WO2005060854A1 - Labelling system - Google Patents

Labelling system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005060854A1
WO2005060854A1 PCT/GB2004/005388 GB2004005388W WO2005060854A1 WO 2005060854 A1 WO2005060854 A1 WO 2005060854A1 GB 2004005388 W GB2004005388 W GB 2004005388W WO 2005060854 A1 WO2005060854 A1 WO 2005060854A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
disc
recess
surgical instrument
label
colour
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2004/005388
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Kevin Stamp
Original Assignee
Eurocut Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eurocut Limited filed Critical Eurocut Limited
Publication of WO2005060854A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005060854A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/90—Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/90—Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags
    • A61B90/92—Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags coded with colour
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/04—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps to be fastened or secured by the material of the label itself, e.g. by thermo-adhesion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/04—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps to be fastened or secured by the material of the label itself, e.g. by thermo-adhesion
    • G09F3/06—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps to be fastened or secured by the material of the label itself, e.g. by thermo-adhesion by clamping action

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of labelling medical instruments, in particular those for use in sterile surgical conditions.
  • Surgical instruments may be colour-coded with a label in order to visually indicate their size, purpose, left or right-handedness or other characteristics.
  • a non- exhaustive list of instruments having such labelling includes: hip, knee, toe, spinal, shoulder, elbow and tibial instruments, femoral reamers, rasps, graters and cutting blocks .
  • the colour-coded labels generally comprise one or more regions of colour, whose meaning is determined with reference to a key.
  • Such colour-coded labels must be: 1. non-toxic, as the instrument is obviously intended to be used in a sterile environment; 2. permanently fixed to the instrument as it is clearly very undesirable for the label to become detached and fall into the operating area; 3. durable so that there is substantially no colour fading or corrosion over time; 4. substantially unaffected by sterilisation processes, autoclaves, ultrasound treatment, heat treatment etc.
  • a known method of colour-coded labelling for surgical instruments comprises using one or more coloured plastic rings, plugs, press-pins or tags.
  • Such labels are physically attached to the surgical instruments and occasionally suffer the problem of becoming undesirably detached from the instruments, not only creating a medical risk to the patient but also meaning the unlabelled instrument cannot be sterilised and used again.
  • any epoxy resin to be used in a surgical environment must be subjected to rigorous tests as to its non-toxicity .
  • the epoxy resin label may expand at a different rate to the instrument and become loosened or detached from the recess in which it is located. The label may then fall off the instrument in the autoclave or, even more undesirably, during a surgical procedure.
  • a method of labelling a surgical instrument comprising the steps of: providing a recess in a surface of the surgical instrument; pushing a resilient disc into said recess so that hoop stress in said disc retains said disc within said recess.
  • the hoop stresses in the disc cause the disc to be firmly retained within the recess, making it difficult to remove deliberately and very unlikely to fall out accidentally.
  • the top surface of the disc is preferably concave so that no part of the disc protrudes above the surface of the surgical instrument.
  • the coloured disc therefore provides a clear and durable colour-coded label for the surgical instrument which can withstand the repeated sterilisation and/or heat treatment processes to which a surgical instrument is typically subjected.
  • said recess has an inwardly-tapered wall.
  • said disc and said recess are substantially circular.
  • a lowermost surface of the recess is generally conical.
  • the disc is provided with at least one edge blend radius .
  • the recess is provided with at least one edge blend radius.
  • the edge blend radiuses on the disc and/or recess facilitate the pressing of the disc into the recess.
  • said disc is pushed into said recess using a hydraulic press.
  • said disc is made from acetal .
  • the disc is made from PEEK [PolyEtherEtherKetone]..
  • the disc is manufactured using injection moulding techniques.
  • two or more recesses are provided on the surgical instrument.
  • a colour-coded label comprising a resilient disc used in the method of any of the preceding paragraphs.
  • Figure 1 shows a chamfer cutter including a colour-coded label
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a disc label embodying one aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the disc shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of a section of a surgical instrument, showing two recesses and one disc label in place;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic side view of the section of the surgical instrument shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • disc is not limited to meaning a strictly circular disc.
  • Figure 1 shows a chamfer cutter which includes a colour- coded label 20.
  • the colour-coded label comprises a substantially planar plastics disc 1 which can be of any desired colour.
  • the lowermost edge of the disc has an edge blend radius 2.
  • the disc is made from a plastic having a relatively high melting point.
  • the disc must be capable of withstanding repeated autoclave operations at temperatures in the region of 135°C and it is therefore preferable to utilise a plastic with a melting point significantly higher than this.
  • Acetal which may be used, has a melting point in the region of 150-160°C.
  • PEEK PolyEtherEtherKetone
  • Other suitable materials may be envisaged.
  • the selected material is formed into a disc using injection moulding techniques.
  • the disc so formed is pressed into the stainless steel of the surgical instrument.
  • the disc needs to be resilient, i.e. must be capable of flexing to at least some extent.
  • the disc is coloured according to a standard key to give a predefined meaning thereto and, optionally, may be provided with text and/or numerals thereon.
  • the surgical instrument 3 is provided with one or more recesses 4 of a suitable size to receive the disc 1.
  • the recesses 4 may be created by using a pre-formed drill sink to the desired depth then, using an oscillating specific angle dovetail cutter, enlarging the recess to the desired diameter.
  • the uppermost edge of each recess has an edge blend radius 5.
  • the side walls 6 of each recess are tapered inwardly, as best shown in Figure 5.
  • the upper surface 7 of the disc is slightly concave and hoop stresses in the disc retain it in position.
  • the lowermost surface of the recess needs to be shaped so that there is sufficient space for the slightly convex lower surface 8 of the disc to fit therein.
  • the lowermost surface 9 of the recess may be conical as illustrated in Figure 4.
  • the slightly concave upper surface of the disc is advantageous as it means that no part of the colour-coded label (i.e. the disc) protrudes beyond the surface of the surgical instrument 3 , eliminating the risk that any part of the colour-coded label could be broken off.
  • the extremely tight fit of the disc within the recess reduces the risk of loosening of the label over time and during repeated heat treatment of the surgical instrument.
  • the downward force necessary to apply the disc into the recess is typically of the order of 4-5kg. This force could be applied by a hydraulic press in a straightforward manner, when compared with the labour- intensive application of conventional coloured plastic rings, plugs, press-pins or tags.
  • a recess 10 is provided in the surface of the surgical instrument 3; the recess includes an internal ridge 11 which is inwardly- protruding.
  • the ridge 11 need not be continuous as illustrated in Figure 6, but may comprise one or more discrete ridges.
  • the disc 12 is provided with a peripheral groove 13 of suitable dimensions to locate over the ridge 11.
  • the peripheral groove 13 is deep enough to, effectively, divide the disc into two (joined) parts 12A and 12B, the extremities of which are capable of some movement or flexibility with respect to one another.
  • the disc 12 In use, the disc 12 is pushed into the recess 10, causing part 12A of the disc to flex relative to part 12B so that it can ride over the ridge 11.
  • the disc and recess may be of any suitable alternative shape to that illustrated in Figure 6, so long as a ridge and groove are provided, as discussed above.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

