TWI589932B - Collimating lens - Google Patents
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本發明係有關一種準直透鏡(collimating lens),特別是關於一種具繞射透鏡的準直透鏡。The present invention relates to a collimating lens, and more particularly to a collimating lens having a diffractive lens.
準直透鏡為一種光學裝置,用以將光束對準於特定方向,以形成準直光線或平行光線。藉此,光線不會隨著距離而散開,或者至少使得散開程度達到最小。準直透鏡可搭配光源(例如雷射二極體)使用。A collimating lens is an optical device that aligns a light beam in a particular direction to form a collimated or parallel ray. Thereby, the light does not spread out with distance, or at least minimizes the degree of spreading. The collimating lens can be used with a light source such as a laser diode.
傳統準直透鏡通常使用模造玻璃透鏡,使得成本偏高且尺寸較大。此外,傳統準直透鏡具有至少一凸表面,使得準直透鏡的裝配變得困難。Conventional collimating lenses typically use molded glass lenses, resulting in high cost and large size. Furthermore, conventional collimating lenses have at least one convex surface, making assembly of the collimating lens difficult.
因此,亟需提出一種新穎的準直透鏡,以改善傳統準直透鏡的缺點。Therefore, there is a need to propose a novel collimating lens to improve the disadvantages of conventional collimating lenses.
鑑於上述,本發明實施例的目的之一在於提出一種準直透鏡,其具有小型化尺寸及較低成本,且利於準直透鏡的裝配。In view of the above, one of the objects of embodiments of the present invention is to provide a collimating lens that has a miniaturized size and low cost, and facilitates assembly of the collimating lens.
根據本發明實施例,準直透鏡包含至少二透鏡群,每一透鏡群包含一非球面表面。準直透鏡還包含平面繞射透鏡,設於最接近影像平面。在一實施例中,準直透鏡不具有凸面外表面。According to an embodiment of the invention, the collimating lens comprises at least two lens groups, each lens group comprising an aspherical surface. The collimating lens also includes a planar diffractive lens disposed closest to the image plane. In an embodiment, the collimating lens does not have a convex outer surface.
第一A圖顯示本發明第一實施例之準直透鏡100的透鏡排列,第一B圖則例示第一A圖的光線行進圖。第一實施例的準直透鏡100及本說明書當中其他實施例的準直透鏡可使用晶圓級光學(WLO)技術來製造。第一實施例的準直透鏡100及本說明書當中其他實施例的準直透鏡的材質可為透明材質,例如玻璃或塑膠。於圖式中,準直透鏡100的左側面向物件(object),而準直透鏡100的右側面向像面(image plane)。The first A diagram shows the lens arrangement of the collimator lens 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention, and the first B diagram illustrates the ray path diagram of the first A diagram. The collimating lens 100 of the first embodiment and the collimating lens of other embodiments of the present specification can be fabricated using wafer level optical (WLO) technology. The material of the collimating lens 100 of the first embodiment and the collimating lens of other embodiments in the present specification may be a transparent material such as glass or plastic. In the drawing, the left side of the collimator lens 100 faces an object, and the right side of the collimator lens 100 faces an image plane.
在第一實施例中,準直透鏡100從物側至像側依序包含第一透鏡群1、第二透鏡群2及第三透鏡群3。第一透鏡群1從物側至像側依序包含負屈折率(refractive power)第一透鏡11、平面第二透鏡12及正屈折率第三透鏡13。詳而言之,負屈折率第一透鏡11具非球面(aspherical)凹面物側表面s1(其具負曲率半徑)及平面像側表面s2。平面第二透鏡12具平面物側表面s2及平面像側表面s3。正屈折率第三透鏡13具平面物側表面s3及非球面凸面像側表面s4。在本實施例中,負屈折率第一透鏡11實質接觸於平面第二透鏡12,且平面第二透鏡12實質接觸於正屈折率第三透鏡13。In the first embodiment, the collimator lens 100 sequentially includes the first lens group 1, the second lens group 2, and the third lens group 3 from the object side to the image side. The first lens group 1 sequentially includes a negative refractive power first lens 11, a planar second lens 12, and a positive refractive index third lens 13 from the object side to the image side. In detail, the negative refractive index first lens 11 has an aspherical concave side surface s1 (having a negative radius of curvature) and a planar image side surface s2. The planar second lens 12 has a planar object side surface s2 and a planar image side surface s3. The positive refractive index third lens 13 has a planar object side surface s3 and an aspherical convex image side surface s4. In the present embodiment, the negative refractive index first lens 11 is substantially in contact with the planar second lens 12, and the planar second lens 12 is substantially in contact with the positive refractive index third lens 13.
