RU2615355C1 - Ploughshare - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering. The ploughshare contains the framework with the field and furrow edges, the back, the cutting part with the blade and the trim chisel. The trim chisel is designed in the form of a parallelogram. The trim chisel is mounted at an angle to the back, the angle of inclination being 9-14° more than the angle of inclination of the field edge to the back.

EFFECT: invention provides reducing of the draft resistance.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely to plowshares of plows.

Known ploughshare, consisting of a skeleton and a retractable bit attached to the rack, while the working end of the bit protrudes beyond the bow of the ploughshare. The bit provides deepening of the ploughshare and protects it from breakage when meeting with obstacles. As the chisel wears out, the bit is extended and thereby maintains the nose in front of the blade, which helps to maintain the functional properties of the ploughshare (A. Karpenko et al. Agricultural machines. M: VO Agropromizdat, 1989, pp. 29-30.)

A disadvantage of the known share is the difficulty of attaching the bit to the plow rack and the need to change the design of the rack and field board. In addition, there is a fall of plant residues into the gap between the chisel and the ploughshare core, which contributes to increased traction resistance and a violation of the stability of the plow in depth.

Known as a prototype share is known, containing a skeleton with a blade and an overhead bit made in the form of a parallelogram, fixed along the field edge of the skeleton and having a protrusion in front of the blade (I. Nilovsky. Composite plowshares of plows and paws of cultivators. Sat. parts of tillage machines. M. MASHGIZ 1960, p. 57-58).

A disadvantage of the known share is the increased traction resistance in the area of the field edge due to the location of the front edge of the bit parallel to the field edge, in which soil particles moving at an angle to the field edge penetrate the front edge of the bit, thereby increasing the resistance to movement of the plow body.

An object of the invention is to reduce the traction resistance of the plow body by changing the position of the bit relative to the ploughshare.

The task is achieved in that the plow share containing the skeleton with a field and furrow cuts, a back, a cutting part with a blade and an attachment bit, according to the invention, the attachment bit is set at an angle to the back, while its angle of inclination is 9-14 ° more than the angle of inclination field cut to the back.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the ploughshare from the front surface; in FIG. 2 - the direction of movement of soil particles when the bit is parallel to the field edge and at an angle of inclination of the bit to the back; in FIG. 3 - forces acting on the bit at angles α _d -α _p less than 9 ° and α _d -α _p more than 14 °.

The plow share contains the skeleton 1 with a field 2 and furrow 3 cuttings, a back 4, a cutting part 5 with a blade 6 and a surface chisel 7. The chisel 7 is made along the perimeter of faces 8 and 9 in the form of a parallelogram and installed at an angle α _d to the back 4, with the angle α _{d of the} inclination of the bit to the back 4 exceeds the angle of inclination α _{p of the} field edge to the back 4 by 9-14 °.

The plow share works as follows.

When the plow body moves, the bow of the ploughshare is first introduced into the soil mass, providing a deepening of the plow. Under the influence of traction, the soil layer is destroyed and soil particles 10 move along the plow surface in the opposite direction to the ploughshare. The bit 7, located at an angle α _d to the back 4, exceeding the angle of inclination of the field edge α _p to the back by 9-14 °, does not impede the movement of soil particles in connection with the parallel direction of the particle path and the location of the bit relative to the ploughshare core.

Thus, when moving a ploughshare in the soil with a patch bit 7 located at an angle α _d to the back, exceeding the angle of inclination α _{p of the} field edge 2 to the back 4 by 9-14 °, additional shares of the ploughshare are reduced to zero, and the total traction the resistance of the plow body is reduced compared to the prototype.

The range of change of the angle of inclination α _{d of the} bit 7 to the back 4, set for the ploughshare, with respect to the angle of inclination α _{p of the} field edge 2 to the back 4 is optimal. If the difference in the angles of inclination of the bit 7 and the field edge 2 to the back 4 is less than 9 °, the soil particles begin not to slide along the bit, but to stick into it, increasing the resistance R _{g to the} movement of the share. If greater than 14 °, soil particles begin to stick into the back of bit 7, while the buoyancy force R _in increases and the deepening ability of the bow of the share decreases, which leads to its premature rejection.

As a result of the invention, the energy consumption of plowing is reduced, which is confirmed by experiments, the traction resistance of a plow equipped with such plowshares decreased by 7-12% compared with the prototype.

Claims (1)

A plow share containing a skeleton with a field and furrow cuts, a back, a cutting part with a blade and a patch bit made in the form of a parallelogram, characterized in that the patch bit is set at an angle to the back, while its angle of inclination is 9-14 ° more than the angle tilt field crop to the back.

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