US1928752A - Elevator control system - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 3, 1933. Q CALLAWAY 1,928,752

ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Dec. 1, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY Oct. 3, 1933- c R CALLAWAY 1,928,752

ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig Filed Dec. 1, 1926 ATTORNEYS y Oct. 3, 1933- c R. c w 1,928,752

ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Dec. 1, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Egg 3 mm/iw %W%M ATTORN 5 Patented Oct 3, 1933 1 1,928,752

V "UNITED I STATES PATENT OFF-ICE ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM Clarence R. Callaway, Honesdale, Pa., assignor to Gurney Elevator Company, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation-o! Pennsylvania i Application December 1, 1926. Serial No. 151,875

32 Claims (C1 18'7-29) My invention relates to elevators and more parpredetermined stopping points to assume co-actticularly to a single automatic push-button sysing position with the stopping switches at landtem of control for multi-"speed elevators. ings where stops are to be made.

In the control of the stop operation of push- In usual elevator practice the up and down button controlled multi-speed elevators, it has stop cams or switches, whichever mayrbe used as been desirable to provide stop controlling elethe hoistway controlling elements at each landments' positioned in the:elevator hoistway ading, are adjusted once and for all for average jacent each landing and on the car for direct coload condition only, to time the cut-off or disconaction so-that car stops are unaffected by sliptinuation of the hoisting opeartion so that the ping of the hoisting cables or by shortening or coast of the car through the brake will bring it to lengthening thereof, or by varying load condia state of rest substantially level withthe landtions,:as-a more accurate landing is obtained than ing. However, such permanent adjustment for can be effected by the use of stop control devices load conditions other than the average will, more actuated by mechanism remotefrom the car and particularly in the event of an A. C; hoisting 5 employing relatively high reduction gearing. But motor being used, cause the car to stop above or such direct acting arrangements have not been below the landing level as caused by the momene satisfactory for use with high speed elevators. tum of the car which causes it to coast varying One of the features of the present invention is distances dependent on load conditions'and dito provide in a multi-speed push-button control rection of car travel, the coast being greater for system, a remote control mechanism to function a heavy load descending and a light load ascendas a floor selector'and to control an automatic ing, than for a heavy load ascending and a light slow-down operation and to combine therewith load descending. A light load ascending is driven directly co-acting elements, part on the car and not only by the hoisting motor but by the counterpart in the hoistway adjacent each landing, to weight. It is universal practice to make the eifect the car stops. The stop mechanism may be counterweight heavier than the car. Consequentnon-directional in effect; as the directional funcly, for a light load ascending the hoisting operation may be performed by the remote. control tion should be discontinued sooner than'for a mechanism. In providing such co-acting car stop heavy load. controlling elements for multi-speed service, it is Hence, another: feature of the present invenpreferable to prevent co-action or engagement of tion is to provide a stop controlling element of the elements duringhigh speed movement of the retractive type which maybe either a cam or car, or in other words, to render such elements a stop controlling switch on the car, adjustable operative only after the car has been slowed automatically in accordance with the load to condown. O trol the hoisting motor to discontinue the hoist- A feature of the present invention as embodied ing operation sooner for a heavy load descending in one of its forms herein, is to provide a single and a lightload ascending, than fora heavy load stopping switch positioned on the car, to control ascending and a light load descending, so that by all car stops, such switch having an electro-resaid adjustment the car stop is so timed as to sponsive device controlledbythe selective pushcause the coast to bring the car to a state of button control system to actuate it to a retracted rest substantially. level with the landings, for position so that it will not co-act or engage with all load conditions. This feature has been made hoistway cams at floors which the car passes by, the subject matter of a divisional application Seand to'releasethe same automatically and selecrial No. 321,011, filed November 21, 1928. tively with respect to any predetermined stopping Other objects will appear in the following specipoints to assume a position to co-act with the fication in which the novel construction of elehoistway cams to effect automatic car stops. ments and arrangements of parts will be de- In another embodiment, a series of up and scribed and the novel features of the invention down stop switches are positioned in the elevapointed out in the appended claims. tor hoistway to be actuated by a retractive cam In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 illustrates on the ca'r, the cam having an electro-responsive in a more or less diagrammatic manner, an autoactuating means controlled by the selective pushmatic push-button control system of circuits and button control mechanism to move it out of posiapparatus arranged in accordance with the prestion to engage the hoistway stop switches at floors ent invention; t which the car passes by, and to release the cam Fig. 2 illustrates a modified arrangement of automatically and selectively with respect to any both circuits and apparatus;

Fig. 3 illustrates a car actuated remote control mechanism, together with a modified form of stop controlling mechanism actuated by movement of the car, but being of the remote type.

Referring now to Fig. 1, the elements comprise an elevator car C operated by the hoisting mot-or M through the intermediary of any well known type of hoisting apparatus (not shown) the motor being provided with a usual type of electro-mechanical brake mechanism B. The hoisting motor is provided with a shunt field winding '8, magnetization of which is varied by means of a resistor, controlled by a fast and slow speed switch F to obtain speed variation, and although said resistor is controlled herein in a single step, it will be understood that it may be sectioned and controlled in step-by-step fashion to obtain smooth and gradual acceleration. A sectional starting resistance 3 is controlled automatically and in a well known manner by an accelerating switch A, the last arm 4 thereof controlling normally open contactors 5.

