RU2238398C1 - Salvo fire cumulative perforator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas extractive industry.

SUBSTANCE: device has body in form of row of sections with cumulative charges, device for transferring detonation and adapters for connecting sections. Device is provided with hydraulic device being capable of operation at 500-600 meters depth while providing for coaxial placement of sections, and armored load-cam, connected to last section of cumulative perforator by hydraulic device. Adapters are made in form of cross-piece with a couple of pins placed at ends of engaged sections and being capable of free sliding in places for providing for lowering of perforator along curvilinear well shaft. Cross-piece along vertical axis has through aperture-channel for letting through of intact detonating wire. Cumulative charge is fixed on chassis placed perpendicular to axis of cumulative charge in such a way that cumulative jet had 90° angle with vertical perforator axis.

EFFECT: higher reliability.

7 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the technique of oilfield geophysics in terms of opening productive intervals in oil and gas wells using cumulative perforators, for example to cumulative rocket launchers, for opening productive intervals in open-hole oil and gas wells.

There are many modifications of industrially mastered cumulative perforators described in the special literature (E.M. Viceni "Cumulative perforators used in oil and gas wells", M .: Nedra, 1971, "Quick reference to shooting and blasting operations" edited by N.G. Grigoryan, Moscow: Nedra, 1991). Information about bullet punchers can be found in a review article by V.E. Tsirulina, V.A. Abramova "Application of bullet perforators in wells", "Exploration Geophysics", issue 11, M., 1991.

Known cumulative rock drill PRK 42C (PRK 54C), consisting of a detonation transmission device, detonating cord, sealed cumulative charges and tape - chassis, on which sealed cumulative charges are mounted ("Geophysical Bulletin", monthly newsletter of the Euro-Asian Geophysical Society, No. 5 , 2002, cover).

The disadvantage of the cumulative rock drill PRK 42C (PRK 54S) is that it is not possible to track the movement (descent, rise) of the cumulative rock drill by any geophysical method during the descent, because the probability of the obstruction of the said device to the bottom of the well is quite high.

As a prototype can be considered "Cumulative downhole drill" (No. 212 028, E 21 B 43/117, 05/13/96, prototype), comprising a housing in the form of a series of sections with cumulative charges, a detonation transmission device and adapters connecting the sections.

The disadvantage of "Cumulative downhole drill" is that the device is based on:

complex knock transmission system;

the absence of a tracking channel for the movement of the cumulative punch by any geophysical method as a function of depth;

lack of protection from interference (caverns) to lowering the device to the bottom;

lack of spatial orientation of the flight path of the cumulative jet in the wellbore.

The design of the cumulative volley fire perforator we offer is devoid of the above disadvantages and differs from the prototype in high reliability and, in addition, allows oblique perforation in an open barrel.

The cumulative multiple launch rocket gun we offer includes a housing in the form of a series of sections with cumulative charges, a detonation transmission device and adapters connecting the sections, and is additionally equipped with a hydraulic device that can be triggered at a depth of 500-600 m to ensure section alignment, and an eccentric logging load connected to the last section of the cumulative punch by a hydraulic device, and the adapters are made in the form of a cross with a pair of pins located at the ends of the sections to be joined and having the possibility of free sliding in the seats to ensure the descent of the perforator along the curved borehole, while the cross on the vertical axis has a through hole - a channel for passing the detonating cord intact, and the cumulative charge is fixed to the chassis, which is normal to the axis of the cumulative charge and thus so that the cumulative stream has an angle of up to 90 ° with the vertical axis of the perforator.

Moreover, the wall of the section opposite the expected cumulative jet has a hole - a window, the crosspiece is a single-cavity hyperboloid, the housing is in the form of a series of unsealed sections, and an electrode isolated from the metal of the cumulative puncher and electrically connected to a free residential wireline cable is suspended to the logging load, a logging load - the eccentric is a pipe segment, the internal cavity of which along the entire length is made in the form of a half cylinder of high bulk density material, shas SI is made in the form of two sections of the tape rigidly interconnected, one section of the tape is bent at an angle of up to 90 ° relative to the other.

Cumulative multiple launch rocket launcher is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a General view of the cumulative multiple launch rocket launcher, in Fig.2 - connection sections between themselves; figure 3 - connection of the section and the logging cargo, figure 4 is a section aa of figure 3, figure 5 is a section bB of figure 3.

The cumulative multiple launch rocket launcher (hereinafter referred to as the perforator) contains an instrument head 1, a detonation transmission device, for example, an electric detonator (not shown), an unsealed case assembled from a number of sections 2 (the number of sections is determined depending on the power of the shot range) with sealed cumulative charges 3 logging cargo is an eccentric 4, which is connected to the last section 5 by means of a hydraulic device 6, a solid (solid) detonating cord (not shown) and an electrode 7 suspended through cable 9.

