TWI345641B - A method and system for locating a mobile radio receiver in a radio system with multiple transmitters - Google Patents

Description

1345641 发明, DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a multi-transmitter radio system, and more particularly to positioning in a system having a plurality of transmitting stations each located in a different geographic location The location of a mobile radio receiver to provide adequate radio coverage for the area concerned. [Prior Art] Using a plurality of transmissions to locate a radio system uses different techniques to measure the characteristics of the received signal in order to find the position of the receiver. These techniques are characterized by a time reference, a phase reference or a spatial reference' or a combination of these three types of techniques. In a time reference system, for example, the L〇ran-based radio transmission established by the US Haiphong Agency takes the form of radio pulses, which can accurately measure the arrival of the radio pulses to the special type of receiver of the mobile receiver, which can decide from In the system, a mother transmitter receives a time difference between pulses. This information definition - a curve connecting equal time difference points, and the receiver must be on the curve. Similar measurements are made by the receiver, and the intersection of the curves by the __ step determines the position of the receiver as the intersection of the curves that best satisfies all the measured time differences. The extended form of this system is the Global Positioning System (GPS), which is used from . . A satellite transmission that synchronizes and also transmits its position to the receiver: an apostrophe that measures the arrival time of a defined point in the stream received from each satellite with reference to its internal time source . Each measurement defines a sphere on which the receiver must be located and fixes the radius of the sphere from the time of flight of the satellite by radio frequency 90960.doc 1345641. Similar measurements can be made using different satellites in different locations to create multiple intersecting spheres. By solving the distance from the satellite and the simultaneous equations of (4) and (4) of the && device, the position of the receiving state can be determined to best satisfy the spherical intersection of all measured time delays and receiver clock offsets. The system using the phase (four) quantity τ includes the Decca navigation system and the addition system. The mobile receiver measures the relative phase of the signals received from the particular transmitters with phase-synchronized emissions, or the internal phase: the relative phase between each other. # Determine the receiver position consistent with the group-specific phase measurement by knowing the position of the transmitter and the predicted phase received at all points in the culvert area. All of the above systems require a proprietary and expensive transmitter system with a specialized receiver. ^ A prior art method, such as US_5859612_A, uses the transmitted signal to receive, -direct, and f. This point has been applied to the use of a identifiable modulated beam, -X, 同步 to scan a defined area from [the starting start bit i and the start time. By knowing when the beam begins its scan and the time it has been received, the position of the receiver can be determined to be on the radial line from the direction of the thirst. A similar reception from multiple sources can be used to fix the two-dimensional position of the receiver by determining points that are simultaneously optimally full and radial line orientation. The space of the radio transmission from the narrow emission pattern of the solid antenna can also be used to determine the position of the receiver. By knowing that the ... direction pattern is received, the position of the receiver within a sector centered on the 90960.doc 1345641 can be determined. Receiving a narrow beam from the multi-overlapping emitter pattern can similarly fix the receiver spatially by searching for points that best satisfy all of the beam directions leading to the transmitting station. The above systems also require dedicated transmitters, but these receivers are usually browned to the specific area in question. As the beam width increases the receiver's precise orientation, the accuracy of the system decreases rapidly. The receiver is typically less specialized than a time or phase measurement receiver and can share its positioning capabilities with other functions such as weather forecast reception. The last method described above using an directional pattern of emissions from a fixed base transmitter station can be applied to a digital radio cellular system. In such systems, services are provided for areas to be covered by the communication service by a plurality of fixed transmitting and receiving stations (usually co-located). The area covered by a single fixed transmitter point on one of its directional antenna patterns is referred to as a sector or a unit. All combinations of unit locations have been designed such that a large number of mobile transmitters and receivers in a large geographic area are in continuous communication, and at least one of these fixed transmitter-receivers (servo base stations) acts as a mobile station Move in any direction. The fixed transmitter-receiver in this system is commonly referred to as a base station, and the mobile receiver can receive transmissions from adjacent base stations because its antenna pattern overlaps the antenna pattern of the servo base station. In any particular situation, when the receiver moves relative to the fixed network, the base station that the mobile receiver uses to connect to the underlying service network changes. This procedure is called handover, which ensures that the traffic of the mobile receiver is smoothly transmitted from one base station to another, so that no delay occurs in the service. In order to implement the handover procedure, the cellular mobile receiver receives the transmission from a plurality of base stations connected to 90960.doc 1345641. Related art shows how such transmissions based on telecommunications purposes can also be used by a mobile receiver or in a processing device in communication with the receiver to calculate the location of the receiver. These prior art methods and their disadvantages are now described. As described in US-6108553-A, the mobile receiver can measure the relative time delay between receiving and transmitting two signals from the time synchronization base station. These measurements form a set of intersecting hyperbola when taken from pairs of different base stations. The point at which the intersection of all of these curves is best satisfied predicts the position of the receiver. The tracing receiver can also measure the signals received from each base station with reference to its internal clock, see for example w〇 97/11384 or 〇99/2_. This reception time can then be combined with measurements made by other external measurement receivers in the network for the same transmission. The combined measurement information can then be combined into a handset or other generalized computing component to provide a set of intersecting circles of =. The location of the phone can be calculated to be at the intersection of the circle. ° For the foregoing techniques, additional equipment needs to be installed and maintained at the receiver in the network to achieve timing measurements and the normal communication capabilities of the handset must also be modified for additional timing measurements. The prior art described in US-5293642-A also describes a position estimation technique using the spatial characteristics of radio waves applied in a cellular system. In such systems the base station receiver measures the radio propagation parameters of the signals transmitted by the mobile station transmitters. These parameters may include signal strength and line material: then using the parameters and knowledge of the base station antenna pattern to derive - The probability density function of the mobile receiver (providing the predicted signal strength of any position from 90960.doc 1345641 for each base station. By combining this probability density function with a similar probability density function (centered on other base stations) The maximum value of the joint σ probability and the degree function ♦ can be derived, which can be interpreted as the maximum possible position of the mobile station. The auxiliary receiver is in other advanced technologies, such as US-5613205-A,

