TWI522457B - 固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液 - Google Patents
固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於一種固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,詳細而言,係關於一種於藉由固定研磨粒細線切割器對矽晶圓進行切斷加工時所使用之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液。
為實現矽晶圓之製造成本之降低,重要的是提高矽晶圓之切斷加工技術。於矽晶圓之加工中,雖利用游離研磨粒方式之細線切割器所進行之切斷為主流,但於游離研磨粒方式之加工中,存在以下各種問題。
指出有以下等負面效果之問題:(1)因使用於油劑中分散有研磨粒之漿料作為加工液,故游離研磨粒與切屑之分離較為困難。(2)細線行走速度有限制,且於加工效率之提高方面有極限。(3)為減少截口損失(kerf loss)而使細線細線化之情形時,加工中發生斷線,良率降低。(4)為減少截口損失而使研磨粒微粒化之情形時,漿料黏度上升,使截口損失增多。
對於此種問題,最近開發有於鋼琴線等細線表面,藉由電鍍或樹脂黏合劑等而固定有金剛石研磨粒之固定研磨粒細線切割器(專利文獻1)。使用固定研磨粒細線切割器加工脆性材料之情形時,以潤滑、冷卻、所產生之切屑之分散為目的而使用加工液。作為該加工液,若亦結合易燃性之問題等考慮,則較佳為使用水溶性加工液。然而,於被切材料為矽之情形時,與一般材料相比,切屑與加工液之反應性較高,矽屑(切屑)與加工液中之水分或鹼起反應而產生氫,有易燃之虞。因此,理想的是與矽之反應性得到抑制之加工液,自就此觀點而言,提出有如專利文獻2所示之加工液。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特願2001-054850
[專利文獻2]日本專利特願2003-082334
然而,已知近年來藉由提高加工精度,而使切屑變細,如專利文獻2所示之加工液無法得到充分之穩定性。尤其是已知混入有切屑之加工液之黏度上升而產生各種問題。又,於大量地含有水分且pH為鹼性之加工液之情形時,不僅存在產生氫之問題,而且存在產生增黏、凝膠化之問題。
加工液之增黏、凝膠化產生下述問題:
(1)由細線所帶入之導入油量發生變化,厚度不均變大(產品品質之劣化)。
(2)產生細線滑動,細線發生斷線(良率之降低)。
(3)下一步驟中之清潔變得困難(晶圓間之切屑、油劑之除去困難)。
(4)油劑之壽命較短而更換液量增加(成本增加)。
因此,於本發明中,其課題在於提供一種固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其可抑制混入有切屑之加工液之增黏,抑制加工液與切屑之反應而可抑制氫之產生,進而可抑制加工液之增黏、凝膠化。
本發明者等人為解決上述問題而進行努力研究,發現以下之事項:
(1)由Si切屑之混入所致之黏度上升係由於混入之Si切屑係微粉,又Si切屑之分散性差所致。
(2)上述黏度之上升可藉由使加工液中含有既定之水溶性高分子來提高Si切屑之分散性而解決。
(3)於加工液中含有Si切屑之情形時,存在Si切屑與加工液反應而產生氫之情形。
(4)於大量地含有水分之加工液之情形時,因含有Si切屑,故存在產生增黏、凝膠化之情形。
(5)上述(3)及(4)之問題可藉由使加工液中含有既定之水溶性高分子而解決。
本發明者等人針對上述問題進行努力研究,從而完成以下發明。
第1本發明係一種固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液(以下有時稱為「本發明之加工液」),其含有:(A)自聚乙烯吡咯啶酮及包含乙烯基吡咯啶酮之共聚合物中選擇之至少一種以上之水溶性高分子、及(B)水。
本發明之加工液藉由含有既定之水溶性高分子作為(A)成分,而於加工液中含有矽粉之情形時,可提高矽粉之分散性,可抑制含有矽粉之加工液之黏度上升。又,可抑制加工液與矽粉反應而產生氫,同時可抑制含有矽粉之加工液之增黏、凝膠化。
於第1本發明中,較佳為上述(A)成分之重量平均分子量為2,000~1,000,000。
於第1本發明中,較佳為將固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液整體之質量設為100質量%,上述(A)成分之含量設為0.02質量%以上7質量%以下。
第1本發明之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,較佳為其更含有(C)多元羧酸之鹼金屬鹽(alkali salt)。較佳為將固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液整體之質量設為100質量%,則上述(C)成分之含量為0.01質量%以上10質量%以下。本發明之加工液藉由含有多元羧酸之鹼金屬鹽作為(C)成分,而容易賦予分散性、洗淨性、耐腐蝕性。