A method of labelling a surgical instrument comprising the steps of: -providing a recess (4, 10) in a surface of the surgical instrument; -pushing a resilient disc (1, 12A, 12B) into said recess so that hoop stress in said disc retains said disc within said recess.

Description

LABELLING SYSTEM
This invention relates to the field of labelling medical instruments, in particular those for use in sterile surgical conditions.
Surgical instruments may be colour-coded with a label in order to visually indicate their size, purpose, left or right-handedness or other characteristics. A non- exhaustive list of instruments having such labelling includes: hip, knee, toe, spinal, shoulder, elbow and tibial instruments, femoral reamers, rasps, graters and cutting blocks .
The colour-coded labels generally comprise one or more regions of colour, whose meaning is determined with reference to a key.
Such colour-coded labels must be: 1. non-toxic, as the instrument is obviously intended to be used in a sterile environment; 2. permanently fixed to the instrument as it is clearly very undesirable for the label to become detached and fall into the operating area; 3. durable so that there is substantially no colour fading or corrosion over time; 4. substantially unaffected by sterilisation processes, autoclaves, ultrasound treatment, heat treatment etc.
A known method of colour-coded labelling for surgical instruments comprises using one or more coloured plastic rings, plugs, press-pins or tags. Such labels are physically attached to the surgical instruments and occasionally suffer the problem of becoming undesirably detached from the instruments, not only creating a medical risk to the patient but also meaning the unlabelled instrument cannot be sterilised and used again.
Furthermore, it is not always possible to conveniently attach such a label to some instruments. Those instruments which are particularly small or thin ,may not comprise enough material to which a label could be attached.
It is labour-intensive and therefore expensive to attach physical colour-coded labels to each surgical instrument.
Finally, it is undesirable to have the colour-coded label physically protruding from (i.e. not flush with) the surface of the instrument, creating a risk that the label may be broken off.
As an alternative to a physically-attached label, it is known to create a depression or recess at a convenient location on the instrument and then fill this recess with a coloured epoxy resin which, when cured, forms a solid coloured label within the recess. This has the advantage of the label being flush with the surface of the instrument .
However, any epoxy resin to be used in a surgical environment must be subjected to rigorous tests as to its non-toxicity . Furthermore, there is a significant risk that, during heat treatment in an autoclave for example, the epoxy resin label may expand at a different rate to the instrument and become loosened or detached from the recess in which it is located. The label may then fall off the instrument in the autoclave or, even more undesirably, during a surgical procedure.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide apparatus and a method for colour-coding surgical instruments which seeks to alleviate the above-described problems .
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of labelling a surgical instrument comprising the steps of: providing a recess in a surface of the surgical instrument; pushing a resilient disc into said recess so that hoop stress in said disc retains said disc within said recess.
The hoop stresses in the disc cause the disc to be firmly retained within the recess, making it difficult to remove deliberately and very unlikely to fall out accidentally. The top surface of the disc is preferably concave so that no part of the disc protrudes above the surface of the surgical instrument.
The coloured disc therefore provides a clear and durable colour-coded label for the surgical instrument which can withstand the repeated sterilisation and/or heat treatment processes to which a surgical instrument is typically subjected.
Preferably, said recess has an inwardly-tapered wall.
Preferably, said disc and said recess are substantially circular. In a preferred form, a lowermost surface of the recess is generally conical.
Preferably, the disc is provided with at least one edge blend radius .
Preferably, the recess is provided with at least one edge blend radius.
The edge blend radiuses on the disc and/or recess facilitate the pressing of the disc into the recess.
In a preferred form, said disc is pushed into said recess using a hydraulic press.
Preferably, said disc is made from acetal . Alternatively, the disc is made from PEEK [PolyEtherEtherKetone]..
Preferably, the disc is manufactured using injection moulding techniques.
In a preferred form, two or more recesses are provided on the surgical instrument.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a surgical instrument labelled using the method of any of the preceding paragraphs.