The relative signal strength of the control signals received from the plurality of base stations, and then the system can calculate the transmit power, the received power, and the radio from each base station to the mobile receiver between the receiver and each base station The distance of the k-th attenuation factor in the path is a functional relationship. It also shows the simpler system used to locate the mobile receiver. One of these systems uses the center of mass of the ship unit as the location of the phone. Another system lists the signal strength of adjacent cells and uses the centroid of the cell with the largest signal level as the best indication of the receiver position, as described in w〇 98/35524.

These particular prior art systems and methods are not reliable for estimating the position because the center of the servo unit may not be the closest receiver position, and the single 2: shape is uncertain and will encounter an abnormal propagation condition. The signal level measurement of a single-base signal may also be erroneous for similar reasons. The second-class technology suffers from the highly unpredictable nature of the radio propagation path and the inaccuracy of the digital wind model. In particular, the estimated power level: often does not meet the simple Gaussian distribution, especially when multipath attenuation is used, by (4) - the action of calibrating the position and signal strength (4), and the network can be determined in advance The actual power received at several locations. Wonderfully, it is very expensive to make such measurements and ... 玖 . 丨 α α 业 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在90960.doc 1345641 The present invention is designed to overcome many of the deficiencies of the prior art systems described above. In particular, the position of the mobile receiver in a communication network can be determined with relatively high accuracy using only the measurements made by the receiver, without

