RU2700749C1 - Explosion-proof chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: security means.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to safety during transportation, elimination and experimental development of explosive devices with energy release of up to 70 kg TNTE, which can contain environmentally hazardous highly toxic substances. Explosion-proof chamber comprises a cylindrical housing consisting of a central section and two side sections, the latter being made of two coaxially arranged metal pipes, the space between which in the side sections is filled with foam concrete. Inner pipe of side sections is reinforced from inside with rings and cones, between which ribs are arranged. Two flat two-layer bottoms with loading holes, consisting of inner and outer plates, tightly rigidly connected to each other, having holes for installation of passage elements of operational purpose, covered from inside with armored hoods. Each loading hole with neck is tightly closed from inside with a convex power metal cover, pivotally connected to the bottom plate, in the closed position can be rigidly fixed from the outer side of the plate. Outside loading opening with neck is closed tightly by cover. Antipolisheck protection is made in the form of grid layers and is located on internal cylindrical surface of side sections and convex power metal covers. Longitudinal beam with carriage is installed longitudinally in upper part of chamber cavity. Central section is made of two coaxial metal tubes with a gap. Inner pipe is supported by perforated rings, into which cylindrical insert is rigidly installed, consisting of two coaxially located metal pipes, space between which is filled with concrete. Insert pipes are interconnected by rings. Between internal pipe of central section of housing and cylindrical surface of insert there is a gap, minimum value of which exceeds value of maximum deformation of insert at action of explosive load on it. Inside cylindrical surface of insert is lined with anti-fragmentation protection, made in form of layers of mesh.

EFFECT: design of the explosion-proof chamber of a wide range of applications capable of withstanding the explosion of explosive devices with energy release of up to 70 kg TNTE, which can contain environmentally hazardous highly toxic substances, while ensuring reliable localization of explosion products without ingress of them into the environment in hazardous concentrations.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of ensuring safety during transportation, liquidation and experimental testing of explosive devices with an energy release of up to 70 kg of fuel cells, which may include environmentally hazardous highly toxic substances.

Known explosion-proof chamber, designed to localize explosion products during experimental research using explosives (explosives), storage, transportation, disassembly and destruction of ammunition and terrorist devices containing explosives and harmful materials (p. RU 2524064, IPC F42D 5/045, published July 27, 2014 Bull. No. 21).

The explosion-proof chamber contains a cylindrical body with flat bottoms, shock absorbers for the bottoms, an inner cylindrical shell mounted coaxially with a gap relative to the body and reinforced in the central part, and a loading neck with an inner and sealed outer cover. The loading neck is placed in the housing and the inner cylindrical shell with an offset relative to the geometric center of the chamber and is fixed in the housing. The housing and the inner cylindrical shell in the areas of the neck are reinforced respectively with the outer and inner plates. Each shock absorber is made in the form of a massive plate installed with the possibility of plane-parallel movement relative to the bottom and resting on evenly spaced pipe segments, mounted on a plate connected to the body and installed with a gap relative to the bottom. The inner cylindrical shell of the chamber is reinforced in the central part by a roll of steel sheet. Along the axis of the chamber in the bottoms, plates and plates of the shock absorbers, holes are made in which cylindrical inlets are installed, fixed in the bottoms, and closed from the inside by sealing strong covers. At least one hole is made in the housing and the inner cylindrical shell of the chamber for installing passage elements for operational use in them, while the pine openings are interconnected and offset relative to the central part.

The disadvantages of the camera are:

- the placement of the loading neck on the side of the housing and with an offset relative to the geometric center of the chamber increase the dimensions of the chamber in cross section, and also require special technology for loading and placing an explosive device in the chamber;

- the camera has one sealing loop in the area of the loading neck, which reduces the reliability of the camera for the localization of explosion products in it without getting them into the environment;

- strengthening the inner cylindrical shell in the Central part by means of a roll of steel sheet allows you to reduce the level of deformation of the outer shell, but the inner shell will have a sufficiently high level of deformation, which increases the likelihood of losing the integrity of the inner shell and, as a consequence, reducing the reliability of the tightness of the chamber. Also, the presence of a roll of steel sheet while maintaining a gap between the shells reduces the internal useful diameter of the chamber

Known explosion-proof chamber to ensure safety during transportation, elimination and experimental testing of explosive devices with an energy release of up to 60 kg of fuel cells, which may include environmentally hazardous highly toxic substances (p. RU 2273821, IPC F42D 5/04, F42D 39/14, publ. 04/10/2006 Bull. No. 10).

