WO2006001184A1 - 確率密度関数で重み付けした積分処理を用いた線形性評価方法と、それを用いた回路シミュレータ、評価装置、通信回路、およびプログラム - Google Patents
確率密度関数で重み付けした積分処理を用いた線形性評価方法と、それを用いた回路シミュレータ、評価装置、通信回路、およびプログラム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006001184A1 WO2006001184A1 PCT/JP2005/010768 JP2005010768W WO2006001184A1 WO 2006001184 A1 WO2006001184 A1 WO 2006001184A1 JP 2005010768 W JP2005010768 W JP 2005010768W WO 2006001184 A1 WO2006001184 A1 WO 2006001184A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- evaluation
- signal
- distortion
- circuit
- evm
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3241—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3241—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
- H03F1/3247—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits using feedback acting on predistortion circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3241—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
- H03F1/3282—Acting on the phase and the amplitude of the input signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
- H04B17/3912—Simulation models, e.g. distribution of spectral power density or received signal strength indicator [RSSI] for a given geographic region
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
- H04L27/366—Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator
- H04L27/367—Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator using predistortion
- H04L27/368—Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator using predistortion adaptive predistortion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/52—TPC using AGC [Automatic Gain Control] circuits or amplifiers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to evaluation of a linearity index of a circuit, and particularly relates to evaluation of error beta magnitude that is a linearity index.
- EVM Error Vector Magnitude
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a general demodulated signal. Referring to FIG. 1, the ideal symbol 11, the measurement symbol 12, and the error symbol 13 of the demodulated signal are shown. The error symbol 13 is the difference between the measurement symbol 12 and the ideal symbol 11.
- EVM is defined as a quantity obtained by standardizing the mean square of error vectors 13 in a plurality of sampling data with the average power P of the ideal symbol 11 and taking the square root. Measuring thin
- Equation (1) If Bol 12 is represented by a vector quantity and the ideal symbol 11 is represented by a vector quantity c, the EVM value is expressed by equation (1).
- k is a variable representing the sampling number
- N is the number of samples.
- EVM limit values are set directly or indirectly.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a procedure according to a conventional general EVM evaluation method.
- the modulation signal is input to the measurement target (step A1), and the modulation signal that also outputs the measurement target force is measured (step A2).
- the modulated signal is demodulated (step A3), and an error vector is extracted from the obtained demodulated signal (step A4). This demodulated signal and error vector are obtained at a plurality of sampling points.
- step A5 an average value of error vector power obtained at each sampling point is obtained (step A5).
- the average value of the error vector power is divided by the average power of the ideal demodulated signal, and the EVM value is calculated by taking the square root (step A6).
- the evaluation of the EVM value may be repeated as necessary (step A7).
- parameters such as the average power of the input modulation signal or the bias condition to be measured may be changed, and the EVM value may be evaluated using the same method. In addition, measurement may be repeated without changing the parameters.
- the circuit simulator, the evaluation device, and the EVM evaluation method in the communication circuit according to the related art described below are basically based on the method shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional circuit simulator having a function of calculating an EVM value.
- the conventional circuit simulator has an input device 31, a storage device 33, a data processing device 34, and an output device 35.
- the input device 31 is a device that inputs information such as various data by an operation, for example, a keyboard.
- the storage device 33 includes a modulation method storage unit 27, a measurement target storage unit 28, a demodulation method storage unit 29, and an extraction error vector storage unit 30.
- the modulation scheme storage unit 27 stores modulation scheme information input from the input device 31.
- the measurement target storage unit 28 stores information on the measurement target input from the input device 31.
- the demodulation scheme storage unit 29 stores the demodulation scheme information input from the input device 31.
- the error vector storage unit 30 stores information on the error vector extracted by the data processing device 34.
- the data processing device 34 executes a predetermined simulation process by executing a program.
- the data processing apparatus 34 includes a modulation signal generation unit 21, a measurement target model la, a modulation signal evaluation unit 22, a demodulation unit 23, an error vector extraction unit 24, an error vector averaging unit 25, and an EVM.
- a configuration having a value calculation unit 26 is realized.
- the output device 35 is a device that outputs information from the data processing device 34, for example, a display device or a printing device.
- the output device 35 has an EVM value display 32.
- a modulation method is selected, and information on a model that reproduces the operation of a generator that generates a modulation signal of the modulation method is input using the input device 31.
- Information relating to the modulation scheme input here is stored in the modulation scheme storage unit 27.
- information on a model that reproduces the operation of the measurement target is input using the input device 31.
- the input information of the model of the measurement target is stored in the measurement target storage unit 28.
- the input information is stored in the demodulation method storage unit 29.
- the modulation signal generation unit 21 generates a numerical modulation signal based on the information stored in the modulation method storage unit 27.
- the generated modulation signal is input to the modeled measurement object la.
- the measurement target la modeled based on the information of the measurement target model stored in the measurement target storage unit 28 is predetermined with respect to the output modulation signal from the modulation signal generation unit 21. Perform numerical calculations.
- the output modulation signal evaluation unit 22 evaluates the calculation performed on the modulation signal performed in the measurement target la. Then, the demodulator 23 demodulates the modulation signal evaluated by the output modulation signal evaluation unit 22 based on the demodulator model stored in the demodulation method storage unit 29. Both the modulated signal and demodulated signal are acquired at a plurality of sampling points.
- the error vector extraction unit 24 extracts an error vector from the demodulated signal obtained by the demodulation unit 23. Error vectors obtained at a plurality of sampling points are recorded in the error vector storage unit 30 as necessary.
- the error vector averaging unit 25 obtains the average value of the power of the plurality of error vectors extracted by the error vector extraction unit 24.
- the EVM value calculation unit 26 divides the average power of the error vector obtained by the error vector averaging unit 25 by the average power of the ideal demodulated signal according to equation (1), and further obtains the square root to obtain the EVM value.
- the EVM value display unit 32 displays the EVM value obtained by the EVM value calculation unit 26.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional measuring apparatus having a function for evaluating an EVM value.
- the conventional measuring apparatus has a modulation signal generating apparatus 50 and an EVM value evaluating apparatus 51.
- the EVM value evaluation apparatus 51 includes a demodulator 42, an error vector extraction circuit 43, an error vector averaging circuit 44, an EVM value calculation circuit 45, and an EVM value display circuit 46.
- the modulation signal generator 41 generates a modulation signal and inputs the modulation signal to the measurement object 1.
- the average power of the input and output modulation signals of the measurement object 1 is evaluated using the input power measuring device 48 and the output power measuring device 49 through the force bra 47a and the force bra 47b, respectively.
- the demodulator 42 demodulates the modulated signal output from the measurement target 1.
- the error vector extraction circuit 43 extracts an error vector from the demodulated signal.
- the error vector averaging circuit 44 calculates the average power of the error vector.
- the EVM value calculation circuit 45 calculates the error vector obtained by the error vector averaging circuit 44 according to the equation (1). Divide the average power by the average power of the ideal demodulated signal, and calculate the EVM value by taking the square root.
- the EVM value display circuit 46 displays the obtained EVM value.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a conventional reception circuit having a function of selecting a reception mode based on the result of evaluating the EVM value.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-56499 shows a receiving circuit having a mode selection function shown in FIG.
- the reception circuit 87 includes two antennas 8 la and 8 lb corresponding to different reception modes and two demodulators 82a and 82b.
- the receiving circuit 87 receives the modulated signal with the antennas 81a and 8 lb, and demodulates the modulated signal with the demodulators 82a and 82b.
- the demodulated signals of the demodulators 82a and 83b are transmitted to the reception baseband signal processing circuit 83.
- Reception baseband signal processing circuit 83 performs predetermined signal processing on each demodulated signal, and sends the demodulated signal subjected to signal processing to error vector extraction circuit 84.
- the error vector extraction circuit 84 extracts each error vector from each demodulated signal.
- the error vector averaging circuit 85 also obtains the average power of each error vector for each error vector force extracted by the error vector extraction circuit 84.
- the control circuit 86 calculates the EVM values of the different reception modes received by the antennas 81a and 81b based on the equation (1) and compares them, and the EVM value is reduced to reduce the signal quality. A good reception mode is selected.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional transmission / reception circuit having a function of generating a modulation signal for correcting distortion of a measurement object based on an evaluation result of an error vector.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-9642 discloses a transmission / reception circuit having a function of correcting an error due to distortion shown in FIG.
- the transmitter / receiver circuit 69 includes a measurement target 1, a modulation signal generator 61, a control circuit 62, a force bra 63, a demodulator 64, an error vector extraction circuit 65, a reception baseband signal processing circuit 66, and a switching circuit.
- a vessel 67 is provided.
- the control circuit 62 controls the switch 67 to connect the path from the measurement target 1 to the force bra 63.
- the output modulation signal from measurement object 1 is transmitted to demodulator 64.
- the demodulator 64 demodulates the output modulation signal.
- the error vector extraction circuit 65 extracts the error vector from the demodulated signal obtained by the demodulator 64, and sets the parameter of the modulation signal generator 61 so as to minimize the error vector based on the extracted error vector information. Correct.
- the conventional transmission / reception circuit 69 corrects the error vector due to the distortion of the measurement object 1 and improves the linearity.
- the control circuit 63 controls the switch 67 so as to cut the path from the measurement target 1 to the force bra 63.