Additional equipment is provided in the network' and periodic calibration of signal reception is not required. X [Summary] According to the present invention, a method for determining one or a multi-dimensional position of a mobile receiver in a radio system including one of the transmitters whose position is known is included. The method comprises the following steps: a Compiling a list of signals detected by the receiver; b) transmitting the list to a computing device; c) constructing a position function relating to the probability that the receiver is at a given location, the position function having Each component of the list corresponds to a component, each component including a predetermined probability function depending on the location of the mobile receiver; and the location is defined as the location of the mobile receiver. The receiver's detection of the signal may include receiving The money transmitted by a particular body 2 of the network and the information decoded from the signal. The information also includes the signal-specific synchronization pattern (4) "preamble" or the signal power above the given threshold value for a given critical (four) or more signal. ^ The list of so-called measured signals of the receiver can be identified, for example, by the transmitter, or can be received by a given frequency, such as the frequency of the signal above the I rate, 90960.doc • 11 - 1345641 rate = into ' or can be another list Refer to Qing 2 = Knowing and contains information about the transmitter. Any location of the list transmitted by the receiver. The propagation power of the radio wave, the transmitter antenna pattern, and the distance of the transmitter can be received, such as the transmitter, that can be received by the connection rate function, based on each transmitter and the receiver at the location. And the variable emission characteristics of the signal propagation (eg, attenuation), such as the machine detecting the signal from the transmitter == the predetermined probability function is proportional to the possible component qualification J =: two and thus the list The pre-failure probability function may be based on a heuristic function derived from the detection obtained from the calibration point. For example, in practice, it can be found that a two-dimensional Gaussian function centered on the vicinity of the middle of the region can be detected from the transmitter (at a specific point in the area covered by the transmitter). An approximation of the probability of the signal. Using such a heuristic function provides very good results because it is based on actual measurements, not on theoretical models. If the signal propagation characteristics are better, the list can be augmented, or a second list can be constructed to include the tribute from signals not reported by the receiver but detected. In such cases, the position function can be modified to take into account the probability of not appearing in the list. The position function may also be affected by the reliability of each (4) detection of the receiver. The estimate of reliability can be, for example, proportional to the difference between the received power level and the detected threshold, or can be a measure of the number of times a given number of repeated measurements is detected. The reliability metric can be transmitted as a clear φ from the message transmitted from the mobile receiver. The edge division or a sorting signal is used in the sorting process. The receiving unit performs the sorting before the list is transmitted: for example, the received signal power or the aforementioned reliability level 1 can be used for sorting. The digital pass measurement signal is transmitted from the (four) transmitter to the mobile reception number and the two-way flight time from the mobile receiver to the health transmitter. Measurements can be used to advance the timing of the signals transmitted by the handset transmitter so that the signals can arrive at the base station at a known time. When this so-called timing advance value (10) is available, it is preferably included in the position function, for example by assigning the mobile receiver to an additional probability of being at a given position (given the measured value, the position can be used in several ways) The function implements the calculation of the position of the receiver to find the position corresponding to the highest probability. Preferably, the position function is a "cost function" which indicates the probability of a function relationship with the receiver position and list component qualification. The logarithm of the reciprocal. The lowest value of this cost function corresponds to the list of detected signals that are most likely to be provided, including a list of undetected signals (if available) and the measured D8 and any reports of the list. The position of the sort. The minimum value can be found by any of several well-known general mathematical minimization techniques, including (a) a steerable position function to directly provide a solution for the solution, and (b) usually seek along The current estimate of the direction of the "tilt down" movement in one direction to the iterative method of moving to the position closer to the minimum point, and (c) "raster method" The position function is evaluated at each point of the grid at a position and the position corresponding to the minimum is taken as the result. These methods are described in many textbooks, for example, 90960.doc • 13· 1345641 WHUam H. Press The second edition of the C++ Numerical Method, et al., Cambridge University Press, Chapter 1, pages 4 to 429. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for transmitting by, for example, having a plurality of receivable virtual identifiable radios. Estimating its location within a geographic area established within it: A method of obtaining one or a multi-dimensional position of a mobile receiver. This method does not rely on transmitting modulation type or content or time delay measurement material knowledge. Therefore, the method can be applied to Any radio system of any type of modulation without the knowledge of system timing. The mobile receiver at a given location receives signals from one or more of the networks. Transmitters that can be detected It is called the “visible” launch pad and can be added to the list of visible stations that are maintained. The location of the receiver will be (4) which launchers can be seen. According to the date of the launch – the system also Maintains a list of transmitters that are not received when they are measured and are referred to as "invisible," but are known to be present and active. The location of the receiver affects which transmitting base stations are not visible. The soil is at any given base station. In theory, it is theoretically predictable which base stations are visible 'which base stations are not visible, depending on factors such as the distance from the transmitting station, the transmitting power of the transmitter, and the detection of the radiation pattern of the transmitter. According to an embodiment of the invention Assign a "cost" function to each emitter in the visible and invisible lists. This cost function describes the group Q of the transmitter power, the emitter radiation pattern, the distance and orientation of the transmitter from the receiver. , radio propagation characteristics, and (if available) other characteristics, such as timing advance or local layout data, which optimally simulate the probability that the mobile receiver will detect the signal. Based on mathematical convenience considerations, the combination of 90906.doc •14-1345641, the cost function of the visibility of the visibility of IV B, and the negative of the logarithm of the probability of the teacher (ie the logarithm of the reciprocal of the probability) In proportion to: because. After the transmitter is isolated, when the receiver is close to the transmitter position and directly with the forward lobe of the transmitter antenna, for example as shown in Figure i, the cost function of the visibility has a low value. . As the receiver moves directly to the base station, or from the transmitter—the fixed distance moves tangentially at an angle to the direction of the positive lobe, the cost function gradually increases. The cost function corresponding to each of the transmitted Ps will be combined into - and ' to give - the overall cost function'. The overall cost function illustrates the combined visibility of the transmitter, such as that shown in FIG. The minimum value of this overall cost function is based on the location of this issue. In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a mobile receiver device capable of multiplexing a plurality of transmit (four) test signals and configured to calculate a list of signals received by the mobile receiver and to list the Time) transmitted to a computing device. In addition, according to the present invention, a computing device is provided for position determination of a mobile receiver configured to: a) receive a list of signals detected by a receiver, b) construct-related The receiver is in a position function giving a probability of positioning f. The position function has components corresponding to each member of the list, each component including - a predetermined probability function depending on the position of the action receiver; The position function is used to determine a position corresponding to the highest position probability and define the position as the position of the mobile receiver. 90960.doc -15. 1345641 In accordance with the present invention, a system is provided which includes: a mobile receiver device and a computing device. The computing device can be attached to the mobile receiver or it can be remote from the mobile receiver but in communication with the mobile receiver. [Embodiment] An active receiver relocation system has been implemented in accordance with the present invention using an existing GSM mobile telephone network (see Fig. 3). The system 300 includes a plurality of transceiver base stations 301, 302, 303, 304 as the above-mentioned transmitters; - a mobile phone 310 as a mobile receiver; - a position calculation unit (1^1)) 320; and a government Database (MDB) 330. The base station provides signal transmissions that are detected by the handset 3 10<f> and processed in lcu 320 using the mathematical algorithms described below. The mobile phone 310 detects signals from a plurality of nearby base stations 301 to 3, and compiles a list of the measured signals, and transmits the list to the servo base station 3〇4 via a message via the link 34. 401 in Figure 4 shows the format and content of the message. It is defined by the GSM standard and includes the following interceptors: Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Base Station Identifier (BSIC), Mobile Network Code (MNC), Action Country Code (MCC), Unit Identification (CI), Local The area code (LAC), the number of measurements taken N, and the measurement quality indicator Q. For each base station signal it detects, message 4〇1 includes some or all of these blocks. The "adjacent unit" information is sorted according to the power level of the received signal, that is, the data corresponding to the servo base station that the base station and the mobile phone use to communicate bidirectionally. Communication links 340 and 341 can be used as part of a telephone system. Additional data may be supplied from a management data base to the LCU 320, which is included in the fixed base station fixed base station. The corresponding antenna map is used as the management system database 3 3 points,

