WO1996009962A1

WO1996009962A1 - Vacuum system

Info

Publication number: WO1996009962A1
Application number: PCT/US1995/010977
Authority: WO
Inventors: Per-Olof WESSLÉN; Steven Kostrova
Original assignee: Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A.
Priority date: 1994-09-28
Filing date: 1995-08-29
Publication date: 1996-04-04
Also published as: JPH10506081A; EP0783436A1; NO971007D0; JP3756518B2; FI970605A0; FI970605A; NO971007L; US5603599A; MX9701381A; BR9509088A; NO316436B1; EP0783436A4; AU3498395A; CA2196156A1

Abstract

An apparatus (20) for transferring a workpiece from one location of a machine to another is disclosed. The apparatus (20) includes a plurality of picking assemblies (110) that are movable along a closed transfer path. Each of the picking assemblies (110) includes a vaccum manifold assembly (130) that receives a compressed gas, such as compressed shop air. A vacuum generator (330), such as Venturi device, is disposed in the vacuum manifold assembly (130) and generates a vacuum from the compressed gas received at the input (340) of the vacuum manifold assembly. The vacuum manifold assembly (130) further includes at least one suction cup (450) in fluid communication with the vacuum generated by the vaccum generator (330).

Description

VACUUM SYSTEM TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a vacuum system. More particularly, the

present invention relates to a vacuum system for a rotary picker used to transfer blanks in a packaging machine.

BACKGROUND

There are known devices which transfer a workpiece from one location to

another within a machine. Such devices are used extensively in packaging machines.

One such device, known as a rotary picking assembly, is shown and described in

U.S. Patent No. 5,215,515 to Breshadsky. That rotary picking assembly

automatically opens and transfers carton blanks within a packaging machine. The

assembly includes a plurality of picker arms that are moved along a closed circular

path. Each of the picker arms includes a single suction cup in fluid communication

with a vacuum pump. An additional supporting member is mounted immediately behind and moves together with the suction cups for preventing the carton blank

from being tilted, misaligned, or knocked off during transfer. In operation, a carton blank is initially gripped from a magazine or rack by

the suction cup of the respective picker arm. The carton blank is broken open by a

pivoted transverse member that swings from an open condition to a closed condition Ultimately, the open blank is transferred to a receiving member of a conveyor which transfers the carton to further portions of the packaging machine, for example, for filling and sealing.

Another rotary picking assembly is illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 5,102,385

to Calvert. The assembly shown and described therein includes a suction cup device

that moves radially inwardly and outwardly on a slidable rod as it orbits about a centrally rotating shaft.

In the rotary picking assemblies known in the art, the suction cups are directly

supplied with a vacuum that is generated by a vacuum pump. Such vacuum pumps can be quite large and are often inefficient. Additionally, regulation of the vacuum

supplied to the suction cups can be difficult to maintain in proper synchronism with the motion of the picker arms (i.e., activating the suction at selected portions of the

transfer path). A more efficient and effective vacuum system is therefore desirable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An apparatus for transferring a workpiece from one location of a machine to another is disclosed. The apparatus includes a plurality of picking assemblies that

are movable along a closed transfer path. Each of the picking assemblies includes

a vacuum manifold assembly that receives a compressed gas, such as compressed

shop air. A vacuum generator, such as Venturi device, is disposed in the vacuum

manifold assembly and generates a vacuum from the compressed gas received at the

input of the vacuum manifold assembly. The vacuum manifold assembly further

includes at least on suction cup in fluid communication with the vacuum generated

by the vacuum generator.

In accordance with one embodiment of the vacuum manifold assembly, the

vacuum manifold assembly utilizes a first housing portion that includes a chamber

for holding the vacuum generator. Compressed gas is supplied through a connector at an input at the first housing portion and, therefrom, to the input of the vacuum

generator. The vacuum manifold assembly further utilizes a second housing portion

including a vacuum manifold chamber in fluid communication with at least one

suction cup. An intermediate wall is disposed between the first and second housing portions. The intermediate wall has an aperture to provide fluid communication

between the vacuum manifold chamber and the vacuum output of the vacuum

generator. The first housing portion may include a further exhaust aperture, wherein

the exhaust aperture and the input aperture are disposed along generally parallel axes

and, further, are co-planar. In accordance with a still further aspect of the vacuum manifold assembly,

the assembly can include three suction cups arranged at the apices of a triangle. In

such instance, the second housing portion is provided with at least three suction cup

apertures that facilitate fluid communication between the vacuum manifold chamber

and the three suction cups. The vacuum manifold chamber includes a first vacuum

chamber extending along a generally straight path between two of the suction cups

and a second vacuum chamber extending from and transverse to the first vacuum

chamber and providing fluid communication between the first vacuum chamber and

the third suction cup.

