of the compressed refrigerant from the inlet line B1, the condensation of the fluid of the circuit C and the cooling of the natural gas.
- the vaporized refrigerant is removed by an outlet pipe B5 and compressed through the two compressors B6 and B7.
- the compressed fluid is then pre-condensed by the condenser B8 and is recycled to the supply line B1.
- a second level of evaporation that is to say a deviation is provided within the exchanger 1 for the fluid undergoing condensation. This deviation returns for evaporation in the exchanger 1 after expansion by the expander B9; at the outlet of the exchanger, the evaporated fluid is brought back into the main circuit at the level of the second compressor B7.
- the cooling at the secondary heat exchanger 2 is obtained by means of the refrigeration cycle C, which is a conventional cycle provided with a compressor C7, a heat exchanger C8 and a pressure reducer C4.
- this cycle comprises an inlet pipe C1 which is connected to the inlet of the primary heat exchanger 1 in order to allow the condensation of the refrigerant.
- the fluid is recovered at the outlet of the exchanger 1 via a transfer line C2, which supplies the secondary exchanger 2 with fluid in the liquid state (hot inlet). It is subcooled in the exchanger 2 to the same typical temperature of about -155 ° C as natural gas, and it is recovered at the outlet by the pipe C3 which leads to the expander C4.
- the low-pressure fluid is introduced into the exchanger 2 via an inlet pipe C5 (cold inlet), and is then vaporized against the subcooling of the fluid from the transfer pipe C2 and the liquefaction of the natural gas.
- the vaporized fluid is taken by an outlet pipe C6 and compressed through the compressor C7.
- the compressed fluid is then cooled in the heat exchanger C8 and is recycled to the inlet line C1.
- the regulators described above are preferably Joule-Thompson valves.
- the C8 heat exchanger and the condenser B8 described above may be water coolers or air coolers.
- the liquefaction process of natural gas according to the invention is characterized in that the cooling / liquefaction unit is started according to the starting method of the cooling unit according to the invention, which is described in more detail below.
- the liquefaction process can be the subject of many variations which will become clear to the skilled person. Thus, many modifications or additions known to those skilled in the art can be made to the cooling unit described above.
- the liquefaction process according to the invention may be at one, two-cycle (as described above) or three-ring cycle, provided that at least one refrigerant used comprises a mixture of hydrocarbons (optionly in combination with other constituents, for example dinitrogen).
- it will be the cold cycle fluid that will include a mixture of hydrocarbons, without prejudging the nature of the pre-refrigeration cycle.
- hydrocarbon mixture is meant a mixture of at least two compounds of the formula C m H n , where m and n are two integers.
- the hydrocarbons in question may be saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched.
- m is less than or equal to 6, preferably less than or equal to 5.
- the hydrocarbon mixture comprises ethane and methane, which ideally represent more than 50 mol%, more than 60 mol%, more than 70 mol% or more than 80 mol% of the total hydrocarbon mixture.
- the refrigerant may comprise dinitrogen, ethylene, propylene, methane, ethane, propane, isobutane, n-butane and the like. optionally isopentane and / or n-pentane. Methane and ethane are preferably the major constituents.
- the refrigerant of the pre-cooling cycle comprises ethane and propane, or according to a variant of pure propane, or according to another variant pure propylene; and the refrigerant of the main refrigeration cycle (cycle noted C above) comprises a mixture of dinitrogen, methane, ethane, and optionally propane and / or isobutane, n-butane, isopentane, n-pentane, ethylene, propylene.
- Methane and ethane are preferably the major constituents.
- the dinitrogen content can be 5 to 10%
- the method uses three cycles in cascade, the refrigerant of each cycle comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons (and may include in particular the various constituents mentioned above).
- the refrigerant of the pre-refrigeration cycle may be a mixture of ethane and propane, while the refrigerants of the other two refrigeration cycles may be respectively a mixture of methane, ethane and propane, and a mixture of dinitrogen, methane and ethane.
