US1813303A - Dry separator - Google Patents

Description

M. J. LIDE DRY SEPARATOR July 7, 1931.

Filed Dec. 16, 192 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 I HWZ-"IOZ J Lide Mart July 7,1931. M. J. LIDE DRY SEPARATOR Filed Dec, 16 192 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 M. J. LIDE DRY SEPARATOR Filed Dec. 16

July 7, 1931.

4% '7 (29 1 E |1/\|v I! 2 2; J} 97 m "let Martin J L11 de v v 2 0 w L 9m 9 [I111 3: 1 EA anaovaa aw July 7, 1931; J, |DE 1,813,303

DRY SEPARATOR Filed Dec. 16 192 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ymcnlfoz 45 r K Martuz J. Ltde Patented July 7, 1931 MARTIN'L LIDE, F BIRMINGHAM; ALABAMA 1 I may sures-Aron J Applicationxfiled -Decen ber is, 192s. Serial "so; 155,259.

My invention relates todr separators or shaking screens adapted to e ect a stratification and separation,according to "specific gravities, of'the component parts of a charge of material thereon, and it contemplates that the material shall be continuously fed to the separator and that the separating table shall have imparted thereto both vertical vibra-v tions and lateral oscillations and shall have 0 a foraminous deck so that a current. of air can be forced upwardly through the mass of material on the table.

The chief object of my present invention is to maintain upon the separating table one orimo're deep beds of material each in a separate compartment, and to provide for the overflow of the light material over one edge of a compartment and theunderfiow of the heavymaterial under another edge of said compartment. Where I 'multiple -compart% ments are used, the light material'may be caused to overflow from one intothe next compartment for'successive treatments while I the heavy material passes directly to the dis-:

-2 charge or vice versa,

. My invention the discharge of heavy material from each compartment by causing it to pass out under a gate preferably adjustable so that the depth of the heavy material in each compartment bed can be so regulated asto prevent the escape of lighter' material therefrom under its respective gate. v 7 j Q My invention contemplates that theylighter 5 -materia -l shall travel in one direction'and" the heavy material in a direction'at or nearly] at right angles :to the direction of flow of the lighter material, and where it is desired to i use riflles on the table, such .should'be ar- 40 ranged parallel with theweirs. Also, where it is'des'ired to incline the table in the direction of the. discharge of the he'a'vy material, it is preferable .thatthe weirs should be ad justable angularly so as to permit'of raising the edges thereof adjacent to the discharge ofthe heavy material. By thus maintaining a deep bed of material'in'each compartment of a table that is being both verticallyvi-.. brated and laterally oscillated, the'most effective 'stratificatioh as well as the desiied' contemplates the control of table.

rate of movement of the material is obtained, the heavier mater al from each compartment underflowinga gate in one direction'to its respective discharge or into the next succeed ing compartment, and the lighter material in each compartment overflowing a weir in a different direction in the next succeeding compartment or. into the discharge. By the adjustment of the gates ample depth of heavy material can be maintained in the beds so that there will be a substantially uniform dis tribution of the 'air' current flowing upwardly through the material. Moreover; the increased depth of the beds increases the depth of the zone of stratification and therefore enables the line of demarkation between the lighter "and heavier material to be more clearly defined. f

@A further feature'of this invention relates to the manner in which the vertical vibra- "Io tionsxare imparted to the table, this being accomplished, according to my present inventio'n', by the provision of synchronized cranlcactuators for the adjustable tablesupportinglegs. My invention further contemplates Y improvements in the manner'in whichthe gates and weirs are mounted and adjusted on the My inventionin several preferred embodiat ments thereof isillustratedin the accompanying drawings to which reference is had in the following specification and claim. i In th'edrawings 1 1 'Fig. 1 is a'plan view ofa separating table a; with the'cover partly brokenaway.

' Fig. 2 is anend elevation of Fig. 1 partly broken away, with the air circuit conventionally illustrated. V Fig." 3 is a partial sectional viewfenlarged taken along the line III-III of Fig. 1.

"Fig. 4 is adetail view illustrating the angular andvertical 'adjustability of the wiers.

