TWI663508B - Algorithm for reducing power consumption in sleep mode of touch and display drive integration system and touch display panel using the method to realize a touch display function - Google Patents
Algorithm for reducing power consumption in sleep mode of touch and display drive integration system and touch display panel using the method to realize a touch display function Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一種觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法，其係利用一控制電路實現，包括以下步驟：偵測一觸控閒置時間，並在該觸控閒置時間大於一預設時間時進入一休眠模式；在該休眠模式中將一面板之複數個觸控感測接收電極短接，並在一選定的時間片段中進行一休眠模式觸控掃描程序，其中，該面板在一正常觸控掃描程序中包含有複數個掃描時間片段以掃描所述複數個觸控感測接收電極，而所述選定的時間片段係所述複數個掃描時間片段中的任一個時間片段；以及將該休眠模式中所獲得的第一幀觸控感測原始資料設為一基準值集合，及將後續所獲得的每一幀觸控感測原始資料與該基準值集合進行一減法運算以得到一差值集合，其中，當該差值集合中有一差值大於一預設閥值時，將該休眠模式切換至該正常觸控掃描程序。本發明亦揭示一觸控顯示面板其採用如所述之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法以實現一觸控顯示功能。An algorithm for reducing power consumption in a sleep mode of a touch and display drive integration system, which is implemented using a control circuit, includes the following steps: detecting a touch idle time, and when the touch idle time is greater than a preset time To enter a sleep mode; in this sleep mode, a plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes of a panel are short-circuited, and a sleep mode touch scan procedure is performed in a selected time segment, wherein the panel is in a normal state The touch scanning program includes a plurality of scanning time segments to scan the plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes, and the selected time segment is any one of the plurality of scanning time segments; and The first frame of touch-sensing raw data obtained in the sleep mode is set as a reference value set, and each subsequent frame of touch-sensing raw data is subtracted from the reference value set to obtain a difference A value set, wherein when a difference value in the difference set is greater than a preset threshold, the sleep mode is switched to the normal touch scanning procedure. The present invention also discloses a touch display panel which uses the sleep mode of the touch and display drive integration system as described above to reduce power consumption to achieve a touch display function.
Description
本發明係關於一種觸控與顯示驅動整合系統的降低功耗之演算法，特別是關於一種關於休眠模式降低功耗之演算法。 The invention relates to an algorithm for reducing power consumption of an integrated system of touch and display driving, and in particular to an algorithm for reducing power consumption of a sleep mode.
隨著行動裝置的普及與蓬勃發展，觸控顯示裝置已經成為其中不可缺乏的零組件之一。傳統的系統架構中，觸控與顯示功能分別由觸控晶片與顯示晶片獨立控制，而觸控與顯示驅動器整合系統(Touch and Display Driver Integration，TDDI)藉由把觸控晶片與顯示晶片整合進單一晶片之技術，不但減少了元件的數量，使螢幕變得更薄、也能提升面板透光率，使電池續航時間相對變得更長。 With the popularity and vigorous development of mobile devices, touch display devices have become one of the indispensable components. In the traditional system architecture, the touch and display functions are controlled independently by the touch chip and the display chip, respectively. The Touch and Display Driver Integration (TDDI) system integrates the touch chip and the display chip by The single chip technology not only reduces the number of components, makes the screen thinner, but also improves the light transmittance of the panel, making the battery life longer.
為了節省功耗，觸控顯示面板在閒置時間大於一預設時間(例如15秒)時會進入一休眠模式，待檢測到手指觸控後再切換回正常模式。 In order to save power consumption, the touch display panel enters a sleep mode when the idle time is longer than a preset time (for example, 15 seconds), and then switches back to the normal mode after detecting a finger touch.
習知技術多採用降低報點率的方式來達到目的，然而在休眠模式下，當使用者手指的觸控速度太快時，卻常因為報點率太低而檢測不到觸控，造成無法切換回正常模式之挫折感，從而影響用戶使用體驗。 Most of the conventional technologies use the method of reducing the reporting rate to achieve the purpose. However, in the sleep mode, when the touch speed of the user's finger is too fast, the touch is often not detected because the reporting rate is too low, resulting in failure. The frustration of switching back to normal mode affects the user experience.