It is also identified by link 350 to the identification of the lCU (Cl, BSIC, etc.) as well as the location, the case and its transmitter power. The LCU 320 of the standard network configuration contained in this data can be used to create a list of visible base stations using message 401. θ heart β early 4ϋ2 έ 表 table shows the base station identification item, the quality value associated with the detection, the emission level m, the type of the antenna pattern, the direction of the main lobe of the transmitter antenna, and the indication Whether the signal comes from the servo base station (S) or the flag from the adjacent base station (N), and the base station LCU 320 also uses management information to generate activities known to be active in the system but not present in the visible base station. List of the base stations in the list is 4〇3. The mobile phone 310 is in time synchronized communication with its servo base station 3〇4, and will also communicate from the network to 320 in another message via link 341 (not shown in Figures 3 and 4). To determine the location of the handset 310, the LCU 320 needs to use the visible base station list 402 and the invisible base station list 4〇3, and the TA value associated with the servo base station to construct a description that the handset is within a given level of the GSM network. The probability of position (given the TA value and the qualification of the visible and invisible list). Returns the location corresponding to the maximum probability as the location of the phone. The calculations involved in this particular embodiment will now be described. To determine the location of the handset, the LCU 320 finds the location that minimizes the following function.

Ctot=Cta+Cv + Cn, (1) The minimum value of CT0T is the highest possible position of the mobile phone. Lta 90960.doc -17- 1345641

And the timing advance measurement of the function of the spleen + 7 A, cv is a function associated with the base station in the visible list, with the function of the other r & associated function and cN# and the base station in the invisible list The function system evaluates (2) c = -i>g, (household) as all the N bases: the sum of the grounds, and the Pn is the nth base station passable. The probability of (in the case of 〇\) β has two preferred methods for calculating this value, namely, the sigma version and the power version, as described below. Gaussian version In this version, the probability of the signal from the hand (four) (iv) I self-transmitter is simulated by the Nansian probability distribution. A two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is established centering on the base station, in which the X-axis is oriented along the direction of the lobes of the transmitting antenna. The Gaussian distribution is centered on the position (X.,.) on the X-axis. The probability that the mobile phone at vector position x detects the signal from the transmitter at the location (〇, 〇) is given by: (3) p(x) = exp -~(χ-χ〇γ . A (x~xQ^ where

j x I |x0| ′ x〇= 0 , A:W L〇J l/<l/< ’ x and y are the coordinates of the receiver, and represent the transpose of the matrix in parentheses. (d), the distribution has its peak on the x-axis from the position xQ, and has a standard deviation α^ along the parent direction with a standard deviation σ in the y direction, and no co-variation term. It is convenient to match the logarithm of P(X,y) with the cost function (four) 90960.doc -18 - (4)1345641, which is more convenient, ie: f(x,y)=-2i〇gep(x, y) The above definition of f(x, y) uses the coordinates of the position and orientation of the insect-county Yiyi Mountain 丄z, the special 疋 base station. When it will be visible in the list. __月早T all the early distribution When combined, it is convenient to use a reference coordinate system. The 参考:4 reference coordinate system has an original eyebrow origin at a certain position near the expected position of the mobile phone and its application axis is aligned to the east, and the axis is aligned to the north. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a standard conversion to the parent of the flying armor in the formula. If the base station k has a position related to the orientation of the old temple Xu Dan, the Mai Li seat, and the counterclockwise direction from the east (in the arc) χ ) I 0k, yk), then the base station's contribution to the cost function will be equal to: "Ά) = (χ-ζ0)γ·Β·(χ-ζ0) where 2〇

.nJ + Rr U〇Ο ,Β = Rr · 1/σί 〇L 〇ι/〇ί (5) R, R I(7) tons such as 乂 and L-sin<K cost parameters x°, A and ~ depending on the unit Change and can be derived using heuristics. In an embodiment of the invention, the result of measurements made at a known location across the network is used to determine the value that provides the lowest overall error when recalculating the location using the method. By calibrating this way, you can use this method to locate a phone at an unknown location. The addition formula of a function of the form f(xk, yk) is such that .h)r.Mw)+(x<B2.h), ZRrBR.(x~)+e, (6) where BR=B 丨+B2 and ZR = Br'. (Β,.ζ, +Β2.22). The term e is a constant and therefore is an irrelevant term, because we are only interested in the value of the function's minimum value rather than the value of the function 90960.doc -19· 1345641. At the minimum point, the function's ladder is zero. Since the gradient of the constant is always zero, the term e does not contribute. Accordingly, it is clear that all base stations' self-conceived π~cost function C can be simplified into a simple expression of the form: C = (xZ$) .B: (X-2::) (7) where 2$ and The value of 1 is from the visible list by repeating the use of eight inches.