The sections 2, 5 are connected to each other by an adapter 8, which is a cross 10 with a pair of pins 12 and 11, freely sliding in the seats in the form of holes made at the ends of the joined sections 2, the ends of which are forks 13 and 16. When this angle of the joined sections 2 has the ability to change relative to the vertical, but not exceeding 15 degrees. The latter was achieved due to the geometry of the crosspiece 10, which is a single-cavity hyperboloid with a through hole - channel 14. This through hole - channel 14 allows you to pass the detonating cord (not shown) through all sections 2, 5 solid, solid.

The cumulative pressurized charges 3 located inside each section 2 and 5 are mounted on the chassis. The chassis of each single cumulative sealed charge 3 is made in the form of two sections of the tape, for example, steel, 15 and 28, rigidly connected to each other. A section of the tape 15 is bent at an angle of up to 90 ° relative to another section of the tape 28 and at the same time is located at an angle of 90 ° to the axis of the cone of the cumulative sealed charge 3 and, in addition, it can be replaceable.

The installation of a single sealed cumulative charge 3 can be carried out so that the cumulative jet could have an angle of attack of up to 90 ° from the vertical axis of the perforator, i.e. by means of the chassis (tape section 15), the angle of attack of the cumulative jet can be adjusted according to the cross of the corresponding interval, which is established during the interpretation of the corresponding geophysical materials. According to the interpretation service, both the "step" of the cross through is determined vertically and the azimuthal orientation of the generatrix along the wellbore, along which it is necessary to produce a salvo cross. Each of sections 2, 5 contains a certain number of sealed cumulative charges 3, while in each section, opposite the expected cumulative stream, a hole is made - a “window” 17, which is an oval cut. The number of holes - "windows" 17 for passing a cumulative jet is determined by the number of sealed cumulative charges 3 installed in sections 2, 5.

The hydraulic device 6 consists of a guard casing 18, a piston 19 with o-rings 20, a return spring 21, a coaxial cylinder 22, fixed by means of an integral connection to the support 23, which has hard contact with the upper end part of the logging load - the eccentric 4. The main element of the coaxial the cylinder 22 and the protective casing 18 is a pin 24, rigidly connected to the piston 19, but freely passing through the hole in the coaxial cylinder 22. In the lower part of the last section 5 there are two grooves 25 the vertical axis along which pin 24. can move up and down. With the pin 24 in the highest position, the punch is “straightened” by the total length of section 5 and of the log weight — eccentric 4.

Logging load - eccentric 4 is a pipe segment (in external geometry that differs little from sections), the internal cavity of which is made in the form of a half cylinder of high bulk density material, mainly lead, over the entire length. Logging load - eccentric 4 can be solid or modular, i.e. consists of a pipe segment 26, inside which an element in the form of a half-cylinder 27 is attached. It is such a log load-eccentric 4, eccentric relative to the vertical axis of the punch hitch, that allows the azimuthal turn of the entire drill as a whole, since when moving along the walls of the well, the logging load is an eccentric 4 tends to turn in the direction of inclination of the wellbore. Logging load - eccentric 4 can be fixed in any azimuthal (necessary) orientation.

An electrode 7 for measuring the polarization potential (PS) is suspended from the logging load - eccentric 4, galvanically isolated from the metal of the hammer drill and electrically connected to a free core wire (not shown).

Due to the proposed technical solution, sections 2, 5 between each other (in the absence of hydraulic pressure) can have an angle of up to 15 ° vertically, which is important for the free passage of the entire assembly of the above-mentioned “tapping” interval. However, the technological goal of unimpeded descent of a cumulative multiple launch rocket punch to the bottomhole (before the perforation interval) is achievable provided that the lower part of the downhole cumulative multiple launch rocket punch simulates a single pipe up to 5-6 m long.

Before the descent into the well, the perforator is assembled.

A logging and perforating batch, having received an order for perforation in an open hole, delivers to the well the components of the cumulative multiple launch rocket puncher in separate packaging (in terms of cumulative charges). For this reason, at the well, first of all, it is necessary to understaff individual sections 2 and 5 with sealed cumulative charges 3. This operation is performed in a punch station in the sequence:

the pins 12, 11 are unscrewed from the seats located at the ends of the sections 2 (if this is not done with transport packaging);

removed from section 2 of the chassis (sections of tapes 28, 15) with the components for providing an explosion mounted on it: an electric detonator and detonation cord (not shown) (while sections of tapes 28, 15 with the required angle of attack of the cumulative jet for a particular well are still installed on a logging base);

install the sealed cumulative charges 3 in the respective sockets and slide the chassis (tape section 28) to the previous position.

Complete assembly of the perforator is carried out on the bridges of the rig. For this purpose, all sections 2, 5 of the punch are laid in the sequence corresponding to figure 1. A detonating cord (not shown) and an electrically insulated wire (not shown) are dragged to the electrode 7. The assembly is completed after all the elements of the punch are fastened. The number of sections 2 is determined in accordance with the interval of perforation of the well.

The operation of the described multiple launch rocket gun consists of the following.