A valve assembly is used to control the flow of the compressed gas to the

vacuum manifold assemblies disposed on the various picking assemblies. The valve

assembly controls the flow of the compressed gas to the plurality of picking

assemblies in synchronism with the movement of the plurality of picking assemblies

so that each of the picking assemblies is supplied with compressed gas along only a

portion of the closed transfer path.

In accordance with one embodiment of the valve assembly, the valve

assembly includes a housing having a generally conical interior chamber and a

distribution chamber. The distribution chamber proceeds about less than the full

circumference of the interior conical chamber and is in fluid communication with a

fluid supply channel. The fluid supply channel is disposed through sidewalls of the

housing.

The valve assembly further includes a distribution member that is disposed

at least partially in the conical interior chamber of the housing. The distribution member has a generally conical nose portion which is shaped to conform to the

conical interior chamber. The distribution member further includes a plurality of

fluid communication channels formed therein, each of which has a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The fluid inlets of the plurality of fluid communication channels are

disposed about the circumference of the conical nose and coincide in position with the distribution chamber.

In operation, the distribution member and the housing are disposed for relative rotation with one another. The relative rotation causes sequential fluid

communication between selected ones of the plurality of fluid communication

channels and the distribution chamber. Thus, a compressed gas supplied to the

distribution chamber is selectively supplied to one or more of the fluid

communication channels dependent on the relative rotation between the distribution

member and the housing.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon reference to the accompanying detailed description when taken in conjunction

with the following drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a rotary picking

apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of one embodiment of a picking arm for use

in the apparatus.

FIGs. 3 and 4 illustrate one embodiment of a hub assembly.

FIGs. 5 - 8 illustrate one embodiment of a vacuum assembly for use in the

apparatus of FIG. 1.

FIGs. 9 - 12 illustrate one embodiment of a valve assembly suitable for use

in the apparatus of FIG. 1.

FIGs. 13 - 14 illustrate a further embodiment of a picking arm.

FIGs. 15 - 16 illustrate a further embodiment of a hub assembly.

FIGs. 17 - 21 illustrate a further embodiment of a valve assembly suitable for

use in the apparatus of FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a picking apparatus, shown generally at

20. The picking apparatus 20 includes a hub assembly 30 that is rigidly connected

to a hollow shaft 40. The hollow shaft 40 extends from the hub assembly 30 to a

position proximate the top portion of the housing of a valve assembly 60. The valve

assembly 60, in turn, is connected to receive a compressed gas, such as shop air

from, for example, a compressor 70, along a pressurized gas line 80. A guide

member 90 is disposed beneath the hub assembly 30 and, for example, may be

integral with a frame that supports the assembly 20. Both the guide member 90 and

the housing 50 of the valve mechanism 60 are mounted in a fixed position. The hub

assembly 30 and hollow shaft 40, however, are mounted for co-rotation about a

rotation axis, shown at arrow 100.

A plurality of picking assemblies 110 are attached to the hub assembly 30.

Each picking assembly 110 includes a vacuum manifold assembly 130 mounted to

the hub assembly 30 by, for example, a rigid sheath 115. A picking arm 117 is

disposed proximate each of the picking assemblies. Each of the picking arms 117

include a shaft 119 extending through the hub assembly 30, one or more transverse

arms 118 extending from the shaft 119 in the region of the shaft 119 above the hub

assembly 30, and a follower arm 135 mounted to the shaft 119 in a region of the shaft

below the hub assembly 30.

As illustrated in FIGs. 2 A and 2B, the follower arm 135 includes a follower

140 that engages a cam track 150 (see FIG. 1) of the guide member 90. The follower

140 is disposed at the joint between two lever arms 142 and 144. Lever arm 142 proceeds between follower 140 and the picking arm shaft 119 while lever arm 144

proceeds between the follower 140 and connecting arm 146 that connects lever arm

144 to the hub assembly 30 by a pin 147.

A plurality of gas hoses 160 extend from the valve mechanism 60 and are

used to supply compressed gas from the valve assembly 60 to each vacuum manifold

assembly 130. These compressed gas hoses 160 extend through the interior of the

hollow shaft 40 and, as will be set forth below, proceed through a plurality of

apertures disposed in the hub assembly 30 to each engage a compressed gas inlet of

a respective vacuum manifold assembly 130.

FIGs. 3 and 4 are top and bottom perspective views of the hub assembly 30.