- the starting method according to the invention described below can be applied to these last two refrigeration cycles.
- the refrigerant of the first refrigeration cycle is propane
- the refrigerant of the second refrigeration cycle comprises a mixture of hydrocarbons (and may in particular comprise the various constituents mentioned above).
- the refrigerant of the third refrigeration cycle comprises dinitrogen.
- the second cycle refrigerant may include methane, ethane, and propane.
- start-up method is meant all the operations leading the cooling unit from the stopped state to the normal operating state, i.e. the state in which the cooling unit is present. its nominal operating and natural gas treatment parameters.
- the starting method of the cooling unit comprises, in a first stage, the drying of the circuits, ie in the two-cycle mode described here, the drying of the natural gas circuit A, the pre-refrigeration cycle B and the refrigeration cycle C.
- the drying of the circuits ie in the two-cycle mode described here
- the drying of the natural gas circuit A the pre-refrigeration cycle B and the refrigeration cycle C.
- This cleaning gas or "defrost gas” is in particular set in motion in the coldest refrigeration loop by the compressor C7.
- This gas may for example be taken at the inlet A1 of the cooling unit or at the outlet of the flask A6 (this second possibility being preferred to avoid the presence of heavy constituents, in particular aromatic constituents).
- the "defrost gas” can be replaced by nitrogen which must be fully purged in the case where it does not intervene in the refrigerant mixture.
- the cleaning / drying is done at a low flow rate and with a low compression height: it corresponds to step (a) of the process which is mentioned in the summary of the invention.
- the pressure in the cycles can be from 1 to 5 bara.
- the natural gas purge is cut in order to stop the sweep and continue to feed the loop in the gas comprising predominantly methane.
- methane inventory of the loop is constituted, one proceeds to the injection of ethane then, if necessary, that of propane (and possibly other constituents) so as to reach the composition of the refrigerant mixture envisaged for the process. Finally, if necessary, the required complement of dinitrogen is added. Since methane is one of the main constituents of refrigerant and defrost gas, it is considered natural in the state of the art to proceed according to this order of introduction. The constituents are partly liquefied in the refrigeration loop as they are introduced.
- the compressor C7 is designed to compress a mixture of hydrocarbons and dinitrogen whose average molar mass is typically between 22 and 30 while that of the "defrost gas" is in the range 17 to 19. In the case of centrifugal compressors, the compression ratios are proportional to the average molar mass of the compressed gas.
- the "defrost gas" is significantly lighter than the refrigerant for which the expander C4 and the exchanger 2 are designed.
- the temperature differences between the flows C3 and C5 can then reach 40, 50 or even 60 0 C and create thermal stresses likely to damage the exchangers used for the liquefaction of natural gas.
- the inventors have identified that the various disadvantages mentioned above are related to the fact that during the cold-start phases the "defrost gas" has a mean molar mass that is too low.
- step (b) of the method of the invention consists in injecting into the refrigeration circuit a first filling gas and step (c) consists in injecting into the refrigeration circuit a second filling gas, the second filling gas having a lower average molecular weight (and not higher, as in the state of the art) than the first filling gas.
- the first filling gas has an average molar mass greater than that of the refrigerant in nominal operation.
- the second filling gas has a lower average molecular weight than that of the refrigerant in nominal operation.
- steps (b) and (c) provide more than 40 mol% (or more than 50 mol% or more than 60 mol% or more than 70 mol%) of all the refrigerant molecules in nominal operation.
- average molar mass is meant the average of the molar masses of the various constituents of the fluid considered, weighted by the molar proportion of each of its constituents. For example, if a gas contains 1/3 molecules A of molar mass M A and 2/3 molecules B of molar mass M B , the average molar mass of the gas is equal to (1/3) M A + (2 / 3) M B.
