US3550915A - Agitating apparatus - Google Patents

Agitating apparatus Download PDF

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US3550915A
US3550915A US720414A US3550915DA US3550915A US 3550915 A US3550915 A US 3550915A US 720414 A US720414 A US 720414A US 3550915D A US3550915D A US 3550915DA US 3550915 A US3550915 A US 3550915A
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disc
discs
percent
agitating
sections
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US720414A
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Jan Kaspar
Vladislav Bicik
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Vyzkumny Ustav Organickych Syntez AS
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Vyzk Ustav Organ Syntez
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/115—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers comprising discs or disc-like elements essentially perpendicular to the stirrer shaft axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge
    • B02C17/163—Stirring means

Definitions

  • An agitating apparatus comprises a vessel having a closed inner cylindrical chamber having a longitudinal axis which includes with the horizontal an angle of at most 45.
  • An elongated rotary shaft extends through the chamber coaxially therewith.
  • a plurality of agitating discs are mounted coaxially on the shaft longitudinally spaced therealong. Each disc has a diameter ranging between 50 and 95 percent of the chamber diameter. At least one radial face of each disc is provided with a plurality of arcuately curved profiled sections extending substantially tangentially of the shaft.
  • the discs rotate at a circumferential speed of at least 8 m./sec.
  • the dispersing corpuscles are usually less than 3 mm. in diameter, preferably on the order of 0.251 mm.-, and they fill the vessel to between 40 and 60 percent of its total capacity. In other words, the total available volume of space in the vessel, which receives the mixture of suspension and'dispersing corpuscles, is filled to between 40-and 60 percent with such corpuscles.
  • the dispersing corpuscles are propelled, together with the suspension, along a streamline path through the vessel.
  • the discs employed in the agitator arrangement have smooth radial faces.
  • the intensity of agitation of the dispersing corpuscles in the suspension which canbe attained with these prior-art constructions, depends substantially on the circumthe arcuately curved profile sections is shaped so as to resem I ble a portion of arc whose radius ranges between 50 and IOO percent of the radius of the respective disc.
  • the profiled sections curve inwardly from the outer circumferential edge of the respective disc and the center region, where each disc is connected to therotary shaft, remains free from the profiled sections.
  • the optimum radius of curvature of these profiled sections depends upon the viscosity and the density of the suspension. We have established that if the maximum agitation result is to be obtained, the incidence angle of the profiled sections must be between 40 and 50 percent greater than the incidence angle of the streamline which is formed when the suspension is agitated by smooth discs, that is by discs of the type found in the prior art. Under these conditions the corresponding radius of the profiled sections according to the present invention will equal between 50 and 100 percent of the disc radius.
  • each profile section is advantageously between 5 and 15 percent of the disc diameter.
  • the number of profiles of profile sections on each radial face will advantageously be between 2 and I0 such sections.
  • the profile sections can be provided on one radial face or on both I radial faces. In accordance with the-invention these profile sections may be provided in form of shallow grooves provided in one, the other, or both radial faces. In stead of grooves they
  • the novel features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the ferential speed of the discs.
  • a more specific object of theinvention is to provide an agitating apparatus of the type here under discussion which is capable of obtaining a significantly increased dispersion speed.
  • each of the agitating discs of our novel apparatus is pro- 1 vided with a plurality of arcuately curved profile sections which extend substantially tan gential ly of the rotary shaft.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an apparatus embodying our invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top-plan view of an agitator disc for use in the inv the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and in one embodiment of the DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • a cylindrical vessel is identified with reference numeral 1 and has a longitudinal axis which here is shown horizontal but which maybe inclined with respect to the horizontal at an angle not exceeding 45.
  • a shaft 3 is coaxial with the vessel 1 and is adapted to be rotated by any well known drive means 30 which is not further identified because it does not form part of the present invention.
  • a plurality of agitating discs 2 is mounted on the shaft3 coaxially therewith and spaced inlongitudinal direction of the shaft 3.
  • the suspension is continuously supplied through the inlet 4 and, after having passed through the interior of the vessel 1, it is discharged over a screen 5 or. any other type of filtering means.
