RU2097288C1 - Method of and device for packing, storage and transportation of eggs good for hatching - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: after rejection of defective eggs, other eggs are fixed elastically in vertical position with air spaces pointed up, and circulation of air good embryo breathing is provided around eggs, then eggs are re-orientated from vertical position into horizontal position, i.e. are turned through 90 degrees relative to central axis of symmetry and are stored at temperature within 10 and 20 C. In process of storage, every four - six hours eggs are turned through 90 degrees relative to central axis of symmetry till the time of transportation for which eggs are returned into vertical position with air spaces upwards and measures are taken to prevent vibration, shocks and impacts and preserve circulation of breathing air around eggs. Method is realized by means of container made in form of diaphragms with round holes stretched between frames with diameter of holes smaller than diameter of eggs. Frames with diaphragms are arranged parallel to each other coaxially with centers of round holes between which eggs are placed vertically with air spaces pointed upwards. Lower and upper diaphragms are provided with holes for resilient braces or bundles with hooks or loops on both ends by means of which resilient bundles are made fast in stretched position or are fastened by clamps secured on corresponding sides of frames to provide fixing of eggs under action of diaphragm stretching deformation forces. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 2 cl, 12 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to packaging, storage and transportation of goods or materials, as well as containers for packaging, storage and transportation of these goods or materials of eggs, in particular suitable for incubation, including ostrich eggs.

 Currently, both in Russia and abroad, there are known methods of packaging, storage and transportation of eggs, as well as containers for their packaging, storage and transportation.

 Known methods of packing eggs according to copyright certificates (SU N 308716, class A 01 K 43/00 and N 958236, class B 65 B 23/02), which consist in orienting the eggs with the sharp end down for laying them in containers by feeding eggs with a horizontally located long axis, their subsequent rotation in a vertical position, quench the oscillatory movement of the egg by exposing it to a braking element.

 A disadvantage of the known methods of packing, storing and transporting eggs is the lack of an ordered set of operations in them, which makes it possible to keep these eggs not only suitable for human consumption, but also for incubation, in order to obtain viable offspring from them.

 Known devices designed to implement methods of packaging, storage and transportation of eggs and other fragile items.

 Known packaging for fragile products (ed. St. SU N 981104, class B 65 B 23/00 and US patent N 3619216, class B 65 B 23/00) containing a box and located in it at least one gasket with cross-shaped slots for installing these fragile products in such a way that their centers are located at an equal distance from each other, and the slots are of different sizes and are arranged alternately in a checkerboard pattern, in addition, two rows of slots for bending are made on the surface of the gasket along them with the formation of a parallel row so that the centers of the prop bonds of one row located above the center of the slots in the other row.

 The disadvantage of this technical solution is the requirement for the packaged item to have at one end a structural element capable of fixing itself in a small (or large) slot, for example, as a socket with a thread at the light bulb.

 A device for implementing the method of orienting eggs with the sharp end down for laying them in a container (ed. St. SU N 958236, class B 65 B 23/02), containing two vertical plates, between which the egg is oriented with the sharp end down, making oscillating movements for extinguishing of which the third plate is used, making a reciprocating motion.

 The disadvantage of this device is the deliberate focus on giving the egg an oscillatory movement with its subsequent damping, which is extremely undesirable for eggs intended for incubation, since this can lead to a violation of the normal state of the embryo inside the egg and its subsequent death.

 Known devices for transporting cylindrical objects (ed. St. SU N 2048391, class B 65 D 85/20) and for transporting ring-shaped objects (patent RU N 2017670, class B 65 D 85/02).

 The disadvantage of these devices is their constructive orientation on objects of a certain shape, different from the shape of an egg without taking into account the fact that the transported object is a living organism.

 The closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of packaging, storage and transportation of eggs (ed. St. SU N 958236, class B 65 B 23/02), in which, after weaning the eggs from the nest, they are oriented with a vertical air chamber up.

 The disadvantage of this method is the lack of creating conditions for maintaining the suitability of eggs for incubation of viable offspring.

 The purpose of the invention in terms of the method of maintaining the ability of eggs to incubate viable offspring.

