US2400901A - Heating stove - Google Patents

Description

y 28, 1946' F. T. AGRICOLA ETAL 2,400,901

HEATING STOVE FiledDec. 19, 1941 INVENTORS FREase/c/(TAaR/cam AND ARRY H. FLEER- Patented May 28, 1946- HEATING s'rova Frederick T. Agricola, Gadsden, All. and Harry B.

Fleer, Q

uincy, 11L; said Agricola asslgnor to Agricola Furnace Company, a corporation of Alabama Application December 19, 1941, Serial No. 423,594

2 Claims.

This invention relates to heating stoves, more particularly to heaters designed for the burning of bituminous coal, and has for an object the provision of apparatus of the character designated which shall include a magazine holding a relatively large quantity of coal which feeds by gravity automatically into the fire pot of the heater at a controllable rate providing an even combustion of coal and uniform heating over a relatively long period of time.

Another object of our invention is to provide a heater of the magazine type adapted for the burning of soft coal, in which means are provided for burning the gases roasted out of the coal in the magazine before it reaches the active combustion zone in the heater.

A still further object of our invention is the provision of a magazine type heater adapted for the burning of bituminous coal in which the magazine is eifectively sealed against the admission of air which would cause combustion of the fuel in the magazine, but which is provided with means for conveying gases roasted out of the coal in the magazine to the combustion zone of the heater.

Another object of our invention is the provision includes an outer casing or shell in which embodies at its lower end an ash pit H. The heater is supported on suitable legs l2, only one of which is shown. A grate ll of any suitable design is positioned above the ash pit ll. Access to the ash pit is had through a relatively large door It in which is positioned a smaller draft door it. The combustion chamber or fire pot of the roaster is shown at I1 and is lined around the front and sides with fire brick ll. To the rear it is lined with relatively longer fire brick Ill. The hot gases of combustion from the fire pot I! follow the direction of the longer arrows shown in the drawingzand escape out the top through a smoke outlet Positioned within the shell l0 above the fire pot l1 and spaced from the outer shell to allow for the free passage of the hot gases to the smoke outlet 2|, is a magazine 22. As shown, the magazine 22 forms, with 'the outer shell 10, an annular chamber 25 for the passage of the combustion gases, and thus provides for the efficient radiation of heat from the heater. Positioned in the annular chamber 25 are a plurality of ver- 25 tical vanes which are secured to the outer of a heater of the magazine type which shall inelude means for preheating the air for combustion, in combination witlr'a distributing means to supply the preheated air evenly around the zone of combustion in the heater.

Still another object of our invention is the provision of a heater of the magazine type in which the hot gases of combustion pass freely to the smoke outlet in contact with the outer shell of the heater around the magazine whereby to provide maximum efficiency in heating the room in which the apparatus is located, and in which the magazine is insulated against excessive heating whereby to prevent excessive coking and hangin .of the coal in the magazine.

shell l0, as shown, and extend inwardly as shown nearly to the magazine 22, stopping short of the.

magazine only a suflicient amount to preclude warping due to unequal expansion and contraction of the parts. The vane 20 extend from the lower end of the magazine, nearly to the top to prevent short circulting of the gases of combustion on their way to the smoke outlet 2|, and to insure uniform heating of the outer shell of the stove. The magazine 22 is preferably made of heavy gauge sheet metal and is lined with fire These and other features of our invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawing form- I ing a part of-this application, in which a Fig. l is a sectional elevation of the, heater taken along the line l-l of Fig. 3;

Fig. 2 is a partial sectional elevationtaken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, and showing the means for conveying the gases roasted out of the coal to the combustion zone of the heater;

Fig. 3 is a partial sectional plan view of the heater; and

Fig 4 is a sectional view drawn to a smaller scale and taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing for a better understanding of our invention, our improved heater brick or other suitable refractory 23 to insulate the magazine from the hot gases around it. The lining 23 is preferably thicker at the top than at the bottom, and is stepped, a shown, to provide abrupt changes in diameter in the gradually widening magazine to prevent coking and hanging of the fuel in the magazine.

The magazine 22 is supported at the bottom by a suitable number of brackets 24 secured to the outer shell It. At the top, a sh lf 26 extending around the upper end of the magazine above the upper ends of the vanes 30 connects theupper end to the outer shell l0 and seals the upper end of the annular chamber 25 against the admission of air or the gases of combustion. The shelf 26 is provided with an opening 35 to allow the gases of combustion to pass outwardly through the smoke outlet 2|, and a door 21 having a damper 22 therein spans the space across in front of the smoke outlet, and controls connection between I the upper end of the magazine 22 and the smoke outlet 2|.