為解決上述問題，本領域亟需一新穎的觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法。 In order to solve the above problems, a novel algorithm for reducing power consumption in a sleep mode of a touch and display driving integrated system is urgently needed in the art.
本發明之一目的在於揭露一種觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法，其係藉由在該休眠模式中將面板之複數個觸控感測接收電極短接，並在一選定的時間片段中進行一休眠模式觸控掃描程序，俾於減少掃描程序時間以達到降低功耗之目的。 It is an object of the present invention to disclose an algorithm for reducing power consumption in a sleep mode of a touch and display drive integrated system, which comprises shorting a plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes of a panel in the sleep mode, and A sleep mode touch scan procedure is performed in a selected period of time, which reduces the scan procedure time to achieve the purpose of reducing power consumption.
本發明之另一目的在於揭露一種觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法，其係藉由在休眠模式中所獲得的第一幀觸控感測原 始資料設為一基準值集合，及將後續所獲得的每一幀觸控感測原始資料與該基準值集合進行一減法運算以得到一差值集合，當該差值集合中有一差值大於一預設閥值時，將該休眠模式切換至該正常觸控掃描程序，不須犧牲觸控靈敏度而能快速切換回正常模式。 Another object of the present invention is to disclose an algorithm for reducing power consumption in a sleep mode of a touch and display driving integrated system, which is based on the first frame touch sensing element obtained in the sleep mode. The starting data is set as a reference value set, and each subsequent frame of touch sensing raw data obtained is subjected to a subtraction operation with the reference value set to obtain a difference set. When a difference value in the difference set is greater than When a preset threshold is set, the sleep mode is switched to the normal touch scanning procedure, and the touch mode can be quickly switched back to the normal mode without sacrificing touch sensitivity.
為達前述目的，一種觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法乃被提出，其係利用一控制電路實現，包括以下步驟：偵測一觸控閒置時間，並在該觸控閒置時間大於一預設時間時進入一休眠模式；在該休眠模式中將一面板之複數個觸控感測接收電極短接，並在一選定的時間片段中進行一休眠模式觸控掃描程序，其中，該面板在一正常觸控掃描程序中包含有複數個掃描時間片段以掃描所述複數個觸控感測接收電極，而所述選定的時間片段係所述複數個掃描時間片段中的任一個時間片段；以及將該休眠模式中所獲得的第一幀觸控感測原始資料設為一基準值集合，及將後續所獲得的每一幀觸控感測原始資料與該基準值集合進行一減法運算以得到一差值集合，其中，當該差值集合中有一差值大於一預設閥值時，將該休眠模式切換至該正常觸控掃描程序。 To achieve the aforementioned purpose, an algorithm for reducing power consumption in the sleep mode of a touch and display drive integrated system is proposed. It is implemented using a control circuit and includes the following steps: detecting a touch idle time and Enter a sleep mode when the idle time is greater than a preset time; in the sleep mode, short-circuit a plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes of a panel, and perform a sleep mode touch scan procedure in a selected time segment Wherein, the panel includes a plurality of scanning time segments to scan the plurality of touch-sensing receiving electrodes in a normal touch scanning procedure, and the selected time segment is one of the plurality of scanning time segments. Any time segment; and setting the first frame of touch sensing raw data obtained in the sleep mode as a reference value set, and each subsequent frame of touch sensing raw data obtained with the reference value set Performing a subtraction operation to obtain a difference set, wherein when a difference in the difference set is greater than a preset threshold, switching the sleep mode to the normal touch Tracing program.
在一實施例中，該控制電路具有一資訊處理單元及一記憶單元以執行一程式。 In one embodiment, the control circuit has an information processing unit and a memory unit to execute a program.
