US2255696A - Means for safeguarding bank notes, bonds, and like documents of value from fraudulent imitation - Google Patents

Means for safeguarding bank notes, bonds, and like documents of value from fraudulent imitation Download PDF

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Publication number
US2255696A
US2255696A US200268A US20026838A US2255696A US 2255696 A US2255696 A US 2255696A US 200268 A US200268 A US 200268A US 20026838 A US20026838 A US 20026838A US 2255696 A US2255696 A US 2255696A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
documents
paper
bonds
value
bank notes
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Expired - Lifetime
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US200268A
Inventor
Clifford Sydney George
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Waterlow & Sons Ltd
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Waterlow & Sons Ltd
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Priority to US200268A priority Critical patent/US2255696A/en
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Publication of US2255696A publication Critical patent/US2255696A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/44Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29Securities; Bank notes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/916Natural fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/919Paper

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of safeguarding bank notes, bonds and like documents of value from fraudulent imitation and to bank notes, bonds and like documents so safeguarded and is a continuation-in-part of the invention of plied is indistinguishable from yarn to which it has notv been applied but which in ultra-violet my co-pending application Serial No. 746,923 filed v on the 4th October 1934.
  • the dye proposed for this purpose is the sodium salt of the sulphonic acid of methylated primuline base.
  • a yellow dye may be employed which leaves the yarn yellow in ordinary light but makes it so that it does not fluoresce at all in the ultra-violet rays, but merely appears a'deep purplish brown in colour.
  • the dye proposed for this purpose is the sodium salt of 2:2 disulphostilbene 4:4 diazo-bis-phenetole.
  • a dye may be used which has the characteristic that the yarn to which it has been ap- 65 v dium carbonate and are not entirely fast to light.
  • the dye used for this purpose is the sodium salt of diphenyl-urea p.p'-diazo-bis-salicyclic acid.
  • the yarn is treated so that it is readily distinguishable from others by ordinary light and which confirms or verifies itself as being genuine by responding under ultra-violet rays by fluorescing distinguishably from the other yarn.
  • dyes which may be used for this purpose are a mixture of the sodium salts of the mono-sulphonic acids of more highly thionated dehydrothio-p-toluidine derivatives together with some dehydrothio-p-toluidine monosulphonic acid, the hydrochloride of tetramethyldiaminodiphenylketone lmine, and the hydrochloride of diethyl-m-aminophenol-phthalein.
  • the method of the present invention -of safeguarding bank notes, bonds and like documents of value from fraudulent imitation consists in incorporating in, or applying to, the paper a fluorescent substance which is in itself water-insoluble, such substance being protected against removal by flotation or chemical action is necessary for the forger not only to know of and to have means for incorporating the fluorescent substance, but also renders it necessary for him to have at his disposal a plant for the manufacture of artificial silk.
  • crescent substance incorporated therein may be cut into suitable shapes and incorporated in the paper from which the banknotes, bonds and like documents of value are made.
  • the fluorescent material is in this case .also incorporated in the solution before the films are prepared.
  • the paper which is to be used for the banknote or bond, has a design or pattern printed upon it with a colourless or coloured. ink having a cellulose ester base, containing a small proportion of a fluorescent water insoluble material.
  • the zinc complex of Bhydroxyquinoline, or the zinc complex of its acid po is found to possess no fluorescent properties (or is found to bear a fluorescent pattern disagreeing with that 01' the genuine issue) same may be readily detected.
  • a method of safeguarding banknotes. bonds and like paper documents of value against fraudulent imitation which consists in incorporating in the paper a finely divided solid substance which is practicaly colorless inordinary light, fluorescent in ultra-violet light,insoluble g moval from the paper by a transparent flexible tassium sulphate derivative, that is to say,
  • the finely divided powder'thus obtained was then added to a solution of cellulose acetate in acetone containing a suitable plasticiser and the light.
  • filtered ultra-violet light is meant light rich in ultra-violet radiation which is passed through a filter designed to intercept most of the visible portion of the spectrum, but which allows the passage of the ultra-violet rays.