The goal is achieved by the fact that after weaning the eggs from the nest, the eggs are oriented vertically along the central axis of symmetry with the air chamber upward, the position of the air chamber is preliminarily determined after rejection of defective eggs (with the air chamber shifted sideways relative to the central axis of symmetry, with two or more yolks , drops of blood and other heterogeneities of the internal structure of the egg) produce elastic fixation of the remaining eggs after culling in a vertical position with the air chamber upwards, provide irkulyatsiyu around air eggs suitable for embryo respiration inside the egg, reorient the egg to a vertical position an horizontally, ie. e. an angle of 90 ^o with respect to the central axis of symmetry, and store them at a temperature of from 10 to 20 ^o C, while in during storage at regular intervals from 4 to 6 hours, the eggs are flipped with respect to the central axis of symmetry by an angle of 90 ^o and so on until the moment of their transportation, in which the eggs are returned from a horizontal position to a vertical one with an air chamber, avoiding vibration, shock and shock, while maintaining air circulation around the eggs, suitable for breathing the embryo inside the egg. After transportation and storage, in accordance with the proposed method, the eggs are laid in an incubator for breeding.

 The proposed method of packaging, storage and transportation of eggs suitable for incubation is illustrated in FIG. 1 12.

 In FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an egg 1 in three projections. The air chamber 2 is visible against the background of the yolk 3 when viewed from above at the clearance provided by the light source through the shell 4, and when viewed from the opposite side, the air chamber 2 is closed by the yolk 3 and therefore is not visible. When viewed from the side of the egg 1, the air chamber 2 is also visible in the lumen. An egg is considered suitable for incubation if the air chamber 2 occupies one of the two extreme positions on the central axis of symmetry under the shell 4, i.e., if the contours of the air chamber 2 of the yolk 3 and the shell 4 form concentric circles around the central axis of symmetry 5, and inside the egg there are no drops of blood or other abnormalities not characteristic of a healthy egg.

 In FIG. 2 shows an egg in section according to the storage condition in a horizontal position. Sectors A, B and C, sequentially change their position (turn over) relative to the central axis of symmetry at regular intervals of 4-6 hours, and so on until the moment of transportation, when the eggs are again reoriented from a horizontal position to a vertical position with the air chamber up.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved result in terms of a device for implementing the method of packaging, storage and transportation of eggs suitable for incubation is an egg container containing two supporting elements with round holes, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the eggs, and the supporting elements are parallel to one on top of the other for placing the eggs between them in an upright position and fixing them in coaxially placed holes of the supporting elements (UK patent N 993123, CL B 65 D 85/32, 1965).

 However, in this device, the supporting elements are made of cardboard and do not adequately protect the eggs from vibration during transportation.

 The purpose of the invention in terms of the device is the elimination of these disadvantages by increasing the reliability of transportation and improving the ventilation of eggs at a given temperature to ensure the viability of the embryos inside the eggs.

 The goal in terms of the device is achieved by the fact that the device (container) for packing eggs suitable for incubation, for example ostrich, consisting of at least two square (rectangular) frames with elastic membranes with round holes (diameter) is smaller than the diameter of the egg, and the frames with the membranes are parallel to each other coaxially with the centers of the round holes, between which the eggs are vertically arranged with the air chambers upwards, while the lower and upper membranes are equipped with paired holes for elastic ties (bundles) with by the handles at both ends, with which these elastic strands stretch together and catch on the brackets fixed on the inside of the frames so that under the action of the tensile forces of the membranes, the eggs are fixed in the vertical position with the air chamber up.

 The number of eggs in the layer can be any, but, based on practical feasibility, these are five, six, eight, nine, twelve, thirteen, and so on.

 In FIG. 3 shows examples of frame frames 6 with membranes 7 stretched between them with holes 8 according to the number of eggs to be packed, for example, five, six, eight, twelve, thirteen or more. The membranes are perforated with holes 9 for lacing them with ties 10, followed by fastening the latter to the brackets 11 mounted on the respective sides of the frame frames. A clamp or strap with a fixing buckle 12 is designed to fix the frame to the wall of the box or the stack guide, and between the containers stacked in the stack, there is a gasket 13, which prevents the collision of eggs.