第二透鏡群2從物側至像側依序包含負屈折率第四透鏡14、平面第五透鏡15及正屈折率第六透鏡16。詳而言之,負屈折率第四透鏡14具非球面凹面物側表面s5(其具負曲率半徑)及平面像側表面s6。平面第五透鏡15具平面物側表面s6及平面像側表面s7。正屈折率第六透鏡16具平面物側表面s7及非球面凸面像側表面s8。在本實施例中,負屈折率第四透鏡14實質接觸於平面第五透鏡15,且平面第五透鏡15實質接觸於正屈折率第六透鏡16。The second lens group 2 sequentially includes a negative refractive index fourth lens 14, a planar fifth lens 15, and a positive refractive index sixth lens 16 from the object side to the image side. In detail, the negative refractive index fourth lens 14 has an aspherical concave side surface s5 (having a negative radius of curvature) and a planar image side surface s6. The planar fifth lens 15 has a planar object side surface s6 and a planar image side surface s7. The positive refractive index sixth lens 16 has a planar object side surface s7 and an aspherical convex image side surface s8. In the present embodiment, the negative refractive index fourth lens 14 is substantially in contact with the planar fifth lens 15, and the planar fifth lens 15 is substantially in contact with the positive refractive index sixth lens 16.
第三透鏡群3從物側至像側依序包含正屈折率第七透鏡17、平面第八透鏡18及平面繞射第九透鏡19。詳而言之,正屈折率第七透鏡17具非球面凸面物側表面s9(其具正曲率半徑)及平面像側表面s10。平面第八透鏡18具平面物側表面s10及平面像側表面s11。平面繞射第九透鏡19具平面物側表面s11及平面像側表面s12。在本實施例中,正屈折率第七透鏡17實質接觸於平面第八透鏡18,且平面第八透鏡18實質接觸於平面繞射第九透鏡19。The third lens group 3 sequentially includes a positive refractive index seventh lens 17, a planar eighth lens 18, and a planar diffraction ninth lens 19 from the object side to the image side. In detail, the positive refractive index seventh lens 17 has an aspherical convex side surface s9 (having a positive radius of curvature) and a planar image side surface s10. The planar eighth lens 18 has a planar object side surface s10 and a planar image side surface s11. The planar diffraction ninth lens 19 has a planar object side surface s11 and a planar image side surface s12. In the present embodiment, the positive refractive index seventh lens 17 is substantially in contact with the planar eighth lens 18, and the planar eighth lens 18 is substantially in contact with the planar diffraction ninth lens 19.
一般來說,本實施例之準直透鏡100包含至少二非球面表面,其中之一具正曲率半徑,而另一具負曲率半徑。例如,準直透鏡100包含負曲率半徑之非球面凹面物側表面s1及正曲率半徑之非球面凸面物側表面s9。In general, the collimating lens 100 of the present embodiment includes at least two aspherical surfaces, one of which has a positive radius of curvature and the other of which has a negative radius of curvature. For example, the collimator lens 100 includes an aspherical concave side surface s1 of a negative radius of curvature and an aspherical convex side surface s9 of a positive radius of curvature.
根據本實施例的特徵之一,負屈折率第一透鏡11、正屈折率第三透鏡13、負屈折率第四透鏡14、正屈折率第六透鏡16、正屈折率第七透鏡17及平面繞射第九透鏡19的折射率(refractive index)介於1.5與1.6之間,阿貝數(Abbe number)介於31與48之間。According to one of the features of the embodiment, the negative refractive index first lens 11, the positive refractive index third lens 13, the negative refractive index fourth lens 14, the positive refractive index sixth lens 16, the positive refractive index seventh lens 17, and the plane The refractive index of the ninth lens 19 is between 1.5 and 1.6, and the Abbe number is between 31 and 48.