- the conventional transmission / reception circuit 69 performs a transmission operation using the modulation signal generator 61, the measurement target 1, and the antenna 68, and a reception operation using the antenna 68, the demodulator 64, and the reception baseband signal processing circuit 66. It will be in the state to perform.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional circuit having a function of correcting distortion of a measurement target.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-258560 discloses a circuit having a distortion correction function as shown in FIG.
- the circuits are couplers 101a and 101b, delay circuit 102, square wave detection circuit 103, AZD converter 104, table 105, DZA converters 106 and 115, low pass filters 107a and 107b, and phase circuits. 108, an amplitude circuit 109, an amplifier 110, a distortion detection circuit 112, a table update circuit 113, a VCO control circuit 114, and a VCO 116.
- the AZD converter 104, the table 105, the DZA converters 106 and 115, the table update circuit 113, the VCO control circuit 114, and the VCO 16 are configured as a digital processing unit 111.
- the input signal branched by the force bra 101a and detected by the square wave detection circuit 103 and the output signal branched by the force bra 101b and detected by the distortion detection circuit 112 are input to the digital processing unit 111. Yes.
- the digital processing unit 111 corrects the distortion of the amplifier 110 on the basis of the input signal and the output signal and the data stored in the distortion compensation table 105.
- the table update circuit 113 updates the data in the table 105 based on the output signal from the distortion detection circuit 112. Disclosure of the invention
- the number of sampling points required to determine the EVM value in the wireless LAN standard IEEE802.11a is (number of subcarriers) X (packet length) X (number of frames).
- the number of subcarriers in IEEE802.11a is determined to be 52
- the packet length is 16 or more
- the calculation time becomes long because the calculation is performed at a large number of sampling points.
- the communication circuit shown in Fig. 5 requires a high-performance computing circuit and a large-scale memory that can perform operations at a large number of sampling points. As a result, problems such as large-scale circuits and associated increase in power consumption occur.
- a demodulator 64 is used to obtain an error vector due to distortion of the measurement object 1 included in the transmission circuit.
- the demodulator 64 is essentially unnecessary for the transmission circuit, and if the demodulator 64 is provided to obtain the error vector, the circuit scale increases. For this reason, in the example of FIG. 6, the demodulator 64 of the receiving circuit is used to obtain the error vector of the transmitting circuit.
- the transmitter / receiver circuit 69 in FIG. 6 has a problem that a normal reception operation cannot be performed during error correction.
- the circuit in FIG. 7 corrects the distortion to be measured without using the demodulator corresponding to the desired modulation signal.
- this circuit does not have a modulator, there is no means to evaluate the EVM value, and it is confirmed whether the characteristics after distortion correction satisfy the EVM standard at the desired modulation signal average power. There was a problem that it was not possible and was not reliable.
- circuit of FIG. 7 does not have a means for determining which of the amplitude distortion and the phase distortion has a large influence on the EVM value, which is also a factor that lacks the reliability of distortion correction. It was.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a linearity evaluation method capable of evaluating linearity without calculating error vectors at a large number of sampling points and without using a demodulator corresponding to a desired modulation method. And a circuit simulator, an evaluation device, a communication circuit, and a program using the same.
- an evaluation apparatus of the present invention is an evaluation apparatus for evaluating a linearity index in an evaluation target of an electric circuit, and includes a measuring instrument, an evaluation unit, an integration unit, an It also has a linearity index calculation unit.
- the measuring instrument measures an input signal and an output signal to be evaluated, to which a predetermined evaluation signal is input.
- the evaluation unit obtains at least one distortion amount of amplitude distortion or phase distortion of the output signal using the input signal and the output signal.
- the integration unit uses the distortion amount and performs integration processing weighted by the probability density function of the power Z average power ratio of a predetermined modulation signal.
- the linearity index calculation unit calculates a linearity index from the result of processing by the integration unit.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a general demodulated signal.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a procedure according to a conventional general EVM evaluation method.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional circuit simulator having a function for calculating an EVM value.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional measuring apparatus having a function for evaluating an EVM value.
- FIG. 5 Conventional reception with a function to select the reception mode based on the EVM value evaluation result. It is a block diagram of a communication circuit.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional transmission / reception circuit having a function of generating a modulation signal for correcting distortion of a measurement object based on an evaluation result of an error vector.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional circuit having a function of correcting distortion of a measurement target.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a procedure of an EVM evaluation method according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a virtual measurement system for explaining the definition of signals in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a procedure of an EVM evaluation method according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a procedure of an EVM evaluation method according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a procedure of an EVM evaluation method according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a circuit simulator according to a fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a circuit simulator according to a sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a measuring apparatus according to an eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication circuit according to a ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 20A is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an amplitude / phase evaluation circuit in a communication circuit according to a ninth embodiment.
- ⁇ 20B] is a block diagram showing another configuration example of the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit in the communication circuit of the ninth embodiment.
- ⁇ 21 It is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication circuit according to the tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a configuration of an amplifier as an example of a measurement object.
- FIG. 23 is a graph showing the result of simulating the power dependency of the EVM value in the 54 Mbps mode of the wireless LAN standard IEEE802.11a by changing the static current of the amplifier shown in FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication circuit according to an eleventh embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a configuration of an amplifier as an example of a measurement object.
- FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication circuit according to a twelfth embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the EVM evaluation method according to the first embodiment.
- This EVM evaluation method is a method for performing EVM evaluation of measurement objects, and is a basic method applicable to various devices and circuits. Therefore, this method is widely applicable to various configurations that do not depend on a specific configuration.
- FIG. 8 shows, as the first embodiment, a method for directly calculating the EVM value from the evaluation result of the power dependence of the amplitude distortion and phase distortion of the measurement target.
- an evaluation signal is input to the measurement target (step A21).
- the amplitude distortion and phase distortion of the measurement object are measured (step A22).
- the probability density function of the power Z average power ratio of the desired modulation signal is read out by processing independent of steps A21 and A22 (step A23).
- step A22 the amplitude distortion and the phase distortion obtained in step A22 are weighted by the probability density function obtained in step A23 and integrated (step A24).
- step A25 an EVM value is calculated using the integral value obtained in step A24 (step A25).
- step A26 it is determined whether or not the force is sufficient to end the strain evaluation (step A26). If the distortion evaluation is not finished here, the process returns to step A21 and step A23.
- step A27 When it is determined to evaluate the residual EVM value, next, the residual EVM value is evaluated (In step A28), the EVM value obtained by combining the EVM value due to the strain to be measured and the residual EVM value is calculated (step A29). [0057] If it is determined in step A26 that the residual EVM value should not be evaluated, or after the processing in step A29, it is next determined whether or not to end the example evaluation process (step A30). If the evaluation process is not terminated, the process returns to step A21 and step A23.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a virtual measurement system for explaining the definition of signals in the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 9, here the modulated signal sequence ⁇ S (n) ⁇ is
- n may be a time variable or a variable representing a frequency. Since the characteristics of the measurement object 1 are generally distorted, ⁇ S ′ (n) ⁇ is deviated from an ideal modulation signal sequence ⁇ S (n) ⁇ when there is no distortion.
- S (n), S (n), and ⁇ (n) are complex signals, and the complex signals
- Signal sequence ⁇ c (k) ⁇ is obtained, and output modulation signal sequence ⁇ S '(n) ⁇ including distortion effects is obtained.
- variable k representing the sampling number of the demodulated signal
- k may be a time variable or a variable representing a good frequency.
- the EVM value is given using the ratio of the error vector average power and the ideal signal average power in the demodulated signal, that is, the signal-to-distortion power ratio of the demodulated signal.
- the error vector is generated by distortion of both the measurement object 1 and the demodulator 121.
- attention should be paid only to the effect of the measurement object, which is a part of the measurement apparatus. It is desirable to eliminate the influence of the demodulator 121.
- Equation (4) the expected value of X is E [x], and the average power of the ideal modulation output is P
- Equation (4) obtained from this policy can be applied regardless of the type of modulation / demodulation method.
- the signal gain G (P (n)) varies with the power P (n) of the input modulation signal.
- the power gain is given by the square of the signal gain G (P (n)). Note that this gain
- the power unit used in the definition is an absolute value unit that is not [dB], for example [W].
- phase ⁇ (P (n)) is a non-linear that varies with the power P (n) of the input modulation signal.
- the EVM value is degraded by this nonlinear characteristic, that is, phase distortion.
- phase 0 (P (n)) is in [rad] units.
- the gain and phase criteria also determine the characteristic power at average power. Therefore, in the ideal case without distortion, the gain and phase of the output modulation signal are the average power of the input modulation signal P
- Equation (7) the ratio of the power of the modulation signal to the average power matches between the input and output.
- r (n) is a force that varies according to the sampling point n.
- the variation of r (n) follows the probability density function p (r). That is, r is a random variable whose distribution is described by the probability density function p (r).
- P (n) can be replaced with P r (n).
- Equation 8 From Eq. (8), I (n) — S (n) is a random variable including the random variable r. Therefore, the expected value E [IS '(n) -S (n)
- PAR peak-to-average power ratio
- Equation (10) The relational expression between the EVM value in in (, ave,) and the power dependence of gain and phase is obtained as shown in Equation (10).
- the power dependence data of gain G and phase ⁇ is evaluated by step A21 in which the evaluation signal is input to the measurement target and step A22 in which the amplitude distortion and phase distortion of the measurement target are evaluated.
- the evaluation signal it is desirable to use a signal having a frequency that includes or is close to the carrier frequency of the desired modulation signal.
- the desired The EVM value can be accurately evaluated by the power dependence of the gain G and phase ⁇ obtained by inputting a sine wave at the carrier frequency of the modulation signal as the evaluation signal to the measurement object.