在一實施例中，該休眠模式觸控掃描程序的時間為所述複數個觸控感測接收電極之數目N之一倒數值，N為正整數。 In an embodiment, the time of the sleep mode touch scan procedure is an inverse value of the number N of the plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes, and N is a positive integer.
在一實施例中，該面板在該休眠模式下具有一降頻觸控播報率，該降頻觸控播報率係由一觸控點擊最大速率決定。 In one embodiment, the panel has a down-frequency touch report rate in the sleep mode, and the down-frequency touch report rate is determined by a maximum touch click rate.
另外，本發明進一步提出一種觸控顯示面板，其具有一觸控顯示驅動電路及一觸控顯示模組，其中該觸控顯示驅動電路係用以驅動該觸控顯示模組，且該觸控顯示驅動電路包含前述之控制電路以實現所述觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法。 In addition, the present invention further provides a touch display panel having a touch display driving circuit and a touch display module, wherein the touch display driving circuit is used to drive the touch display module, and the touch The display driving circuit includes the aforementioned control circuit to realize the sleep mode reduction algorithm of the touch and display driving integrated system.
在一實施例中，該觸控顯示面板係由一光學式觸控顯示面板、一電阻式觸控顯示面板、一電磁式觸控顯示面板、一聲波式觸控顯示面板和一電 容式觸控顯示面板所組成群組所選擇的一種觸控顯示面板。 In one embodiment, the touch display panel includes an optical touch display panel, a resistive touch display panel, an electromagnetic touch display panel, an acoustic wave touch display panel, and an electrical touch display panel. A type of touch display panel selected by a group of capacitive touch display panels.
為使 貴審查委員能進一步瞭解本發明之結構、特徵及其目的，茲附以圖式及較佳具體實施例之詳細說明如後。 In order to enable your reviewers to further understand the structure, characteristics, and purpose of the present invention, drawings and detailed descriptions of the preferred embodiments are attached below.
步驟a‧‧‧偵測一觸控閒置時間，並在該觸控閒置時間大於一預設時間時進入一休眠模式 Step a‧‧‧ detects a touch idle time and enters a sleep mode when the touch idle time is greater than a preset time
步驟b‧‧‧在該休眠模式中將一面板之複數個觸控感測接收電極短接，並在一選定的時間片段中進行一休眠模式觸控掃描程序，其中，該面板在一正常觸控掃描程序中包含有複數個掃描時間片段以掃描所述複數個觸控感測接收電極，而所述選定的時間片段係所述複數個掃描時間片段中的任一個時間片段 Step b‧‧‧ short the plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes of a panel in the sleep mode, and perform a sleep mode touch scan procedure in a selected time segment, wherein the panel is in a normal touch The control scanning program includes a plurality of scanning time segments to scan the plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes, and the selected time segment is any one of the plurality of scanning time segments.
步驟c‧‧‧將該休眠模式中所獲得的第一幀觸控感測原始資料設為一基準值集合，及將後續所獲得的每一幀觸控感測原始資料與該基準值集合進行一減法運算以得到一差值集合，其中，當該差值集合中有一差值大於一預設閥值時，將該休眠模式切換至該正常觸控掃描程序 Step c‧‧‧ Set the first frame of touch sensing raw data obtained in the sleep mode as a reference value set, and perform each subsequent frame of touch sensing raw data obtained with the reference value set A subtraction operation to obtain a difference set, wherein when a difference in the difference set is greater than a preset threshold, the sleep mode is switched to the normal touch scanning procedure
100‧‧‧觸控顯示面板 100‧‧‧Touch display panel
110‧‧‧觸控顯示驅動電路 110‧‧‧Touch display driving circuit
111‧‧‧控制電路 111‧‧‧Control circuit
111a‧‧‧資訊處理單元 111a‧‧‧ Information Processing Unit
111b‧‧‧記憶單元 111b‧‧‧memory unit
120‧‧‧觸控顯示模組 120‧‧‧Touch display module
圖1繪示本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之一實施例步驟流程圖。 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of steps in an embodiment of an algorithm for reducing power consumption in a sleep mode of a touch and display driving integrated system according to the present invention.