根據本實施例的另一特徵,平面第二透鏡12、平面第五透鏡15及平面第八透鏡18的折射率介於1.5與1.6之間,阿貝數介於45與65之間。According to another feature of this embodiment, the planar second lens 12, the planar fifth lens 15 and the planar eighth lens 18 have a refractive index between 1.5 and 1.6 and an Abbe number between 45 and 65.
第二A圖顯示本發明第二實施例之準直透鏡200的透鏡排列,第二B圖則例示第二A圖的光線行進圖。The second A diagram shows the lens arrangement of the collimator lens 200 of the second embodiment of the present invention, and the second B diagram illustrates the ray path diagram of the second A diagram.
在第二實施例中,準直透鏡200從物側至像側依序包含第一透鏡群4及第二透鏡群5。第一透鏡群4從物側至像側依序包含平面第一透鏡21及負屈折率第二透鏡22。詳而言之,平面第一透鏡21具平面物側表面t1及平面像側表面t2。負屈折率第二透鏡22具平面物側表面t2及非球面凹面像側表面t3(其具負曲率半徑)。在本實施例中,平面第一透鏡21實質接觸於負屈折率第二透鏡22。In the second embodiment, the collimator lens 200 sequentially includes the first lens group 4 and the second lens group 5 from the object side to the image side. The first lens group 4 sequentially includes a planar first lens 21 and a negative refractive index second lens 22 from the object side to the image side. In detail, the planar first lens 21 has a planar object side surface t1 and a planar image side surface t2. The negative refractive index second lens 22 has a planar object side surface t2 and an aspherical concave image side surface t3 (having a negative radius of curvature). In the present embodiment, the planar first lens 21 is substantially in contact with the negative refractive index second lens 22.
第二透鏡群5從物側至像側依序包含正屈折率第三透鏡23、平面第四透鏡24及平面繞射第五透鏡25。詳而言之,正屈折率第三透鏡23具非球面凸面物側表面t4(其具正曲率半徑)及平面像側表面t5。平面第四透鏡24具平面物側表面t5及平面像側表面t6。平面繞射第五透鏡25具平面物側表面t6及平面像側表面t7。在本實施例中,正屈折率第三透鏡23實質接觸於平面第四透鏡24,且平面第四透鏡24實質接觸於平面繞射第五透鏡25。The second lens group 5 sequentially includes a positive refractive index third lens 23, a planar fourth lens 24, and a planar diffraction fifth lens 25 from the object side to the image side. In detail, the positive refractive index third lens 23 has an aspherical convex side surface t4 (which has a positive radius of curvature) and a planar image side surface t5. The planar fourth lens 24 has a planar object side surface t5 and a planar image side surface t6. The planar diffraction fifth lens 25 has a planar object side surface t6 and a planar image side surface t7. In the present embodiment, the positive refractive index third lens 23 is substantially in contact with the planar fourth lens 24, and the planar fourth lens 24 is substantially in contact with the planar diffraction fifth lens 25.
第二實施例之準直透鏡200還包含環狀間隔件(ring spacer)26,設於第一透鏡群4與第二透鏡群5之間,並與其邊緣接觸,用以耦接第一透鏡群4與第二透鏡群5。The collimating lens 200 of the second embodiment further includes a ring spacer 26 disposed between the first lens group 4 and the second lens group 5 and in contact with the edge thereof for coupling the first lens group 4 and the second lens group 5.
一般來說,本實施例之準直透鏡200包含至少二非球面表面,其中之一具正曲率半徑,而另一具負曲率半徑。例如,準直透鏡200包含負曲率半徑之非球面凹面像側表面t3及正曲率半徑之非球面凸面物側表面t4。In general, the collimating lens 200 of the present embodiment includes at least two aspherical surfaces, one of which has a positive radius of curvature and the other of which has a negative radius of curvature. For example, the collimator lens 200 includes an aspherical concave image side surface t3 having a negative radius of curvature and an aspherical convex side surface t4 having a positive radius of curvature.