According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided a colour-coded label comprising a resilient disc used in the method of any of the preceding paragraphs.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be more particularly described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 shows a chamfer cutter including a colour-coded label;
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a disc label embodying one aspect of the present invention;
Figure 3 is a side view of the disc shown in Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of a section of a surgical instrument, showing two recesses and one disc label in place;
Figure 5 is a schematic side view of the section of the surgical instrument shown in Figure 4; and
Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Throughout this description, reference to the term "disc" is not limited to meaning a strictly circular disc.
Figure 1 shows a chamfer cutter which includes a colour- coded label 20.
Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the colour-coded label comprises a substantially planar plastics disc 1 which can be of any desired colour. The lowermost edge of the disc has an edge blend radius 2.
The disc is made from a plastic having a relatively high melting point. The disc must be capable of withstanding repeated autoclave operations at temperatures in the region of 135°C and it is therefore preferable to utilise a plastic with a melting point significantly higher than this. Acetal, which may be used, has a melting point in the region of 150-160°C. Alternatively, PEEK [PolyEtherEtherKetone] can be used which has a much higher melting point - in the region of 300°C. Other suitable materials may be envisaged.
The selected material is formed into a disc using injection moulding techniques. The disc so formed is pressed into the stainless steel of the surgical instrument. The disc needs to be resilient, i.e. must be capable of flexing to at least some extent. The disc is coloured according to a standard key to give a predefined meaning thereto and, optionally, may be provided with text and/or numerals thereon.
The surgical instrument 3 is provided with one or more recesses 4 of a suitable size to receive the disc 1. The recesses 4 may be created by using a pre-formed drill sink to the desired depth then, using an oscillating specific angle dovetail cutter, enlarging the recess to the desired diameter. The uppermost edge of each recess has an edge blend radius 5. The side walls 6 of each recess are tapered inwardly, as best shown in Figure 5.
In order to label the surgical" instrument 3, a downward force is applied to the disc 1 so that it is pushed downwardly, into the recess 4. As the edge 2 of the disc contacts the uppermost edge 5 of the recess 4, the disc is guided into the recess. Once edge 2 (on the disc) and edge 5 (on the recess) have passed one another, the tapered walls 6 of the recess cause the disc 1 to flex inwardly, as best shown in Figure 4.
Once the disc 1 is fully engaged in the recess 4, the upper surface 7 of the disc is slightly concave and hoop stresses in the disc retain it in position.
The lowermost surface of the recess needs to be shaped so that there is sufficient space for the slightly convex lower surface 8 of the disc to fit therein. For example, the lowermost surface 9 of the recess may be conical as illustrated in Figure 4.
The slightly concave upper surface of the disc is advantageous as it means that no part of the colour-coded label (i.e. the disc) protrudes beyond the surface of the surgical instrument 3 , eliminating the risk that any part of the colour-coded label could be broken off.
Furthermore, the extremely tight fit of the disc within the recess reduces the risk of loosening of the label over time and during repeated heat treatment of the surgical instrument.
The downward force necessary to apply the disc into the recess is typically of the order of 4-5kg. This force could be applied by a hydraulic press in a straightforward manner, when compared with the labour- intensive application of conventional coloured plastic rings, plugs, press-pins or tags.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 6. In this embodiment, a recess 10 is provided in the surface of the surgical instrument 3; the recess includes an internal ridge 11 which is inwardly- protruding. The ridge 11 need not be continuous as illustrated in Figure 6, but may comprise one or more discrete ridges. The disc 12 is provided with a peripheral groove 13 of suitable dimensions to locate over the ridge 11. The peripheral groove 13 is deep enough to, effectively, divide the disc into two (joined) parts 12A and 12B, the extremities of which are capable of some movement or flexibility with respect to one another.
In use, the disc 12 is pushed into the recess 10, causing part 12A of the disc to flex relative to part 12B so that it can ride over the ridge 11.
Once part 12A is past the ridge 11, the ridge is located within the groove 13 and the disc 12 is firmly retained within the recess 10. Again, since the disc is flush with the surface of the surgical instrument 3, there is no risk of part of the colour-coded label (i.e. the disc) being broken off.
The disc and recess may be of any suitable alternative shape to that illustrated in Figure 6, so long as a ridge and groove are provided, as discussed above.