第1本發明之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,較佳為其更含有(D)自二醇類、二醇醚類及聚氧伸烷二醇類所組成之群組中選擇之一種以上。較佳為將固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液整體之質量設為100質量%,上述(D)成分之含量為0.1質量%以上95質量%以下。
第1本發明之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液之黏度,較佳為於25℃為50 mPa‧s以下。若加工液本身之黏度較高,則含有矽粉之加工液之黏度進一步變高。因此,較佳為加工液本身之黏度為既定之值以下。
於第1本發明之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液中添加10質量%之平均粒徑1.5 μm之矽粉並攪拌而形成之加工液(模擬使用液)之黏度,較佳為於25℃為100 mPa‧s以下。若含有既定之矽粉之模擬使用液之黏度較高,則有產生上述課題之欄中所揭示之各種問題之虞。
藉由本發明之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,因含有既定之水溶性高分子,故於該加工液含有作為矽切屑之矽粉之情形時,可使該矽粉分散於加工液中。因此,可抑制含有矽粉之加工液之黏度上升。又,本發明之加工液因含有既定之水溶性高分子,故可抑制矽粉與加工液反應而產生氫,又可抑制含有矽粉之加工液之增黏、凝膠化。
本發明之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液含有:(A)自聚乙烯吡咯啶酮及包含乙烯基吡咯啶酮之共聚合物中選擇之至少一種以上之水溶性高分子、及(B)水。
本發明之加工液含有自聚乙烯吡咯啶酮及包含乙烯基吡咯啶酮之共聚合物中選擇之至少一種以上之水溶性高分子作為(A)成分。藉由使加工液中含有該水溶性高分子,可於含有矽粉而成之加工液中提高該矽粉之分散性。因此,可抑制含有矽粉而成之加工液之黏度之上升。又,可抑制矽粉與加工液之反應,而於含有矽粉而成之加工液中抑制氫產生。進而可抑制含有矽粉而成之加工液之增黏、凝膠化。
利用凝膠滲透色譜法/多角度雷射光散射檢測器法所得之(A)成分之水溶性高分子之重量平均分子量下限較佳為2,000以上、更佳為8,000以上;上限較佳為1,000,000以下、更佳為700,000以下,進而較佳為500,000以下。若超出該範圍而分子量過小,則有不會表現出加入(A)成分之效果之虞,相反,若分子量過大,則有凝聚或加工液之黏度過高之虞。
將固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液整體之質量設為基準(100質量%),則(A)成分之含量之下限較佳為0.02質量%以上,更佳為0.05質量%以上,進而較佳為0.2質量%以上;上限較佳為7質量%以下,更佳為5質量%以下,進而較佳為3質量%以下。若超出該範圍而(A)成分之含量過少,則有增黏之抑制效果、氫產生之抑制效果變得不充分之虞。相反,若過多則有加工液之黏度變得過高之虞。
(A)成分之水溶性高分子係聚乙烯吡咯啶酮或包含乙烯基吡咯啶酮之共聚合物,該等亦可混合兩種以上使用。包含乙烯基吡咯啶酮之共聚合物之乙烯基吡咯啶酮單元之比率,以共聚合物整體為基準,較佳為60莫耳%以上。作為與乙烯基吡咯啶酮共聚合之單體,可舉出乙酸乙烯酯。
本發明之加工液亦可更含有多元羧酸之鹼金屬鹽作為(C)成分。藉由添加(C)成分並調整其添加量,而有所謂賦予分散性、洗淨性、耐腐蝕性之效果。
作為多元羧酸,可舉出:己二酸、草酸、十二烷二酸、檸檬酸、蘋果酸等。作為鹼,可舉出:氫氧化鉀、氫氧化鈉等鹼金屬之氫氧化物;三乙醇胺、三異丙醇胺、乙二胺、N-(2-胺基乙基)-2-胺基乙醇等胺。
將本發明之加工液整體之質量作為基準(100質量%),則(C)成分之含量之下限較佳為0.01質量%以上,更佳為0.1質量%以上;上限較佳為10質量%以下,更佳為2質量%以下,進而較佳為1質量%以下。若非上述範圍,(C)成分之含量過少則難以發揮添加(C)成分之效果,相反,若過多則有增黏、凝膠化或自原液之析出之虞。
本發明之加工液亦可更含有自二醇類、二醇醚類及聚氧伸烷二醇類所組成之群組中選擇之一種以上作為(D)成分。藉由含有(D)成分,而有所謂賦予潤滑性、濕潤性之效果。