- the power dependence of gain G and phase ⁇ can be obtained. For this reason, it is desirable to use a sine wave at the carrier frequency of the desired modulation signal as the evaluation signal when the measurement target force does not show the Mori effect or the effect is weak.
- the change in distortion characteristics due to the frequency with which the channel bandwidth of the communication system is wide is not negligible even within the channel band, the power dependence of the gain G and phase ⁇ at several frequencies within the channel band.
- the EVM value at each frequency point may be evaluated as a result. Also, the average value of EVM values at each frequency point may be used as the representative value of EVM values in the channel.
- the power dependence of the gain G and phase ⁇ varies depending on the power sweep speed. Therefore, it is desirable that the power sweep speed when evaluating the power dependence of the gain G and phase ⁇ be close to the speed of change of the amplitude of the desired modulation signal. As a result, the EVM value can be accurately evaluated from the power dependence of the gain G and phase ⁇ close to actual operation.
- the evaluation signal described above is a preferred example, but is not limited thereto. Any signal may be used as the evaluation signal as long as the power dependency of the gain G and phase ⁇ at or near the carrier frequency of the desired modulation signal can be measured.
- Equation (10) there is a power dependence G (P) of gain and a power dependence ⁇ (P) of phase.
- G ' be the limit value at zero input power of G (P), that is, the linear gain G (O).
- phase distortion 0 (P)- ⁇ (0) may be used.
- G (P) / G (0) which is the distortion amount of amplitude distortion
- Units such as [degrees] and [seconds] may be used, and the formula may be modified accordingly.
- the probability density function P (r) of the power Z average power ratio of the desired modulation signal is read out.
- the probability density function p (r) has an inherent function form depending on the type of modulation signal. For example, in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system with a sufficiently large number of subcarriers, the probability density function p (r) is given by equation (11). This is referred to in the literature “September 2002,“ Technology ”,“ Technology ”, II, 899-903. , vol. 2, pp. 899—903, Septe mber, 2002) ”[This is shown!
- the function form of the probability density function p (r) determined in advance according to the desired modulation signal is recorded in advance in a data processing device or storage device as data, and step A23
- the data of the probability density function P (r) of the power Z average power ratio of the modulation signal may be read from the data processing device or storage device.
- the data of the probability density function p (r) may be information on a mathematical expression representing a function form, or may be numeric string data obtained from a mathematical expression.
- a probability density function p (r) is obtained in advance by measurement, and the obtained numerical sequence data is recorded in a data processing device, a storage device or the like, and in step A23, It may be read out as data of the probability density function p (r).
- This method can be effectively applied even when the functional form of the probability density function p (r) is not theoretically known.
- the probability density function p (r) is measured in advance, and as a result, an empirical formula representing the probability density function p (r) is derived, and this formula is recorded in a data processing device or a storage device. It's fine.
- the probability density function p (r) is preferably stored in a data processing device, a storage device, or the like as numerical information representing a function form rather than numerical sequence data. .
- step A24 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 the power dependence of the gain G (P) and phase 0 (P) obtained in steps A21 and A22 and the probability density obtained in step A23.
- data of the integrand is taken with a plurality of r values, and the integral value is calculated using, for example, a trapezoidal formula.
- the data points can be arbitrarily selected according to need. For example, if accuracy is important, data that needs to be taken as many data points as possible. If importance is attached to the reduction of the processing amount and processing time, the data points may be reduced.
- the power Z average power ratio r of the modulation signal is used as the integration variable. However, if necessary, the integration variable may be converted to another appropriate variable.
- step A2 [0100] In step A25 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 8, according to equation (10), step A2
- the value obtained here is an absolute value unit. It may be changed to another unit as required.
- the value obtained by equation (10) may be multiplied by 100.
- step A26 of the flowchart of Fig. 8 it is determined whether or not to end the distortion evaluation.
- the distortion evaluation may be repeated under the same evaluation conditions as before, and the power sweep for evaluating the power dependence of average power, carrier frequency, or gain and phase may be used. The evaluation may be performed again by changing evaluation conditions such as speed.
- the actual EVM value may be affected by the residual EVM of the peripheral circuit or measurement system of the measurement target. Step A27 in the flowchart of FIG. 8 determines whether or not this residual EVM is to be evaluated.
- step A27 If it is determined in step A27 that the residual EVM is to be evaluated, the residual EVM is evaluated in step A28! If it is determined not to evaluate, the process proceeds to step A30.
- step A28 When the residual EVM value is evaluated in step A28, the EVM value obtained by combining the residual EVM value and the EVM value based on the strain to be measured is obtained in step A29!
- the calculation method is shown below.
- EVM ErM
- EVM EVM
- the error vector e due to the distortion of the measurement object and the peripheral circuit or measurement system of the measurement object is the error vector e due to the distortion of the measurement object and the peripheral circuit or measurement system of the measurement object
- Equation 2 D (/ r (). Eres () 0 and Equations (19) and (20) are substituted into Equation (18) and rearranged. If there is a correlation between e and e, generally The inequality of equation (16) holds: EV
- EVM + EVM the maximum value (EVM + EVM) when e total DUT res D and e are parallel and in the same direction at an arbitrary sampling point.
- EVM is the minimum value (I EVM —EVM
- Equation 16 [0112] [Equation 16] ) ⁇ EVM DUT (P in (a J + EVM res (P in (me) )-(16) Therefore, if the characteristic (EVM) of the residual EVM is known, for example, Equation (10) is used.
- the EVM value (EVM) can be obtained when there is an influence of both the target distortion and the residual EVM caused by other than the measurement target.
- the EVM value obtained using equation (15) is the strain to be measured total
- Equation (16) instead of Equation (15), use Equation (16) to lower the EVM value (EVM) when both the distortion of the measurement object and the residual EVM caused by other than the measurement object are affected.
- EVM EVM
- step A30 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 it is determined whether or not the power to end the example evaluation process is sufficient. If the evaluation is not terminated, the Step A21 force will be evaluated again.
- the power dependence of gain G (P) and phase 0 (P) is evaluated.
- Equation (10) The EVM value when both amplitude distortion and phase distortion were taken into account was calculated using Equation (10). However, in the present invention, the gain G (P)
- EVM EVM
- EVM value given by Eq. (17) is the gain expressed in [dB] in terms of gain G (P).
- the combined EVM value is G (rP) / G (P) in Eq.
- Equation (20) is obtained when the phase distortion is sufficiently small ( ⁇ (rP)- ⁇ (P) ⁇ 2rad
- Equation (17) the EVM value when only the amplitude distortion is considered is expressed by Equation (17) or Equation (18).
- formula (21) force is calculated, and EVM value and EVM value obtained individually are used to formula (22)
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the EVM evaluation method according to the second embodiment.
- Figure 10 shows how to evaluate the entire EVM from the EVM value considering only the amplitude distortion and the EVM value considering only the phase distortion! It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the EVM evaluation method.
- step A24a that integrates amplitude distortion weighted with a probability density function is integrated, and phase distortion is integrated in the same manner.
- step A24b to process.
- step A25a for calculating the EVM value of amplitude distortion from the integral value obtained in step A24a, and the integral obtained in step A24b.
- step A25b for calculating the EVM value from the value and the phase distortion.
- the second embodiment is also the first implementation in that after step A25a and A25b, in step A31, the EVM value due to both distortions is calculated from the EVM value due to amplitude distortion and phase distortion. Different from form.
- step A24a and step A25a the power-dependent data power of gain G (P) is also converted into amplitude distortion using, for example, equations (17), (18), (19), etc.
- step 24b and step A2 You can calculate the EVM value (EVM). Also, step 24b and step A2
- EVM EVM
- step A31 for example, using equation (22), both the amplitude distortion and the phase distortion are calculated from the EVM value (E VM) due to the amplitude distortion and the EVM value (EVM) due to the phase distortion.
- EVM EVM value
- EVM value (EVM) due to AM / AM phase distortion is evaluated, and amplitude is calculated separately using equation (10).
- EVM value including both distortion and phase distortion may be calculated.
- EVM EVM value due to amplitude distortion
- the third embodiment is such an example.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a procedure of an EVM evaluation method according to the third embodiment.
- step 22 in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is replaced with step 22a for measuring the amplitude distortion of the measurement target.
- steps 24b and 25b for calculating the EVM value due to phase distortion and step 31 for calculating the EVM value due to both distortions from the EVM values due to amplitude distortion and phase distortion are omitted.
- EVM EVM value due to phase distortion
- the fourth embodiment is such an example.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the EVM evaluation method according to the fourth embodiment.
- step 22 in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is replaced with step 22b for measuring the phase distortion to be measured.
- steps 24a and 25a for calculating the EVM value due to amplitude distortion, and the EVM value due to amplitude distortion and phase distortion Step 31 of calculating the EVM value is omitted.
- the EVM value can be calculated from the rate density function p (r), there is no need to perform a large number of sampling and averaging operations that lead to an increase in circuit scale, power consumption, and computational complexity.
- the EVM value was evaluated by obtaining the average power of error vectors at a number of sampling points based on equation (1).
- the EVM value is calculated by calculating an integral as shown in Equation (10). The amount of computation and data is reduced.
- the EVM value can be evaluated using, for example, a sine wave without using the modulation signal, so that it corresponds to the modulation signal. There is no need to install a high-cost demodulator for EVM evaluation!
- EVM evaluation methods include, for example, circuit simulators mounted on data processing devices and storage devices, devices that experimentally evaluate EVM values, and communication circuits that use EVM values as parameters. It can be applied to a wide range of subjects.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a circuit simulator according to the fifth embodiment.