The location and orientation of the base station are exported. The point at which the function C = z$ has a unique minimum, so in this case the hood...has used a stack of techniques to implement a minimization. Power Version To calculate P using this method, you first need to find the average power received by the handset from its given station. The average is used here so that there is no need to test; the day of the handset receiver, which will point to the direction of the voice in actual use. If the mobile phone is separated from the base station by a distance θ and is at an azimuth angle to the axis of the transmitter, then the average signal power received by the 嫉 拉 τ 行 行 疋 疋 R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R G(0)WQ/rfi ^ (8) where Κ(Γ, meal receives signal power, (4) is the transmitter antenna..., the power transmitted by the W〇 system—the lognormal random variable (see below), and β As an index of power loss, it is assumed that the mobile phone has an omnidirectional antenna (4), which is practical in any case, but it is not true, but it is used for the average test good model. The lognormal variable table ^ power characteristics can be Denature. .,,, line circuit see the signal of the next illusion 90960.doc -20- 1345641 The logarithm of the two sides of the equation (8) can produce: lo9e (R (r, e)) = loge (G (θ) + log. WQ + log, >^l〇ge r 0 (9) The lognormal variable can be modeled as: r = r〇em , ( ίο) where r is the median value and m is a variation y The normal distribution random variable. Substituting the equation 10 into Equation 9, we get: l〇ge (R(r ,〇)) = l〇ga(G (^))+ loge WQ + loge X0 + m-^| 〇gre.( U)

As explained in the following paragraphs, this equation indicates the logarithm of the received power level, a Gaussian distribution variable, whose probability density function (PDF) is as follows: PDF(Ioge/?) = (2^a2)-1/2exp[-( L〇ge/?-f)2/(2Cr2)] where [= loge(G(8))10|0gei^〇+|0ge/. -々|〇9βΑ·. The mobile phone detects a base station and if the received power level is higher than the minimum detectable signal power, in, the base station is listed as "visible". Figure 5 outlines this point. The graph shows the logarithm of the received power

Plotted for the logarithm of the distance between the base station transmitter and the base station transmitter, the two are on the axes 500 and 501, respectively, and the result is a sample point shown by the line 5 〇b mark α and the line shown by line 503. The devices are separated by a distance having a predicted received power given by line 504. When the received power is measured multiple times at the same distance from the transmitter, it is practical to find that the results vary, generally following the probability distribution shown by curve 505. This is the normal distribution on a one-to-one graph, which is best explained by the lognormal variable γ, as previously described. 90960.doc -21 - 1345641 Line 506 is the minimum received power scale that can be detected by the receiver. Therefore, the probability of detecting a signal at point A is given by the area above the critical line 5〇6 below the curve 505. Mathematically this is given by the following integer: P=l〇ge R>l〇ge Rmin Probability, (13) ie co ^(2; Γσ2) Γΐ/2βΧρΗ〇9β^ -Γ)2/(2σ2)] d(logeR)

P 0 (14) Such integers are well known for their "error function" Erf (see, for example, the C++ Numerical Method by WiUiam H. Press et al., Cambridge University Press, Chapter 6, page 225). Therefore, p is given by p = (1 + ef(([-|〇g 凡))))). (15) As in the previous Gaussian version, it is mathematically convenient to use a "cost" function c (which is the negative logarithm of p), ie: 0 = -·〇9β(^) 〇(16) This function is the most probable The position has a minimum value in the assumed = line pattern. (4) This cost function is based on a condition of a cos~ function.位置 With the y horizontal axis system, the position of the base station is 1Λ_^. The cost function value shown on any scale of the vertical axis system 低 (low U cost). The surface drawn in the plane has several different features. At the base of the transmitter base, there are two low-center areas around the arrogant horse. In this area, the cost system detected by the receiver is established. Take a small value. This is because the location of the place is very good... even if the channel is attenuated

