RU51632U1 - TORSION ENERGY-ABSORBING ELEMENT OF ROAD PROTECTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The torsion energy-absorbing element of a road fence relates to road construction and can be used to equip road barriers of dangerous places. The proposed device allows to increase the energy intensity of road fencing, increases the safety of passengers and transported goods in a collision of a vehicle with a road fence, and also reduces the damage caused to the vehicle and road fence. The torsion energy-absorbing element of the road fence consists of two components, which are practically mirror images of each other, which are made of a piece of metal rod, sections of which are successively bent. In each component, there are fasteners, braces, which act as levers and three parallel sections, which are working parts, which are pairwise (from each component, one adjacent to each other) enclosed in a fixing element that prevents bending of the working parts. The energy of the impact is dissipated due to the plastic torsion of the working parts, while, in order to ensure maximum depreciation, the working part of one of the components enclosed between the braces has a length shorter (by the value of the diameter of the working part) than the length of a similar section of another component parts. The proposed design can be repeatedly used after operation with the restoration of the specified damping characteristics during simple repair operations.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to road construction and can be used to equip hazardous places with road fences, as well as overpass poles, power lines, and other buildings located in close proximity to the roadway (roadway).

Numerous types of fences are known, including bases with restrictive elements fixed to them (directly or via attachment points), made of profiled metal strips or cables, the main task of which is to prevent the movement of vehicles in prohibited (dangerous) directions, as well as the dispersion of impact energy when collision of a vehicle with a road fence [1]. The dissipation of impact energy occurs due to the deformation of the restrictive elements, their attachment points and vehicle elements, as well as due to the friction that occurs between the elements of the vehicle and the road fence. These structures have high strength, but low energy consumption, and therefore, in the event of a collision of a vehicle with a road barrier, the loads acting on people and cargo can exceed the permissible ones, and the vehicle is significantly damaged. There are known designs of damping devices, the principle of which is based on the dissipation of the impact energy due to the plastic torsion of metal rods, which have a sufficiently high energy intensity and stability of amortization characteristics, however, due to their design, they are not acceptable for equipping them with road fences [2, 3, etc. ].

The task to which the proposed device is aimed is to increase the safety of passengers and goods transported in a collision of a vehicle with a road fence, as well as

reduction of damage caused to the vehicle and the road fence by increasing the energy absorption capacity of road barriers.

The technical result also consists in the fact that, in addition to the indicated advantages, damage to the main elements of road fencing is reduced, the possibility of multiple use of energy-absorbing and restrictive elements of road fences, the restoration of the damping characteristics after a collision during simple repair operations, and also that modernization is ensured existing road fences do not require significant structural changes of the main elements of road fences.

These technical results are achieved by the fact that in the design of road fences, including bases and restrictive elements in the form of profiled metal strips or cables, torsion energy-absorbing elements are used as attachment points of the restrictive elements to the bases, as well as fastenings of the restrictive elements to each other.

The essence of the proposed design is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a torsion energy-absorbing element of the road fence; figure 2 presents one of the two components of the torsion energy-absorbing element, a side view and a top view of which are presented in figure 3, 4; figure 5 presents a top view of the torsion energy-absorbing element; figure 6 presents embodiments of the fastening of the torsion energy-absorbing element; figure 7 presents a top view of the torsion energy-absorbing element with a locking element; on Fig, 10 presents the installation options of the torsion energy-absorbing element on the road fence; figure 9, 11 shows the operation of the torsion energy-absorbing element under the influence of shock; on Fig, 13 presents a model of a road fence with installation options for a torsion energy-absorbing element.

The design of the torsion energy-absorbing element includes two components (see Fig. 1), which are practically mirror images of each other, made of a piece of metal rod, sections of which are successively bent so that each component has three parallel sections 3 (see Fig. .2, 3, 4), which are the working parts of the torsion energy-absorbing element (plastic torsions), interconnected by braces 4. Moreover, the working part of one of the components of the torsion energy glossing element 1, enclosed between the braces has a length less than the value of the diameter of the working part (see figure 5), in order to ensure maximum depreciation of the torsion energy-absorbing element. The extreme working parts have ends 5, which are the attachment points of the torsion energy-absorbing element, which, depending on the installation location, can be located at the required angle relative to the working parts. Figure 6 presents some of the options for the location of the attachment points relative to the torsion energy-absorbing element. The fastening of the torsion energy-absorbing element can be carried out by connecting the attachment points to the road fence elements using one of the known methods (welding, riveting, detachable connections).