Claims

1. A method of labelling a surgical instrument comprising the steps of: providing a recess in a surface of the surgical instrument; pushing a resilient disc into said recess so that hoop stress in said disc retains said disc within said recess.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said recess has an inwardly-tapered wall.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said disc and said recess are substantially circular.
4. A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein a lowermost surface of the recess is generally conical .
5. A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the disc is provided with at least one edge blend radius .
6. A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the recess is provided with at least one edge blend radius .
7. A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein said disc is pushed into said recess using a hydraulic press.
8. A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein said disc is made from acetal.
9. A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein said disc is made from PEEK [PolyEtherEtherKetone] .
10.A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein said disc is manufactured using injection moulding techniques.
11.A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein two or more recesses are provided on the surgical instrument.
12. A method of labelling a surgical instrument ' substantially as described ' herein with reference to any appropriate combination of the accompanying drawings .
13. A surgical instrument labelled using the method of any of the preceding claims.
14. A colour-coded label comprising a resilient disc used in the method of any of the preceding claims.
PCT/GB2004/005388 2003-12-22 2004-12-20 Labelling system WO2005060854A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0329508.6 2003-12-22
GB0329508A GB2409445B (en) 2003-12-22 2003-12-22 Labelling system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005060854A1 true WO2005060854A1 (en) 2005-07-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2004/005388 WO2005060854A1 (en) 2003-12-22 2004-12-20 Labelling system

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GB (1) GB2409445B (en)
WO (1) WO2005060854A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8048035B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2011-11-01 Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc. Automatic injector with needle cover
US8870827B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2014-10-28 Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc. Automatic injector

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2887757B1 (en) * 2005-07-04 2008-05-09 Uthemann Cyril De INSTRUMENT SUCH AS A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT.
KR20100111665A (en) * 2007-11-13 2010-10-15 빅토르 헤게뒤스 System and method for marking any non-living or living objects, and marking element and use of same for marking any objects, in particular for object control and object management
FR2957240B1 (en) * 2010-03-10 2012-04-20 Philippe Laheurte MEDICAL DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH RFID IDENTIFICATION MODULE

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19635994A1 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-12 Adolf Wuerth Gmbh & Co Kg Tool identifying system
EP0829842A1 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-18 Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG Tool system
FR2770127A1 (en) * 1997-10-23 1999-04-30 Oury Guye Et Fils Marker for labeling surgical instruments
US6030386A (en) * 1998-08-10 2000-02-29 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Six axis external fixator strut
EP1238636A1 (en) * 2001-03-05 2002-09-11 ORTHOFIX S.r.l. External fixation device with identification means

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1984839A (en) * 1932-05-21 1934-12-18 Neville Ryland Davis Identification means for tools
US4671916A (en) * 1985-11-13 1987-06-09 Hamas Robert S Method of indentifying instruments as belonging to a set
US5584113A (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-12-17 Hovorka; Fred D. Method for identifying cast parts

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19635994A1 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-12 Adolf Wuerth Gmbh & Co Kg Tool identifying system
EP0829842A1 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-18 Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG Tool system
FR2770127A1 (en) * 1997-10-23 1999-04-30 Oury Guye Et Fils Marker for labeling surgical instruments
US6030386A (en) * 1998-08-10 2000-02-29 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Six axis external fixator strut
EP1238636A1 (en) * 2001-03-05 2002-09-11 ORTHOFIX S.r.l. External fixation device with identification means

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8048035B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2011-11-01 Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc. Automatic injector with needle cover
US8870827B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2014-10-28 Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc. Automatic injector
US9586010B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2017-03-07 Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc. Automatic injector with needle cover

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0329508D0 (en) 2004-01-28
GB2409445B (en) 2006-03-29
GB2409445A (en) 2005-06-29

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