  • the dispersing corpuscles which may also be introduced at'the inlet 4, are retained by the screen or filter and are then removed by thorough rinsing and finally intermixed with the contents of the vessel.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show one embodiment of the agitating discs 2.
  • the agitating discs of which only one is shown because they may all be identical, is identified with reference numeral 2 and its overall configuration is clearly evident from FIG. 2 and need therefore not be described.
  • the agitating disc 2 is provided with a plurality of throughgoing cutouts 6, that is cutouts which extend from one radial face 2 to the opposite radial face 2" of the disc 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows most clearly that the cutouts are arcuately curved and extend substantially tangentially of the shaft 3 which will extend through the center aperture 2" of the disc 2.
  • these cutouts 6, of which a plurality is provided, preferably between 2 and 10, have a width which is substantially between and percent of the diameter of the disc and a radius of curvature equal to between 50 and 100 percent of the radius of the disc 2.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 another such disc is shown, here identified with reference numeral 20. It differs from the disc shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in that more of the curved profile sections are provided than in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the sections are identified with reference numeral 7 in FIGS. 4 and 5 and it will be seen that, unlike the cutouts 6 in FIGS. 2 and 3, the curved profile sections 7 in FIGS. 4 and 5 are provided in form of shallow grooves on both radial faces of the disc 20.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show a further disc, identified with reference numeral 2b, on which the curved profile sections are identified with reference numeral 8 and are provided in form of curved projecting ridges as the section in FIG. 7 shows most clearly.
  • each disc need be provided with the grooves 7 or the projecting ridges 8, and that it is also conceivable to provide one radial face with the grooves and the other with the projections if so desired.
  • the discs which may be made of steel, wear-resistant rubber, ceramics or any other suitable material, will be rotated at a circumferential speed not substantially less than 8 m./sec. by the drive means 3a which must of course be capable of effecting such rotation of the shaft 3 and thereby the discs mounted thereon.
  • the cutouts 6, the grooves 7 and the ridges-8 may be provided in various suitable ways, for instance by milling an originally smooth disc, by stamping, by pressing or in any suitable manner.
  • Apparatus of the character described particularly for dispersing solid particles in suspension by admixing and agitat ing the suspension with dispersing corpuscles, comprising in combination, a vessel having a closed inner cylindrical chamber of predetermined diameter, said vessel having a longitudinal axis which includes with thehorizontal an angle of at most 45; an elongated rotary shaft extending through said chamber coaxially therewith; a plurality of agitating discs mounted coaxially on said shaft longitudinally spaced' therealong and each having a disc diameter ranging between substantially 50 percent and percent of said'predetermined diameter, each of said agitating discs having opposite radial faces at least one of which is provided with a plurality of arcuately curved profiled sections extending substantially tangentially of said rotary shaft; and drive means associated with said shaft and operative for rotating the same and for thereby rotating said discs at a circumferential speed notsubstantially less than 8 m./sec.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Description

United States Patent [54] AGITATING APPARATUS 9 Claims, 7 Drawing Figs.
[52] US. Cl 259/110 [51 Int. Cl B01f7/02 [50] Field ofSearch 259/8, 9,
43.108.109,l10.134,136,137 (Paint Stirrers Emulsifiers), 96
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,053,876 9/1936 Pfau et a1 259/9 2,206,266 7/1940 Schmidt 259/96 l l n 2.393.360 1/1946 Fisher 259/96 2,581,414 1/1952 Hochberg 259/43X 2,855,156 10/1958 Hochberg et al. 259/8 2,971,748 2/1961 Ellegast 259/134X 3.094,333 6/1963 Rausch 259/134X 3,100.628 8/1963 Norris, Jr 259/134X Primary ExaminerRobert W. Jenkins Attorney-Michael S. Striker ABSTRACT: An agitating apparatus comprises a vessel having a closed inner cylindrical chamber having a longitudinal axis which includes with the horizontal an angle of at most 45. An elongated rotary shaft extends through the chamber coaxially therewith. A plurality of agitating discs are mounted coaxially on the shaft longitudinally spaced therealong. Each disc has a diameter ranging between 50 and 95 percent of the chamber diameter. At least one radial face of each disc is provided with a plurality of arcuately curved profiled sections extending substantially tangentially of the shaft.