根據本實施例的特徵之一,負屈折率第二透鏡22、正屈折率第三透鏡23及平面繞射第五透鏡25的折射率介於1.5與1.6之間,阿貝數介於31與48之間。According to one of the features of the embodiment, the negative refractive index second lens 22, the positive refractive index third lens 23, and the planar diffraction fifth lens 25 have a refractive index between 1.5 and 1.6, and the Abbe number is between 31 and Between 48.
根據本實施例的另一特徵,平面第一透鏡21及平面第四透鏡24的折射率介於1.5與1.6之間,阿貝數介於45與65之間。According to another feature of this embodiment, the planar first lens 21 and the planar fourth lens 24 have a refractive index between 1.5 and 1.6 and an Abbe number between 45 and 65.
第三A圖顯示本發明第三實施例之準直透鏡300的透鏡排列,第三B圖則例示第三A圖的光線行進圖。The third A diagram shows the lens arrangement of the collimator lens 300 of the third embodiment of the present invention, and the third B diagram illustrates the ray path diagram of the third A diagram.
在第三實施例中,準直透鏡300從物側至像側依序包含第一透鏡群6及第二透鏡群7。第一透鏡群6從物側至像側依序包含平面第一透鏡31及正屈折率第二透鏡32。詳而言之,平面第一透鏡31具平面物側表面m1及平面像側表面m2。正屈折率第二透鏡32具平面物側表面m2及非球面凸面像側表面m3(其具正曲率半徑)。在本實施例中,平面第一透鏡31實質接觸於正屈折率第二透鏡32。In the third embodiment, the collimator lens 300 sequentially includes the first lens group 6 and the second lens group 7 from the object side to the image side. The first lens group 6 sequentially includes a planar first lens 31 and a positive refractive index second lens 32 from the object side to the image side. In detail, the planar first lens 31 has a planar object side surface m1 and a planar image side surface m2. The positive refractive index second lens 32 has a planar object side surface m2 and an aspherical convex image side surface m3 (having a positive radius of curvature). In the present embodiment, the planar first lens 31 is substantially in contact with the positive refractive index second lens 32.
第二透鏡群7從物側至像側依序包含正屈折率第三透鏡33、平面第四透鏡34及平面繞射第五透鏡35。詳而言之,正屈折率第三透鏡33具非球面凸面物側表面m4(其具正曲率半徑)及平面像側表面m5。平面第四透鏡34具平面物側表面m5及平面像側表面m6。平面繞射第五透鏡35具平面物側表面m6及平面像側表面m7。在本實施例中,正屈折率第三透鏡33實質接觸於平面第四透鏡34,且平面第四透鏡34實質接觸於平面繞射第五透鏡35。The second lens group 7 sequentially includes a positive refractive index third lens 33, a planar fourth lens 34, and a planar diffraction fifth lens 35 from the object side to the image side. In detail, the positive refractive index third lens 33 has an aspherical convex side surface m4 (having a positive radius of curvature) and a planar image side surface m5. The planar fourth lens 34 has a planar object side surface m5 and a planar image side surface m6. The planar diffraction fifth lens 35 has a planar object side surface m6 and a planar image side surface m7. In the present embodiment, the positive refractive index third lens 33 is substantially in contact with the planar fourth lens 34, and the planar fourth lens 34 is substantially in contact with the planar diffraction fifth lens 35.
第三實施例之準直透鏡300還包含環狀間隔件36,設於第一透鏡群6與第二透鏡群7之間,並與其接觸,用以耦接第一透鏡群6與第二透鏡群7。The collimating lens 300 of the third embodiment further includes an annular spacer 36 disposed between the first lens group 6 and the second lens group 7 and in contact therewith for coupling the first lens group 6 and the second lens Group 7.
一般來說,本實施例之準直透鏡300包含至少二非球面表面。例如,準直透鏡300包含非球面凸面像側表面m3及非球面凸面物側表面m4。In general, the collimating lens 300 of the present embodiment includes at least two aspherical surfaces. For example, the collimator lens 300 includes an aspherical convex image side surface m3 and an aspherical convex surface side surface m4.