' "lg. -5 is across-sectional view taken on the 7 lines V -V of Fig.2. 7 as I 'Fig.'-6"i s aside elevation of Figul partly broken away- 1 Figs? andS are views corresponding to Figs. 1 and '2 of a modification of my inventionin which overhead adjustable bafiles are arranged at right angles to the riflles and take the place of the weirs which run parallel with the rifiies in Figs. 1 to 2.

Fig. 9 is a side view partly broken away, of Fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line XX of Fig. 7 with the adjustable vibrating supports for the table shown partly in cross-section.

Fig. 11 is a detailed view of one of the vibratory table supports.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line XII-XII of Fig. 7.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail view showing the double screen arrangement and manner of supporting the upper screen and riflles on the lower screen.

Fig. 14 is a detail view showing the adjustable mounting for the overhead ba-flles of Fig. 7.

Similar reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.

In the several embodiments of my invention illustrated, I show an air box 15 having a plurality of flexible air ducts 16 which connect the same with inlets 17 in the bottom 18 of the separator proper, which bottom is surrounded by marginal vertical walls 19, 20, 21 and 22. Suitably spaced from the bottom and mounted on cross division plates 23 by angle clips 2311 are inner screen plates 24 having relatively large perforations, and above screens 24 is supported thereon is a working screen 25 having finer perforations 26 (see Fig. 13), upon which screen is mounted the rifiies 27, when such are used, and I preferably form them of angle irons or other suitable material. The rifiies are shown as alternately high and low but they may be of any standard type.

The manner of assembling the screens and riflles is preferably according to the showing in Fig. 13 in which a cap screw or stud bolt 28 is passed down through the base flange of a rifile angle 27 and through the upper screen 25 and through a spacer sleeve 29 resting on the screen 24, and is screwed into the latter screen, the rifiles not in position to be mounted by cap screws 28 may be attached to the upper screen 25 in any suitable manner. Suitable control valves 30 are provided in the connections leading from the air box 15 to each duct 16 to regulate the volume of air delivered through same to the screen. The division plates 23 are adapted to subdivide the air chamber below the screens into compartments into each of which an equal number of air ducts 16 lead from the air box 15 so as to regulate the volume of air supplied to each compartment.

The screen mechanism is supported at or near its four corners by adjustable leg sup ports which are more clearly illustrated in Figs. 6, 10 and 11, each leg preferably comprising an upper threaded member 31 which is connected by a universal joint coupling 32 to the bottom 18. The threaded member 31 is screwed into the hub 33 of a sprocket 34, which hub in turn is provided with an unthreaded cylindrical shank 35 which turns either in the upper end of a lower elongated hub 36 for a sprocket 37, which has the member 38 screwed into its lower end and con nected by a pivot bolt 39 to the sleeve 40 of its respective oscillating eccentric 41 or the shank 35 turns in a sleeve 36a into which the member 38 screws and is set by a jamb nut 36?). These eccentrics are mounted re spectively upon the shafts 42, 43 and 4.4, the shafts 42 and 43 being driven by the bevelled gears 45 which mesh a bevelled pinion 46 on a drive shaft 47 driven by the motor 48, which is typical of any suitable source of power. The shaft 44 is driven by the meshing gears 49 and 50, as more clearly seen in Fig. 5, and each of the shafts is provided with suitable bearings 51 beyond which. its, ends overhang and receive the eccentrics 41. The connections described provide for inclependent adjustment of each of the leg supports for the table and for the transmission by the synchronized crank or eccentric means of vertical vibrations through these supports to the table.

To provide for the simultaneous adjustment of the legs on any desired side of the table I connect the upper sprocket wheels 37 on the right hand side of Fig. 5 by means of a sprocket chain 52 and I provide for ad justment of the supports of the upper end of the table, see Fig. 5, by connectingthe lower sprocket by means of a sprocket chain 53 both flights of which are passed around the guides 54 to avoid the end ducts 16. Thus by manipulating the chain 52 the right hand side of the table can be raised or lowered without varying its pitch or angle of inclination, and in like manner the upper end of the table can be raised or lowered by manipulating the chain 53 without changing its pitch or angle of inclination.