作為二醇類,可舉出:丙二醇、二乙二醇、乙二醇、丁二醇等。作為二醇醚類,可舉出上述二醇類之烷基醚。作為烷基,可舉出:甲基、乙基、丁基等。再者,二醇類之羥基之一部分亦有成為烷基醚,亦可全部成為烷基醚。作為二醇醚類之具體例,可舉出:二乙二醇單乙醚、二乙二醇二乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚等。
作為聚氧伸烷二醇類,可舉出:聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚氧乙烯與聚氧丙烯之共聚合物等,較佳為使用重量平均分子量(使用凝膠滲透色譜法之聚苯乙烯換算)為10000以下、較佳為5000以下、進而較佳為400以下者。
將本發明之加工液整體之質量作為基準(100質量%),則(D)成分之含量為之下限較佳為0.1質量%以上、更佳為0.5質量%以上,進而較佳為1質量%以上、進而較佳為3質量%以上,特佳為10質量%以上;上限較佳為95質量%以下,更佳為90質量%以下,進而較佳為80質量%以下。若非上述範圍,(D)成分之含量過少則不會表現出加入(D)成分之效果,相反,若(D)成分之含量過大則有冷卻性下降之虞。
本發明之加工液含有上述(A)成分,視情況更含有(C)成分及(D)成分,剩餘部分(B)為水。水可為蒸餾水、自來水等,其種類無特別限定。再者,於(B)水之含量較多之加工液中,含有矽粉之加工液易增黏、凝膠化。相對於此,於本發明之加工液中,即便於水之含量較多之組成,例如以加工液整體之質量作為基準,水為90質量%以上之組成,亦可抑制含有矽粉之加工液之增黏、凝膠化。
本發明之加工液之黏度於25℃為50 mPa‧s以下,較佳為25 mPa‧s以下,更佳為20 mPa‧s以下。又,於本發明之加工液中分散有既定之矽粉之加工液(模擬使用液)之黏度於25℃為100 mPa‧s以下,較佳為55 mPa‧s以下、更佳為50 mPa‧s以下、進而較佳為45 mPa‧s以下。該模擬使用液之黏度係針對在本發明之加工液中添加10質量%之矽粉(粒徑:1.5 μm)攪拌混合後,放入不鏽鋼鋼球(直徑2 mm),以1000 rpm攪拌10小時,且過濾分離該不鏽鋼鋼球所得之模擬使用液而測定者。若上述加工液自身之黏度過高,則含有矽粉之模擬使用液之黏度亦必然變高。又,若模擬使用液之黏度過高,則有產生上述課題之欄中所述之各種問題之虞。再者,加工液及模擬使用液之黏度可利用布氏黏度計(Brookfield viscometer)測定。
加工液之pH較佳為5.0以上9.0以下。於加工液之pH值過低之情形時,有產生該加工液所接觸之鐵材或細線的腐蝕之虞,相反,於加工液之pH過高之情形時,有加工液與矽粉反應而產生氫之虞。雖本發明之加工液亦可稀釋於水中使用,但該情形時,較佳為稀釋後之加工液之pH亦為上述範圍。
以成為表1~3所示之組成之方式,製作本發明之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液(實施例1~13)及本發明以外之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液(實施例1~5)。測定所製作之加工液之pH,同時利用布氏黏度計測定其於25℃之黏度。
進而,於各加工液中添加10質量%之矽粉(平均粒徑:1.5 μm),攪拌混合後,放入不鏽鋼鋼球(直徑2 mm),以1000 rpm攪拌10小時而形成模擬使用液。自該模擬使用液中,用金屬絲網(50目)過濾分離不鏽鋼鋼球後,利用布氏黏度計測定該模擬使用液之黏度(mPa‧s、25℃)。又,將10 ml模擬使用液之黏度加熱至50℃,測定30分鐘所產生之氫量(ml)。
再者,聚乙烯吡咯啶酮(PVP)之重量平均分子量PVP K-15為9700,PVP K-30為70000,PVP K-60為400000。又,PVP/VA係乙烯基吡咯啶酮與乙酸乙烯酯之共聚合物,重量平均分子量為32,000,共聚合物中之乙烯基吡咯啶酮之比率為70莫耳%。
於比較例之加工液中,模擬使用液黏度皆上升,且超過55 mPa‧s。相對於此,本發明之加工液(實施例1~13)即便於模擬使用液中,黏度變化亦較小,皆為45 mPa‧s以下。
實施例1~3、比較例1、2係將原液稀釋10倍者。因此,原液之組成中各化合物為10倍量。
組I為實施例1~6及比較例1~3,係水分量較多之加工液之例。於比較例之加工液中,水分量之較多之組成(比較例1~3)皆增黏、凝膠化,但添加有PVP之本發明之加工液(實施例1~6)無凝膠化,幾乎未增黏。
又,關於氫產生量,相對於在實施例1~6中氫產生量為5 ml以下,於比較例1~3中氫產生量為15 ml以上,非常多。
組Ⅱ為實施例7~12及比較例4,係統一(C)成分及(D)成分之種類及量而改變(A)成分者。藉此,顯示出各種聚乙烯吡咯啶酮(PVP)、乙烯基吡咯啶酮/乙酸乙烯酯之共聚合物(PVP/VA)之增黏抑制效果。
又,關於氫產生量,若比較實施例7~12與比較例4,則包含聚乙烯吡咯啶酮等之本發明之加工液之氫產生量較少。