 The required number of eggs 1 in the layer, for example five pieces, depicted in FIG. 4, they are laid in holes 8 between two membranes 7, stretched inside the rigid frames 6. After that, elastic ties 10 with hooks or loops at the ends are threaded into the corresponding holes 8 with reinforced edges and all eggs in the layer are pulled together with membranes 7 so that the forces of elastic deformation of the membranes tightened the eggs on both sides and due to this fixed them in a vertical position. The ends of the elastic (elastic) screeds 10 are mounted in brackets 11 installed in the holes 15 of the slots 14 on the inner side of the respective frames 6 above or below the membrane 7. To which frame to fasten the screed is determined by the packer. In this case, it is possible to fasten the ends of the couplers 10 on the front side of the container, as shown in FIG. 4 for five eggs; in FIG. 5 for six eggs; in FIG. 7 for eight eggs; in FIG. 9 for twelve eggs; in FIG. 10 for thirteen eggs, as well as on the back of the container, as shown in FIG. 6 for six eggs and FIG. 8 for eight eggs, then when you look at the container from the side, you can see how the deformed edges of the holes 8 of the upper and lower membranes 7 fix the eggs 1 in an upright position. In addition, in FIG. 11, for thirteen eggs, the possibility of attaching the ties to oneself is shown, i.e. without attaching to the walls of the frame frame.

 After the packing of the eggs in the containers is completed, the containers are laid one at a time or through the elastic gaskets 13 shown in FIG. 3, but of the appropriate size for the required number of eggs, on top of each other in boxes of the appropriate size or in a stack. In this case, the containers are fixed by frames to the walls of the boxes or stacking rails by attaching with clamps or straps with buckles 12, shown in FIG. 3. But at the same time, stacking in a stack or in a box is done so that it is possible to reorient the containers with eggs laid in the stack from a vertical position to a horizontal one and vice versa, and it should also be possible to tilt them, ie sequentially moving sectors A, B, C, and D of all eggs in containers stacked relative to the central axis of symmetry, as shown in FIG. 2. These spatial movements are necessary to ensure the viability of the egg as a living organism.

An example of laying egg containers in a box or stack is shown in FIG. 12. In this case, the frame frames of the containers are attached to the wall of the box 16 (or the stack guide) with clamps with fixing buckles 12, and, if necessary, gaskets 13 are placed between the containers, which prevent the eggs from colliding, when they are opposite each other. In those cases when the holes in the membranes are staggered (Fig. 5, 6, 7 and 9), the possibility of collision of eggs is excluded when stacking with mutual rotation of containers 180 ^o .

 The proposed container is suitable for repeated reproduction in the conditions of ostrich breeding farms, since it does not require special hard-to-reach materials and equipment for its manufacture. So the frames can be made of wood, and the membrane is made of any rubberized fabric, elastic elastic ties can be made of rubber tubing, hooks and staples made of wire.

Claims (2)

1. The method of packaging, storage and transportation of eggs suitable for incubation, consisting in the fact that after weaning the eggs from the nest, they are oriented vertically along the central axis of symmetry with the air chamber up, characterized in that the position of the air chamber is preliminarily determined after clearance and after rejection defective eggs make elastic fixation of the eggs remaining after rejection in a vertical position with the air chamber upwards, ensure air circulating around the eggs, suitable for breathing inside the egg, reorient ruyut eggs from the vertical position to the horizontal, ie, at an angle of 90 ^o with respect to the central axis of symmetry, and store them at a temperature of from 10 to 20 ^o C, while during storage at regular intervals of 4 to 6 hours, the eggs are flipped relative to the central axis of symmetry at an angle of 90 ^o and so on until the time of their transportation, in which the eggs are returned from a horizontal position to a vertical air chamber up, excluding vibration, shocks and blows, while maintaining circulation around the eggs of air suitable for breathing the embryo inside the egg.  2. A container for eggs suitable for incubation, containing at least two supporting elements with round holes, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the eggs, and the supporting elements are parallel to one another to place the eggs between them in a vertical position and fix them in placed coaxially with holes of the supporting elements, characterized in that each supporting element is made in the form of an elastic membrane, stretched over a rigid rectangular frame, and the membrane is provided with additional holes for elastic ties with yuchkami or hinges at both ends, that these elastic ties engage each other or engage the staples reinforced frames on respective sides so that under the action of deformation forces membranes stretching fixation eggs carried in vertically upward air chamber.

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