  • the banknote prepared in accordance with this invention presents an ordinary, appearance:-
  • Paper adapted for use for banknotes, bonds and like documents of value to prevent fraudulent imitation said paper having incorporated therein a finely divided solid substance which is practically colorless in ordinary light, fluorescent in ultra-violet light, insoluble in water and fast to light and to laundering, dry cleaning and ink eradicating agents, said substance being protected against mechanical removal from the paper by a transparent solid film which is insoluble in laundering and dry cleaning agents and sufliciently strong to resist the customary handling of paper.
  • Paper as defined in claim 9 in which the fluorescent substance is deposited on the paper and covered by the transparent film.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Description

Patented Sept. 9, 1941 UNITED STATE MEANS FOR SAFEGUARDING BANK NOTES, BONDS, AND LIKE DOCUMENTS OF VALUE FROM FRAUDULENT IMITATION Sydney George Clifford, London, England, as-
signor to Water-low & Sons Limited, London, England, a company of Great Britain No Drawing. Application April 5, 1938, Serial N0. 200,268
16 Claims. (01. 91-67.95)
This invention relates to a method of safeguarding bank notes, bonds and like documents of value from fraudulent imitation and to bank notes, bonds and like documents so safeguarded and is a continuation-in-part of the invention of plied is indistinguishable from yarn to which it has notv been applied but which in ultra-violet my co-pending application Serial No. 746,923 filed v on the 4th October 1934.
In British patent specification No. 292,393 there is described a method of safeguarding cheques and like documents against unauthorised alteration and detecting whether ink-eradicating agents have been employed thereon, consisting in treating the paper with a substance, either by printing thereon with an ink containing said substance, or by directly immersing the paper in said substance, the latter being adapted to render the I paper fluorescent when viewed by filtered ultraviolet light, such fluorescence being destroyed by the local or general application or use of inkeradicating agents. The fluorescent substance described in the said specification is water-soluble and thus the surface fluorescence produced is susceptible to destruction by water alone.
aspect under light rays which are outside of the range of rays normally visible to the human eye, thereby constituting a mark on said article which becomes distinctive when said outside rays are applied.
The whole of the specific description of the United States specification No. 1,822,098 relates, however, to the identification of rope and according to a preferred embodiment there is employed a dye which produces in the yarn of the rope a colour which as ordinarily seen is approximately the same as that of the rope but which possesses a distinctive ultra-violet fluorescence.
The dye proposed for this purpose is the sodium salt of the sulphonic acid of methylated primuline base.
It is also stated that a yellow dye may be employed which leaves the yarn yellow in ordinary light but makes it so that it does not fluoresce at all in the ultra-violet rays, but merely appears a'deep purplish brown in colour.
The dye proposed for this purpose is the sodium salt of 2:2 disulphostilbene 4:4 diazo-bis-phenetole.
According to another embodiment of the prior invention a dye may be used which has the characteristic that the yarn to which it has been ap- 65 v dium carbonate and are not entirely fast to light.
rays fails to fluoresce, being barely seen as a purplish brown while the ordinary yarn fluoresces to a blue. The dye used for this purpose is the sodium salt of diphenyl-urea p.p'-diazo-bis-salicyclic acid.
According to yet a further embodiment of the prior invention, the yarn is treated so that it is readily distinguishable from others by ordinary light and which confirms or verifies itself as being genuine by responding under ultra-violet rays by fluorescing distinguishably from the other yarn.
Examples of dyes which may be used for this purpose are a mixture of the sodium salts of the mono-sulphonic acids of more highly thionated dehydrothio-p-toluidine derivatives together with some dehydrothio-p-toluidine monosulphonic acid, the hydrochloride of tetramethyldiaminodiphenylketone lmine, and the hydrochloride of diethyl-m-aminophenol-phthalein.
I have found by experiment that all the dyes specifically referred to in the prior United States specification are not resistant to laundering agents, for example, a boiling aqueous solution containing 0.1% of curd soap and 0.05% of so- It is an object of the present invention to safeguard bank notes, bonds and like documents of value from fraudulent imitation by incorporating therein a fluorescent substance which is substantially fast to light, laundering and dry cleaning agents and ink-eradicating agents. It will be appreciated that even a partial loss of fluorescence is of importance because this increases the easeof fraudulent imitation because genuine bank notes, bonds and like documents of value will vary so much that considerable latitude will be available for the forger.