根據本實施例的特徵之一,正屈折率第二透鏡32、正屈折率第三透鏡33及平面繞射第五透鏡35的折射率介於1.5與1.6之間,阿貝數介於31與48之間。According to one of the features of the embodiment, the positive refractive index second lens 32, the positive refractive index third lens 33, and the planar diffraction fifth lens 35 have a refractive index between 1.5 and 1.6, and the Abbe number is between 31 and Between 48.
根據本實施例的另一特徵,平面第一透鏡31及平面第四透鏡34的折射率介於1.5與1.6之間,阿貝數介於45與65之間。According to another feature of this embodiment, the planar first lens 31 and the planar fourth lens 34 have a refractive index between 1.5 and 1.6 and an Abbe number between 45 and 65.
根據上述實施例,使用晶圓級光學技術以製造準直透鏡,不但可降低成本且能降低尺寸。此外,上述實施例的準直透鏡不具有凸面外表面,有利於準直透鏡的裝配。According to the above embodiment, wafer level optical technology is used to fabricate a collimating lens, which not only reduces cost but also reduces size. Furthermore, the collimating lens of the above embodiment does not have a convex outer surface, which facilitates the assembly of the collimating lens.
再者,由於平面繞射透鏡(19、25或35)具有平面像側表面(s12、t7或m7),因此可於該表面直接形成繞射光學元件(diffraction optical elements, DOEs)圖樣,得以減少傳統方法所需的額外玻璃,因而降低準直透鏡的尺寸。Furthermore, since the planar diffractive lens (19, 25 or 35) has a planar image side surface (s12, t7 or m7), a diffraction optical element (DOE) pattern can be directly formed on the surface to be reduced. The extra glass required by conventional methods, thus reducing the size of the collimating lens.
非球面(例如s1、s4、s5、s8、s9、t3、t4、m3或m4)可由以下方程式定義: 其中,z為光軸方向上自鏡頭頂點的距離,r為垂直於光軸方向的距離,c為透鏡頂點之曲率半徑的倒數,k為二次曲線常數(conic constant),α 1至α 8為非球面係數(aspheric coefficient)。 An aspheric surface (eg, s1, s4, s5, s8, s9, t3, t4, m3, or m4) can be defined by the following equation: Where z is the distance from the apex of the lens in the direction of the optical axis, r is the distance perpendicular to the optical axis, c is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature of the apex of the lens, k is the conic constant, α 1 to α 8 It is an aspheric coefficient.
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,並非用以限定本發明之申請專利範圍;凡其它未脫離發明所揭示之精神下所完成之等效改變或修飾,均應包含在下述之申請專利範圍內。The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; all other equivalent changes or modifications which are not departing from the spirit of the invention should be included in the following Within the scope of the patent application.
100 準直透鏡 200 準直透鏡 300 準直透鏡 1 第一透鏡群 2 第二透鏡群 3 第三透鏡群 4 第一透鏡群 5 第二透鏡群 6 第一透鏡群 7 第二透鏡群 11 負屈折率第一透鏡 12 平面第二透鏡 13 正屈折率第三透鏡 14 負屈折率第四透鏡 15 平面第五透鏡 16 正屈折率第六透鏡 17 正屈折率第七透鏡 18 平面第八透鏡 19 平面繞射第九透鏡 21 平面第一透鏡 22 負屈折率第二透鏡 23 正屈折率第三透鏡 24 平面第四透鏡 25 平面繞射第五透鏡 26 環狀間隔件 31 平面第一透鏡 32 正屈折率第二透鏡 33 正屈折率第三透鏡 34 平面第四透鏡 35 平面繞射第五透鏡 36 環狀間隔件 s1 非球面凹面物側表面 s2 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s3 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s4 非球面凸面像側表面 s5 非球面凹面物側表面 s6 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s7 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s8 非球面凸面像側表面 s9 非球面凸面物側表面 s10 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s11 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s12 平面像側表面 t1 平面物側表面 t2 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 t3 非球面凹面像側表面 t4 非球面凸面物側表面 t5 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 t6 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 t7 平面像側表面 m1 平面物側表面 m2 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 m3 非球面凸面像側表面 m4 非球面凸面物側表面 m5 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 m6 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 m7 平面像側表面100 collimating lens 200 collimating lens 300 collimating lens 1 first lens group 2 second lens group 3 third lens group 4 first lens group 5 second lens group 6 first lens group 7 second lens group 11 negative inflection Rate first lens 12 plane second lens 13 positive refractive index third lens 14 negative refractive index