As illustrated, the hub assembly 30 is in the form of a disk and includes a shell 170

having a hollow interior portion and a weighted perimeter 172, a centrally disposed

hub 180 in the hollow interior portion of the shell 170, and a plurality of ribs 190

extending radially from the hub 180 in the interior portion of the shell 170. The hub

180 includes a centrally disposed aperture 200 and a threaded portion 210 that

engages the top of the hollow shaft 40 which likewise has a corresponding threaded

top portion. A plurality of apertures 220 are disposed through the sidewalls of the

hub 180 and a further corresponding set of apertures 230 are disposed through the

shell 170. The gas hoses 160 extending through the hollow shaft 40 pass through

apertures 220 and 230 to engage their respective vacuum manifold assemblies 130.

Generally circular mounting members 240 extend from the upper face of the

shell 170 about each hose aperture 230. A plurality of fastening apertures 250 are

disposed about each hose aperture 230 of each mounting member 240. A protective sheath 260 , as illustrated in FIG. 1, is disposed over each gas hose 160 and is connected between each mounting member 240 and the rear of each vacuum

manifold assembly 130 to protect the respective hose. The sheath 260 may be

connected to mounting members 240 by fasteners, such as screws, that engage sheath

260 and fastening aperture 250.

A plurality of shaft apertures 270 extend through the shell 170 and expanded

portions 280 of the ribs 190. The shaft apertures 270 engage the picking arm shafts

119. Pin apertures 275 engage the pin 146 of each respective follower arm 135.

FIGS 5 - 8 illustrate the vacuum manifold assembly 130 and its various

component parts. The vacuum manifold assembly 130 includes a first housing

portion 290, a second housing portion 300, and an intermediate wall 310 separating

the first and second housing portions 290 and 300. The first housing portion 290 includes an interiorly disposed wall 320 that defines a holding chamber for holding

a vacuum generating device 330 , such as, for example, a Venturi device. An inlet

aperture 340 and an exhaust aperture 350 are disposed through the rear wall 360 of

the first housing portion 290 in the region of the holding chamber to facilitate in providing compressed gas to the vacuum generating device 330 and , further, to

facilitate in providing an outlet for gas that is exhausted from the vacuum generating

device 330. The inlet and exhaust apertures 340 and 350 are disposed along parallel axes and, further, are co-planar.

The inlet aperture 340 may be fit with a nozzle that interconnects the

respective compressed gas hose 160 with the inlet of the vacuum generating device

330. The vacuum generating device 330 may be a Venturi device such as one of Model Nos. LI 5 or L30 Vakuumchips available from PIAB that is modified so that

the outlet for exhaust gas is on an axis parallel with the axis of the inlet that receives

compressed gas through the respective gas hose 160. The Venturi device accepts

compressed gas at its inlet 360 and creates a vacuum force at a vacuum outlet 370

that is disposed through a sidewall of the Venturi device opposite the inlet 360 and

exhaust 380.

The second housing portion 300 is illustrated in FIG. 7. The second housing

portion 300 includes an interiorly disposed wall 390 that defines a manifold chamber

400 . Three suction cup apertures 410, 412, 414 are provide through the fore wall

420 of the second housing portion 300 and are arranged at apices of a triangular formation. The vacuum manifold chamber 400 includes a first manifold sub-

chamber 430 that extends between two of the suction cup apertures 410 and 414. A

second manifold sub-chamber 440 extends from and is transverse to the first vacuum

manifold sub-chamber 430. The second manifold sub-chamber 440 facilitates fluid

communication between the first vacuum manifold sub-chamber 430 and the suction

cup aperture 412. The suction cup apertures 410, 412, 414 may be provided with

suction cup assemblies 450. The suction cup assemblies 450 are thus in fluid

communication with the vacuum outlet 370 of the vacuum generating device 330 via

the vacuum manifold chamber 400.

The intermediate wall 310 is illustrated in FIG. 8. An aperture 460 is

disposed through the intermediate wall 310 in a region that is proximate the vacuum

outlet 370 of the Venturi device 330 when the intermediate wall 310 is assembled

with the first housing portion 290. The aperture 460 facilitates fluid communication between the vacuum outlet 370 of the vacuum generating device 330 and the vacuum

manifold chamber 400. Gaskets may be placed at various locations within the assembly 130 to ensure more efficient operation.

In operation, compressed gas is supplied at the inlet of the vacuum manifold

assembly 130. The compressed gas flows to the inlet 360 of the Venturi device 330

where it is used to create a vacuum at vacuum outlet 370. Exhaust gas exits from the aperture 380 to the exhaust aperture 350 of the first housing portion 290. The

exhaust aperture 350 may be provided with a silencer. The vacuum generated by the

Venturi device 330 is communicated between the first housing portion 290 and the

vacuum manifold chamber 400 of the second housing portion 290 by virtue of the aperture 460 disposed in the intermediate wall 310. The vacuum manifold chamber

400 assists in providing communication of the vacuum to each of the suction cup

assemblies 450 which, in turn, grip a workpiece such as a carton blank.