The remote control mechanism, which as a whole is designated E, may be of any well known type such as is now commonly employed in standard practice to control floor stops. In the form shown, its up and down sets of switch devices 6 and '7 respectively establish direction for car travel in accordance with the position of the car relatively to an actuated hall or car push-button through control of up and down direction relay switches G and H. In addition to such functioning, this remote control device also functions to control through the agency of the up and down relay switches, the fast and slow speed switch F to control operation of the car at its fast speed rate and effect automatic slowdown selectively at any predetermined point relatively to any predetermined stopping point or landing. The control of the car at the time the slow-down is effected is transferred to the control of direct acting stop controlling mechanism comprising a single electro-magnetically operable non-directional stopping switch K on the car and co-acting up" and down cams 8 and 9 fixed in the elevator hoistway, all in one and the same vertical plane. Two of these are provided for each intermediate landing and one at each end landing, and all of them are independently adjustable. The push-button system shown is of the single button type with one button in the hall and one in the car for each landing served, the present system being arranged for four floor service. The hall-buttons and car buttons are designated h.b. and c. b. respectively.

There are numerous well known ways of driving the remote control mechanism E in accordance with the movement of the car and in the present instance a positive drive connection between the car and the control shaft 14 is provided, so that the original timing of the control mechanism relative to car position is always maintained regardless of cable slipping or of lengthening or shortening of said cables due to varying load conditions. One satisfactory type of positive drive consists of a cable 10 connected to the car at 11, having its two ends anchored to a winding drum 12 and extending substantially the length of the hatchway to form at its lower end a loop provided with a tension device 13. By such cable and drum connection, movement of the car effects actuation of the remote control actuating shaft 14 through the intermediary of a set of suitable reduction gears 15. Other alternative types of drive may be employed for positively actuating the remote control shaft, as for example, a sprocket and chain connection, or the tape and reel type of drive.

The automatic car stopping switch K positioned on the car is of a novel construction and has a new application and mode of operation. It comprises a pair of normally closed contactors 16 carried by a pair of pivoted levers or arms 17 and 18, one of which may be in the form of a bell-crank carrying a roller 19. An armature 20 of an electro-magnet 21 is connected to the lever 17. When the magnet is energized, it pulls both arms down as a unit so that the roller 19 is moved to a retracted position relative to the hoistway cams. At the same time the contactors 16 remain in circuit-closing position. When the magnet is de-energized the roller is moved to a cam engaging position through the action of springs 22 and 23, without separating the contactors 16. This is accomplished by making the spring 22 of substantially greater strength than spring 23. The stop switch winding 21 is controlled by the push-button controlled remote control device E to release the stop switch to permit the roller to assume a cam engaging position at the time selective automatic slow-down is effected. Stopping the car is effected by opening the contactors 16 and it is essential that they remain closed during travel of the car subsequently to said slow-down operation and until it reaches the cam zone at which time the roller 19, by engaging a cam, will move the arm 18 and opencircuit the contactors 16. Hence, by the construction illustrated herein, the stop switch will maintain its operating circuit without interruption, while in retracted position, and while moving from retracted to a cam engaging position at the time automatic slow-down is effected and during subsequent movement of the car until it reaches the stopping zone.

Continuing with the designation of parts, electro-magnetically operable up and down reversing switches are designated R and R respectively, floor relay switches f. r., hatchway door contacts h. c., car gate contacts 0. c., a protective electro-magnetic switch p. s., and a door-lock cam releasing magnet r. m.

The sequence of operation of the various elements through a complete cycle together with a detailed description of controlling circuits will now be given.

With the car at rest and the elements in the positions illustrated, we will assume that the car is at the third fioor landing with the car and hoistway door contacts closed and that the first fioor hall-button is pressed to dispatch the car thereto. By momentarily pressing said button a circuit is closed for an operating winding 35 of the down direction relay switch H which will close and effect operation of the down reversing switch R to control the release of the mechanical brake and effect operation of the hoisting motor to move the car in a descending direction at slow speed rate gradually increased by operation of the accelerating magnet A. When the last arm on the accelerating magnet closes, it also closes the contacts 5 which together with contactors 24 of said down direction relay switch H complete a circuit for the fast and slow speed switch operating winding 2 which will effect opening of this switch F to weaken the shunt field windings and by so doing effect car operation at a maximum or fast speed rate. Said direction relay switch by closing, also closes at contactors 25 a circuit for the operating winding 21 of the stopping switch K and the door lock cam magnet r. m. in series, so that the roller 19 of the switch K will be moved to retracted position as will-also the door lock cam, (not shown). Thehall-button circuit may be traced as follows: from plus main to wire 26, through car gate contacts c.-c. to wire 27, through normally closed back-contacts 28 of protective switch p. s., wire 29, through the first floor hall-button h. b. to wire 30, through the first floor relay winding 31 to wire 32, through the selector switch 33 of the remote control mechanism E to a common down feed wire .34, through winding 35 of the down direction relay H, wire 39, through backcontacts 36 of the up direction relay G to Wll6,,37, and thence by way of wire 38 to the minus main. The first floor relay switch will now close its contacts to complete'a self-holding circuit for the direction switch H as follows: as just traced from the plus main to junction 40, wire 41, through door contacts h. c. to wire 42, wires 43 and 44, through first floor relay switch contacts to wire 45 which forms a junction 46 with wire 30, the circuit extending from thereon in a manner as traced above.