ll ll pmmninmzemm 3550,2315 sum 1 or 2 Map PATENTEH DEC 2 9 mm sum 2 OF 2 AGITATING APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known to disperse solid particles up to colloidal fineness in suspensions by intensely agitating such suspension together with dispersing corpuscles which have been admixed I therewith. This agitation is effected by means of a high-speed agitator arrangement consistingof one or more discs mounted for rotation on a rotatable, shaft, the diameter of the discs ranging between 50 and 95 percent of the inner diameter of the vessel in which the agitation is to be accomplished. The discs rotate at a circumferential speed of at least 8 m./sec. The dispersing corpuscles are usually less than 3 mm. in diameter, preferably on the order of 0.251 mm.-, and they fill the vessel to between 40 and 60 percent of its total capacity. In other words, the total available volume of space in the vessel, which receives the mixture of suspension and'dispersing corpuscles, is filled to between 40-and 60 percent with such corpuscles. On rotation of the agitator arrangement, the dispersing corpuscles are propelled, together with the suspension, along a streamline path through the vessel.
Apparatus of this type is disclosed in Czechoslovakian, British, Austrian, French, Italian and Swiss patents. In allof these patents the axis of the cylindrical vessel, and that of the coaxial shaftlie in a horizontal plane or in a plane which defines with the horizontal plane an angle not exceeding 45.
In these prior-art constructions, the discs employed in the agitator arrangement have smooth radial faces..lt has been found that the intensity of agitation of the dispersing corpuscles in the suspension, which canbe attained with these prior-art constructions, depends substantially on the circumthe arcuately curved profile sections is shaped so as to resem I ble a portion of arc whose radius ranges between 50 and IOO percent of the radius of the respective disc. The profiled sections curve inwardly from the outer circumferential edge of the respective disc and the center region, where each disc is connected to therotary shaft, remains free from the profiled sections.
The optimum radius of curvature of these profiled sections depends upon the viscosity and the density of the suspension. We have established that if the maximum agitation result is to be obtained, the incidence angle of the profiled sections must be between 40 and 50 percent greater than the incidence angle of the streamline which is formed when the suspension is agitated by smooth discs, that is by discs of the type found in the prior art. Under these conditions the corresponding radius of the profiled sections according to the present invention will equal between 50 and 100 percent of the disc radius. The
width of each profile section is advantageously between 5 and 15 percent of the disc diameter. The number of profiles of profile sections on each radial face will advantageously be between 2 and I0 such sections. It will be appreciated that the profile sections can be provided on one radial face or on both I radial faces. In accordance with the-invention these profile sections may be provided in form of shallow grooves provided in one, the other, or both radial faces. In stead of grooves they The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the ferential speed of the discs. However, the maximum circumferential speed which is useful in these apparatuses depends on the viscosity of the suspension and when the circumferential speed exceeds a certain maximum limit, the discs will skid with reference to the mixture in which they rotate. This, however, results in a reduction of the dispersion speed. For this reason the priorart apparatuses disclosed in the above-mentioned patents are capable of obtaining only a limited dispersion speed. s
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages which have been encountered in the prior art.
A more specific object of theinvention is to provide an agitating apparatus of the type here under discussion which is capable of obtaining a significantly increased dispersion speed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with one feature of our invention, we provide and 95 percent of the predetermined diameter of the cylindrical chamber, and each disc has opposite axial faces.
To this point the apparatus according to the present invention embodies features which are known in this field. However, unlike what is knownin this field, at least one radial face of each of the agitating discs of our novel apparatus is pro- 1 vided with a plurality of arcuately curved profile sections which extend substantially tan gential ly of the rotary shaft.