- the first filling gas contains a majority of ethane
- the second filling gas contains a majority of methane
- this second filling gas may be natural gas or "defrost gas" for example taken from line Al or preferably at the outlet of the balloon A6
- the gas used for the cold first has a higher molar mass than that of the refrigerant in normal operation and then the average molar mass in the circuit decreases as the methane is injected until reaching the average nominal molar mass. The disadvantages noted above are then removed.
- the refrigerant fluid comprises during step (b) mainly heavier constituents that methane, for example most of the ethane, its dew point is at lower pressure. It is therefore easily condensable and can thus rapidly provide increased refrigeration by evaporation at low pressure and thereby accelerate the cold setting of the unit.
- the average molar mass being higher than in normal operation, the compressor, at constant polytropic height, is able to easily provide a high pressure facilitating condensation.
- the high compressor discharge pressures are therefore easier to achieve than in the state of the art and, together, the required condensation pressure is lower.
- the temperature drop due to the expansion of the coolant through the valve C4 is reduced and no longer jeopardizes the mechanical integrity of the exchangers.
- the method described above in connection with a two-cycle cooling unit can be readily adapted by those skilled in the art to a one-cycle or three-cycle unit.
- the method consists in implementing the steps (a), (b) and (c) above without the precondition of cooling the pre-refrigeration cycle.
- the cycles are successively colded in descending order of their nominal temperatures; each cycle comprising a refrigerant based on a mixture of hydrocarbons (or more generally based on a non-azeotropic mixture of constituents of different boiling points) can be coldened according to the succession of steps (a), (b ) and (c) described above.
- Example 1 - Refrigerants Comprising a Hydrocarbon Mixture Examples of known natural gas liquefaction methods using refrigerants based on hydrocarbon mixtures are listed below. Each of these methods can be implemented according to the method of the invention.
- the compositions below are naturally typical compositions, which may vary according to the specific application cases (nature of the gas to be liquefied, ambient conditions, etc.).
- APCI method This process comprises 2 cycles: a first propane pre-cooling cycle and a second liquefaction and subcooling cycle.
- the refrigerant of the second cycle has the following composition:
- the second cycle of the process can be coldened according to the sequence of steps (a) to (c) described above.
- Linde process This process comprises three cycles, i.e. a pre-cooling cycle, a liquefaction cycle and a subcooling cycle.
- the refrigerant of the subcooling cycle has the following composition:
- the subcooling cycle can be coldened according to the sequence of steps (a) to (c) described above.
- n-butane 2.25 mol%
- n-pentane 8.23 mol%.
- the single cycle can be coldened according to the sequence of steps (a) to (c) described above.
- This example is based on the cooling unit shown in Figure 1.
- cycle B pre-refrigeration circuit
- ethane / propane cycle is cooled down to a temperature of about -65 ° C.
- the cycle C (refrigeration circuit corresponding here to a liquefaction and subcooling circuit) is then cooled down, the refrigerant having to have the following final composition:
- Table 1 summarizes the evolution of the parameters of the cycle C during its cold setting.
- Tl denotes the temperature at the cold end of the exchanger 2.
- Pl represents the discharge pressure of the compressor C7 in absolute bars.
- T2 represents the discharge temperature of the compressor C7.
- % N 2 represents the proportion of dinitrogen in the circuit.
- % Ci represents the proportion of methane in the circuit.
- % C 2 represents the proportion of ethane in the circuit.
- % C3 represents the proportion of propane in the circuit.
- % C 4 represents the proportion of butane in the circuit.
- ⁇ T represents the maximum temperature difference in the exchanger 2.
- ⁇ T ' represents the maximum temperature difference in the exchanger 2 that would be obtained, for the same temperature Tl, if one used the procedure of the state of the art of filling the circuit with the "defrost gas" before injecting the ethane.
- the instant t1 corresponds to the beginning of the cold setting of the cycle.
- the composition is that of "defrost gas" which was used to clean the loop.