The circuit for the down reversing switch Winding 50 is the same as the self-holding circuit just traced up to a junction 47 above the door contacts and extending from thereon by Wire 48, through down direction switch contacts '49, wire 51, through down reversing switch; winding 50 to wire 52, and thence to the minus main by way of Wire 38. Since the reversing :switch winding circuit includes the car gate and hoistway door contacts, it will be seen that the car cannot be started until all the hoistway doors and car gate are closed.

The circuit for the winding 2 of the fast and slow speed switch F may be traced as follows: from a junction 53 with wire. 27 above the car gate contacts, wire 54, through contacts 24 of the down direction switch H, wire 55, contacts 5, wire 56, through winding 2, and thence by wire 57 to the minus main.

The circuit for thedoor lock cam releasing magnet and the winding 21 of the stop switch K branches from the wire54, through down di- '-rection switch contacts 25, to wire 58, through both windings r..m. and 21 in series, and thence to the minus main by Way of wires 59 and 38.

7 Either reversing switch byclosing, thereby closes a self-holding circuit for its own operating winding,'which circuit is independent of the direction relay switches and is controlled by the contacts 16 of the stop switch K on the car. The holding circuit for the down reversing switch R branches from the feed wire 48' at a junction 60 and goes through wire 61, stop switch contacts 16, wire ,62, contacts 63 of the down reversing switch R, and by wire 64 which forms a junction at 65 with the wire 51, thence through down winding 50 and to the minus main by wires 52 and 38. This self-holding circuit, it will be noted, is common to both reversing switch windings,

Summing up thus far, it will be seen that the remote control mechanism E through its control of the direction relay in effect establishes direc--' tion for car travel, controls the fast speed and automatic slow down operation of the car and in addition it controls the position of the floor stop switch K to render it non co-acting during high speedcar operation and controls its release to assume aco-acting position automatically and selectively-with respect to any one of a number of predetermined stopping points.

When the car is running down at its fast speed rate under control of the remote control mechanism E, with the roller 19 in retracted position, both the down directionrelay contacts 49 and the stop switch contacts 16 complete independent branch circuits, for the winding 50 of the down reversing switch; But when the descending car reaches a predetermined point relative to the first floor landing as determined by the adjustment of the remote control switch 33, the latter is actuated to open the self-holding circuit and the contactors of the down direction switch H. This will slow the car down automatically by causing the fast and slow speed switch F to short-circuit the shunt field resistor 1. At the same time the stop switch winding 21 is de-. energized to permit the spring 22 to move the stop switch over so that its roller 19 will be in cam engaging position but without opening its contactors 16: The car, after slow-down is thus effected, will travel some distance under the control of the stop switch K, and when it approaches within a short distance of the first floor landing, the roller 19 will be brought into engagement with the first floor hoistway cam 9 and by such co-action the stop switch contactors 16 are positively opened, thereby opening the self-holding circuit for the down reversing switch winding 50. This reversing switch will'now open to discontinue the hoisting operation and effect application of the brake to bring the car to a state of rest. As soon as the rollerlhas passed cam 19 the spring 23 will pull contacts 16 together to restore the circuit they control to its original condition.

The feed wire 29, common to the hall-buttons, includes the back-contacts 28 of the protective switch, p. s., and a feed wire 29 for the car buttons branches from said feed wire 29 at a junction 66. When either direction switch G or H closes, it closes an energizing circuit for an operating winding 69 of =the protective switch, p. s., by way of contacts 67. The positive main is connected by wire 54 with stationary contacts above the movable contacts 67 which are connected to one side of winding 69. When either movable contact 67 touches its respective stationary contact, the circuit is closed through winding 69 as the other side of this winding is connected by wire 38 with the negative main. When the switch p. s., operates it opens the feed circuit 29 at contacts 28 and closes a self-holding circuit for said winding 69 at top contacts 68, one side of which is connected with the positive main and the otherside of which is connected with the side of winding 69 which is not connected with the negative main. This self-holding circuit is dominated by the car gate contact c. c. and is independent of the direction switch contacts 67. switch is once closed by operation of a car or hall-button, said buttons are rendered ineffective until the car has come to a stop and the car door opened and again closed, and in any event, opening of the car door renders the entire system in operative. Although the direction switch winding circuits as controlledby the push-button system of control are dominated only by the car door contacts, operation of the car cannot be effected unless all the hoistway doors and the car door are closed, since the hatchway door contacts, h. c., and the car gate contacts, 0. c., dominate the circuit for the reversing switch windings.