- the circuit simulator includes an input device 149, a storage device 155, a data processing device 156, and an output device 157.
- the circuit simulator of the fifth embodiment uses the EVM evaluation method shown in the first embodiment.
- the input device 149 is a device that inputs information such as various data by an operation, for example, a keyboard.
- the storage device 155 includes an evaluation signal storage unit 150, a measurement target storage unit 151, a distortion amount storage unit 152, a variable / function storage unit 153, and a residual EVM value storage unit 154.
- Evaluation signal storage section 150 stores evaluation signal information input from input device 149.
- the measurement target storage unit 151 stores information on the measurement target input from the input device 149.
- the distortion amount storage unit 152 stores the amplitude distortion and the phase distortion obtained by the data processing device 156.
- the variable / function storage unit 153 stores the modulated signal power Z average power ratio and the probability density function input from the input device 149.
- the residual EVM value storage unit 154 stores the residual EVM value input from the input device 149.
- the data processing device 156 also has a computer power to perform a predetermined simulation process by executing a program.
- the data processing device 156 includes an evaluation signal generation unit 141, a measurement target model la, an evaluation unit 142, an integration processing unit 143, a measurement target EVM value calculation unit 144, and a total EVM value calculation unit 146.
- the output device 157 is a device that outputs information from the data processing device 156, such as a display device or a printing device.
- the output device 157 includes a measurement target EVM value display unit 147 and a total EVM value display unit 148.
- evaluation signal information is input from the input device 149 and stored in the evaluation signal storage unit 150.
- the evaluation signal information described here refers to the type of evaluation signal, for example, information specifying the evaluation signal as a sine wave or modulation wave power, carrier frequency, power sweep speed, routine program for generating the evaluation signal, etc. Point to.
- the measurement target information described here refers to model parameters, routine programs, etc. for reproducing the characteristics of the measurement target.
- information on the probability density function p (r) of the power Z average power ratio r of the desired modulation signal is input from the input device 149 and stored in the variable / function storage unit 153.
- the information on the probability density function p (r) has been described in detail in the first embodiment.
- the evaluation signal generation unit 141 is based on the information stored in the evaluation signal storage unit 150.
- the generated evaluation signal is input to the measurement target model la. Based on the measurement target information stored in the measurement target storage unit 151, the measurement target model la performs a predetermined numerical calculation on the output evaluation signal from the evaluation signal generation unit 141.
- the evaluation unit 142 measures the power dependence of the amplitude distortion and phase distortion of the measurement target model la from the output signal of the measurement target model la.
- the evaluation signal is not limited insofar as it can measure the power dependence of the gain G and phase ⁇ at or near the carrier frequency of the desired modulation signal. It may be a simple signal.
- the data on the power dependence of the amplitude distortion and phase distortion of the measurement target model la obtained in this way is stored in the distortion amount storage unit 152.
- the integration processing unit 143 includes power dependence data of the amplitude distortion and phase distortion of the measurement target model la stored in the distortion amount storage unit 152, and a probability density function stored in the variable / function storage unit 153. Using the information of p (r), a predetermined integral calculation of the strain amount weighted by the probability density function is performed. This integration calculation is, for example, an integration calculation included in Equation (10).
- the measurement target EVM value calculation unit 144 calculates the EVM value based on the distortion of the measurement target model by taking the square root of the integration amount obtained by the integration processing unit 143 based on, for example, Equation (10).
- the EVM value obtained by the measurement target EVM value calculation unit 144 is displayed by the measurement target EVM value display unit 147.
- the residual EVM value data obtained in advance is input from the input device 149, and the residual EVM value is stored. Stored in part 154.
- the total EVM value calculation unit 146 uses the EVM value obtained by the measurement target EVM value calculation unit 144 and the residual EVM value stored in the residual EVM value storage unit 154 to calculate EV M and Calculate the total EVM value including the effects of both from the residual EVM.
- the total EVM value is calculated by, for example, Equation (15) or Equation (16).
- the EVM value obtained by the total EVM value calculation unit 146 is displayed in the total EVM value display unit 148.
- the evaluation unit 142 evaluates only the amplitude distortion, and the integration processing unit 143 and the measurement target EVM value calculation unit 144 For example, EVM value due to amplitude distortion based on Equation (17), Equation (18), or Equation (19) Should be calculated.
- the evaluation unit 142 evaluates only the phase distortion, and the integration processing unit 143 and the measurement target EVM value calculation unit 144, for example, The EVM value due to phase distortion should be calculated based on Equation (20) or Equation (21).
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a circuit simulator according to the sixth embodiment.
- the circuit simulator includes an input device 149, a storage device 155, a data processing device 156, and an output device 157.
- the input device 149 and the storage device 155 are the same as those in FIG.
- the data processing device 156 performs predetermined simulation processing by executing a program.
- the data processing device 156 includes the evaluation signal generation unit 141, the measurement target model la, the amplitude distortion evaluation unit 142a, the phase distortion table 142b, the amplitude distortion integration processing unit 143a, and the phase distortion integration processing unit 143b.
- a configuration having an amplitude distortion EVM value calculation unit 144a, a phase distortion EVM value calculation unit 144b, a measurement target EVM value calculation unit 145, and a total EVM value calculation unit 146 is realized.
- the evaluation unit 142 in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 13 is replaced with the amplitude distortion evaluation unit 142a and the phase distortion evaluation unit 142b, and the integration processing unit 143 integrates the amplitude distortion amount. It is replaced with a processing unit 143a and a phase distortion amount integration processing unit 143b.
- the measurement target EVM value calculation unit 144 in the fifth embodiment is replaced with an amplitude distortion EVM value calculation unit 144a and a phase distortion EVM value calculation unit 144b, and a measurement target EVM value calculation unit 145 is newly provided.
- the output device 157 is a device that outputs information from the data processing device 156, such as a display device or a printing device.
- the output device 157 includes a measurement target EVM value display unit 147 and a total EVM value display unit 148. That is, in this embodiment, an amplitude distortion EVM value display unit 147a and a phase distortion EVM value display unit 147b are newly provided in the configuration of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. [0161] In the above configuration, the amplitude distortion evaluation portion 142a determines the power dependency of the amplitude distortion and sends it to the amplitude distortion amount integration processing unit 143a.
- the amplitude distortion amount integration processing unit 143a uses, for example, the power dependence of the amplitude distortion obtained by the amplitude distortion evaluation unit 142a and the probability density function p (r) read from the variable 'function storage unit 153, for example, Perform the integral operation contained in Equation (17), (18), or (19)
- phase distortion evaluation part 142b obtains the power dependence of the phase distortion and sends it to the phase distortion amount integration processing unit 144b.
- the phase distortion amount integration processing unit 143b uses the power dependence of the phase distortion obtained by the phase distortion evaluation unit 142b and the probability density function p (r) read from the variable / function storage unit 153, for example, Perform the integral operation included in equation (20) or (21).
- the EVM value calculation unit 144a calculates the amplitude by taking the square root of the integration value obtained by the amplitude distortion amount integration processing unit 143a based on, for example, the equation (17), (18), or (19). Calculate the E VM value due to distortion. Also, the phase distortion EVM value calculation unit 144b calculates an EVM value due to amplitude distortion by taking the square root of the integral value obtained by the phase distortion amount integration processing unit 143b based on, for example, the equation (20) or (21). .
- the amplitude distortion EVM value display unit 147a displays the EVM value due to the amplitude distortion obtained by the amplitude distortion EVM value calculation unit 144a. The EVM value due to the phase distortion obtained by the phase distortion EVM value calculation unit 144b is displayed on the phase distortion EVM value display unit 147b.
- the measurement target EVM value calculation unit 145 uses the EVM value based on the amplitude distortion obtained by the amplitude distortion EVM value calculation unit 144a and the EVM value based on the phase distortion obtained by the phase distortion EVM value calculation unit 144b. For example, based on Equation (22), calculate the EVM value of the measurement object including the effects of both amplitude distortion and phase distortion.
- the residual EVM value storage unit 154, the total EVM value calculation unit 146, and the total EVM value display unit 148 May be omitted.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the power dependence of amplitude distortion and phase distortion of an amplifier as an example of a measurement target.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing a comparison of EVM values calculated in the related art and the sixth embodiment.
- Fig. 16 shows the EVM value when the measurement target is the amplifier having the characteristics shown in Fig. 15 and an OFDM modulated signal of the IEEE802.11a standard is input to the measurement target. The calculation results based on the conventional technology and the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 14 are shown.
- the calculation result in the sixth embodiment agrees very well with the calculation result in the prior art. This is because the EVM value can be correctly evaluated by the EVM value evaluation method of the sixth embodiment, which is performed without taking a large number of sampling points and without using a demodulator corresponding to the desired modulation method, and is at least shown in FIG. This shows that the EVM value can be obtained with the same accuracy as the conventional technology!
- the power-dependent force EVM value of amplitude distortion and phase distortion obtained by inputting a sine wave to the measurement object is calculated. That is, according to the sixth embodiment, the EVM value can be evaluated without performing OFDM modulation and demodulation. In other words, in the sixth embodiment, it is sufficient if there is a simulator having a function capable of calculating at least a sine wave response. Such calculation can be executed by a relatively inexpensive and popular harmonic balance simulator.
- a sine wave is used as the evaluation signal, but a signal other than the sine wave may be used as appropriate.
- the EVM value can be calculated with the same accuracy as the conventional technology with the number of data points!