' The upper end of the heater is provided with a cover 29 hingedly mounted at 3| to permit it to be swung open to the position shown in dotted lines, for feeding coal into the magazine 22. On the underside of the cover 29 is secured a bracket 32 having connected thereto a link 33 which in turn is connected at its lower end to the damper 28 so that when the cover 29 is down, the damper 28 is closed. When the cover is raised to the dotted line position, the damper 28 is opened so burn completely the combustible gases inthe coal and avoid the making of smoke, which is so objectionable in burning soft coal. The rate of combustion, of course, is controlled by the amount that any smoke or dust in the magazine 22 may pass directly to the smoke outlet 2|. This is important especially when feeding fuel into the heater.

On each side of the smoke outlet 2| we providea conduit 34 which extends downwardly into the ash pit At the upper end of each of the conduits 34 we provide a casting 33 secured to the gases roasted out of the fuel in the magazine maypass into the ash pit II and thence upwardly through the fuel bed and be burned.

At the front of the heater we provide a conduit 38 which opens outwardly at 39 in the upper part of the heater and to which a controlled amount of air for combustion may be admitted through a bell damper 4|. The lowerend of the conduit 38 terminates in a distributing manifold 42 having a multiplicity of suitable openings 43 therein extending around the fire pot. By reference to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be seen that the manifold 42 stops short of the relatively long fire brick i3, and that the conduits 34 pass downwardly into the ash pit behind the fire brick Hi. This detail of construction provides ample room for housing the conduits 34 without interfering with the proper combustion of the fuel in the fire pot Air for combueJon is admitted through the damper 4| and, as the conduit 38 is surrounded on three sides by the hot gases of combustion, the air for combustion is preheated before it is distributed out through the openings 43 in the manifold 42. In the operation of our improved heater, the major portion of the air for combustion is admitted through the damper 4|, the damper door I6 being employed for the admission of air only when starting a fire.

From the foregoing description, the operation of our improved heater should be readily understood. In starting a fire, kindling and fuel are placed on the grate l3, the damper door It is opened to admit air for starting the fire, and the kindling. is ignited. The magazine 22 may then be filled with coal and the cover 29 closed, as shown in Fig. 1. The damper 4| is then opened and the damper l6 closed. Air for combustion passes downwardly to the distributor 42, bein preheated in the conduit 38, and the hot gases of combustion pass from the lower end of the magazine 22 into the annular chamber 25, thence upwardly between the vanes 30 to the upper end of the magazine 22 and out through the smoke outlet 2|. The heat in the combustion chamber I! naturally causes the volatile gases in the coal in the magazine 22 to be roasted out, and these ses pass downwardly through the conduits 34 to the ash pit II, and thence upwardly through th grate l3 to commlngle with the air and be burned in the combustion chamber. We thus of air admitted through the damper 4|. It is intended that the heater be so designed that the magazine will hold sufiicient coal that it will require refilling only once in twenty-four hours in cold weather.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that we have devised an improved magazine typ eate which is simple of design and construction, and which is adapted for the efiicient burning of the combustible components of bituminous coal.

While we have shown our invention in but one form, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible of various changes and modifications, without departing from the spirit thereof, and we desire, therefore, that only suchlimitations shall be placed thereupon as are specifically set forth in the apof the shell and forming therewith an annular chamber for the circulation of the gases of combustion, means closing communication between the upper end of the magazine and the annular chamber, a fire pot beneath the magazine disposed in spaced relation to the magazine to discharge the gases of combustion into the annular chamber, an air conduit opening through the upper end of the shell and extending downwardly through the annular chamber to termihate in the upper end of the fire pot, said conduit comprising the sole normal supply means for primary air, a ring manifold connected to the lower end of the air conduit and extending aroundthe fire pot in spaced relation below the magazine, said manifold having a plurality of spaced openings opening into the upper end of the fire pot, a smoke outlet communicating with the upper end of the annular chamber, and conduits separate from the air conduit and connected with the upper end of the magazine for conveying gases roasted out of the coal to a point below the fire pot to pass upwardly through the fire and be burned.

2. In a heater of the character described, an outer shell, a fuel magazine in the upper part of the shell and spaced therefrom to form an annular chamber, a downwardlyflaring refractory lining for the magazine, a fire pot beneath the magazine in ,spaced relation thereto to discharge the gases of combustion into the annular chamber, said shell having an outlet for the combustion gases in the upper end of the annular chamber, means to close oil? communication between the upper end of the magazine and the annular chamber, an ash pit beneath the fire pot, conduits extending through the annular chamber and connecting the upper end of the magazine and the ash pit, an air preheating conduit opening through the upper end of the outer casing and extending downwardly through the annular chamber to the fire pot, said conduit comprising the sole normal means for primary air and a distributing manifold connected to the lower end of the preheating conduit and extending about the upper end of the fire pot in spaced relation to the magazine and having a multiplicity of orifices opening into the fire pot.

FREDERICK '1. AGRICOLA. HARRY H. FLEER.

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