It will be evident from the foregoing description, that the remote control mechanism, in addi- In' effect then, after a direction tion to performing ausual function of establishing direction for car travel in accordance with car position and the push-button pressed, also functions to effect automatic slow-down selectively at any one of a number of predetermined points. Since the control means for car stops is non-directional, the use of the co-acting car and hoistway type of mechanism to control car stop is practicable for use with high speed elevators. This is so because a retractive cam or switch mechanism can be used so that its elements will not strike or engage during movement of the car at its fast speed rate past the landings at which no stops are to be made, and since such co-action takes place only after the car has been slowed down. According to former practice, the stop switches were of the directional type and located in the hoistway at each landing and necessarily had a non-retractive or fixed co-acting cam on the car, so that their setting as the car passes each landing during high speed car travel was deteriorative and they were short lived and impracticable for use for high speed elevator service. Hence, the common practice has been to employ a control mechanism of the remote type to control automatic car stops, but the stops obtainable thereby are not as accurate asthose obtainable by the present directly actuated car stop controlling mechanism. I believe myself to be the first to provide an arrangement for high speed elevator service in which a remote control device establishes direction for car travel, controls the fast speed car operation and also the automatic slow-down, combined with directly actuated coacting stop controlling mechanism of a nondirectional hatchway type comprising as one of its elements a member retracted during fast speed car operation and controlled automatically and selectively to assume an operative position when automatic slow-down is effected at any one of a number of predetermined points. Such nondirectional directly actuated hoistway type of stop mechanism as embodied in the present combination is practicable for use with any speeds without limit as to maximum. speed. Of course the combination as a whole is also applicable for use as a multi-speed controller for comparatively slow speed service. Or with the speed change switch and its associated devices eliminated, the combination is equally applicable for use with a single speed push-button controlled elevator, with an accompanying reduction in first cost, as compared with systems now in common use employing directional fioorstop switches in the hoistway, set by a fixed cam on the car.

Furthermore, in the absence of automatic car leveling mechanism, the use of such non-directional co-acting car and hoistway elements is desirable, since the car stops as controlled thereby are more accurate than can be obtained by the usual control of the type actuated by mechanism remote from the car, since with the latter mechanism the car will under-run or over-run the landin direct proportion to cable slip and lengthening or shortening of same, inaddition to the varying coast caused by car momentum due to varying leads. By the direct co-action between the car and hoistway elements, the timing operation thereof will be unaifected by the factors involving cable slip and shortening or lengthening of the cables and substantially level stops will be obtained for average load condition.

The sequence and mode of operation of the various elements as controlled by car button operation is the same as just described for hallbutton operation, although when the car is under control of a car button, the protective switch, p. s., operates to prevent interference from the hall-buttons. In any event, the car cannot be started unless the car and hoistway doors are closed and locked.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the system of circuits and mode of operation of the various elements are substantially the same as in Fig. 1, the essential difference in the two systems residing in the provision of an independently adjustable up" and down stop switch 71 and respectively positioned in the elevator hoistway for each intermediate landing, and one stop switch for each end landing, (not shown). These stop switches are normally closed and are connected in series by the wire 61 in the self-holding circuit for the up and down reversing switch windings. A retractive cam '72 is arranged to be moved by an electro-magnet 73, out of position to strike or engage rollers 74 on the stop switches at floors to be passed. This magnet is controlled selectively and operates in the same order or sequence with respect to the other controlling elements, as does the electro-magnet 21 of Fig. 1; that is, it is deenergized when automatic slow-down is efiected and a spring 75 moves the cam to a switch engaging position. As all of the stopping switches are connected in series, opening of any one will open the self-holding circuit of the reversing switches to effect automatic car stop.

It will be noted that these stopping switches are of a standard and well known construction while on the other hand when a single stopping switch is employed on the car with fixed cams in the hoistway as in Fig. 1, such standard type of switch cannot be used because it is not capable of maintaining the self-holding circuit for the reversing switch winding closed uninterruptedly while the roller moves from a retracted to a cam engaging position at the time of automatic slowdown, and during subsequent movement of the car until the cam zone is reached.

When embodied ina known elevator system having slow-speed motor regulating means variable in accordance with the load and direction of car travel to minimize the car coast and render such factor practically constant for all load conditions, the present car and hatchway co-acting type of stop controlling mechanism will function to produce substantially level car stops for all load conditions, since with the coast factor a. constant, the point of cut-off as controlled by the stop switches can remain unchanged. Thus the single setting of said switches once and for all is sufiicient in so far as the matter of obtaining a substantially level car stop for all load conditions is concerned.