FIGs. 9 - 12 illustrate the various components of the valve assembly 60. As

illustrated, the valve assembly 60 includes a housing 500, a distribution member 510,

a cover plate 520, a flange plate 525, and a spring 530. In the exemplary embodiment, the distribution member 510 may be formed of Teflon while the spring

530, plate 520 and housing 500 may be formed from stainless steel.

The housing 500 includes a generally conical interior chamber 540 and a

distribution chamber 550. The distribution chamber 550 proceeds about less than the

full circumference of the conical interior chamber 540. The distribution chamber 550 is, further, in fluid communication with a fluid supply channel 560 which is disposed

through the sidewall of the housing 500 and that, for example, receives a compressed gas from the compressed gas line 80. Two pressure relief apertures 570

and 580 are disposed through the sidewall of the housing 500 in locations above and

below the position of the distribution chamber 550.

The distribution member 510 is disposed at least partially in the conical

interior chamber 540 of the housing 500 and includes a generally conical nose

portion 590 that conforms to the conical interior chamber 540 of the housing 500.

The conical nose portion 590 extends through a nose aperture 600 disposed through

the bottom wall 610 of the housing 500.

A plurality of fluid communication channels 620 proceed through the

distribution member 510. Each of the fluid communication channels 620 includes

a respective fluid inlet 630 and a fluid outlet 640. The fluid inlets 630 are disposed

about the circumference of the conical nose portion 590 of the distribution member

510 at a vertical position corresponding with the vertical position of the distribution

chamber 55. The fluid outlets 640 are disposed at the top of a cylindrical portion

650 that extends from the top of the conical nose portion 590 of the distribution

member 510. In the illustrated embodiment, the fluid outlets 640 include quick-

connect nozzles that connect to the compressed gas hoses 160 that extend through the

hollow shaft 40. Pressure relief channels 660 are disposed above and below the fluid

inlet apertures 630 at vertical positions coinciding with the pressure relief apertures

570 of the housing 580.

A shaft aperture 670 is disposed in the cylindrical portion 650 of the

distribution member 510. The shaft aperture 670 of the exemplary embodiment

engages, for example, a rod that, in turn, engages the hollow shaft 40. This engagement facilitates co-rotation of the hollow shaft 40 and the distribution member

510. Alternatively, in instances where the hollow shaft 40 is in a fixed position, the cylindrical portion 650 may directly or indirectly engage, for example, a gear or

timing belt whose motion is coordinated with the rotation of the hub assembly 30.

FIG. 10 illustrates the relative positions of the components when they are

assembled to form the valve assembly 60. As illustrated, the cylindrical portion 650

of the distribution member 510 extends through an aperture 690 of the cover plate 520. The cover plate 520 is secured to the housing 500 by , for example, screw

fasteners that extend about the upper rim of the housing 510. The spring 530 is disposed about the cylindrical portion 655 between the cover plate 520 and the flange

plate 525 disposed about the cylindrical portion 650 of the distribution member 510.

In operation of this exemplary valve assembly 60, the housing 500 is

disposed in a fixed position at the base of the hollow shaft 40 while the distribution member 510 is disposed for co-rotation with the hollow shaft 40, for example, in the

manner previously described. As the hollow shaft 40, hub assembly 30, and

distribution member 510 rotate, only several of the inlet apertures 630 at any given time are placed in fluid communication with the compressed gas that is received through the fluid inlet channel 560. As a result, only selected ones of the vacuum

manifold assemblies 130 receive the compressed gas necessary to generate a

vacuum. The vacuum manifold assemblies 130 that receive compressed gas vary

sequentially as the distribution member 510 rotates. This sequential supply of compressed gas facilitates the sequential application of vacuum pressure that is

required to pick, transfer, and release the carton blank as it is transferred from, for example, a carton blank magazine, to, for example, a conveyor. The selective supply

of the compressed gas to the vacuum manifold assemblies 130 is in synchronism

with the movement of the picking arm assemblies 110 on the hub assembly 30.

As the distribution member 510 rotates, the housing 500 and the distribution

member 510 are subject to wear due to the frictional forces between the two. The

degree of wear can be determined from a visual inspection of the conical nose

portion 590 of the distribution member 510 that extends through the aperture 600 at

the bottom wall 610 of the housing 500. Maintenance can be scheduled based on the

amount of the conical portion 590 extending through the aperture 600. When the

conical portion 590 extends though the aperture 600 a predetermined amount, maintenance is necessary. Further , the nature of the wear of the conical nose portion

590 extending through the aperture 600 can be used to determine whether it is the

distribution member 510 or housing 500 that needs maintenance.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that the particular embodiment of the

valve assembly described herein can also be used to distribute a vacuum under

pressure to a plurality of devices. The valve assembly thus has applications beyond

those described herein.