組Ⅲ為實施例13及比較例5,係包含與組Ⅰ、組Ⅱ不同之(D)成分者。藉此,不論(D)成分之種類而顯示出聚乙烯吡咯啶酮(PVP)之增黏抑制效果。
又,若比較實施例13與比較例5,則包含聚乙烯吡咯啶酮之實施例13之氫產生量較少。
由以上內容顯示出,含有聚乙烯吡咯啶酮及包含乙烯基吡咯啶酮之共聚合物之本發明之加工液,於分散有矽粉之模擬使用液中,有抑制黏度上升,同時抑制氫產生之效果。
以上,聯繫目前被認為最具實踐性且最佳之實施形態對本發明進行了說明,但本發明並不限定於本案說明書中所揭示之實施形態,可在不違背自申請專利範圍及說明書整體所理解之發明之主旨或思想之範圍內進行適當變更,伴隨此種變更之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液亦必須理解為包含於本發明之技術範圍內者。
本發明之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液可於使用固定研磨粒細線切割器切斷矽晶圓時使用。
Claims (9)
- 一種固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其含有:(A)自聚乙烯吡咯啶酮及包含乙烯基吡咯啶酮之共聚合物中選擇之至少一種以上之水溶性高分子、(B)水及(C)多元羧酸之鹼金屬鹽(alkali salt)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其中,上述(A)成分之重量平均分子量為2,000~1,000,000。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其中,將固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液整體之質量設為100質量%,上述(A)成分之含量為0.02質量%以上7質量%以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其中,將固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液整體之質量設為100質量%,上述(A)成分之含量為0.02質量%以上7質量%以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其中,將固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液整體之質量設為100質量%,上述(C)成分之含量為0.01質量%以上10質量%以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其中,進一步含有(D)自二醇類、 二醇醚類及聚氧伸烷二醇類所組成之群組中選擇之一種以上。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其中,將固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液整體之質量設為100質量%,上述(D)成分之含量為0.1質量%以上95質量%以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其中,加工液之黏度於25℃下為50mPa.s以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項之固定研磨粒細線切割器用水溶性加工液,其中,於上述加工液中添加10質量%之平均粒徑1.5μm之矽粉並攪拌而形成之模擬使用液之黏度,於25℃下為100mPa.s以下。
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JP6039935B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-12-07 | 出光興産株式会社 | 水性加工液 |
JP6819619B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-22 | 2021-01-27 | 信越半導体株式会社 | ワーク切断方法及びワイヤソー |
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JP2001138205A (ja) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-05-22 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | 希土類合金の切断方法および切断装置 |
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