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 3, the remote control mechanism E is controlled in accordance with car movement through the intermediary of the cable and winding drum connection and the reduction gearing, all of which is the same as in Fig. l and the control mechanism functions in the same manner as it does in said Fig. 1. However, in this illustration, while the stopping switch K per se as to construction, mode of operation and functioning, is in effect the same as the switch K in Fig. 1, the means for actuating said switch in accordance with car movement are substantially different. In this case the car stop controlling mechanism, which as a whole is designated X, is of the remote type and consists of the stop switch K together with the magnet 21' mounted bodily on a traveling head which is actuated in accordance with car position by a worm 86 driven from the reduction gearing 15 by an additional gear wheel 87. A guide bracket 88 slidably engages a rod 89 to prevent rotation of the head 85 as it travels axially on the worm 86. Up and down cam members 90 and 91 respectively are independently adjustable and fixed relatively to the traveling head 85. Rotation of the worm 86 moves the head 85 and the stopping switch mechanism axially in one direction or the other, depending on the direction of car traVeL'and when the magnet 21 selectively releases the switch K, the latter-assumes a co-acting-position relatively to the fixed cam corresponding to the desired floor stop so that when the car in approaching the desired stopping point is within a short distance'thereof, the roller 19 byco-acting with one of the cam members will effect opening of the stopping switch contacts 16 and thereby open the self-holding circuit for areversing switch winding to effect car stop.

' In embodying this Fig. 3 type of remote stop switch mechanism into the Fig. 1 system of circuits,.the circuits remain unchanged as the stop switch K and the retractive magnet 21' of Fig. 3 will operate in the same order or sequence as the switch K and magnet 21 of Fig. 1.

Because of,the fact that, this remote type of stopcontrolling mechanism cannot be adjusted with such fineness and accuracy as the directly actuated hatchway type of stop mechanism, car stops .will not be as accurate .as with the use of the latter type of mechanism. But .the former type of apparatus has certain otheradvantages in that it involves a considerable saving in the cost of installation and is more readily accessible for renewal, adjustment and repair of parts.

Although, the present embodiment of the fast and slow speed switch mechanism together with the push-button system of circuitsis illustrated and described in conjunction with a rheostat controlled hoisting motor operatingon a direct ourrent system, it will be understood that the invention may be used with other systems such as the variable voltage and the multiple voltage systems, and is equally applicable in' principle to systems operating on alternating current.

.WhatI claim is:

1. In a multi-speed push-buttoncontrolled elevator, the combination with the car, reversing switch mechanism,.a slow-down switch, push-button controlled remote control mechanism having a singleup switch and asingle down switch for each intermediate landing to control initial closing of a corresponding reversing switch, and'also .to controlgsaid slow-down switch to effect fastspeed car operation, and when the car reaches a predetermined point, to control said slow-down switch to effect automaticslow-down, and nondirectional means to control said reversing switch mechanism to maintain same closed when'slowdown is effected and to open same to effect car stop as the car approaches the desired stopping point.

2. In a multi-speed push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, up and down reversing switches, selective car and hall push-buttons, a remote control mechanism having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate landing operable to effect initial closing of an up or down reversing switch dependent on car position and the pushbutton actuated, a speed change switch controlled by said remote control mechanism to effect automatic slow-down selectively at predetermined points, and non-directional stop controlling mechanism, part on the car and part in the hoistway adjacent each landing, controlled by said remote control mechanism to be non-co-acting during fast speed car operation, and conditioned by said mechanism simultaneously with the speed change switch to be co-acting when slow-down is effected to control said reversing switches.

3. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, motive means for the car having multi-speed regulation, a pair of reversing switches each having an operating winding, a single self-holding circuit common to both of said windings, a push-button system of circuits and a remotecontrol mechanism having only two switches for each intermediate landing operable in accordance with car position initially to close anenergizing circuit for one or the other of said windings dependent on car position and the button actuated, a speed change switch controlled by said remote control mechanism to effect automatic slow-down and at the same time open said initial energizing circuit, means to maintain said self-holding circuit closed when said initial energizing circuit is'opened comprising elements on the car and in the hoistway adjacent each landing, and electro-responsive means to render said above named means nonco-acting excepting subsequently to a slow-down operation.

4. In a multi-speed push-button controlled elevator, the combination withthe car, a pair of reversing switches each having an operating winding, a speed change switch, a push-button system of circuits and remote control mechanism having only two switches for each intermediate landing actuated by movement of the car initially to close an energizing circuit' for a reversing switch winding dependent on car position and the button pressed, and to control said speed change switch to effect fast speed operation and automatic slow-down, non-directional means, part on the car and part in the hoistway adjacent each landing, and a self-holding circuit common to both of said reversing switch windings, controlled jointly by either reversing switchwhen closed, and by said car and hoistway means to maintain a closed reversing switch in closed position when said remote control operates to open said initial energizing circuit at the time slowdown is efiected.

5. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, motive means for the car having multi-speed regulation, a pair of reversing switches each having an operating winding, a single self-holding circuit common to both ofsaid windings, a push-button system of circuits and a remote control mechanism having only two, switches for each intermediate landing actuable in accordance with car movement to control an initial energizing circuit for saidreversing switch windings in accordance with car position and the button pressed, a speed change switch controlled by said remote control mechanism to effect automatic slow-down selectively at any desired predetermined point, and at the same time open said initial-energizing circuit, stop controlling means, part on the car and part in the hoistwa'y adjacent each landing to maintain said self-holding circuit closed'when said initialcircuit is opened, and an elec'tro-magnet controlled by said remote control mechanism to render said stop controlling meansnon-co-acting excepting subsequently to a slow-down operation,

said means co-acting to open said self-holding circuit to efi ect car stop. I

6. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, a single non-directional switch on the car to control all car stops said switch inefiective to initiate start of the car, a remote controller arranged to determine direction of car travel, separated up and down cams in the hoistway to co-act with said switch to actuate same, and an electro-magnet controlled automatically by said remote controller to maintain said switch in retracted position and release same automatically toassume position to co-act with a camselectively at any predetermined stopping point. I p

7. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, a single non-direc tional switch to control all car stops said switch ineffective to initiate start of the car, separated up and down cams to engage said switch to open same, an electro-responsive device to actuate said switch to retracted position, and a remote con trol mechanism actuable in accordance with car position to control a circuit for said electro-responsive means to de-energize same automatically and selectively at a predetermined point to permit said switch to assume a cam engaging position. 7

8. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, up and down reversing switches each having an operating winding, a single'self-holding circuit common to both of said windings, a single non-directional stop controlling switch in said circuit to control all car stops said switch ineffective to initiate start of the car, separated up and down cams to coact with said switch to open same, and electroresponsive device to actuate said switch to retracted position, and control mechanism actuavble in accordance with car position to control a circuit for said electro-responsive device to deenergize same automatically and selectively at any predetermined car position to permit said switch to assume a cam engaging position. v

9. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, independently adjustable separated up and down cams, a single non-directional stopping switch to be opened by engagement with said cams to control all car stops said switch ineffective to initiate start of the car, electro-responsive means to actuate said switchvto retracted position, and a control mech-v anism actuable in accordance with car movement to maintain a, circuit for said electro-responsive means and to de-energize same auto matically and selectively at any predetermined point to permit said switch to assume a cam engaging position.

10. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, independently adjustable separated up and down cams fixed in the hoistway adjacent each landing, a single nondirectional "stopping switch on the car to be opened by, engagement with said cams to control all car stopssaid switch inefiective to initi ate start of the car, an electro-magnet to actuate said switch to retracted position, and a pushbutton controlled remote control mechanism to establish direction for car travel and also to control an energizing circuit for said electro-magnet, at gizing circuit automatically and selectively at any predetennined'point corresponding to a button actuated to permit said stopping switch to assume a cam engaging position.

control mechanism opening said ener-.

11. In a multi-speed push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, a slowdown switch, a single non-directional stop switch to control all car stops said switch ineffective to initiate start of the car, electro-responsive means to actuate same to retracted position, and a remote control mechanism having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate landing operable in accordance with car position and direction of travel to control said slow-down switch and at the same time de-energize said electro-responsive means to release said stop switch to assume, a non-retracted position.

12. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, motive means for the car having multi-speed regulation, a slow-down switch, a remote control mechanism having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate landing actuable in accordance with car position, automatically to control said slow-down switch at any one of a number of predetermined points, stop controlling means comprising a single normally closed switch and cc-acting cams, an electro-magnet rendered effectiveby said control mechanism to actuate said switch in closed position to a retracted position, said switch maintaining .said closed relation uninterruptedly when released to move from retracted to a cam engaging position when the slow-down switch is actuated and until the cam is engaged, and means effective when said electro-magnet is de-energized to move said switch to the latter position.

13. In a push-button controlled elevator, the

combination with the car, motive means for the car having multi-speedregulation, a slow-down switch, a retractive non-directional stop switch to control. all car stops, separated up and down cams to actuate said switch, means controlled by car movement automatically to actuate the slowdown switch and to release said stop switch to permit same to' move from retracted to cam engaging position when the slow-down switchis actuated and before the cam zone is reached, and

means for holding said switch closed during its movement from retracted to cam engaging position, and until subsequent car movement brings same into engagement with a cam.

14. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, motive means for the car having multi-speed regulation, a slow-down switch, a retractive non-directional stop switch to control all car stops, separated up and down cams to actuate saidswitch, an electro-responsive device operable in accordance with car position to actuate the slow-down switch and to retract said stop switch during high speed car operation and automatically to release same selectively at any one of a number of predetermined points topermit movement'thereof from a retracted to a cam engaging position when said slow-down switch is actuated and before the cam zone is reached, and means for holding said switch closed during said movement and until subsequent car movement engages it with a cam.

15. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, motive means for the car having multi-sp-eed regulation, a slow-down switch, a retractive stop switch to control all stops in both directions of car travel comprising a pair of switch arms movable as a unit and in circuit closing relation from a non-retracted to a retracted position which retracted position is maintained during fast speed car operation, an

electro-responsive device to actuate both of said arms as a unit ,to retracted position, a remote con trol mechanism actuable in accordance with car movement'to control direction of car travel and to control said slow-down switch selectively at any one of a number of predetermined points, and at the same time to control'said electro-responsive device to release said arms to permit movement thereof as a unit and in circuit closing relation to a non-retracted position, and a cam to engage one of said arms in either direction of car travel to-move it toa circuit opening position to effect car stop.. I

16. Ina push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, motive means for the car having multi-speed regulation, a pair of reversing switches each having an operating winding, a single self -holding circuit common to both of said windings, a singleretractive stop switch to control said self -ho1ding circuit to thereby control all car stops comprising a pair of switch arms movable as a unit and in circuit closing relation from a non-retracted to a retracted position, an electro-magnet to move said'switch arms as a. unit to retracted position, car and hall push-button circuits and a remote control mechanism having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate landing actuable in accordance with car movement to close an initial energizing-circuit for said reversing switch windings and at the same time close an energizing circuit for said electro-magnet, said remote control mechanism efiecting automatic slow-down and at thesame time opening said initial energizingcircuit for the reversing switch winding and transferring control of the reversing switch winding to said stop switch, and also de-energizing said electro-magnet to release said stop switch arms to move as a unitin circuit-closing relation to a, 'inon-retracted position, andfioor stop cams to engage one of said switch arms to open said self holding circuit to eifect car stop.

17. In a multi-speed push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, a pair of "reversing switches each having an operating trol said self-holding circuit to control all car stops comprising a pair of switch arms movable as a-unit in circuit-closing relation from a nonretracted toa retracted position, an electro-mag-,

- net to move both of said switch arms as a unit to :said retracted position, car and hall push-button 7 car stops.

' circuits and a remote control mechanism having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate landing actuable in accordance with car movement to control fast speed operation of the car and at a predetermined selectedpoint automatically to control said speed change switch to effect automatic slow-down and at the same time transfer controlof the energi ing circuit for a reversing switch winding to said self-holding circuit controlled by the stop switch and to de-energiz'e said electro-magnet topermit movement of both of said stop switch arms as a unit in closed relation to a non-retracted position, and earns in the hoistway at each landing to engage one of said arms when in non-retracted position to open said self-holding circuit to effect l8.In a push-button controlled elevator, the combinationwith the car, motive means for the car havingmulti-speed regulation, a slow-down switch,a single retractive normally closed stop switch on the car to controlall car stops, a pushbutton controlled remote control mechanism actuable in accordance with car position to automatically control said slow-down switch and at the same time effect operation of said stop switch from a retracted to a non-retracted position, and relatively short length stopping cams to control only car stops in the hoistway adjacent each landing, all being in one and the same vertical plane to operatively engage said stop switch in both directions of car travel when in non-retracted position and open said switch to effect car stops, said stop switch remaining in circuit-closing condition during its movement from a retracted to non-retracted position and until subsequent movement of the car brings it into engagement with a stop cam so that from the time the slowdown switch is actuated until the cam is reached said stop switch will maintain a closer circuit for the motive means.

19. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, motive means for the car having multi-speed regulation, a slow-down switch, a control mechanism remote from the car having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate landing and actuated in accordance with movement thereof to control said slow-down switch, a single normally closed retractive stop switch to control all car stops, said stop switch comprising a pair of switch arms movable as a unit in closed position from a non-retracted to a retracted position, and means to effect said movement thereof automatically controlled by said remote control mechanism means operable when the last named means is rendered ineffective at a predetermined point in the car movement to move said arms as a unit in closed relation to non-retracted position, and a cam to engage one of said arms while in the latter position to actuate it to open-circuited position.

20. In a push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, motive means for the car having multi-speed regulation, a slow-down switch, control mechanism selectively to control said slow-down switch at any' predetermined point, a single stop switch on the car said switch ineffective to initiate start of the car and separated up and down floor stop cams to control all car stops, said stop switch being retracted during fast speed car operation and released automatically and selectively when the slow-down switch is actuated and when the car position is such that the stop switch and a floor stop cam are not in engagement, whereby a time period is introduced to permit a substantial reduction in car speed before the car reaches a position to bring the stop switch into engagement with the floor stop cam, said stop switch by engaging the cam being positively opened thereby.

21. Ina push-button controlled elevator, the combination with the car, a reversing switch mechanism having an operating winding, a selfholding circuit therefor, selectively operable push-button controlled circuits, remote floor stop controlling mechanism electrically connected in said circuits and actuated in accordance with car movement to close and open the initial energizing circuit for said reversing switch winding in accordance with the button pressed, a single normally closed non-directional stop switch on the car to maintain said operating winding energized through said self-holding circuit when its initial energizing circuit is opened by saidfloor stop mechanism, to continue movement of the car toward the selected stopping point, and a cam in the hoistway adjacent each lending to engage said stop switch positively to open same to efiect car stop.

22. An elevator control system comprising a car, motive means therefor, a push-button controlled remote directional controller, reversing switches'arranged to be energized thereby until the car enters a selected zone, a self-holding circuit for continuing the energization of the reversing switches, and a stop switch having 00- operating parts on the car and in the elevator hatchway for opening said circuit conditioned by said remote directional controller for subsequent operation to car stopping position simultaneously with the transfer of control of the reversing switches from said remote controller to the self holding circuit.