We have foundthat the dispersion speed and the overall effect of the dispersion apparatus can be considerably increased by the provision of these pi'ofile sections. Specifically, each of following description ofspecific .embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an apparatus embodying our invention; I
FIG. 2 is a top-plan view of an agitator disc for use in the inv the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and in one embodiment of the DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Discussing now the drawing in more detail, and firstly FIG. 1 thereof, it will be seen that we have shown therein in diagrammatic form the basic apparatus according to the present invention for the purpose of dispersing suspensions of solid particles to which dispersing corpuscles have been admixed. A cylindrical vessel is identified with reference numeral 1 and has a longitudinal axis which here is shown horizontal but which maybe inclined with respect to the horizontal at an angle not exceeding 45. A shaft 3 is coaxial with the vessel 1 and is adapted to be rotated by any well known drive means 30 which is not further identified because it does not form part of the present invention. I
A plurality of agitating discs 2 is mounted on the shaft3 coaxially therewith and spaced inlongitudinal direction of the shaft 3. The suspension is continuously supplied through the inlet 4 and, after having passed through the interior of the vessel 1, it is discharged over a screen 5 or. any other type of filtering means. The dispersing corpuscles, which may also be introduced at'the inlet 4, are retained by the screen or filter and are then removed by thorough rinsing and finally intermixed with the contents of the vessel. I v I I In accordance with our invention FIGS. 2 and 3 show one embodiment of the agitating discs 2. In this embodiment the agitating discs, of which only one is shown because they may all be identical, is identified with reference numeral 2 and its overall configuration is clearly evident from FIG. 2 and need therefore not be described. The agitating disc 2 is provided with a plurality of throughgoing cutouts 6, that is cutouts which extend from one radial face 2 to the opposite radial face 2" of the disc 2. FIG. 2 shows most clearly that the cutouts are arcuately curved and extend substantially tangentially of the shaft 3 which will extend through the center aperture 2" of the disc 2.
In accordance with the invention these cutouts 6, of which a plurality is provided, preferably between 2 and 10, have a width which is substantially between and percent of the diameter of the disc and a radius of curvature equal to between 50 and 100 percent of the radius of the disc 2.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5 another such disc is shown, here identified with reference numeral 20. It differs from the disc shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in that more of the curved profile sections are provided than in FIGS. 2 and 3. The sections are identified with reference numeral 7 in FIGS. 4 and 5 and it will be seen that, unlike the cutouts 6 in FIGS. 2 and 3, the curved profile sections 7 in FIGS. 4 and 5 are provided in form of shallow grooves on both radial faces of the disc 20.
Finally, FIGS. 6 and 7 show a further disc, identified with reference numeral 2b, on which the curved profile sections are identified with reference numeral 8 and are provided in form of curved projecting ridges as the section in FIG. 7 shows most clearly. a
It will be appreciated, of course, that only one radial face of each disc need be provided with the grooves 7 or the projecting ridges 8, and that it is also conceivable to provide one radial face with the grooves and the other with the projections if so desired.
- It is clear from FIGS. 2, 4 and 6 that the respective curved profile sections extend inwardly from the outer peripheral edge of the respective discs, but terminate short of the center of the respective discs so that the central portion surrounding the shaft 3 (compare FIG. I) will be smooth.
The discs, which may be made of steel, wear-resistant rubber, ceramics or any other suitable material, will be rotated at a circumferential speed not substantially less than 8 m./sec. by the drive means 3a which must of course be capable of effecting such rotation of the shaft 3 and thereby the discs mounted thereon.
By resorting to the apparatus according to our present invention, we obtain a significantly increased dispersion speed and efficiency in the overall effect of the dispersing apparatus. It will be clear. of course, that the cutouts 6, the grooves 7 and the ridges-8 may be provided in various suitable ways, for instance by milling an originally smooth disc, by stamping, by pressing or in any suitable manner.
It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together, may also find a useful application in other types of constructions differing from the types described above.
While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in an agitating apparatus. it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can by applying current knowledge readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore, such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalence of the following claims.
What is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claim.