The received power level is still at a minimum value of 'degree non-W-the first-Turkey, along the antenna zero 90960.doc • 22-1345641 direction has a high cost 103β to extend this analysis to include all signals from all BTS and When the _ 09 early one cost function is combined, the shape is similar to the shape shown in FIG. 2. The axis of this Figure 10 is centered on the location 202 of the handset. In the preferred embodiment, the corresponding cost function CTA associated with the timing advance measurement is shown schematically in FIG. This diagram depicts a graphical representation of a base station 6〇1 and a timing advance distance 602. Ideally, the distance can be calculated by multiplying the measured TA value by the speed of the radio wave. In the GS system, the measured ΤΑ value measured at a particular radial distance 602 is quantized into a unit of about 55 〇 meters or half a GSM "bit" by a measurement method. This point indicates that the radial distance from the base station 602 (DTA) has an average plus/minus one-quarter equivalent distance error as shown by the heart circle 603. As shown, cost functions 604 through 606 applied to a particular embodiment are stacked on this schematic. In summary, any position (DTA_225m) closer to the base station quarter-bit than the measured TA distance is given a cost value of 6〇4 which is proportional to the difference from this position. The measured distance plus/minus the position within the fuzzy band of the quarter-bit is assigned a zero cost value 605 » further beyond the TA distance, the position of the quarter-bit (DTA+225m) is given a The square of the difference from this position is proportional to the value 606. In the preferred embodiment, the minimum value of the combined cost function CT0T can be found as follows. The base station positions are projected onto a horizontal plane and points identifying an equal distance grid in two horizontal directions on a common horizontal plane of all of the base stations. This is schematically shown in Figure 7, pot * /, medium 90960.doc -23 - grid 700 as shown in the stack is placed on the common horizontal plane of all base stations; An example point 7〇1 is identified on this plane. The total cost function Ct〇t is evaluated at each of these grid points, and the point corresponding to the lowest value of Cm is found. This point is shown in Figure 7 as an example point 7〇1. This point is then taken as the center of another grid point array of one tenth of the interval 702. The 匕町 is evaluated again at each point of this sub-grid, and the minimum value is found. This point is then used as the center of another set of grid points for evaluating Ct〇t, and so on, until the sub-grid spacing is equal to 10 m. A point corresponding to the lowest value of Ct〇t is used as an estimate of the position of the mobile receiver. The specific examples described above for the "Gaussian version" and "Power version" have been implemented in several GSM networks. For example, the Gaussian version has been used in one of the trials. A total of 3丨9 test points randomly scattered on the test area will be selected, and the position of the mobile phone measured according to the present invention and the real position measured by a more precise method ("ground truth") will be selected at each point. )Compare. The results show that two-thirds of the position is within the ground truth of 220 m and that 19 of the nineteenth position is within 3 8 〇 m. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary graph of one of the position functions (Γcosts) associated with a single emitter. Figure 2 illustrates a exemplary graph of a position function ("cost") associated with a multi-emitter. Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary multi-emitter system. Figure 4 illustrates an example of a list of detected and invisible signals associated with the transmitted signal transmitted by the handset and the associated and invisible signals at the location calculation unit. Figure 5 illustrates the variation in received power as a function of distance from the transmitter. Figure ό illustrates a diagram of an exemplary fixed transmitter and position function components associated with timing advances. Figure 7 illustrates a computational grid. [schematic representation symbol description] 101 low center area 103 ifj cost 202 mobile phone position 300 mobile receiver positioning system 301 transceiver base station 302 transceiver base station 303 transceiver base station 304 transceiver base station 310 mobile phone 320 position calculation unit 330 Management Library 340 Link 341 Link 350 Link 401 Message 402 List 403 List 90960.doc -25- 1345641 500 Axis 501 Axis 502 Line 503 Line 504 Line 505 Curve 506 Critical Line 601 Base Station 602 Timing Advance Distance 603 Concentric Circle 604 Cost Function 605 Cost Function 606 Cost Function 700 Grid 701 Example Point 702 Interval 90960.doc -26

Claims (1)