圖2a繪示本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之減少掃描程序時間之示意圖。 FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram illustrating a scan time reduction algorithm of the sleep mode reduction algorithm of the touch and display drive integrated system of the present invention.
圖2b繪示本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之休眠模式中所獲得的第一幀觸控感測原始資料之示意圖。 FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the first frame of touch sensing original data obtained in the sleep mode of the sleep mode of the touch and display drive integrated system of the present invention in the sleep mode reduction algorithm.
圖2c繪示本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之檢測到手指觸控造成有差值大於預設閥值之示意圖。 FIG. 2c is a schematic diagram showing that the algorithm for reducing the power consumption in the sleep mode of the touch and display drive integrated system of the present invention detects that a difference caused by a finger touch is greater than a preset threshold.
圖3繪示一種採用上述之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之一觸控顯示面板。 FIG. 3 illustrates a touch display panel, which is one of the algorithms for reducing power consumption in the sleep mode.
請參照圖1，其繪示本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之一實施例步驟流程圖。 Please refer to FIG. 1, which illustrates a flowchart of steps in an embodiment of an algorithm for reducing power consumption in a sleep mode of the touch and display driving integrated system of the present invention.
如圖所示，本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法，其包括以下步驟：偵測一觸控閒置時間，並在該觸控閒置時間大於一預設時間時進入一休眠模式(步驟a)；在該休眠模式中將一面板之複數個觸控感測接收電極短接，並在一選定的時間片段中進行一休眠模式觸控掃描程序，其中，該面板在一正常觸控掃描程序中包含有複數個掃描時間片段以掃描所述複數個觸控感測接收電極，而所述選定的時間片段係所述複數個掃描時間片段中的任一個時間片段(步驟b)；以及將該休眠模式中所獲得的第一幀觸控感測原始資料設為一基準值集合，及將後續所獲得的每一幀觸控感測原始資料與該基準值集合進行一減法運算以得到一差值集合，其中，當該差值集合中有一差值大於一預設閥值 時，將該休眠模式切換至該正常觸控掃描程序(步驟c)。 As shown in the figure, the algorithm for reducing power consumption in the sleep mode of the touch and display driving integrated system of the present invention includes the following steps: detecting a touch idle time, and when the touch idle time is greater than a preset time Enter a sleep mode (step a); in the sleep mode, a plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes of a panel are short-circuited, and a sleep mode touch scan procedure is performed in a selected time segment, wherein, the The panel includes a plurality of scanning time segments in a normal touch scanning procedure to scan the plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes, and the selected time segment is any one of the plurality of scanning time segments. (Step b); and setting the first frame of touch sensing raw data obtained in the sleep mode as a reference value set, and each subsequent frame of touch sensing raw data obtained with the reference value set Performing a subtraction operation to obtain a difference set, wherein when a difference in the difference set is greater than a preset threshold , The sleep mode is switched to the normal touch scanning procedure (step c).
其中，該休眠模式觸控掃描程序的時間為所述複數個觸控感測接收電極之數目N之一倒數值，N為正整數。 The time of the sleep mode touch scan procedure is an inverse value of the number N of the plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes, and N is a positive integer.
該面板在該休眠模式下具有一降頻觸控播報率，該降頻觸控播報率係由一觸控點擊最大速率決定。 The panel has a down-frequency touch reporting rate in the sleep mode, which is determined by a maximum touch click rate.
請一併參照圖2a至圖2c，其中，圖2a其繪示本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之減少掃描程序時間之示意圖；圖2b其繪示本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之休眠模式中獲得的第一幀觸控感測原始資料之示意圖；圖2c其繪示本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之檢測到手指觸控造成差值大於預設閥值之示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 2a to FIG. 2c together, wherein FIG. 2a shows a schematic diagram of the scanning process time reduction algorithm of the sleep mode reduction algorithm of the sleep mode of the touch and display drive integrated system of the present invention; FIG. Schematic diagram of the first frame of touch sensing raw data obtained in the sleep mode of the invented touch and display drive integration system sleep mode to reduce power consumption; Figure 2c shows the touch and display drive integration of the present invention The sleep mode of the system reduces the power consumption. It is a schematic diagram that the difference caused by finger touch is greater than a preset threshold.