The camera contains a housing consisting of a cylindrical part and two flat bottoms with conical transitions. The cylindrical part of the body consists of two coaxially arranged metal pipes, while the central part of the inner pipe is thickened, the space between the pipes in the central part is filled with concrete, and in the peripheral areas - with foam concrete. The inner pipe is supported from the inside by rings and cones, between which ribs are located. Each bottom has a feed opening with a neck. The bottoms consist of internal and external plates, tightly rigidly interconnected, in which there are holes for installing passage elements for operational purposes. Each loading hole is hermetically sealed from the inside by a power metal cover. A sealing element is installed between the inner plate and the lid. The power cover is pivotally connected to the plate with a bracket and in the closed position is fixed to the plate with bolts mounted on the outside of the plate. Outside, the neck is sealed by a cap with bolts, while the sealing elements are installed in the grooves of the cap. On the inner surface of the cylindrical part and the power covers installed anti-shatter protection, made in the form of layers of metal mesh. Armored caps are installed on the holes in the cylindrical inserts of the bottoms from the inside. A longitudinal beam with a carriage is installed in the upper part of the chamber cavity.

This camera is taken as a prototype, as the closest in technical essence to the claimed one.

The disadvantages of this camera are:

- insufficient explosion resistance of the chamber to 60 kg TEQ, which narrows the type of explosive devices to be transported, eliminated, and tested;

- when an explosive device is detonated in the deformation chamber of the inner shell of the chamber through a layer of concrete located between the shells, they are transferred to the outer shell, which requires increased monitoring of the condition of the spent chamber in order to determine the technology for further handling.

The technical result is the creation of an explosion-proof chamber of a wide range of applications, capable of withstanding the explosion of explosive devices in it with an energy release of up to 70 kg of fuel cells, which may include environmentally hazardous highly toxic substances, while ensuring reliable localization of the explosion products without entering them into the environment in dangerous concentrations .

The technical result is achieved in that the explosion-proof chamber contains a cylindrical body consisting of a central section and two side sections, the latter made of two coaxially arranged metal pipes, the space between which in the side sections is filled with foam concrete, the inner pipe of the side sections is supported from the inside by rings and cones, between which are the ribs; two flat two-layer bottoms with a loading hole in each, consisting of internal and external plates, hermetically connected by welding with the help of cylindrical inserts having holes for installing passage elements for operational use, which are covered from the inside by armored caps, each loading hole with a neck is hermetically closed from the inside by a convex secured by a metal cover, using a sealing element located between the bottom plate and the power cover, and in the closed position bolted thereon at the outer side of the plate, outside the feed opening with a mouth hermetically closed lid; ballistic protection made in the form of mesh layers and located on the inner cylindrical surface of the side sections and convex power metal covers; a longitudinal beam with a carriage mounted longitudinally in the upper part of the chamber cavity. The inner tube of the central section is installed with a minimum technological gap between the cylindrical surfaces of the inner and outer pipes, the inner tube is supported by perforated rings, into which a cylindrical insert is installed and welded to them, consisting of two coaxially arranged metal pipes, the space between which is filled with concrete, the insert pipes are connected between each other by rings, between the inner pipe of the central section of the housing and the cylindrical surface of the insert there is a gap, mi imalnaya whose value exceeds the maximum deformation of the insert under the effect of the explosive load, the inside cylindrical surface lined with ballistic protection insert formed as a mesh layers.

Placing the inner tube of the central section with a minimum technological gap between the inner and outer tubes of the section allows you to increase the diameter of the inner tube and place an insert inside it with the required gap, while the necessary size of the inner diameter of the central section of the explosion-proof chamber is most rationally provided.

Installation in perforated rings of the inner pipe of a cylindrical insert, consisting of two coaxially arranged metal pipes, the space between which is filled with concrete, and the presence of a gap between the inner pipe of the central section and the cylindrical surface of the insert, the minimum value of which exceeds the maximum deformation of the insert when exposed to explosive load, allows you to virtually eliminate the effect of fragments and explosive dynamic load on the pipes of the Central section, etc. and this pipe works in the zone of slight elastic deformation.

The presence of anti-fragmentation protection on the inner cylindrical surface of the insert increases the resistance of the insert to the impact of a fragmentation field on it, eliminating through penetration of the insert by fragments.

In FIG. 1 shows the design of an explosion-proof chamber, FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one.

The explosion-proof chamber is made in the form of a welded steel structure containing a cylindrical body 1 with two flat bottoms 2 and 3 with radial transitions.

The cylindrical housing 1 is made of three sections - the Central section 4 and two side sections 5 and 6.

The side sections 5 and 6 are made of two coaxially arranged metal pipes 7 and 8, the space between which is filled with foam concrete 9. The inner pipe 8 is supported from the inside by rings 10 and cones 11, between which ribs 12 are installed.