1345641 Patent application No. 093,02624 iy, ------- Amendment 曰Additional Chinese application for patent scope replacement (&quot;year u \日修(越) is replacing page year and month, patent application scope: 1 - 1 / A method of transmitting a transmitter of known location - the network - the radio system - the first to trigger the receiver - or a multi-dimensional position, the method comprising the following steps: aM The signal received by the mobile receiver from the transmitter, the transmitter being visible in the network, which causes the visible signal to exceed a predetermined power level, which may include signals from non-servo transmitters and feeding transmitters. The measurement includes decoding information from each of the received signals exceeding a delta pre-power level, the network being associated with an identifier of the corresponding one of the transmitters; b) in the mobile receiver, - only the visible transmitter early morning 'The visible transmitter contains information related to the identification code of the corresponding transmitter; c) transmits the list to a computing device. d) constructs a recognition about the receiver ,, -. The position function of the probability of the position and the position function is the old name... Mountain number - there is a component corresponding to each transmission benefit of the visible emitter list, each alpha parent, U, and the piece includes a predetermined probability function, Related to the receiver, the probability of giving a specific position of the emission state in the side of the edge; and e) evaluating the position function, 7 also a ', 疋 - the position corresponding to the highest position probability' Define this position Λ Λ ^ I am 5 仃 仃 接收 接收 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. The scope of the patent is in item i. Where the list of signals includes a 90960-991201.doc, the method of replacing the frequency of receiving such signals by the replacement of the gas, and the method of applying for the scope of the patent, Wherein the list contains a reference/monthly list, each reference indicating individual transmitter information maintained by the computing device. 5. The method of claim 7, wherein the predetermined probability function is based on one for each transmission And the connection Propagation model of radio waves between devices. 6 · Application: Method of benefit category 5, which makes the propagation model based on: transmitting „power, transmitting antenna pattern, travel distance, the reception—relative to the emission Any or all of the orientation of the device, the variable emission characteristics of the radio signal propagation, the timing advance, or the local topographical data. The method of claim </ RTI> wherein the predetermined probability function is a sigma function and the origin thereof is at - 8. The method of claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the predetermined machine ^ Wei Wei ^: The probe derived from the probability of obtaining the calibration point I. Please refer to the method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined probability function is "detecting a signal from a transmitter." The method of the third paragraph of the patent scope is too 壬 ^ m hai position function is one into ^, "Yuan low value is in the position of the maximum probability. The method of the range K, wherein the cost function (four) the logarithm of the preemptive probability function The negative number is proportional to. The system and the second = the range of the old method 'its; the information of the transmitter signal measured in the receiver's debt; 90960-991201.doc -2- a list 13. If the application The patent scope 丨 or 斗ο, ^ _ , go, wherein the modification of the position function to the test is not detected by the action receiver 14. As in the patent application scope item i, the month is in the position function. Medium (four) preamble includes 15't^ patent The method of the first item, wherein the position function is modified to test the reliability of the receiver for each of the signals. 16. As claimed in the patent range 15 ^ ^ I 10,000 where the reliability measurement system depends The difference between the received power and the (four) measured threshold. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the reliability measurement comprises the number of times the signal has been detected. A. And wherein the ranking is transmitted from the receiver to the list of the computing device. 19 ^ The method of claim 18 of the patent scope of claim 6, wherein the order is transmitted from the receiver to the calculation according to the power received by the action receiving benefit This list of devices. 〇· σ 仴 仴 仴 仴 仴 仴 第 第 第 第 纟 纟 纟 纟 仴 仴 仴 仴 仴 仴 σ σ 根据 根据 根据 根据 根据 根据 根据 根据 根据 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 The method of clause 16, wherein the reliability measurement comprises the number of times the signal has been detected. 22. A mobile receiver device that detects a plurality of signals from a plurality of transmitters in a network, The position of the signals is known and includes a component 'which is configured to compile a visible transmitter only 90960-991201.doc 134^641 daily repair (table) is replacing the page and will be used The list transmits to the computing device, the list including corresponding transmitter related information that is decoded from the signals received by the mobile receiver device, the signals received from the mobile receiver device being received by the mobile receiver The device is received at a particular location and exceeds a predetermined power level, wherein the signals may include a number of signals from a number of non-servo transmitters and a servo transmitter. 23. A computing device for determining the position of a mobile receiver, the computing device being configured to: a) receiving a list of transmitters from the mobile receiver, the list being visible to the receiver in a network, the list containing the poor signal of the decoded signal, only from the visible transmitter in the network And wherein the signal is received by the mobile device at a particular location exceeding a predetermined power level, wherein the signal includes a signal from the non-feeding transmitter and the servo transmitter, the decoded data and each of the corresponding transmissions The identifier of the device is associated with b) constructing a position function for the receiver to be at a particular position in the list given the transmitter, the position function having a transmitter corresponding to each member of the list, each The components include a predetermined probability function that depends on the location of the mobile receiver; and c) evaluates the location function to determine a location corresponding to the highest location probability and defines the location as the location of the mobile receiver. A system comprising a mobile access device as claimed in claim 22 and a computing device as in claim 23 of the patent application. 25. The system of claim 24, wherein the computing device is attached to 90960-991201.doc 1345641 At the action receiver. 26. The system of claim 24, wherein the computing device is remote from the mobile receiver but in communication with the mobile receiver. 90960-991201.doc