- the calculation time required to obtain the EVM value results in Fig. 16 was 228 seconds in the conventional technology, whereas In this embodiment, it was 26 seconds.
- the reason why the r range was selected as the range where the r value is -13.5 dB to 7 dB is that the probability density function value should be 1% or more for the IEEE802.1 la standard OFDM modulated signal. It is also a force that defines the range of r so that However, the present invention is not limited to a specific range as long as the integration range can be set to a value different from the range described here. Similarly, the number of data points used for integration calculation is not limited to the values described here.
- the wireless LAN standard IEEE802.11a has been described as an example of the modulation method here, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the EVM value evaluation method in the present invention can be easily applied to other modulation methods.
- circuit simulators shown in the fifth and sixth embodiments do not require a large number of samplings and their averaging processes as in the prior art, so that the simulation calculation time is greatly increased. Shortened.
- circuit simulators shown in the fifth and sixth embodiments do not require computation for the modulation and demodulation processing as in the prior art, and can be realized by a cheaper and simple circuit simulator. It is.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a measuring apparatus according to the seventh embodiment.
- the measuring device has a signal generator 177 and an EVM value evaluation device 176.
- the signal generator 177 has an evaluation signal generator 161.
- the EVM value evaluation apparatus 176 includes a measurement unit 172, a storage unit 173, a data processing unit 174, an output unit 175, and a signal generation device 177.
- the measurement unit 172 includes an input signal measuring device 164, an output signal measuring device 165, and an evaluation unit 166.
- the storage unit 173 includes a distortion amount storage unit 167 and a variable “function storage unit 168.
- the data processing unit 174 has an integration unit 169 and an EVM value calculation unit 170.
- the output unit 175 has an EVM value display unit 171.
- the evaluation signal generated by the evaluation signal generator 161 is branched to the measurement object 1 and the EV M value evaluation device 176 by the force bra 162a.
- the output signal from the measurement object 1 is branched to the terminator 163 and the EVM value evaluation device 176 by the force bra 160b.
- the evaluation signal generator 161 of the signal generator 177 generates a predetermined evaluation signal and inputs it to the force bra 162a.
- the evaluation signal is the carrier frequency of the desired modulation signal, or any power dependency of the gain G and phase ⁇ at frequencies close thereto. Such a signal may be used.
- the evaluation signal is input to measurement object 1 and input signal measuring device 164 through force bra 162a.
- the input signal measuring device 164 measures the amplitude and phase of the evaluation signal.
- the output signal output from the measuring object 1 by inputting the evaluation signal to the measuring object 1 is sent to the output signal measuring device 165 via the force bra 162b.
- the other end branched by the force bra 162b is terminated by a terminator 163 here.
- the terminator 163 may be connected to another measuring device such as a spectrum analyzer.
- the output signal measuring device 165 given the output signal measures the amplitude and phase of the output signal.
- the measurement results obtained by the input signal measuring device 164 and the output signal measuring device 165 are given to the evaluation unit 166.
- the evaluation unit 166 uses the amplitude and phase of the input evaluation signal obtained by the input signal measuring device 164 and the amplitude and phase of the output evaluation signal obtained by the output signal measuring device 165 to Obtain the power dependence of amplitude distortion and phase distortion. Amplitude of measurement object 1 obtained by evaluation unit 166 Data on power dependency of distortion and phase distortion is stored in the distortion amount storage unit 167.
- phase amount of the input signal does not depend on the power, the phase of the input signal is not measured, and the phase amount of the output signal remains as phase 0 (P).
- variable and function storage unit 168 stores information on the probability density function p (r) of the power Z average power ratio r of the desired modulation signal!
- the information of the probability density function p (r) is the same as that described in detail as the first embodiment.
- the integration unit 169 includes the power dependency data of the amplitude distortion and phase distortion of the measurement target 1 read from the distortion amount storage unit 167, and the power Z average of the desired modulation signal read from the variable / function storage unit 168. Using the information of the probability density function p (r) of the power ratio r, for example, the integration operation included in Equation (10) is performed.
- the EVM value calculation unit 170 obtains an EVM value by taking the square root of the integration value obtained by the integration unit 169 based on, for example, Equation (10).
- the EVM value display unit 17 1 displays the EVM value obtained by the EVM value calculation unit 170.
- the EVM value evaluation device 176 including the measurement unit 172, the storage unit 173, the data processing unit 174, and the output unit 175 shown in the seventh embodiment may be separated into a plurality of devices! / ⁇
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the measuring apparatus according to the eighth embodiment.
- the EVM value evaluation device 176 of the seventh embodiment includes an arithmetic device 178 including a storage unit 173 and a data processing unit 174, an output device 175a, The input signal measuring device 164 and the output signal measuring device 165 are separated.
- the evaluation unit 166 is included in the data processing unit 174. The details of the operation of the measuring apparatus in the eighth embodiment are the same as those in the seventh embodiment.
- the force showing an example of evaluating the amplitude and the phase distortion and evaluating the EVM value including the influence of the both is not limited to this.
- the data processing unit 174 Based on the evaluation result of the power dependence of the amplitude distortion, calculates the EVM value considering only the influence of the amplitude distortion, for example, the equation (17), the equation (18) Or based on equation (19). Further, in order to calculate the EVM value considering the effect of only the phase distortion based on the evaluation result of the power dependence of the phase distortion, the data processing unit 174, for example, based on the equation (20) or the equation (21), If you calculate,
- the influence of amplitude distortion and phase distortion on the EVM value can be quantitatively evaluated and compared.
- the prior art includes a demodulator 42 as shown in Fig. 4 for EVM evaluation, apart from a measurement device that uses a sine wave as an evaluation signal to obtain basic characteristics such as gain and saturation output.
- EVM evaluation device 51 was required.
- the measurement devices of the seventh and eighth embodiments are used, for example, the EVM value can be evaluated even if the measurement device does not include a demodulator and does not support the modulation signal.
- a measuring device that evaluates the EVM value can be configured by a measuring device that supports sine waves used to evaluate basic characteristics such as gain and saturation output.
- the measuring device for evaluating the EVM value can be configured by the measuring device used for evaluating the basic characteristics, the cost of introducing the device for evaluation can be reduced. , Leading to shortened measurement time.
- the EVM evaluation is possible even in the configuration without the demodulator in the measurement circuit, the basic characteristics such as the gain and the saturated output can be evaluated. EVM evaluation can be realized with the sine wave measurement device used for the measurement, and the cost for introducing the device for evaluation and measurement can be reduced and the measurement time can be shortened.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication circuit according to the ninth embodiment.
- the transmission circuit 192a includes the measurement target lb, lc, ld, signal generator 181, force bra 182a, 182b, switch 183a, 183b, 191a, 191b, amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184, storage circuit 189 and an arithmetic circuit 190 are provided.
- the storage circuit 189 includes a variable / function storage unit 185 and an amplitude / phase amount storage unit 186.
- the arithmetic circuit 190 is an EVM value calculator 18 7 and a control circuit 188 are provided.
- the signal generator 181 is compatible with a plurality of communication systems and has a function of generating a modulation signal of a plurality of systems.
- a plurality of measurement objects lb, lc, and Id ⁇ included in the transmission circuit 192a are circuits corresponding to different communication methods.
- the measurement target lb corresponds to the wireless LAN standard IEEE802.11a
- the measurement target lc corresponds to the mobile communication standard GSMZEDGE.
- one measurement object may correspond to a plurality of communication methods.
- the measurement target may be a circuit constituting any function in the communication device, for example, a transmission amplifier.
- Transmission circuit 192a is operated by measuring the measurement target corresponding to the desired modulation signal system, the period during which the modulation signal is transmitted via antenna 193, and the EVM values of measurement targets lb, lc, Id ... There is a period to do.
- the switches 183a and 183b are in a conductive state, and the couplers 182a and 182b are connected to the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184.
- the switches 183a and 183b are controlled by the control circuit 188.
- the measurement target is the wiring to the signal generator 181 and the transmission circuit It is connected to the output of 192a, for example, the wiring leading to the antenna 193.
- the switches 191a and 191b are controlled by the control circuit 188.
- the signal generator 181 in the period for evaluating the EVM value, the signal generator 181 generates a signal for EVM evaluation.
- the evaluation signal may be any signal as long as it can measure the power dependence of the gain G and phase ⁇ at or near the carrier frequency of the desired modulation signal.
- it may be a signal that sweeps the amplitude of a sine wave at a speed close to the amplitude fluctuation speed of the modulation wave!
- the evaluation signal input to the measurement object is sent to the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184 via the force bra 182a, and the evaluation signal output from the measurement object is transmitted to the force bra 182b.
- the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184 is sent to the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184.
- Amplitude 'phase evaluation circuit 184 determines the measurement target from the input signal and output signal of the measurement target. Evaluate the gain and phase.
- FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit in the communication circuit of the ninth embodiment.
- the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184 includes quadrature demodulators 20 la and 20 lb, low-pass filters 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d, and analog Z digital transformation 203.
- the quadrature demodulator 201a is connected to the coupler 182a via the switch 183a
- the quadrature demodulator 201b is connected to the force bra 182b via the switch 183b.
- the quadrature demodulator 201a obtains the in-phase channel signal (Iin) and the quadrature channel signal (Qin) of the envelope of the evaluation signal input to the measurement target. These obtained signals are sent to the analog / digital converter 203 via the anti-alias low-pass filters 202a and 202b.
- the quadrature demodulator 201b is an in-phase channel signal of the envelope of the output signal to be measured.