23. In an elevator control system having a variable speed motive means for the car, a single switch controlling car stops in both directions of travel, said'switch comprising a pair of relatively movable circuit closing arms, an electro-responsive device to move said switch arms as a unit while in circuit closing relation to a retracted position and maintain switch arms in such position during fast speed operation of the car, a remote control mechanism operable in accordance with the position of the car relative to the floor landings to control said electro-responsive device and effect the release of said switch arms for movement as a unit in circuit closing relation to non-retracted position as the car speed is reduced upon approach of the car to a selected floor, such closed circuit condition of the switch being maintained until the car is approximately level with the floor landing, and means operable in the non-retracted position of said switch to separate the arms thereof and break the circuit.

24. In an elevator control system, an electrically operated motive means for the elevator car, reversing switches controlling the circuit for said motive means, a remote floor selector switch mechanism synchronously operable with'the car and electrically connected with the reversing switches to control the start of the car, a selfholding circuit for the reversing switches, a normally closed car stop switch in said circuit to maintain the reversing switches closed in the slow speed operationof the car upon approach to a floor landing, and means automatically operating said stop switch to open position when the car is approximately level with the floor landing tostop the car.

25. In an elevator control system, an electrically operated motive m ans for the elevator car, reversing switches controlling the circuit for said motivemeans, a slow down switch-in said circuit,

a remote floor selector switch mechanism, syn-' chronously operable with the car and electrically connected with the reversing switches and the slow-down switch to control the start and slowdown of the car, a self -holding circuit for the reversing switches, a normally closed stop switch in connected with the reversing switches and the slow-down switch to control the start and slowdown of the car, a self -holding circuit for the reversing switches, a single normally closed car stop switch in said circuit operable in both directions of car travel to hold the reversing switches closed during-slow-down of the car, and means automatically actuating said stop switch to open position when the car is approximately level with the floor landing to stop the car.

27. In an elevator control system, an electrically operated motive means for the elevator car, reversing switches controlling the circuit for said motive means, a slow-down switch in said circuit, a remote floor selector switch mechanism synchronously operable with the car, said selector switch having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate floor landing, each of which is operatively connected with one of the reversing switches and the slow-down switch to control the start and slow-down of the car, a self-holding circuit for the reversing switches, a normally closed stop switch in said circuit holding the reversing switches closed during slow-down of the car, and means automatically actuating said stop switch to open position when the car is approximately level with the floor landing to stop the car.

28. In an elevator control system, an electrically operated motive means for the elevator car, reversing switches controlling the circuit for said motive means, a slow-down switch in said circuit, a remote floor selector switch mechanism synchronously operable with the car, said selector switch having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate floor landing, each of which is operatively connected with one of the reversing switches and the slow-down switch to control the start and slow-down of the car, a self-holding circuit for the reversing switches, a single normally closed car stop switch in said circuit operable in both directions of car travel to hold the reversing switches closed during slow-down of the car, and means automatically actuating said stop switch to open position when the car is approximately level with the floor landing to stop the car.

29. In combination with an elevator car, electrically operated variable speed motive means and a slow-down'switch therefor; up and down directional relays for said motive means; a stop device for the car, car controlled means having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate floor landing directly connected with the up and down relays respectively and with said slow-down switch, and means operatively connecting the slow-down switch with said stop device whereby each of said switches governing effective operation of said slow-down switch and the car stop device.

30. In combination with an elevator car, electrically operated variable speed motive means and a slow-down switch therefor; up" and down directional relays for said motive means; a single stop device operable to stop the car in both directions of car travel, car controlled means having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate floor landing directly connected with the up and down relays respectively and with said slow-down switch, and means operatively connecting the slow-down switch with said stop device whereby each of said car-controlled switches governs etfective operation of said slow-down switch and the car stop device.

31. In combination with an elevator car, electrically operated variable speed motive means, up and down circuits for said motive means and a slow-down switch therefor; a stop device for the car, reversing switches in said circuits, car controlled means having a single up switch and a single down switchfor each intermediate 1 floor landing operatively connected with the up and down reversing switches respectively, and with said slow-down switch, and means operatively connecting the slow-down switch with said stop device whereby each of said car-controlled switches governs effective operation of said slow-down switch, the corresponding reversing switch, and the car stop device.

32. In combination with an elevator car, electrically operated variable speed motive means, up and down circuits for said motive means and a slow-down switch therefor; a single stop device operable to stop the car in both directions of car travel, reversing switches in said circuits, car controlled means having a single up switch and a single down switch for each intermediate floor landing operatively connected with the up and down reversing switches respectively, and with said slow-down switch, and means operatively connecting the slow-down switch with said stop device whereby each of said car-controlled switches governs efiective operation of said slow-down switch, the corresponding reversing switch, and the car stop device.

CLARENCE R. CALLAWAY.

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