In order to prevent bending of the working parts of the torsion energy-absorbing element, the position of the corresponding working parts of the component elements relative to each other can be fixed using various devices that do not impede their twisting during operation. Figure 7 presents the option of fixing the working parts 3 of the torsion energy-absorbing element using a piece of tube 9.

The manufacture and assembly of the proposed design are simple and performed by conventional known methods. The torsion energy-absorbing element can be made of rods of low-carbon, medium-carbon and alloy steels having a given size and a certain diameter, by sequential bending in mutually perpendicular planes at predetermined angles with subsequent heat treatment (for

giving the element the required characteristics) or without it.

Elements that fix the position of the paired working parts of the components of the torsion energy-absorbing element can be installed either during the manufacture of the torsion energy-absorbing element or during assembly of the element, in which case they are made integral and are connected using one of the known methods (welding, detachable joints).

In the case of impact, the design of the torsion energy-absorbing element operates as follows. The initial state of the road fence with the torsion energy-absorbing element installed in it is shown in Figs. 8, 10 (Fig. 8 - connection of the restrictive elements of the road fence 6; Fig. 10 - fastening of the restriction element 6 to the base of the road fence 7). The fastening of the torsion energy-absorbing element is shown by bolted joints 8. The influence of an external load (direction shown by arrows), the value of which exceeds the total force of torsion resistance of the working parts 3, on the restrictive elements of the road fence 6 causes them to move and, accordingly, the rotation of the braces 4 connected to them, which causes plastic twisting of the working parts 3 and, accordingly, the absorption of energy of the acting load (see Fig.9, 11). Depending on the installation of the torsion energy-absorbing element, the external action can both breed the braces (see Fig. 9) and fold them (see Fig. 11), twisting the working parts. The total energy absorption of each torsion energy-absorbing element, which directly had a collision, consists of the energy absorption values of the working parts. The braces of the torsion energy-absorbing element rotate either before the impact is stopped and the torsion energy-absorbing element remains in some intermediate deformed position due to the magnitude of the impact load (see Figs. 9, 11) or continues until the depreciation and torsion energy absorption

the energy-absorbing element will not be exhausted (the angle between the braces will be either 0 degrees when folding, or 180 degrees when they diverge).

It should be noted that torsion energy-absorbing elements have a high specific energy intensity and stability of the amortization characteristics that are inherent in shock-absorbing devices, the principle of which is based on the dispersion of the impact energy due to the plastic torsion of metal rods. The total amount of energy absorption and the depreciation rate of the torsion energy-absorbing element can be set within wide limits by changing the installation angle between the braces 4, which determines the limiting value of the depreciation stroke, by specifying certain sizes (lengths and diameters) of the working parts 3, as well as by choosing the material of the torsion energy-absorbing element and heat treatment [4].

The torsion energy-absorbing element also has another positive quality, namely that a partially or fully deformed element can be brought back to its original position repeatedly and repeatedly, and its energy-absorbing ability is restored. This is ensured by carrying out certain repairs, and without replacing any elements. In this case, it is necessary to use power devices (hydraulic cylinders with a retractable rod or jacks) which, through the influence of the load created by them, subject the element to slow forced deformation in the opposite direction. The number of cycles "deformation under the influence of shock loading - reverse forced deformation" can be from tens to hundreds of cycles without changing the specified initial characteristics. These repair operations can be carried out without disconnecting the torsion energy-absorbing element from the road fence.

LITERATURE:

1. Babkov V.F. Road conditions and traffic safety. - M .:

Transport, 1982.- 288 p.

2. The USSR AS No. 1390966 dated 07/14/1986, B 64 C 3/26 "Multilayer cushioning shell."

3. RF patent No. 2207261 of December 13. 2001, 60 R 19/56, “Energy Absorbing Buffer of a Truck”.

4. Tikhomirov A.G. The use of preliminary hardening of torsion working elements in elastoplastic shockproof systems. - M.: "Machine Builder", No. 1 2004, - 6 p.

Claims (1)

The torsion energy-absorbing element of the road fence, consisting of plastic torsion bars and levers, characterized in that it consists of two components, which are practically mirror images of each other, made of a piece of metal rod, sections of which are successively bent so that each component has nodes fastenings, braces, acting as levers and three parallel sections, which are the working parts of the torsion energy-absorbing element, scattering energy impact impact due to plastic torsion, which are pairwise (from each component, one adjacent to each other) are enclosed in a fixing element that prevents bending of the working parts, but does not prevent their twisting, while in order to ensure maximum depreciation of the torsion energy-absorbing element , the working part enclosed between the braces of one of the components of the torsion energy-absorbing element has a length less (by the value of the diameter of the working part) than the length of a similar section another component.