I attach, preferably at each corner of the table, a stirrup 55 upon which is mounted a coil spring 56 engaged above by a seat 57 (seeFig. 10) through which the upper end of a hold-down rod 58 passes and carries a nut to adjust the tension of the spring which rests on the stirrup and is held under compression by reason of the fact that the lower end of the hold-down rod is loosely connected to an eye 59 in a bracket or base plate se cured to the floor or foundation. These holddowns thus serve, through the interposed springs 56, to yieldingly hold the table against its vertical vibratory driving elements 41 and prevent any knocking or loose misses.

64 and having fast thereon a cam-.70,.' "1lhei cams; 6.61 and: some set opposite the centers of'thein-respective adjacent-edgesofthe: sepe.

aratortable and: each cam: is. so shaped. that,

through. suitable transmission mechanism, it isadaptedmo impart-oscillations to .the. tablej which. will produce a; slow; motion in. 0ne..di;.1 rection, and; a fast return. As.- sho-wn, each. cam. engages; a rollen'tl; mounted in; the yoke at the-outer end of: its connectingrod: 72,

the-yoke serving as an outer-- seat. for a. coil com-pressionspring73 whichbearsat-itsother. end; against a. guide. 74; through. which.v the. connecting. rod loosely; slides. at: an; upward: inclination. These. rods-working. at; right.- anglestoeach other v are, at. their inner ends. connected: by ball. and: socketijoints 75' to. a. center thrust plate-.7 61attachedi:to .the. bottom. 18: of the. separator, The; cams. are designed to. impart; a. relatively slow.- forward motion. andJtopermit aquick return, and; being dis.-. posedr to work at; right. angles to. each. other, I the .connectionsa-nd supports are all suited to permit. the .tableltolfellow its natural move-- ments responsive both to the vertical vibrations and'to the different directions for lateral oscillations. The cams are shown provided with side flanges to hold the rollers 71 in alignment therewith. The motion just de ascribed maybest be understood by reference to Fig. 6 wherein it will be seen that with the cam 66 rotating in an anticlockwise direction the table is moved to the right, as seen in the drawings, and is more quickly 5 returned by the spring 7 3.

The mechanism described for oscillating the table is of the conventional type and may be variously modified acc-ordin to different operating conditions, and in li e manner there may be substituted for the vertical vibrating mechanism shown other suitable means.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 to 6, I illustrate one arrangement of the table .=.in which the material to be treated is fed to the upper left hand corner by means of a feed pipe 77 and in which the rilfles are arranged parallel with the end walls and 22. As shown in the figures in question, the

:FISCI'BBD is made up of sections between which the division plates 23 rise and extend up high enough to form with the marginal walls of the top cover 84: deep compartments from which the lighter material can escape only by overflowing the plates-23 as we-irs.

Preferably I mount adjustable weir plates 78 on each plate 28, employing screws 88 working in slots 89 to permit the weir plates to be adjusted both vertically and angularly.

The heavier material in each compartment is; discharged; at; the. ends. off the rifiiesby. passing under an. adjustable bottom-dis; chargega-te 7.91and;through.a.chute 80. The gate 7 9 slideslthrough a.slot: in the chute and isprovided with atop .out-turnedzflange .con-. nected by adjusting screws 82. with an. angle clip 83;attached 1 to the adjacent side. of; the. top. cover 84: The. screws 82 have collars. to hold them; in. position. on the; clip; 83'. and; thusprevent movement of: the gate respolr. sive. to .verticalz-table vibrations. The table at: its discharge edge forthe lightermaterial. is providediwith. an overflow. weir. 85 and? weir plate 78- which risesto theheight of. the other weir platesandn over which. the. lighter material falls. into: a. hopper. 86 haaing. a. bottom inclinev leading to a discharge-.-

87. In this arrangement alli oftthe heavien material. is discharged over. the right: hand? edgesof the table. into .the hopper-s8l and all;

of the lighter material is. discharged. over the weir 85 into thedischarge chute-86, and

in reachingthe chute. 86 the lighter material.

must pass successively from one compart.-. ment to'th-e other and in doingso must find. its-way over the severalnveir. plates 78. The heavier materialtha't passes oneor more of the weir. plates. 7.8"tends to move. always. mostly towards thefedge 19-following the rifiiesandzbefore reachingthe weir all-the.

heavier. material; will have been caught. inone or; the other of the several compartments. and'discharged therefrom under its gate 79. It; willube. apparent that: the weirs serve. to 'maintainadeepbed-of material being treat ed over thewhole screen surface 25 and that by! theadjustment of; the. gates;- 9-: the rate.

of'outflow of. the heavier materiallcan be.-

regulatediand controlledso as to maintain it to the desired depth inv eachcompartment.