- the analog Z digital transformation ⁇ 203 converts the envelope signals Iin and Qin of these evaluation signals and the envelope signals lout and Qout of the output signal into digital signals and sends them to the amplitude'phase quantity storage unit 186 .
- the amplitude / phase amount storage unit 186 stores the signal information obtained by the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184.
- the EVM value calculator 187 calls the information of the envelope signals Iin, Qin, lout, and Qout stored in the amplitude / phase quantity storage unit 186, and evaluates the signals at the input and output of the measurement target from these. Calculate the amplitude and phase. For example, the amplitude and phase of the input evaluation signal are calculated using Iin and Qin. The amplitude is determined by (Iin 2 + Qin 2 ) 1/2 and the phase is determined by Arctan (QinZlin). The amplitude and phase of the output signal are calculated in the same way using lout and Qout. Also, the specific gain of the amplitude of the input and output signals Gain (P)
- phase 0 (P) is obtained from the phase difference between the input and output signals.
- the EVM value calculator 187 obtains the power dependence data of the gain and phase of the measurement object as described above.
- the loss or phase rotation may not match between the path through which the evaluation signal passes and the path through which the output signal passes.
- the gain calculated from the envelope signals Iin, Qin, lout, and Qout obtained by the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184 is a value obtained by multiplying the gain to be measured by a certain constant.
- the phase obtained from the envelope signal is a value deviated by a certain constant from the phase to be measured.
- the EVM value evaluation has an effect on the loss and phase rotation values as long as the loss and phase rotation in the path leading to the amplitude and phase evaluation circuit 184 have no power dependence. I understand that I do not receive it. That is, it is understood that the gain and phase calculated from the envelope signal obtained by the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184 may be used for the EVM value evaluation. However, when associating the EVM value with the power of the evaluation signal and output signal to be measured, it is necessary to obtain the loss amount of the path from the measurement target force to the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184 in advance. Hope.
- phase amount of the output signal is not required to measure the phase of the input signal.
- the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184 may be configured as shown in FIG. 20B.
- the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184 in FIG. 20B is different from that in FIG. 20A in that the quadrature modulator 201a that handles the input signal is replaced with the amplitude detector 204.
- the variable and function storage unit 168 stores information on the probability density function p (r) of the power Z average power ratio r of the desired modulation signal. This is the same as that described in detail in the first embodiment.
- the EVM value calculator 187 includes the gain and phase power dependency data calculated from the envelope signal read from the amplitude / phase amount storage unit 186, and the desired modulation read from the variable / function storage unit 168. From the probability density function p (r) of the signal power Z average power ratio r, for example, the EVM value of the measurement object corresponding to the desired modulation method is calculated according to the equation (10).
- the transmission circuit 192a applies the EVM evaluation by the above operation to the measurement target lb, lc, Id---, and evaluates each EVM value.
- the modulation system corresponding to each measurement target Determine whether the EVM standard is achieved at the desired output power.
- the transmission circuit 192a capable of selecting a plurality of modulation methods satisfies the EVM value standard based on the EVM evaluation results of the measurement targets lb, lc, Id- ⁇ obtained by the EVM value calculator 187.
- the modulation method with the best characteristics such as communication speed and output power and the measurement target corresponding to it.
- the control circuit 188 causes the signal generator 181 to generate a modulated signal corresponding to the modulation method selected as described above. Instruct. At the same time, the control circuit 188 connects the measuring object corresponding to the modulation method to the wiring to the signal generator 181 and the wiring to the antenna 193 that is the output of the transmission circuit 192a. Controls 191a and 191b. Further, the control circuit 188 controls the switch 183a and the switch 183b so that the connection between the force bras 182a and 182b and the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184 is disconnected.
- the transmission circuit 192a can perform transmission by selecting a modulation method that satisfies the EVM value standard and has the best characteristics such as communication speed and output power and a measurement target corresponding to the modulation method.
- the transmission circuit 192a can easily evaluate the dependency of the EVM value on the desired modulation signal with respect to the average power by performing the calculation by changing the average power using the EVM value evaluation method described above. . Therefore, the control circuit 188 determines that the output to be measured satisfies the EVM value standard based on the dependence of the desired modulation signal on the average power obtained in the evaluation. In addition, the average power of the output of the signal generator 181 can be controlled.
- the transmission circuit 192a shown here is an example of a circuit that realizes a desired function, and the present invention is not limited to the circuit of FIG.
- the object to be switched corresponding to each modulation method is the measurement object, but there may be portions other than the measurement objects lb, lc, Id-.
- the present invention can also be applied to a configuration in which a plurality of antennas corresponding to each modulation method are provided and switched according to each modulation method.
- the transmission circuit 192a has one measurement target corresponding to a plurality of modulation schemes, and EVM is obtained from the data on the power dependency of gain and phase and the data of the probability density function p (r) corresponding to each modulation scheme.
- a circuit configuration may be adopted in which the value is evaluated and an optimum modulation method is selected based on the evaluation result.
- the power assumed to calculate the EVM value using the digital arithmetic circuit 190 is not limited thereto.
- the arithmetic circuit 190 or a part thereof may be replaced with an analog circuit having a similar function, and the integration calculation included in the EVM value calculation processing may be performed by an analog integrator.
- each dedicated demodulator corresponding to each modulation method includes A dedicated processing circuit corresponding to the modulation method is required.
- a demodulation circuit that supports OFDM modulation requires a circuit for discrete Fourier transform processing and serial Z-parallel conversion processing. This is not only an increase in circuit size but also a great burden in terms of design and manufacturing man-hours, especially when there are many types of corresponding modulation methods.
- the EVM value can be evaluated by the amplitude / phase amount evaluation circuit 184 shown in FIG. 20 for any modulation method.
- the circuit configuration can be simplified and the burden on circuit design and manufacturing can be reduced.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2004-56499 describes that the error vector power is averaged over 2000 to 3000 frames.
- taking the average of many error vector powers in this way increases the amount of calculation and requires a large-scale memory circuit for the calculation.
- the circuit is increased in size and the power consumption is increased.
- the EVM value can be accurately calculated. can do.
- the EVM value can be calculated with a small amount of data. As a result, a large-scale storage circuit is not required, and the circuit scale can be reduced and the power consumption can be reduced.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication circuit according to the tenth embodiment.
- the transmission circuit 192b includes a measurement object 1, a signal generator 181, a force bra 182a and 182b, a switch 183a and 183b, an amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184, a storage circuit 189, an arithmetic circuit 1 90, and a bias.
- a control circuit 194 is provided.
- the storage circuit 189 includes a variable / function storage unit 185 and an amplitude / phase amount storage unit 186.
- the arithmetic circuit 190 includes an EVM value calculator 187 and a control circuit 188.
- a bias control circuit 194 is newly added to the transmission circuit 192a of the ninth embodiment shown in FIG.
- the bias control circuit 194 controls the bias condition for the measurement object 1 according to the instruction of the control circuit 188.
- the transmitter circuit 192b in FIG. 21 has a single measurement object and omits the switches 191a and 191b for the sake of simplicity.Similar to the transmitter circuit 192a in FIG. A container having 19 la and 19 lb may be used.
- the transmission circuit 192b of the tenth embodiment having such a configuration performs the same EVM evaluation as that of the ninth embodiment.
- the control circuit 188 is based on the calculation result of the EVM value due to the distortion of the measurement object 1 obtained by the EVM value calculator 187.
- the bias condition of measurement object 1 is controlled via 194.
- the distortion of the measurement object 1 depends on the bias condition. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both desired distortion characteristics and power consumption by appropriately controlling the bias condition of the measuring object 1.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a configuration of an amplifier as an example of a measurement target.
- the amplifier 227a shown in FIG. 22 includes a bipolar transistor 221, a coupling capacitor 222 &, 222b, an input matching circuit 223a, an output matching circuit 224, a base bias circuit 225, and a choke coil 226.
- the RF input terminal 228 of the amplifier 227a is connected to the coupler 182a
- the RF output terminal 229 is connected to the coupler 182b
- the base bias control terminal 230 is connected to the bias control circuit 194.
- the base bias circuit 225 controls the static current I flowing through the bipolar transistor 221 according to the potential of the base bias control terminal 230.
- FIG. 23 is a graph showing a result of simulating the power dependency of the EVM value in the 54 Mbps mode of the wireless LAN standard IEEE802.la by changing the static current of the amplifier shown in FIG. Referring to Fig. 23, it can be seen that increasing the static current Iq decreases the EVM value. By increasing the static current Iq, it can be said that the EVM value standard (EVM ⁇ 5.6%) in the 54Mbps mode of the wireless LAN standard IEEE802.1 la is achieved at higher output power. However, from the viewpoint of reducing power consumption, it is desirable to reduce the static current I as much as possible.
- the static current Iq is reduced by controlling the potential of the base noise control terminal 230 with the bias control circuit 194 while referring to the evaluation result of the EVM value. Therefore, it is sufficient to control to the minimum value that satisfies the EVM value standard at the desired output power.
- the control shown here can be easily applied to other modulation methods.
- the transmission circuit 192b and The amplifier 227a is an example of a circuit that realizes a desired function, and the present invention is not limited to the circuit configuration shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication circuit according to the eleventh embodiment.
- the transmission circuit 192c includes the measurement object 1, the signal generator 181, the couplers 182a and 182b, the switchers 183a and 183b, the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184, the storage circuit 189, the arithmetic circuit 190, and the impedance.
- a control circuit 195 is provided.