fourth lens 15 plane fifth lens 16 positive refractive index sixth lens 17 positive refractive index seventh lens 18 plane eighth lens 19 Plane diffraction ninth lens 21 plane first lens 22 negative refractive index second lens 23 positive refractive index third lens 24 plane fourth lens 25 plane diffraction fifth lens 26 annular spacer 31 plane first lens 32 positive inflection Rate second lens 33 positive refractive index third lens 34 plane fourth lens 35 plane diffraction fifth lens 36 annular spacer s1 aspherical concave side surface s2 plane image side surface / plane object side surface s3 plane image side surface /planar side surface s4 aspherical convex image side surface s5 Aspherical concave side surface s6 Flat image side surface/planar side surface s7 Planar image side surface/planar side surface s8 Aspherical convex image side surface s9 Aspherical convex side surface s10 Planar image side surface / Plane side surface S11 plane image side surface/plane object side surface s12 plane image side surface t1 plane object side surface t2 plane image side surface / plane object side surface t3 aspherical concave image side surface t4 aspherical convex side surface t5 plane image side surface / Plane side surface t6 plane image side surface / plane object side surface t7 plane image side surface m1 Plane side surface m2 Plane image side surface/plane object side surface m3 Aspherical convex image side surface m4 Aspherical convex surface side surface m5 Planar image side surface / Plane side surface m6 Planar image side surface / Plane side surface m7 Plane Image side surface
第一A圖顯示本發明第一實施例之準直透鏡的透鏡排列。第一B圖例示第一A圖的光線行進圖。 第二A圖顯示本發明第二實施例之準直透鏡的透鏡排列。第二B圖例示第二A圖的光線行進圖。 第三A圖顯示本發明第三實施例之準直透鏡的透鏡排列。第三B圖例示第三A圖的光線行進圖。The first A diagram shows the lens arrangement of the collimating lens of the first embodiment of the present invention. The first B diagram illustrates the ray travel diagram of the first A diagram. Figure 2A shows the lens arrangement of the collimating lens of the second embodiment of the present invention. The second B diagram illustrates the ray travel diagram of the second A diagram. Figure 3A shows the lens arrangement of the collimating lens of the third embodiment of the present invention. The third B diagram illustrates the ray travel diagram of the third A diagram.
100 準直透鏡 1 第一透鏡群 2 第二透鏡群 3 第三透鏡群 11 負屈折率第一透鏡 12 平面第二透鏡 13 正屈折率第三透鏡 14 負屈折率第四透鏡 15 平面第五透鏡 16 正屈折率第六透鏡 17 正屈折率第七透鏡 18 平面第八透鏡 19 平面繞射第九透鏡 s1 非球面凹面物側表面 s2 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s3 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s4 非球面凸面像側表面 s5 非球面凹面物側表面 s6 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s7 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s8 非球面凸面像側表面 s9 非球面凸面物側表面 s10 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s11 平面像側表面/平面物側表面 s12 平面像側表面100 collimating lens 1 first lens group 2 second lens group 3 third lens group 11 negative refractive index first lens 12 plane second lens 13 positive refractive index third lens 14 negative refractive index fourth lens 15 plane fifth lens 16 positive refractive index sixth lens 17 positive refractive index seventh lens 18 plane eighth lens 19 plane diffraction ninth lens s1 aspherical concave side surface s2 plane image side surface / plane object side surface s3 plane image side surface / plane Object side surface s4 aspherical convex image side surface s 5 aspheric concave side surface s6 plane image side surface / plane object side surface s7 plane image side surface / plane object side surface s8 aspherical convex image side surface s9 aspherical convex surface side s10 plane image side surface / plane object side Surface s11 plane image side surface / plane object side surface s12 plane image side surface
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