WO2007080210A1 - Méthode de gazification et unité de gazification - Google Patents

Méthode de gazification et unité de gazification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007080210A1
WO2007080210A1 PCT/FI2006/000012 FI2006000012W WO2007080210A1 WO 2007080210 A1 WO2007080210 A1 WO 2007080210A1 FI 2006000012 W FI2006000012 W FI 2006000012W WO 2007080210 A1 WO2007080210 A1 WO 2007080210A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gasifying
space
air distribution
distribution assembly
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2006/000012
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sampo Tukiainen
Original Assignee
Puhdas Energia Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Puhdas Energia Oy filed Critical Puhdas Energia Oy
Priority to JP2008549891A priority Critical patent/JP2009522437A/ja
Priority to US12/160,465 priority patent/US20090133329A1/en
Priority to PCT/FI2006/000012 priority patent/WO2007080210A1/fr
Priority to EP06700457A priority patent/EP1979442A4/fr
Publication of WO2007080210A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007080210A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1869—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being air, oxygen or ozone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for gasifying, whereby a gasifying unit is being exploited, wherein solid fuel, being fed thereto, is being gasified in a fire-box lined, throttled gasifying space, in which gasifying air is being brought by means of a primary air distribution assembly that exists at least partly on its lined wall section.
  • nozzles are the most vulnerable components in traditional gasifiers. This is due to the fact that by the nozzles first of all hot points get generated, in which the fuel gets melted and crushed. On the other hand, cool zones will be left between the nozzles, from which the fuel may enter into the reduction zone without pyrolysis .
  • the method according to the invention is mainly characterized by that gasifying air is being led into a primary space that surrounds the gasifying space, when viewed in a cross section, essentially from all over and that brings about cooling of the gasifying unit's casing and the gasifying air to get steady before it is led into the gasifying space through the primary air distribution assembly.
  • the method according to the invention may be mentioned simplicity and efficiency of its operation as well as of the structure enabled by the same, wherein by means of very simple solutions, that is by a primary space, surrounding the gasifying space, it is possible to make sure first of all efficient cooling of the casing of the gasifying unit by bringing about simultaneously an optimum even feeding of the gasifying air into the gasifying space. Thanks to the method according to the invention, it is thus possible to carry out first of all the primary air distribution assembly in an extremely simple way by means of an air distribution opening, existing on the walls of the gasifying space and that is essentially open from all over and being placed between the gasifying space and a fireproof junction part, existing in connection with a lower part of a reception space.
  • a "nozzleless" feeding of air being carried out according to the method of the invention, makes possible an even air distribution over the whole area of the reactor, thanks to which those nozzle problems related to traditional gasifiers may be avoided.
  • a large air distribution area makes possible among other things use of peat and of other fuels as well, containing ash that gets easily melted.
  • the invention relates also to a gasifying unit operating according to the method and being described in a greater detail in the preamble of the independent claim related to the same. Those characteristic features of the gasifying unit according to the invention have been presented in the characterizing part of the corresponding independent claim.
  • a primary space, surrounding the gasifying space, when viewed in a cross section, essentially from all over, makes possible a very efficient cooling of the gasifying unit's casing and on the other hand also an optimum feeding of the gasifying air into the gasifying space in a way, that the primary air can be fed into the fuel, existing in the gasifying space, from all over as evenly as possible.
  • the gasifying unit according to the invention there has been exploited a secondary air distribution channel, operating from above and being placed centrically, which for its part balances further the distribution of air by feeding the same in an opposite direction with respect to the primary air that is outwards from the center of the fuel bed.
  • the primary air distribution assembly of a gasifying unit according to the invention may be carried out for its part structurally in an extremely advantageous way without extra nozzle structures e.g. made of metal, thanks to which, it does not require extra maintenance, either.
  • One crucial advantage of the gasifying unit according to the invention is also the fact that those hot and cool zones, existing between the nozzles, that are typical for traditional solutions, can be avoided thanks to a "nozzleless" distribution of air according to the invention, which makes possible an even heat distribution and an optimum gasifying process in terms of homogeneity over the whole area of the reactor.