如圖2a所示，觸控與顯示驅動整合系統係將觸控掃描功能和顯示功能，採分時多工之方式進行。本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法係藉由在該休眠模式中將一面板之N個觸控感測接收電極短接，並在一選定的時間片段中進行一休眠模式觸控掃描程序，其中，N為大於1之正整數，圖中以N=20為例，但不以此為限。 As shown in FIG. 2a, the touch and display drive integration system uses a touch scan function and a display function in a time-division and multi-tasking manner. In the sleep mode of the touch and display drive integrated system of the present invention, the algorithm for reducing power consumption is achieved by short-circuiting the N touch sensing receiving electrodes of a panel in the sleep mode, and selecting the A sleep mode touch scan procedure is performed, where N is a positive integer greater than 1, and N = 20 is taken as an example in the figure, but not limited thereto.
本發明係藉由將20個觸控感測接收電極短接，使得原本在短接前需要觸控感測20個觸控掃描時間片段，短接後僅需1個觸控掃描時間片段，圖中以第2個觸控掃描時間片段為例，但不以此為限。 The present invention is to short-circuit 20 touch-sensing receiving electrodes, so that 20 touch-scanning time segments need to be touch-sensed before short-circuiting, and only 1 touch-scanning time-segment is required after short-circuiting. The second touch scan time segment is taken as an example, but it is not limited to this.
因此，本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統休眠模式降低功耗之演算法因此能將休眠模式之觸控掃描程序時間降低為原本的1/20，俾於減少掃描程序時間以達到降低功耗之目的。 Therefore, the algorithm for reducing the power consumption in the sleep mode of the touch and display drive integration system of the present invention can reduce the touch scan process time in the sleep mode to 1/20 of the original, and reduce the scan process time to reduce power consumption. Purpose.
如圖2b所示，本發明之觸控與顯示驅動整合系統休眠模式降低功耗之演算法係將該休眠模式中所獲得的第一幀觸控感測原始資料設為一基準值集合，及將後續所獲得的每一幀觸控感測原始資料與該基準值集合進行一減法運算以得到一差值集合。其中，當該差值集合中有一差值大於一預設閥值時，如圖2c所示，表示檢測到手指觸控，將該休眠模式切換至該正常觸控掃描程序。 As shown in FIG. 2b, the algorithm for reducing power consumption in the sleep mode of the touch and display drive integrated system of the present invention is to set the first frame of touch sensing raw data obtained in the sleep mode as a reference value set, and A subtraction operation is performed on each subsequent frame of touch sensing raw data and the reference value set to obtain a difference set. When a difference in the difference set is greater than a preset threshold, as shown in FIG. 2c, it indicates that a finger touch is detected, and the sleep mode is switched to the normal touch scanning procedure.
其中，該面板在該休眠模式下具有一降頻觸控播報率，該降頻觸控播報率係由一觸控點擊最大速率決定。 The panel has a down-frequency touch report rate in the sleep mode, and the down-frequency touch report rate is determined by a maximum touch click rate.