FIG. 13 illustrates one manner in which the apparatus 20 may be

mechanically driven in synchronism with a conveyor assembly 700. As illustrated,

the conveyor assembly 700 includes a conveyor belt 710 supporting a plurality of

carriers 720 that engage carton blanks 730. Two drive wheels 740 and 750 engage

the conveyor belt 710. Drive wheel 740 includes a drive shaft 760 that engages a

timing belt 770 that, in turn, drives hollow shaft 40 and a drive wheel 780 that engages the perimeter of the hub assembly 30. Alternatively, the timing belt 770 may engage the cylindrical portion 650 of the distribution member 510. The timing

belt, for example, may be driven by a servometer. Other drive mechanisms are likewise suitable for driving the hub assembly 30 and the valve assembly 60.

In operation, the suction cups of the picking assemblies engage carton blanks

disposed in, for example, a magazine 800. The picking assemblies 110 rotate about

rotation axis 100 along a closed path and transfer the carton blanks to the conveyor assembly 700. As the hub rotates the cam track 150 of the guide member 90 controls

the movement of the picking assembly 110 via the respective follower arm 135 to

erect the carton blank during this transfer.

FIGs. 13 and 14 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the picking arm 117.

In this embodiment, the picking arm includes a mounting member 800 including a

body portion 805 that is shaped for engagement with corresponding apertures in the

hub 30 and a flange 810 disposed about the body portion 805 and including mounting

apertures 815 through which fasteners, for example, screws or bolts, secure the flange 810 and body portion 805 to the hub assembly 30.

A picking arm shaft 820 extends through the body portion 805 to engage a follower arm 825 and corresponding follower 830. The follower arm 825 is secured

for pivotal movement about the shaft 820. Follower 830 is disposed for rotation

about a pivot pin 835 and engages the cam track 150. Arms 840 extend from the

upper portion of shaft 820 and, for example, include grasping members 850 (FIG. 2) disposed for pivotal movement about axis 860. Arms 840, follower arm 825, and mounting member 800 may all be formed from, for example Ryton (polyphenylene sulfide based plastic).

Arms 840 assist in grasping and erecting a carton that is picked from a blank

magazine. Erection of the carton blanks may be facilitated apparatus constructed in

accordance with the teachings of U.S.S.N. 08/315,406 (Attorney Docket No.

10612US01; Corporate Docket No. TRX-0120), entitled "Cam Mechanism for

Bending Carton Blanks Fed From The Magazine Of A Packaging Machine", and U.S.S.N.08/317,385 (Attorney Docket No. 10638US01; Corporate Docket No. TRX

- 0136), entitled "Vacuum Assisted Gate Assembly For The Carton Blank Magazine Of A Packaging Machine", both of which are filed on even date herewith and incorporated by reference.

FIGs. 15 and 16 illustrate the picking arm 117 of FIGs 13 and 14 as mounted to an alternative embodiment of the hub assembly 30. In this hub embodiment, the

hub assembly may be formed from spun sheet metal and includes a hollow hub

portion 880 and a shell portion 890. The vacuum manifold assemblies 130 are connected to the hub portion 880 without an intermediate sheath. The hoses 160 thus proceed through the hollow portion of the hub portion and into engagement with

the respective manifold assembly 30.

FIGs. 17 - 21 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the valve mechanism

60. As illustrated, the valve mechanism 60 includes a rotary valve body 900 having a plurality of air channels 910 disposed therethrough. At a top portion of the valve

body 900, there are a plurality of quick connectors 920 respectively associated with

each channel 910 and which are adapted for releasable connection with hoses 160 (FIG. 1). The valve body 900 is disposed within a housing 930 that includes a plug channel 940 that positionally coincides with a distribution channel 950 (FIGs.20 and

21). An adjustment clamp 960 is disposed about the housing 930 and includes a

plug member 970 that extends through a corresponding aperture 980 in the sidewall of the adjustment clamp 960 and into the plug channel 950. A primary air supply

connector 990 is disposed through a sidewall of the adjustment clamp 960 and is

connected to a primary air supply. The adjustment clamp 960 may be rotated about

the housing 930 to alter the effective length of the distribution channel 950 that, in turn, is in fluid communication with the channels 910 of the valve body as it rotates

with respect to the housing 930. This facilitates control of the air supply so that each

of the vacuum assemblies is provided with a supply of air only along an angular path

that is adjustable by the user.