The descent of the assembled coupler to the bottomhole is carried out according to the standard technology for perforating and blasting operations in the well.

In cluster drilling, the bore of a single well is inclined only in the “kick-off” interval (depth 400-500 m). Below the drilling flow chart provides for the straightening of the wellbore to 4-5 ° zenith angle. If the length of a single section 2 of the perforator reaches 3 m, even if the technological requirements for the set of curvature are met, the probability of obstruction of the perforator at the bottom of the well is quite large. The puncher will not overcome the cutoff interval, being stuck within the curved trace of the barrel in the form of a "chord".

The perforator is lowered to the bottom without stopping due to a sharp set of curvature, because the perforator can be bent in all joints (snake stroke) until hydraulic device 6 is triggered (at a depth of 500-600 m). After the hydraulic device 6 of section 2, 5 is activated, it is aligned with the vertical axis along the vertical axis, i.e. imitate as if a single pipe up to 6 m long.

After the perforator is installed in the well at a predetermined depth, in a predetermined perforation interval, a detonation transmission device, for example, an electric detonator (not shown), which initiates detonation of the detonation cord (not shown), is activated. When the detonation propagates along the detonation cord (not shown), the sealed cumulative charges 3 are initiated all at the same time. The cumulative jet generated by the detonation of each sealed cumulative charge 3 pierces the channel in the rock of the required length.

The piston 19 relative to the protective casing 18 is in its lowest position. Since the pin 24, articulated with the piston 19, has a loose fit in the coaxial cylinder 22 (predetermined play) and in the grooves, in the articulation under consideration the punch can (break) at an angle of up to 15 ° (at a larger angle, the detonating cord can be damaged). At a depth of 500-600 m, the hydraulic device 6 is triggered and the punch changes to another state. In this case, the piston 19 moves up to the stop, dragging the logging load-eccentric 4 along with it, in this case, sections 2, 5 are vertically aligned, simulating, as it were, a single pipe up to 6 m long. After perforation during full lifting at a depth 500-600 m unlocking of the hydraulic device 6 and there are no obstacles for trouble-free extraction of the punch from the wellhead.

In terms of introducing a new technology for the construction of an oil and gas well in terms of fluid shunting of the productive interval along the normal to bedding in an open trunk of an oil and gas well, the issue of technical support is of greatest interest. However, neither in the special literature, nor in the current information on new modifications of field geophysics techniques (see, for example, “Geophysical methods for well exploration”, reference book geophysics, M .: Nedra, 1983, “Geophysical Bulletin”, monthly Euro-Asian Newsletter Geophysical Society, 2001-2002) there is no information about the perforators acceptable for operation in the open bore of an oil and gas well.

This situation, on the one hand, is understandable if we proceed from the principle “there is no problem - there is no need for technical implementation”. However, on the other hand, the problem of the need for fluid shunting of polymictic collectors along the normal to the bedding, put forward by the largest authorities of the Tyumen specialized research institutes (SibNIINP, R.A. Abdullin; TF “SurgutNIPINeft”, V.P. Sonich and others), almost 10 years remains an insoluble technical task for both domestic and foreign designers of geophysical instrumentation. There is only one reason - the geological, technical and technological conditions for the construction of oil and gas wells in the fields of Western Siberia. It is known that the dominant position is occupied by the technology of directional directional drilling.

Claims (7)

1. Cumulative multiple launch rocket launcher, comprising a housing in the form of a series of sections with cumulative charges, a detonation transmission device and adapters connecting the sections, characterized in that the perforator is equipped with a hydraulic device that can be triggered at a depth of 500-600 m to ensure the alignment of the sections, and eccentric logging cargo connected to the last section of the cumulative perforator by a hydraulic device, and the adapters are made in the form of a cross with a pair of pins located at the ends of the sections to be joined th and having the possibility of free sliding in the seats to ensure the descent of the perforator along the curved borehole, while the cross on the vertical axis has a through hole-channel for passing the detonating cord intact, and the cumulative charge is fixed to the chassis, which is normal to the axis of the cumulative charge and so so that the cumulative stream has an angle of up to 90 ° with the vertical axis of the perforator. 2. Cumulative multiple launch rocket launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall of the section opposite the expected cumulative jet has a hole - a window. 3. The cumulative rocket launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the crosspiece is a single-cavity hyperboloid. 4. Cumulative multiple launch rocket launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a series of unsealed sections. 5. The cumulative multiple launch rocket drill according to claim 1, characterized in that an electrode isolated from the metal of the cumulative rock drill and electrically connected to a free core wire is suspended from the eccentric well. 6. Cumulative multiple launch rocket launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric logging load is a pipe segment, the internal cavity of which is made in the form of a half cylinder of high bulk density material along its entire length. 7. Cumulative multiple launch rocket launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the chassis is made in the form of two sections of tape rigidly connected to each other, one section of the tape is bent at an angle of up to 90 ° relative to the other.

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