The central section 4 is made of two coaxial metal pipes 13 and 14 with a minimum technological gap "a". The pipe 14 is supported by perforated rings 15. A cylindrical insert 16 is installed and welded to the rings 15, while there is a gap “b” between the inner pipe 14 and the outer cylindrical surface of the insert 16. The insert 16 is made of two coaxially arranged metal pipes 17 and 18, the space between which is filled with concrete 19. The pipes 17 and 18 are interconnected by rings 20. The inner cylindrical surface of the insert 15 is lined with anti-shatter protection 21.

The bottoms 2 and 3 have a loading hole with a neck 22, are made of two layers and consist of an inner plate 23 having a radial transition 24 and an outer plate 25, which are hermetically connected to each other by welding using cylindrical inserts 26, most of which have holes for installation passage elements for operational use.

Each loading hole is hermetically sealed from the inside by a convex power metal cover 27. A sealing element 28 is installed between the inner plate 23 and the cover 27, the power cover 27 is pivotally connected to the inner plate 23 using an arm 29, the power cover 27 is fixed to the inner plate 23 with bolts 30. Outside, the neck 22 is sealed by a steel cover 31 with bolts 32. Sealing elements 33 are installed in the grooves of the cover 31.

The inner cylindrical surface of the side sections 5 and 6, the inner surface of the power covers 27 are lined with anti-shatter protection 34.

On the holes in the flat bottoms 2 and 3 under the passage elements for operational purposes, armored caps 35 are installed inside.

In the upper part of the cylindrical body, a beam 36 with a carriage 37 is longitudinally installed inside.

The explosion-proof chamber is used as follows.

The explosive device is placed in the chamber cavity and suspended from the carriage 37, which is then moved along the beam 36 to the center of the chamber with the suspended explosive device and locked. Install measuring equipment inside the chamber, connect blasting line cables and measuring techniques to the explosive device and measuring equipment, which are inserted inside the chamber through openings in the flat bottom plates 2 and 3 using hermetic passage elements. The passage elements are covered with armored caps 36. Some of the holes in the plates of flat bottoms 2 and 3 are used to install equipment elements that provide:

- the ability to check the camera for leaks;

- venting the overpressure of the gaseous products of the explosion through the filters after blasting the explosive device and cooling the products of the explosion;

- injection, if necessary, into the chamber of the preserving solution after venting the gaseous products of the explosion.

After installation of all systems close the power cover 27, then install on the neck 22 of the cover 31.

When an explosive device is detonated, gaseous explosion products and solid fragments propagate axially and radially. The energy of the gaseous products of the explosion is extinguished due to the plastic deformation of the insert 16, and also due to the elastic and insignificant plastic deformation of the main power elements of the chamber, while the circumferential deformation of the insert 16 is less than the gap between the insert 16 and the pipe 14. The energy of the fragments is extinguished by layers of anti-fragmentation protection and 35, insert 16 and individual structural elements of the camera, for example, rings 10, cones 11 and armored caps 36.

The design of the explosion-proof chamber for an explosive load of 70 kg of fuel cells with a safety factor of 1.5 is developed, while the overall dimensions of the chamber are the same as the prototype (prototype explosion-proof chamber for an explosive load of 60 kg of fuel cells). The strength calculations of the chamber showed that the chamber retains strength and tightness when it detonates an explosive device with an energy release of 105 kg of fuel cell.

Claims (1)

An explosion-proof chamber containing a cylindrical body consisting of a central section and two side sections, the latter made of two coaxially arranged metal pipes, the space between which in the side sections is filled with foam concrete, the inner pipe of the side sections is supported from the inside by rings and cones, between which ribs are located; two flat two-layer bottoms with loading openings, consisting of internal and external plates, tightly rigidly interconnected, having openings for installing passage elements for operational use, covered with armored caps from the inside, each loading opening with a neck is hermetically closed from the inside by a convex power metal cover hinged to bottom plate, and in the closed position has the ability to be rigidly fixed on the outside of the plate, outside the feed hole with a neck closed tightly by a lid; ballistic protection made in the form of mesh layers and located on the inner cylindrical surface of the side sections and convex power metal covers; a longitudinal beam with a carriage mounted longitudinally in the upper part of the chamber cavity, characterized in that the central section is made of two coaxially arranged metal pipes with a gap, the inner pipe is supported by perforated rings, into which a cylindrical insert consisting of two coaxially arranged metal pipes is rigidly installed, the space between which is filled with concrete, the insert pipes are interconnected by rings, between the inner pipe of the central section of the body and the cylindrical surface of the insert has a clearance, the minimum value of which exceeds the maximum deformation of the insert under the effect of the explosive load, the inside cylindrical surface lined with ballistic protection insert formed as a mesh layers.

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