It is a further object of this invention to enable the authenticity or otherwise of bank notes, bonds and like documents of value to be identified or established whereby a genuine document may readily be distinguished from a spurious imitation, irrespective of whether or not the documents may have been accidentally exposed to laundering or dry cleaning agents.-
Accordingly the method of the present invention -of safeguarding bank notes, bonds and like documents of value from fraudulent imitation consists in incorporating in, or applying to, the paper a fluorescent substance which is in itself water-insoluble, such substance being protected against removal by flotation or chemical action is necessary for the forger not only to know of and to have means for incorporating the fluorescent substance, but also renders it necessary for him to have at his disposal a plant for the manufacture of artificial silk.
Instead of incorporating artificial silk threads into the banknotes, bonds and .like documents of value, films, of artificial silk containing the flu-.
crescent substance incorporated therein may be cut into suitable shapes and incorporated in the paper from which the banknotes, bonds and like documents of value are made. The fluorescent material is in this case .also incorporated in the solution before the films are prepared.
According to another embodiment of the invention the paper, which is to be used for the banknote or bond, has a design or pattern printed upon it with a colourless or coloured. ink having a cellulose ester base, containing a small proportion of a fluorescent water insoluble material.
For example the zinc complex of Bhydroxyquinoline, or the zinc complex of its acid po is found to possess no fluorescent properties (or is found to bear a fluorescent pattern disagreeing with that 01' the genuine issue) same may be readily detected.
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. A method of safeguarding banknotes. bonds and like paper documents of value against fraudulent imitation which consists in incorporating in the paper a finely divided solid substance which is practicaly colorless inordinary light, fluorescent in ultra-violet light,insoluble g moval from the paper by a transparent flexible tassium sulphate derivative, that is to say,
8.hydroxy-quinoline potassium sulphate is suitable.
- I prefer to use the zinc complex of 8.hydroxyquinoline and the method of the invention may for example be carried out as follows:
8.hydroxy-quinoline was dissolved in excess of hydrochloric acid and to the solution there was added the theoretical quantity of zinc chloride necessary to form the zinc complex. Ammonia was then rapidly added until the pH value was 10, and the precipitate was filtered, washed and dried.
The finely divided powder'thus obtained was then added to a solution of cellulose acetate in acetone containing a suitable plasticiser and the light.
By filtered ultra-violet light is meant light rich in ultra-violet radiation which is passed through a filter designed to intercept most of the visible portion of the spectrum, but which allows the passage of the ultra-violet rays.
Unless viewed by filtered ultra-violet light, the banknote prepared in accordance with this invention presents an ordinary, appearance:-
Thus if a note, the authenticity of which. is in question, is examined by ultra-violet light and solid film which is insoluble in laundering and dry cleaning agents and sufiiciently strong to resist the customary handling of paper.
2. A method as defined in claim 1 in which the fluorescent substance is the zinc complex of 8- hydroxy-quinoline.
3. A method as defined in claim 1 in which the transparent film is a cellulose ester.
4. A method as defined in claim 1 in which the transparent film is cellulose acetate.
5. A method as defined in claim 1 in which the transparent film is cellulose regenerated from viscose.
6. A method as defined in claim 1 in which the fluorescent substance is incorporated in filaments of the transparent material and the latter are incorporated in the paper.
7. A method as defined in claim 1 in which the fluorescent substance is deposited on the paper and then coated over with the transparent film.
8. A method as defined in claim 1 in which the paper is coated with a suspension of the fluorescent substance in a transparent filmforming liquid.
9. Paper adapted for use for banknotes, bonds and like documents of value to prevent fraudulent imitation, said paper having incorporated therein a finely divided solid substance which is practically colorless in ordinary light, fluorescent in ultra-violet light, insoluble in water and fast to light and to laundering, dry cleaning and ink eradicating agents, said substance being protected against mechanical removal from the paper by a transparent solid film which is insoluble in laundering and dry cleaning agents and sufliciently strong to resist the customary handling of paper.
10. Paper as defined in claim 9 in which the fluorescent substance is incorporated in filaments of the transparent film material which latter are incorporated in the paper.