  • the invention relates to a method for gasifying, whereby a gasifying unit is being exploited, wherein solid fuel, being fed thereto, is being gasified in a fire-box lined, throttled gasifying space K, in which gasifying air is being brought by means of a primary air distribution assembly that exists at least partly on its lined wall section.
  • the gasifying air is being led into a primary space P that surrounds the gasifying space K, when viewed in a cross section, essentially from all over and that brings about cooling of the gasifying unit's casing and the gasifying air to get steady before it is led into the gasifying space through the primary air distribution assembly.
  • secondary air is being led into the gasifying space K internally with respect to the solid fuel to be fed into the gasifying space K through a secondary air distribution assembly II, being placed advantageously centrically.
  • the method according to claim 1 is being applied advantageously in connection with a gasifying unit, which comprises a built-in reception space T for the solid fue to be gasified, in which context as a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the primary air distribution assembly is being formed of an air distribution opening I, existing on the wall of the gasifying space K essentially open from all over and being placed between the gasifying space K and a fireproof junction part O, existing in connection with a lower part of the reception space T.
  • the lining of the gasifying space K and the junction part O is being produced from ceramic material as a single piece structure or made of several parts.
  • the invention relates to gasifying unit, too, which has a fire-box lined, throttled gasifying space K for gasifying of sold fuel, being fed thereto.
  • Gasifying ' air is brought into the gasifying space K by means of a primary air distribution assembly that exists at least partly on its lined wall section.
  • the gasifying space is provided with a primary space P that surrounds the gasifying space K, when viewed in a cross section essentially from all over and that brings about cooling of the gasifying unit's casing and the gasifying air to get steady before it is led into the gasifying space through the primary air distribution assembly.
  • the gasifying unit comprises a secondary air distribution assembly II, being placed internally with respect to the solid fuel to be fed into the gasifying space K, for leading of secondary air into the gasifying space K.
  • the secondary air distribution assembly II is carried out in the advantageous embodiment, shown in the drawing, by an upper air channel, being placed centrically.
  • the same comprises a built- in reception space T for the solid fuel to be gasified, in which case the primary air distribution assembly is formed advantageously of an air distribution opening I, existing on the wall of the gasifying space K essentially open from all over and being placed between the gasifying space K and a fire proof junction part 0, existing in connection with a lower part of the reception space T.
  • the lining of the gasifying space K and the junction part 0 is produced as an advantageous embodiment from ceramic material as a single piece structure or made of several parts.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments presented or described above, but it can be modified within the basic idea of the invention according to the purposes and embodiments at any given time and depending on the solid fuel to be used respectively.
  • the lower grating A of the gasifying unit such as the base grating or like, may be carried out both with solid structures and moveable mechanisms.
  • the cross section of the structure shown in the appended drawing is for its part meant to depict the present invention mainly on principle level, so that the structural solutions and dimensions therewith are mostly of guide-like character.
  • the lower structures of the gasifying unit there has not been shown in greater detail the lower structures of the gasifying unit, either, because they are not that essential as such from the point of view of the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une méthode de gazification, où est exploitée une unité de gazification, un combustible solide qui alimente ladite unité étant gazéifié dans un espace de gazification (K) en étranglement à double paroi d’une chambre de combustion, dans lequel de l'air gazogène est amené par le biais d'un dispositif de distribution d'air primaire porté au moins en partie par sa section de paroi doublée. L'air gazogène est dirigé vers un espace primaire (P) qui entoure sensiblement dans toutes directions, sur une vue en coupe, l'espace de gazification (K) et qui entraîne le refroidissement de l'enveloppe de l'unité de gazification et la stabilisation de l'air gazogène avant qu'il soit dirigé dans l'espace de gazification grâce au dispositif de distribution d'air primaire. La présente invention concerne également une unité de gazification qui fonctionne selon cette méthode.
PCT/FI2006/000012 2006-01-10 2006-01-10 Méthode de gazification et unité de gazification WO2007080210A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2008549891A JP2009522437A (ja) 2006-01-10 2006-01-10 ガス化の方法およびガス化ユニット
US12/160,465 US20090133329A1 (en) 2006-01-10 2006-01-10 Method for gasifying and gasifying unit
PCT/FI2006/000012 WO2007080210A1 (fr) 2006-01-10 2006-01-10 Méthode de gazification et unité de gazification
EP06700457A EP1979442A4 (fr) 2006-01-10 2006-01-10 Méthode de gazification et unité de gazification