We claim:
I. Apparatus of the character described, particularly for dispersing solid particles in suspension by admixing and agitat ing the suspension with dispersing corpuscles, comprising in combination, a vessel having a closed inner cylindrical chamber of predetermined diameter, said vessel having a longitudinal axis which includes with thehorizontal an angle of at most 45; an elongated rotary shaft extending through said chamber coaxially therewith; a plurality of agitating discs mounted coaxially on said shaft longitudinally spaced' therealong and each having a disc diameter ranging between substantially 50 percent and percent of said'predetermined diameter, each of said agitating discs having opposite radial faces at least one of which is provided with a plurality of arcuately curved profiled sections extending substantially tangentially of said rotary shaft; and drive means associated with said shaft and operative for rotating the same and for thereby rotating said discs at a circumferential speed notsubstantially less than 8 m./sec.
2. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said profiled sections each have a width ranging between substantially 5 7 percent and substantially I5 percent of said disc diameter.
3. Apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein said-profiled sections each have a radius of curvature ranging between substantially 50 percent and substantially percent of the radius of the respective disc.
4. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein said one radial face is provided with a plurality of shallow grooves constituting said profiled sections.
5. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein said one radial face is provided with a plurality of projecting ridges constituting said profiled sections.
6. Apparatus as defined in claim 3', and further comprising an additional plurality of similar profiled sections provided at the other of said radial faces.
7. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein said discs are provided with a plurality of arcuately curved cutouts extending from one to the other of said radial sides and constituting profiled sections at both of said radial faces.
8. Apparatus as defined in claim I, wherein said plurality comprises at least two of said profiled sections.
9. Apparatus as defined in claim I, wherein said plurality comprises between two and ten of said profiled sections.
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3730491A (en) * 1970-06-09 1973-05-01 Bachofen W Suspension dispersing apparatus
DE3437866A1 (en) * 1984-10-16 1986-04-17 Basf Farben + Fasern Ag, 2000 Hamburg DISPERSION METHOD AND STIRRING MILL FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
EP0468427A1 (en) * 1990-07-23 1992-01-29 Kubota Corporation Pulverizer
EP2905080A1 (en) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-12 Willy A. Bachofen AG Agitator ball mill
CN107921436A (en) * 2015-07-28 2018-04-17 奥图泰(芬兰)公司 The improvement of grinder
US20180104699A1 (en) * 2016-10-18 2018-04-19 Willy A. Bachofen Ag Agitator ball mill

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3730491A (en) * 1970-06-09 1973-05-01 Bachofen W Suspension dispersing apparatus
DE3437866A1 (en) * 1984-10-16 1986-04-17 Basf Farben + Fasern Ag, 2000 Hamburg DISPERSION METHOD AND STIRRING MILL FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
WO1986002286A1 (en) * 1984-10-16 1986-04-24 Basf Lacke + Farben Aktiengesellschaft Dispersion process, and stirring machine for its implementation
US5011089A (en) * 1984-10-16 1991-04-30 Basf Lacke+Farben Ag Dispersing process and stirred ball mill for carrying out this process
EP0468427A1 (en) * 1990-07-23 1992-01-29 Kubota Corporation Pulverizer
WO2015118090A1 (en) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-13 Willy A. Bachofen Ag Agitator ball mill
EP2905080A1 (en) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-12 Willy A. Bachofen AG Agitator ball mill
CN106061613A (en) * 2014-02-07 2016-10-26 威利A·巴霍芬公司 Agitator ball mill
US10464069B2 (en) 2014-02-07 2019-11-05 Willy A. Bachofen Ag Agitator ball mill
CN107921436A (en) * 2015-07-28 2018-04-17 奥图泰(芬兰)公司 The improvement of grinder
US11465154B2 (en) 2015-07-28 2022-10-11 Outotec (Finland) Oy Grinding mills
US11813616B2 (en) 2015-07-28 2023-11-14 Outotec (Finland) Oy Grinding mills
CN107921436B (en) * 2015-07-28 2024-05-28 美卓奥图泰芬兰有限公司 Improvements in grinding mills
US20180104699A1 (en) * 2016-10-18 2018-04-19 Willy A. Bachofen Ag Agitator ball mill
US10792665B2 (en) * 2016-10-18 2020-10-06 Willy A. Bachofen Ag Agitator ball mill

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