- the storage circuit 189 includes a variable / function storage unit 185 and an amplitude / phase amount storage unit 186.
- the arithmetic circuit 190 includes an EVM value calculator 187 and a control circuit 188.
- the transmission circuit 192c of the eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 22 is different from the transmission circuit 192b of the tenth embodiment shown in FIG. 21 in that it has an impedance control circuit 195 instead of the bias circuit 194. .
- the impedance control circuit 195 controls the impedance condition of the measurement object 1 according to the instruction of the control circuit 188.
- the transmission circuit 192c of the eleventh embodiment is the same as the transmission circuit 192b of the tenth embodiment in other configurations. Also, in the transmission circuit 192c of the eleventh embodiment, one measurement object is used to simplify the description, but as in FIG. 19, a plurality of measurement objects are used, and the switch 191a, 191b may be installed.
- the transmission circuit 192c of the eleventh embodiment having such a configuration performs EVM evaluation similar to the transmission circuit 192a of FIG. 19 and the transmission circuit 192b of FIG.
- the control circuit 188 passes the impedance control circuit 195 through the load impedance condition of the measurement target 1. To control.
- the strain to be measured depends on the load impedance condition. Therefore, it is possible to improve the distortion characteristics by appropriately controlling the load impedance condition of the measurement target 1.
- FIG. 25 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a configuration of an amplifier as an example of a measurement target.
- the amplifier 227b shown in Fig. 25 consists of a bipolar transistor 221, a coupling capacitor 222a, 222b, An input matching circuit 223b, an output matching circuit 224, a base bias circuit 225, and a choke coil 226 are provided.
- the RF input terminal 228 of the amplifier 227a is connected to the coupler 182a
- the RF output terminal 229 is connected to the coupler 182b
- the base bias control terminal 230 is connected to the bias control circuit 194.
- the amplifier 227b in FIG. 25 is different from the amplifier 227a in FIG. 22 in that the input matching circuit 223b is provided instead of the input matching circuit 223a.
- the input matching circuit 223b includes inductor elements 233 and 235, capacitive elements 234 and 236, and variable capacitive element 232.
- the capacitance value of the variable capacitance element 232 is controlled by the potential of the variable capacitance control terminal 231 given from the variable capacitance control terminal 231.
- the variable capacitance element 232 may be an element whose capacitance value can be controlled by a potential, for example, a varactor diode (MEMS, micro electro mechanical systems) element.
- MEMS varactor diode
- the input matching impedance of the bipolar transistor 221 is controlled by controlling the potential of the variable capacitance control terminal 231.
- the impedance of the force output matching circuit 224 in which the impedance of only the input matching circuit 223b is variable may be variable.
- Fig. 2 is a graph showing the result of simulating the power dependency of the EVM value in 54Mbps mode of the wireless LAN standard I EEE802.1 la by changing the capacitance value of the variable capacitance element of the amplifier shown in Fig. 25. is there. Referring to Fig. 25, it can be seen that the EVM value is reduced most when the capacitance value is 3pF. This result shows that the input matching impedance of the bipolar transistor 221 is optimized with respect to the EVM characteristic by changing the value of the variable capacitance element 212.
- the impedance control circuit 195 sets the potential of the variable capacitance control terminal 231 so as to improve the distortion characteristics. Control is sufficient. Such a function is particularly effective when compensating for characteristic variations caused by circuit characteristics in amplifier 227b during manufacturing or temperature changes or aging, etc., by impedance control. .
- the power exemplified by the wireless LAN standard IEEE802.11a as the modulation method here can be easily applied to other modulation methods.
- the transmission circuit 192c and the amplifier 227b are examples of circuits for realizing a desired function, and the present invention is not limited to the circuit examples shown in FIGS.
- a circuit different from the amplifier 227b shown in FIG. In the amplifier 227b, a variable resistance element or a variable inductor element may be used as another example of the force that realizes the impedance control function using the variable capacitance element 232.
- FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a communication circuit according to the twelfth embodiment.
- the transmission circuit 192d includes the measurement object 1, the signal generator 181, the couplers 182a and 182b, the switchers 183a and 183b, the amplitude / phase evaluation circuit 184, the storage circuit 189, the arithmetic circuit 190, and the phase circuit. 196, and an amplitude circuit 197.
- the storage circuit 189 includes a variable / function storage unit 185 and an amplitude / phase amount storage unit 186.
- the arithmetic circuit 190 includes an EVM value calculator 187 and a control circuit 188.
- the transmission circuit 192d of the twelfth embodiment shown in FIG. 27 is different from the transmission circuit of the ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 19 in that a phase circuit 196 and an amplitude circuit 197 are newly added. Different from 192a. Also in the transmission circuit 192d of FIG. 27, to simplify the explanation, the force with a single measurement object may be used, and as in FIG. 19, a plurality of measurement objects may be used and the switches 191a and 191b may be installed.
- the transmission circuit 192d of the twelfth embodiment having such a configuration performs the same EVM evaluation as the transmission circuit 192a of FIG.
- the control circuit 188 obtains the reverse characteristics of the phase distortion and amplitude distortion of the measurement object 1
- the phase circuit 196 and the amplitude circuit 197 are controlled.
- a configuration in which a circuit having characteristics opposite to those of the amplitude distortion and phase distortion of measurement object 1 is placed in front of measurement object 1 to compensate the distortion is known as a predistortion method.
- a predistortion method For example, the literature “2002, Advanced 'Tech-Itatus' in 'RF'Pa'ichi'AmplifierI' Design, written by Steve 'Shiichi' Clips, Artek House, 153-195 (Ste ve C. Cripps, Advanced Techniques in RF Power Amplifier Design, Artech House, pp. 153—195, 2002) ”.
- phase circuit 196 and the amplitude circuit 197 may have any characteristics as long as the distortion of the measurement target 1 can be compensated.
- amplitude distortion (AM-AM conversion) and phase distortion (AM-PM conversion) due to a pure envelope amplitude distortion (AM-AM conversion) and phase distortion (AM-PM conversion) due to drain fluctuation are also included. It is also possible to use a circuit having a characteristic to correct (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-258560).
- the distortion compensation according to the prior art shown in FIG. 6 requires a demodulator corresponding to a desired modulation signal in order to perform the distortion compensation, which increases the circuit scale and causes an increase in cost and power consumption. It was.
- a demodulator corresponding to the desired modulation signal is necessary! / ⁇ , so distortion compensation is realized with a small-scale circuit that reduces cost and power consumption. it can.
- the distortion compensation circuit according to the prior art shown in Fig. 7 does not have a means for confirming the EVM value, it cannot be confirmed that the EVM value standard is achieved at a desired output by the distortion correction. There was a problem of putting it on reliability.
- the EVM value can be easily evaluated with a simple circuit as described in the ninth embodiment, and the EVM value standard is achieved with a desired output. Can be confirmed.
- phase circuit 196 and the amplitude circuit 197 may be controlled again.
- distortion may be improved by using a combination of bias control or load impedance control as shown in the tenth or eleventh embodiments in consideration of phase and amplitude control. Also, as shown in the ninth embodiment, it is possible to combine the selection of communication methods to enable appropriate communication.
- the influence of the EVM value due to amplitude distortion and phase distortion can be evaluated separately, and such an evaluation method can be easily realized on a communication circuit.
- the phase circuit 196 and the amplitude circuit 197 are controlled so that the influence on the EVM value of the amplitude distortion and the phase distortion is large, the component is determined, and the correction is focused on. It is good. For example, for components whose amplitude distortion and phase distortion are determined to have a small effect on the EVM value, do not measure distortion and calculate the EVM value for a certain period after the determination. As a result, the amount of calculation required for EVM calculation can be reduced and the load on the arithmetic circuit can be suppressed.
- the configuration in which the circuit for evaluating the EVM value is added to the distortion compensation circuit based on the predistortion method is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a circuit for evaluating the EVM value may be added to other distortion compensation circuits, for example, a distortion compensation circuit using a feedback method or a feedforward method. The details of the feedback method and the feedforward method are described in the above-mentioned Steve C. Cripps document, as in the predistortion method.
- the memory required for the memory circuit is stored.
- the capacity can be reduced, the circuit scale can be reduced, and the power consumption can be reduced.
- the communication circuits of the ninth to twelfth embodiments can perform EVM evaluation with a simple configuration that does not require a demodulator that supports a predetermined modulation method, and therefore, according to the EVM value. Modulation method selection or distortion compensation can be performed with a small and inexpensive circuit.
- the communication circuit can check whether the EVM standard is achieved at a desired output, and if not, improve the situation. Therefore, the reliability of communication quality can be improved as compared with the conventional technology.
- a circuit that changes the communication method based on the evaluation result of the EVM value as in the ninth embodiment, although a circuit that compensates for distortion based on the evaluation result of the EVM value is illustrated as in the twelve embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the EVM value evaluation method of the present invention and the circuit using the method can be applied to various other purposes.
- a circuit that evaluates the EVM value may be used only for the purpose of evaluating the EVM value on the communication circuit.
- Transmitter circuits 192a, 192b, 192c, 192di, Fig. 19, Fig. 21, Fig. 24, and Fig. 27 [Power transmission circuits with configurations as shown here.
- the circuits included in 192a, 192b, 192c, 192d Can be mounted on a single die or can be mounted separately on multiple dies Yes.
- the EVM value evaluation method is applied to the transmission circuit.
- the present invention is not limited to this and is applied to the reception circuit. You may do it.