In Figs. 71to.10. the separator. is. arranged: tov provide for; the flow-ofthe heavier mate.-

rial'from compartmentto compartment, thus successively treating it, while the lighter ma.-. terial overflows directly to the discharge. Here the, compartments are defined by. the. wide overhead angles. forming gates :90 which stand parallel with the plates-23 but. are spaced so. that their. bottom edgesxleave adjustable clearance under which the heavy material; escapes and passes. from compart V mentto compartment, followingthe riliies 27. to .the discharge chutes 91. and 92 01 escapes. directly, tothose chutesv where a single c.ompartment. is provided. The lightermaterial in. thisseparator travels parallel with thegates and across thefriflles andiis discharged;

over the end; weir. 93 which servesthe same.

functionasthe weir. 85 in the construction. first described. In order to adjust this weir- 93,1? mount it by bolts .94working in vertical slots inthev side 19, and. it can, thus be, ad,

justed to regulate.- the depthofi thef'bed off material: onthe. screen.

i To mount-the angles :Imause their. endsto.

project through the casing of the separator, the horizontal flange of the angle being slotted to permit of its reception in a narrow slot 95 which opens through the top of the vertical side walls 96 of the casing as indicated in Fig. 14. I mount brackets 97 on the casing which project up through end slots 98 in the top flange of the angles 90 and are theraded to receive the hand nuts 99 which are circumterentially reduced at 100 to fit the slot 98 and engage both under and over the angle flange so that by turning the nuts 99 the angle gates can be held in any desired adjusted position. In order to per mit these gates to be lowered below the riffies, the latter are notched at 101 in line with each gate, see Fig. 12. The air currents flowing upwardly through the screens and the material thereon is caught by the head 102 and preferably returned in circuit, through the duct 1.03 to the air box 15.

The synchronous drive of the crank or eccentric vibrators to the separator legs will maintain the mass of material thereon under constant agitation while the air current charged are lowest. Hence the mass of material will. tend to travel towards those edges being assisted by the lateral oscillations imparted to the table both endwise and sidewise. The beds of heavy material will accumulate on the screen in the several compartments, being controlled by the adjustment of the gates 7 9 or 90 and the lighter material collecting above the beds of heavy material will flow at right angles to the direction of discharge of the heavy material, and can escape from a compartment only by overflowing a weir plate 78 or the discharge weirs 85 or 93. lVhere riflles are used, they lie in the direction of discharge of the heavy material, and where the table is inclined in the said direction the weirs can be adjusted to maintain their top edges level or rising towards the heavy material discharges, as may be desired. The deep agitated beds of material thus maintained, permit of a clear line of demarkation between the light and heavy material being maintained and enable accurate adjustments to be made of both gates and weirs to secure the most eflicient separation. The air current assists in stratification and the deep beds insure a more uniform air flow up through the mass and avoid tendency towards empty or thinly covered parts of the screen, permitting the air current to bypass the mass of material on the bed or causing it to act inefliciently.

Though I have described with great particularity the details of the embodiment of the invention herein shown, it is not to be construed that I am limited thereto, as changes in arrangement and substitution of equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention as defined in the appended claim.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In a dry separator, partitions dividing the separator into a succession of deep compartments, means providing an upward flow of air through the several compartments to stratify the material, means to feed material into one of the end compartments of the separator, means to impart horizontal reciprocatory motion to the separator normal to the partitions to cause the lighter components of the material to overflow said partitions successively, concomitant means to impart reciprocatory motion to the separator in a direction parallel to the partitions to effect movement of the heavier components of the material transversely to the lighter material, concomitant means to vertically vibrate the table to aid in stratification of the material, adjustable gates to remove the heavier components of the materials at the side of the separator in each compartment, and riflies provided in the compartments parallel with the partition walls.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

MARTIN J. LIDE.

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