另外，依上述的說明，本發明進一步揭示一種觸控顯示面板。請參照圖3，其繪示一種採用上述之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法之一觸控顯示面板。如圖3所示，一觸控顯示面板100具有一觸控顯示驅動電路110及一觸控顯示模組120，其中該觸控顯示驅動電路110係用以驅動該觸控顯示模組120以實現一觸控顯示功能，且該觸控顯示驅動電路110具有一控制電路111以實現上述之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法，其中控制電路111係藉由一資訊處理單元111a及一記憶單元111b執行一程式以實現該休眠模式降低功耗之演算法。由於以一觸控顯示驅動電路驅動一觸控顯示模組以實現一觸控顯示功能屬習知技術，故在此不擬對其原理做進一步敘述。 In addition, according to the above description, the present invention further discloses a touch display panel. Please refer to FIG. 3, which illustrates a touch display panel which is one of the algorithms for reducing power consumption using the sleep mode described above. As shown in FIG. 3, a touch display panel 100 has a touch display driving circuit 110 and a touch display module 120. The touch display driving circuit 110 is used to drive the touch display module 120 to realize A touch display function, and the touch display drive circuit 110 has a control circuit 111 to implement the aforementioned sleep mode power reduction algorithm. The control circuit 111 is executed by an information processing unit 111a and a memory unit 111b. A program to implement the algorithm for reducing power consumption in the sleep mode. Since driving a touch display module with a touch display driving circuit to realize a touch display function is a conventional technology, no further description of its principle is intended here.
另外，該觸控顯示面板100可為由一光學式觸控顯示面板、一電阻式觸控顯示面板、一電磁式觸控顯示面板、一聲波式觸控顯示面板和一電容式觸控顯示面板所組成群組所選擇的一種觸控顯示面板。由於所述觸控顯示面板均為習知技術，故在此不擬對其做進一步敘述。 In addition, the touch display panel 100 may be an optical touch display panel, a resistive touch display panel, an electromagnetic touch display panel, an sonic touch display panel, and a capacitive touch display panel. A touch display panel selected by the group. Since the touch display panels are all known technologies, they are not further described here.
藉由前述所揭露的設計，本發明乃具有以下的優點： With the design disclosed above, the present invention has the following advantages:
1.本發明的觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法係藉由在該休眠模式中將面板之複數個觸控感測接收電極短接，並在一選定的時間片段中進行一休眠模式觸控掃描程序，俾於減少掃描程序時間以達到降低功耗之目的。 1. The sleep mode reduction algorithm of the touch and display drive integrated system of the present invention is to short the plurality of touch sensing receiving electrodes of the panel in the sleep mode, and to select a time segment A sleep mode touch scan process is performed in order to reduce the scan process time to achieve the purpose of reducing power consumption.
2.本發明的觸控與顯示驅動整合系統之休眠模式降低功耗之演算法係藉由在休眠模式中所獲得的第一幀觸控感測原始資料設為一基準值集合，及將後續所獲得的每一幀觸控感測原始資料與該基準值集合進行一減法運算以得到一差值集合，當該差值集合中有一差值大於一預設閥值時，將該休眠模式切換至該正常觸控掃描程序，不須犧牲觸控靈敏度而能快速切換回正常模式。 2. The algorithm for reducing power consumption in the sleep mode of the touch and display drive integration system of the present invention is to use the first frame of touch sensing raw data obtained in the sleep mode as a reference value set, and set the subsequent Each frame of the obtained touch sensing raw data is subjected to a subtraction operation with the reference value set to obtain a difference set. When a difference in the difference set is greater than a preset threshold, the sleep mode is switched. With this normal touch scanning procedure, it is possible to quickly switch back to the normal mode without sacrificing touch sensitivity.
本案所揭示者，乃較佳實施例，舉凡局部之變更或修飾而源於本案之技術思想而為熟習該項技藝之人所易於推知者，俱不脫本案之專利權範疇。 What is disclosed in this case is a preferred embodiment. For example, those who have partial changes or modifications that are derived from the technical ideas of this case and are easily inferred by those skilled in the art, do not depart from the scope of patent rights in this case.
綜上所陳，本案無論就目的、手段與功效，在在顯示其迥異於習知之技術特徵，且其首先發明合於實用，亦在在符合發明之專利要件，懇請 貴審查委員明察，並祈早日賜予專利，俾嘉惠社會，實感德便。 To sum up, regardless of the purpose, method and effect, this case is showing its technical characteristics that are quite different from the conventional ones, and its first invention is practical, and it is also in line with the patent requirements of the invention. Granting patents at an early date will benefit society and feel good.
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