- distortion is more a major cause of EVM degradation than noise in the transmitter circuit, whereas noise is a major factor in EVM degradation rather than distortion in the receiver circuit. It is often more effective to apply
- the evaluation method of the linearity index EVM has been shown here, it is obtained by substituting the EVM value obtained by the evaluation method of the present invention for X of the function f (x) that monotonically increases or decreases.
- the resulting value may be evaluated or used as an index of control.
- the EVM value is in a monotonically increasing or decreasing relationship with the signal-interference wave power ratio (Carrier to Interference Ratio, CIR) and the bit error rate (BER) (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-56499). reference). Therefore, the relationship between the EVM value and CIR or BER can be obtained in advance by measurement or simulation, and CIR or BER can be calculated from the EVM value obtained by EVM value evaluation.
- CIR Signal-interference wave power ratio
- BER bit error rate
- the index for which EVM value power is calculated is not limited to CIR or BER. If the index has some relationship with the EVM value, the index may be evaluated based on the relationship. it can.
- the EVM value force obtained by the EVM value evaluation method of the present invention can be evaluated by, for example, the circuit simulators shown in the fifth and sixth embodiments and the seventh and eighth embodiments. It can be easily applied to the evaluation apparatus shown.
- the communication circuits shown in the ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth embodiments it is also possible to perform control such as changing the communication method and compensating for distortion using another index instead of the EVM value.
- the square of the EVM value matches the integral value in equation (10), so if the square of the EVM value is used as the control index instead of the EVM value, it is necessary to calculate the EVM value. It is possible to reduce the amount of calculation by omitting an arithmetic process for taking a square root.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
- Transmitters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006528464A JP4618445B2 (ja) | 2004-06-23 | 2005-06-13 | 確率密度関数で重み付けした積分処理を用いた線形性評価方法と、それを用いた回路シミュレータ、評価装置、通信回路、およびプログラム |
US11/571,247 US7792181B2 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2005-06-13 | Linearity evaluation method using integrations weighted by probability density function, and circuit simulator, evaluation device, communication circuit, and program using the method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004185105 | 2004-06-23 | ||
JP2004-185105 | 2004-06-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006001184A1 true WO2006001184A1 (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
Family
ID=35781694
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/010768 WO2006001184A1 (ja) | 2004-06-23 | 2005-06-13 | 確率密度関数で重み付けした積分処理を用いた線形性評価方法と、それを用いた回路シミュレータ、評価装置、通信回路、およびプログラム |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7792181B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4618445B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006001184A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009019943A1 (ja) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Advantest Corporation | 測定装置およびプログラム |
JP7515741B2 (ja) | 2020-12-23 | 2024-07-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | デジタル予歪および電力増幅器システム自動調整のための対話型オンライン適応 |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5154741B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-26 | 2013-02-27 | テクトロニクス・インターナショナル・セールス・ゲーエムベーハー | 雑音特性表示方法 |
US20070202360A1 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-08-30 | Nitronex Corporation | Gallium nitride material transistors and methods for wideband applications |
JP2008177748A (ja) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-31 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高周波信号検出回路 |
US8306098B1 (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2012-11-06 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Method for error display of orthogonal signals |
EP2200183A3 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2016-05-18 | Alcatel Lucent | Reducing power consumption of WiMAX Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) |
US8358169B2 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2013-01-22 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Systems and methods for distortion measurement using distortion-to-amplitude transformations |
US8711760B2 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2014-04-29 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus to adjust received signal |
US8837635B2 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2014-09-16 | Broadcom Corporation | Controlling a transmit path based on monitored error vector magnitude (EVM) performance |
US9596120B2 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2017-03-14 | Nec Corporation | Signal transmission apparatus, distortion compensation apparatus, and signal transmission method |
US10352912B2 (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2019-07-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Structure evaluation system, structure evaluation apparatus, and structure evaluation method |
US10458954B2 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2019-10-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Structure evaluation system, structure evaluation apparatus, and structure evaluation method |
US9893819B1 (en) | 2017-01-26 | 2018-02-13 | Keysight Technologies, Inc. | Determining far field error vector magnitude (EVM) of a device under test over the air (OTA) |
US10379162B1 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2019-08-13 | Keysight Technologies, Inc. | System for performing modulation analysis without using a modulated signal |
US11394473B2 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2022-07-19 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Adjusting an error vector measure (EVM) window |
CN111740710A (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-02 | 唯捷创芯(天津)电子技术股份有限公司 | 射频功率放大器、射频前端模块和通信终端 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0983602A (ja) * | 1995-09-20 | 1997-03-28 | Taisei Denki Kk | 復調装置 |
JP2002009642A (ja) * | 2000-05-09 | 2002-01-11 | Alcatel | 無線トランシーバ送信機部分を制御するための方法および対応する無線トランシーバ |
JP2003188656A (ja) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-04 | Nec Corp | 歪補償回路 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4208977B2 (ja) | 1995-09-28 | 2009-01-14 | ブロードコム・コーポレーシヨン | 遅延ダイバーシティプロセッサ |
US6192227B1 (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2001-02-20 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Method for detecting nonlinear distortion using moment invariants |
DE10157247B4 (de) | 2001-11-22 | 2007-06-14 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur gemeinsamen Schätzung von Parametern |
JP2003168931A (ja) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-13 | Nec Corp | 歪補償回路 |
JP4007826B2 (ja) | 2002-03-05 | 2007-11-14 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | プリディストーション歪み補償装置 |
JP3823296B2 (ja) | 2002-05-17 | 2006-09-20 | 富士通株式会社 | 歪み補償機能を有する無線機 |
JP3973506B2 (ja) | 2002-07-19 | 2007-09-12 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 無線受信装置、無線受信方法および無線受信プログラム |
KR100686410B1 (ko) * | 2002-08-01 | 2007-02-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 이동 통신 시스템에서 트래픽 채널과 파일럿 채널간전력비 검출 장치 및 방법 |
-
2005
- 2005-06-13 WO PCT/JP2005/010768 patent/WO2006001184A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-06-13 US US11/571,247 patent/US7792181B2/en active Active
- 2005-06-13 JP JP2006528464A patent/JP4618445B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0983602A (ja) * | 1995-09-20 | 1997-03-28 | Taisei Denki Kk | 復調装置 |
JP2002009642A (ja) * | 2000-05-09 | 2002-01-11 | Alcatel | 無線トランシーバ送信機部分を制御するための方法および対応する無線トランシーバ |
JP2003188656A (ja) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-04 | Nec Corp | 歪補償回路 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009019943A1 (ja) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Advantest Corporation | 測定装置およびプログラム |
US8243838B2 (en) | 2007-08-08 | 2012-08-14 | Advantest Corporation | Test apparatus and program |
JP5087623B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-08 | 2012-12-05 | 株式会社アドバンテスト | 測定装置およびプログラム |
JP7515741B2 (ja) | 2020-12-23 | 2024-07-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | デジタル予歪および電力増幅器システム自動調整のための対話型オンライン適応 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2006001184A1 (ja) | 2008-04-17 |
US20080019433A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
US7792181B2 (en) | 2010-09-07 |
JP4618445B2 (ja) | 2011-01-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2006001184A1 (ja) | 確率密度関数で重み付けした積分処理を用いた線形性評価方法と、それを用いた回路シミュレータ、評価装置、通信回路、およびプログラム | |
US7403573B2 (en) | Uncorrelated adaptive predistorter | |
US6771709B2 (en) | System and method for direct transmitter self-calibration | |
US7881402B2 (en) | Compensation for gain imbalance, phase imbalance and DC offsets in a transmitter | |
JP4951238B2 (ja) | 極座標変調送信装置及び適応歪補償処理システム並びに極座標変調送信方法及び適応歪補償処理方法 | |
JP4206090B2 (ja) | 送信機および送信方法 | |
JP4802190B2 (ja) | ポーラ変調送信回路及び通信機器 | |
KR20170123208A (ko) | Aclr 최적화를 위한 주파수 도메인 가중 최소 제곱 시스템 및 방법 | |
García et al. | An adaptive digital method of imbalances cancellation in LINC transmitters | |
US20100035554A1 (en) | Adaptive Complex Gain Predistorter for a Transmitter | |
US8867596B2 (en) | Methods and apparatuses of calibrating I/Q mismatch in communication circuit | |
US20150350000A1 (en) | Calibration method and calibration apparatus for calibrating mismatch between first signal path and second signal path of transmitter/receiver | |
US8391808B2 (en) | Method and system for estimating and compensating non-linear distortion in a transmitter using calibration | |
US20090258640A1 (en) | Device power detector | |
EP1604456A2 (en) | Closed loop power control of non-constant envelope waveforms using sample/hold | |
JP2006197537A (ja) | 歪補償回路 | |
US7885797B2 (en) | Method for production of a system for representation of an electrical network, and use of the method | |
KR20060064603A (ko) | 캐리어 누설을 억제하는 방법 및 시스템 | |
US7877060B1 (en) | Fast calibration of AM/PM pre-distortion | |
US11943085B2 (en) | Polar transmitter with feedthrough compensation | |
JP2004165900A (ja) | 通信装置 | |
US8224265B1 (en) | Method for optimizing AM/AM and AM/PM predistortion in a mobile terminal | |
CA2781795C (en) | Transmitter including calibration of an in-phase/quadrature (i/q) modulator and associated methods | |
US8363750B2 (en) | Apparatus, method and computer program for error compensation | |
Almoneer et al. | I/Q imbalance compensation in wideband millimeter-wave transmitters using a single undersampling ADC |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NG NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006528464 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11571247 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 11571247 Country of ref document: US |