A secondary air supply connector 1000 is disposed beneath the housing 930

and provides fluid communication between a secondary air supply and a picking

chamber 1010. The picking chamber 1010 is disposed at a position to control air

flow to each of the vacuum assemblies 130 as each vacuum assembly is at a position

at which it is picking a blank from a magazine. In this manner, picking of the blanks may be prevented without altering the supply of air to the vacuum assemblies 130 as

they proceed along the angular path that has been set by the user. Other components of the valve assembly 60 include a cover 1020, fasteners

1030, thrust washers 1040, spring washers 1050, adjustment screw 1055, and needle

bearing 1060. The housing , for example, may be made from stainless steel while the

rotary valve 900 may be made from Wolf plastic. Although the present invention has been described with reference to a specific

embodiment, those of skill in the art will recognize that changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the

appended claims.

Claims

WE CLAIM AS OUR INVENTION:

1. An apparatus for transferring a workpiece, the apparatus comprising:

a plurality of picking assemblies that are movable along a closed

transfer path, each of the picking assemblies comprising

a vacuum manifold assembly, the vacuum manifold assembly

including an input for receiving compressed gas;

vacuum generating means disposed in the vacuum manifold

assembly for generating a vacuum from compressed gas received at

the input of the vacuum manifold assembly;

at least on suction cup in fluid communication with the

vacuum generated by the vacuum generating means; and

valve means for controlling the flow of the compressed gas

to the plurality of picking assemblies, the valve means controlling the

flow of the compressed gas in synchronism with movement of the

plurality of picking assemblies so that each of the picking assemblies

is supplied with compressed gas along only a portion of the closed

transfer path.

2. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the compressed gas is

compressed air.

3. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the vacuum manifold assembly comprises:

a first housing portion including a chamber for holding the vacuum generating means, the first housing portion having an input

aperture to facilitate in providing the compressed gas to an input of the vacuum generating means;

a second housing portion including a vacuum manifold chamber in fluid communication with the at least one suction cup;

and

an intermediate wall disposed between the first and second housing portions, the intermediate wall having an aperture to provide

fluid communication between the vacuum manifold chamber and a vacuum output of the vacuum generating means.

4. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 3 wherein the first housing portion

includes an exhaust aperture substantially co-planar with the input aperture.

5. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the exhaust aperture and the input aperture are disposed along generally parallel axes.

6. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 3 wherein the vacuum generating means is a Venturi device having an inlet for receiving the compressed gas and an

exhaust, the inlet and exhaust being disposed along generally parallel axes.

7. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the apparatus includes at least three suction cups.

8. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 3 wherein the apparatus includes at least

three suction cups and wherein the second housing portion includes at least

three suction cup apertures that facilitate providing fluid communication

between the vacuum manifold chamber and the at least three suction cups.

9. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 8 wherein the vacuum manifold chamber

comprises:

a first vacuum subchamber extending between two of the at

least three suction cups; and

a second vacuum subchamber extending from and transverse

to the first vacuum chamber and providing fluid communication

between the first vacuum chamber and a third suction cup of the at

least three suction cups.

10. An apparatus for transferring a workpiece, the apparatus comprising:

a plurality of picking assemblies that are movable along a

closed transfer path, each of the picking assemblies comprising

vacuum generating means for generating a vacuum from the

compressed gas, the vacuum being operable to allow the picker arm to vacuum grip the workpiece when the picker arm is supplied with the compressed gas; and

valve means for controlling the flow of compressed gas to the

plurality of picking assemblies, the valve means controlling the flow

of the compressed gas in synchronism with movement of the plurality

of picking assemblies so that each of the picking assemblies is

supplied with compressed gas along only a portion of the closed

transfer path.

11. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 10 wherein the compressed gas is compressed air.

12. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 10 and further comprising a vacuum

manifold assembly, the vacuum generating means being disposed in the

vacuum manifold assembly.

13. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 12 wherein the vacuum manifold assembly

comprises:

a first housing portion including a chamber for holding the

vacuum generating means, the first housing portion having an input

aperture to facilitate in providing the compressed gas to an input of

the vacuum generating means; a second housing portion including a vacuum manifold chamber in fluid communication with at least one suction cup, the at least one suction cup operable to grip a workpiece upon application of a vacuum to the suction cup; and

an intermediate wall disposed between the first and second

housing portions, the intermediate wall having an aperture to provide

14. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 13 wherein the first housing portion

includes an exhaust aperture substantially co-planar with the input aperture.

15. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 13 wherein the first housing portion

includes an exhaust aperture, the exhaust aperture and the input aperture

being disposed along generally parallel axes.

16. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 13 wherein the vacuum generating means is a Venturi device having an inlet for receiving the compressed gas and an exhaust, the inlet and exhaust being disposed along generally parallel axes.

17. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 13 wherein the apparatus includes at least

three suction cups and wherein the second housing portion includes at least three suction cup apertures that facilitate providing fluid communication between the vacuum manifold chamber and the at least three suction cups.

18. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 17 wherein the vacuum manifold chamber

comprises: a first vacuum subchamber extending between two of the at least three suction cups; and

a second vacuum subchamber extending from and transverse

to the first vacuum chamber and providing fluid communication between the first vacuum chamber and a third suction cup of the at least three suction cups.

19. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the valve means comprises:

a housing having a generally conical interior chamber and a

distribution chamber, the distribution chamber proceeding about less

than the full circumference of the conical interior chamber and being in fluid communication with a fluid supply channel, the fluid supply

channel being disposed through sidewalls of the housing; and a distribution member connected for synchronous movement

with the plurality of picking assemblies along the closed transfer

path, the distribution member disposed at least partially in the conical

interior chamber of the housing and having a generally conical nose

portion conforming to the conical interior chamber, the distributor member and the housing being disposed for relative rotation with one

another, the distribution member having a plurality of fluid communication channels formed therein, each of the fluid

communication channels having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the

fluid inlets of the plurality of fluid communication channels being

disposed along the circumference of the conical nose portion at a position coinciding with the distribution chamber, relative rotation of

the housing and the distribution member causing selective fluid

communication between selected ones of the plurality of fluid

communication channels and the distribution chamber.

20. A valve assembly for distributing a fluid to a plurality of devices, the valve

assembly comprising: a housing having a generally conical interior chamber and a

distribution chamber, the distribution chamber proceeding about less

than the full circumference of the conical interior chamber and being

in fluid communication with a fluid supply channel, the fluid supply channel being disposed through sidewalls of the housing; and

a distribution member disposed at least partially in the conical

interior chamber of the housing and having a generally conical nose

portion conforming to the conical interior chamber, the distributor

member and the housing being disposed for relative rotation with one

another, the distribution member having a plurality of fluid communication channels formed therein, each of the fluid communication channels having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the

fluid inlets of the plurality of fluid communication channels being disposed along the circumference of the conical nose portion at a

position coinciding with the distribution chamber, relative rotation of

the housing and the distribution member causing selective fluid

communication between selected ones of the plurality of fluid communication channels and the distribution chamber.

21. A valve assembly as claimed in Claim 20 wherein the distribution member further comprises a cylindrical portion extending from the conical nose portion, the fluid outlets of the plurality of fluid communication channels

being disposed on a face of the cylindrical portion.

22. A valve assembly as claimed in Claim 21 wherein the cylindrical portion includes an aperture disposed through a sidewall thereof for connection to a

rotating pin to facilitate relative rotation between the housing and the

distribution member.

23. A valve assembly as claimed in Claim 20 wherein the conical nose portion

includes at least two pressure relief channels extending about the

circumference of the conical nose portion and disposed on opposite sides of

the fluid inlets of the plurality of fluid communication channels.

24. A valve assembly as claimed in Claim 23 wherein the housing includes

pressure relief apertures in fluid communication with the at least two pressure relief channels.

25. A valve assembly as claimed in Claim 21 wherein the housing further

comprises a plate disposed about the cylindrical portion of the distribution

member, the plate having an aperture through which the cylindrical portion of the distribution member extends.

26. A valve assembly as claimed in Claim 25 and further comprising a spring

member disposed interior to the housing between the plate and the conical nose portion of the distribution member.

27. An apparatus for vacuum gripping a workpiece, the apparatus comprising: a vacuum manifold assembly, the vacuum manifold assembly

including an input for receiving compressed gas;

vacuum generating means disposed in the vacuum manifold

assembly for generating a vacuum from compressed gas received at the input of the vacuum manifold assembly; and

at least one suction cup in fluid communication with the

vacuum generated by the vacuum generating means.

28. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 27 wherein the vacuum manifold assembly

comprises:

a first housing portion including a chamber for holding the

vacuum generation means, the first housing portion having an input

aperture to facilitate providing the compressed gas to an input of the

vacuum generating means;

a second housing portion including a vacuum manifold

chamber in fluid communication with the at least one suction cup;

and

an intermediate wall disposed between the first and second

housing portions, the intermediate wall having an aperture to provide

fluid communication between the vacuum manifold chamber and a

vacuum output of the vacuum generating means.

29. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 28 wherein the first housing portion further

includes an exhaust aperture, the exhaust aperture and the input aperture

disposed along generally parallel axes.

30. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 29 wherein the exhaust aperture is

substantially co-planar with the input aperture.

31. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 27 wherein the vacuum generating means

is a Venturi device having an inlet for receiving the compressed gas and an

exhaust, the inlet and exhaust being disposed along generally parallel axes.

32. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 27 wherein the apparatus includes at least

three suction cups.

33. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 28 wherein the apparatus includes at least

three suction cups and wherein the second housing portion includes at least

three suction cup apertures that facilitate providing fluid communication between the vacuum manifold chamber and the at least three suction cups.

34. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 33 wherein the vacuum manifold chamber

comprises: a first vacuum chamber extending between two of the at least

three suction cups; and a second vacuum chamber extending from and transverse to the first vacuum chamber and providing fluid communication between the first vacuum chamber and a third suction cup of the at

least three suction cups.

35. An apparatus for picking and transferring a carton blank, the apparatus

comprising: a hub assembly;

a hollow shaft connected for co-rotation with the hub assembly;

a plurality of picking assemblies connected to the hub assembly for rotation with the hub assembly along a closed transfer

path, each of the picking assemblies comprising vacuum generating

means for generating a vacuum from the compressed gas, the vacuum

being operable to allow the picking assembly to vacuum grip the workpiece when the picking assembly is supplied with the compressed gas;

a plurality of gas hoses extending through the hollow shaft and connected to supply the compressed gas to respective ones of the plurality of picking assemblies; and

a valve mechanism for controlling the flow of compressed gas

through the plurality of gas hoses to the plurality of picking assemblies, the valve mechanism controlling the flow of the

compressed gas in synchronism with rotation of hub assembly so that

each of the picking assemblies is sequentially supplied with

compressed gas along only a portion of the closed transfer path.

36. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 35 wherein the hub assembly comprises: a shell having a hollow interior portion and a plurality of

mounting portions for mounting the picking assemblies thereto; a hub disposed in the hollow interior portion of the shell at a central portion of the shell; and

a plurality of radial arms extending from the hub in the interior hollow portion of the shell.

37. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 36 wherein the shell includes a plurality of hose apertures for accepting the gas hoses therethrough.

38. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 37 wherein the hub includes a plurality of

hose apertures for accepting the gas hoses therethrough.

39. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 36 wherein the shell includes a weighted

perimeter portion disposed about the circumference thereof.

40. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 35 wherein each of the plurality of picking

assemblies comprises: a rigid sheath connected to the hub assembly; and

a vacuum manifold assembly connected to the rigid sheath and housing the vacuum generating means, the vacuum manifold

assembly including at least on suction cup in fluid communication

with the vacuum generated by the vacuum generating means.

41. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 40 and further comprising a picking arm

respectively associated with each of the picking assemblies, the picking arm

comprising:

a shaft connected to the hub assembly;

at least one transverse arm extending from the shaft at a

portion of the shaft extending above the hub assembly;

a follower arm assembly connected to the shaft at a portion of

the shaft extending below the hub assembly.

42. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 41 wherein the at least one transverse arm

is formed from a plastic material that is molded to the shaft.

43. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 40 and further comprising a guide member

disposed proximate the hub assembly, the guide member having a guiding

cam track disposed therein that engages the follower arm.

44. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 35 wherein the compressed gas is

compressed air.

45. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 40 wherein the vacuum manifold assembly

comprises:

a first housing portion including a chamber for holding the

vacuum generating means, the first housing portion having an input aperture to facilitate in providing the compressed gas to an input of the vacuum generating means;

and an intermediate wall disposed between the first and second

housing portions, the intermediate wall having an aperture to provide

46. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 44 wherein the first housing portion

includes an exhaust aperture substantially co-planar with the input aperture.

47. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 44 wherein the first housing portion

includes an exhaust aperture, the exhaust aperture and the input aperture

being disposed along generally parallel axes.

48. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 35 wherein the vacuum generating means

is a Venturi device having an inlet for receiving the compressed gas and an exhaust, the inlet and exhaust being disposed along generally parallel axes.

49. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 40 wherein the apparatus includes at least

three suction cups.

50. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 40 wherein the apparatus includes at least three suction cups and wherein the second housing portion includes at least three suction cup apertures that facilitate providing fluid communication between the vacuum manifold chamber and the at least three suction cups.

51. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 49 wherein the vacuum manifold chamber comprises:

a first vacuum subchamber extending between two of the at least three suction cups; and

a second vacuum subchamber extending from and transverse to the first vacuum chamber and providing fluid communication

between the first vacuum chamber and a third suction cup of the at least three suction cups.

52. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 35 wherein the valve mechanism

comprises:

a housing having a generally conical interior chamber and a distribution chamber, the distribution chamber proceeding about less

than the full circumference of the conical interior chamber and being

in fluid communication with a fluid supply channel, the fluid supply

with the plurality of picking assemblies along the closed transfer path, the distribution member disposed at least partially in the conical

interior chamber of the housing and having a generally conical nose portion conforming to the conical interior chamber, the distributor member and the housing being disposed for relative rotation with one 5 another, the distribution member having a plurality of fluid

communication channels formed therein, each of the fluid communication channels having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the

10 position coinciding with the distribution chamber, relative rotation of

the housing and the distribution member causing selective fluid

communication between selected ones of the plurality of fluid

communication channels and the distribution chamber.