- the pressure P 1 of the compressor is very low on the one hand to not introduce too much initial methane, on the other hand because too high pressure would be useless to sweep the equipment by the gas.
- Ethane is then added to reduce the temperature Tl. Since the defrosting phase is done at low pressure, the mass inventory of "defrost gas" is low and the addition of ethane to its total inventory makes it possible to rapidly increase the average molar mass of the refrigerant.
- the temperature reaches -140 0 C and the ethane composition is greater than that in normal operation.
- a pressure of 13.4 bar is then sufficient to condense the refrigerant while the compressor is capable in normal operation of providing 56.4 bar with a lower average molecular weight gas for the same suction pressure.
- FIGS 2 and 3 show the exchange diagrams in the exchanger 2 respectively for the steps t2 and t5 mentioned above. It is found that the temperature differences do not exceed twenty degrees, that is to say are acceptable for all technologies of cryogenic exchangers, while they exceed 50 0 C with the procedure of the state of the technical, the maximum usually accepted by manufacturers being 30 0 C.
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AU2008322758A AU2008322758B2 (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2008-09-02 | Method for initiating a cooling cycle with a hydrocarbon mixture |
RU2010107571/06A RU2482405C2 (ru) | 2007-09-04 | 2008-09-02 | Способ запуска холодильного контура, содержащего смесь углеводородов |
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FR0706182A FR2920529B1 (fr) | 2007-09-04 | 2007-09-04 | Procede de demarrage d'un cycle de refrigeration a melange d'hydrocarbures. |
FR0706182 | 2007-09-04 |
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AU (1) | AU2008322758B2 (fr) |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2010055153A2 (fr) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-05-20 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Procédé et dispositif pour liquéfier un flux d'hydrocarbure et bâtiment flottant ou plate-forme au large comprenant ceux-ci |
CN103216998A (zh) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-07-24 | 北京安珂罗工程技术有限公司 | 一种单循环混合冷剂压缩与输送的方法和系统 |
CN103383172A (zh) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-11-06 | 北京安珂罗工程技术有限公司 | 一种回收利用混合冷剂的方法和系统 |
CN105066584A (zh) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 华南理工大学 | 一种单级混合冷剂天然气液化流程运行调节系统及方法 |
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FR2957407B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-15 | 2012-08-17 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de liquefaction d'un gaz naturel avec des melanges refrigerants contenant au moins un hydrocarbure insature |
IT201700007473A1 (it) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-07-24 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl | Treno di compressione con un compressore centrifugo e impianto lng |
EP3943851A1 (fr) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-26 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Procédé et système de liquéfaction de gaz naturel présentant une meilleure élimination d'hydrocarbures lourds |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010055153A2 (fr) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-05-20 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Procédé et dispositif pour liquéfier un flux d'hydrocarbure et bâtiment flottant ou plate-forme au large comprenant ceux-ci |
WO2010055153A3 (fr) * | 2008-11-17 | 2014-10-23 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Procédé et dispositif pour liquéfier un flux d'hydrocarbure et bâtiment flottant ou plate-forme au large comprenant ceux-ci |
CN103216998A (zh) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-07-24 | 北京安珂罗工程技术有限公司 | 一种单循环混合冷剂压缩与输送的方法和系统 |
CN103383172A (zh) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-11-06 | 北京安珂罗工程技术有限公司 | 一种回收利用混合冷剂的方法和系统 |
CN105066584A (zh) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 华南理工大学 | 一种单级混合冷剂天然气液化流程运行调节系统及方法 |
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RU2482405C2 (ru) | 2013-05-20 |
RU2010107571A (ru) | 2011-10-10 |
FR2920529B1 (fr) | 2009-12-11 |
AU2008322758A1 (en) | 2009-05-22 |
WO2009063142A3 (fr) | 2009-12-23 |
FR2920529A1 (fr) | 2009-03-06 |
AU2008322758B2 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
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