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FI2006/000012 WO2007080210A1 (fr) 2006-01-10 2006-01-10 Méthode de gazification et unité de gazification

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007080210A1 true WO2007080210A1 (fr) 2007-07-19

Family

ID=38256019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2006/000012 WO2007080210A1 (fr) 2006-01-10 2006-01-10 Méthode de gazification et unité de gazification

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20090133329A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1979442A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009522437A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007080210A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008145814A1 (fr) * 2007-05-25 2008-12-04 T:Mi Ek Kaasu Procédé pour gazéifier un combustible solide et gazéificateur à co-courant

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR112012019526A2 (pt) * 2010-02-05 2018-06-12 Texas A & M Univ Sys sistema de distribuição de ar para um reator, dispositivo de medição de fluxo adaptado para medir fluxo de biomassa e unidade de ciclone para remover carvão de um gás produzido a partir de uma carga de alimentação de biomassa

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB271226A (en) * 1926-04-21 1927-05-26 Fred Umpleby Improvements in and relating to gas generators
FR635663A (fr) * 1927-05-16 1928-03-22 Perfectionnement à l'introduction de l'air dans les gazogènes à combustion renversée
FR693289A (fr) * 1929-07-08 1930-11-18 Carbonite Gazogène
FR47303E (fr) * 1936-04-24 1937-03-16 Gazéificateur pour gazogènes et notamment pour gazogène à charbon de bois
FR881509A (fr) * 1942-04-24 1943-04-28 Gazogène fonctionnant simultanément en tirage direct et en tirage inversé
US4584947A (en) * 1985-07-01 1986-04-29 Chittick Donald E Fuel gas-producing pyrolysis reactors

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4764185A (en) * 1987-10-28 1988-08-16 Mayer Edward F Gasifier apparatus
US5226927A (en) * 1991-02-13 1993-07-13 Southern California Edison Wood gasifier
DK174582B1 (da) * 2001-11-05 2003-06-30 Biosynergi Proces Aps Fremgangsmåde og generator til forgasning af fast biobrændsel
GB0325668D0 (en) * 2003-11-04 2003-12-10 Dogru Murat Intensified and minaturized gasifier with multiple air injection and catalytic bed

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB271226A (en) * 1926-04-21 1927-05-26 Fred Umpleby Improvements in and relating to gas generators
FR635663A (fr) * 1927-05-16 1928-03-22 Perfectionnement à l'introduction de l'air dans les gazogènes à combustion renversée
FR693289A (fr) * 1929-07-08 1930-11-18 Carbonite Gazogène
FR47303E (fr) * 1936-04-24 1937-03-16 Gazéificateur pour gazogènes et notamment pour gazogène à charbon de bois
FR881509A (fr) * 1942-04-24 1943-04-28 Gazogène fonctionnant simultanément en tirage direct et en tirage inversé
US4584947A (en) * 1985-07-01 1986-04-29 Chittick Donald E Fuel gas-producing pyrolysis reactors

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008145814A1 (fr) * 2007-05-25 2008-12-04 T:Mi Ek Kaasu Procédé pour gazéifier un combustible solide et gazéificateur à co-courant
US8202330B2 (en) 2007-05-25 2012-06-19 Gasek Oy Method for gasifying solid fuel and concurrent gasifier
AU2008257368B2 (en) * 2007-05-25 2012-08-30 Gasek Oy Method for gasifying solid fuel and concurrent gasifier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1979442A1 (fr) 2008-10-15
JP2009522437A (ja) 2009-06-11
US20090133329A1 (en) 2009-05-28
EP1979442A4 (fr) 2010-12-01

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