11. Paper as defined in claim 9 in which the fluorescent substance is deposited on the paper and covered by the transparent film.
12. Paper as defined in claim 9 in which the fluorescent substance is incorporated in a trans- VISEUSB".
15. Paper as defined in claim 9 in which the I transparent film is cellulose acetate.
16. Paper as defined in claim 9 in which the transparent film is cellulose regenerated from I SYDNEY GEORGE CLIFFORD.
US200268A 1938-04-05 1938-04-05 Means for safeguarding bank notes, bonds, and like documents of value from fraudulent imitation Expired - Lifetime US2255696A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2538784A (en) * 1946-04-12 1951-01-23 Morris S Kantrowitz Process for identifying normally invisible markings and composition therefor
US2629956A (en) * 1942-03-10 1953-03-03 Joseph L Switzer Fluorescent printing
US2864771A (en) * 1957-11-27 1958-12-16 John D Steele Method of making fluorescent paramagnetic pigments and product produced thereby
US3272533A (en) * 1964-10-05 1966-09-13 Milton Frank Allen Publication Detection treatment of paper money and other negotiable paper
US3464841A (en) * 1965-10-23 1969-09-02 Customark Corp Method of preparing security paper containing an ultraviolet inhibitor
US4146792A (en) * 1973-04-30 1979-03-27 G.A.O. Gesellschaft Fur Automation Und Organisation Mbh Paper secured against forgery and device for checking the authenticity of such papers
US4175776A (en) * 1978-01-05 1979-11-27 New England Mutual Life Insurance Company Counterfeit resistant document
EP0066854A1 (en) * 1981-06-05 1982-12-15 GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH Security paper and method for its manufacture
US5118349A (en) * 1986-08-19 1992-06-02 Petrel Security markings, material provided with security marks, and apparatus to detect the security mark
US6552290B1 (en) 1999-02-08 2003-04-22 Spectra Systems Corporation Optically-based methods and apparatus for performing sorting coding and authentication using a gain medium that provides a narrowband emission
DE10206626A1 (en) * 2002-02-15 2003-08-28 Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh Providing chip card with security marking of optically active fibres applied to inside of transparent covering foil on card

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2629956A (en) * 1942-03-10 1953-03-03 Joseph L Switzer Fluorescent printing
US2538784A (en) * 1946-04-12 1951-01-23 Morris S Kantrowitz Process for identifying normally invisible markings and composition therefor
US2864771A (en) * 1957-11-27 1958-12-16 John D Steele Method of making fluorescent paramagnetic pigments and product produced thereby
US3272533A (en) * 1964-10-05 1966-09-13 Milton Frank Allen Publication Detection treatment of paper money and other negotiable paper
US3464841A (en) * 1965-10-23 1969-09-02 Customark Corp Method of preparing security paper containing an ultraviolet inhibitor
US4146792A (en) * 1973-04-30 1979-03-27 G.A.O. Gesellschaft Fur Automation Und Organisation Mbh Paper secured against forgery and device for checking the authenticity of such papers
US4175776A (en) * 1978-01-05 1979-11-27 New England Mutual Life Insurance Company Counterfeit resistant document
EP0066854A1 (en) * 1981-06-05 1982-12-15 GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH Security paper and method for its manufacture
DE3122470A1 (en) * 1981-06-05 1983-01-05 GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH, 8000 München "SECURITY PAPER AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME"
US5118349A (en) * 1986-08-19 1992-06-02 Petrel Security markings, material provided with security marks, and apparatus to detect the security mark
US6552290B1 (en) 1999-02-08 2003-04-22 Spectra Systems Corporation Optically-based methods and apparatus for performing sorting coding and authentication using a gain medium that provides a narrowband emission
US20030108074A1 (en) * 1999-02-08 2003-06-12 Spectra Science Corporation Optically-based methods and apparatus for performing sorting, coding and authentication using a gain medium that provides a narrowband emission
US6832783B2 (en) 1999-02-08 2004-12-21 Spectra Science Corporation Optically-based methods and apparatus for performing sorting, coding and authentication using a gain medium that provides a narrowband emission
DE10206626A1 (en) * 2002-02-15 2003-08-28 Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh Providing chip card with security marking of optically active fibres applied to inside of transparent covering foil on card

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